School of Contemporary Music

Bachelor of Fine Arts (Contemporary Music)

CONTEXTUAL STUDIES 1
MUSI10193

Lecturer: Ashley Cross

LANGUAGES OF MUSIC
WORKBOOK

Semester Two, 2016

THIS COMPILATION OF STUDENT READING MATERIAL HAS BEEN MADE IN

ACCORDANCE WITH THE PROVISIONS OF PART VB OF THE COPYRIGHT ACT FOR
THE TEACHING PURPOSES OF THE UNIVERSITY.

FOR USE ONLY BY THE STUDENTS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF MELBOURNE ENROLLED

IN THE SUBJECT: Contextual Studies 3 MUSI10193

This is your Languages of Music 1.2.16 workbook. It deals with basic material, some
the same as first semester, some different. Literacy at its simplest. The workbook
needs to be filled in by everybody. Even if you are good at this stuff look at it as
revision, you cannot know this information too well.

The semester two workbook is not as big as the first semester one. You know the
drill get cracking!

If you are not strong/fast at this material, photocopy the book before you start so
that you can do it again and again.

NO LONGCUTS!




This workbook is due into the student centre by
4.00pm, Friday, October 21, the last day of
semester 2.


 The  simple  guide  to  deciphering  chord  symbols  
 
Being  able  to  decipher  chord  symbols  is  a  two  step  process.  
Step  1.  Know  your  major  scales.  
 
Major  scales  are  the  foundation  stones  of  your  musical  literacy.  You  need  to  be  able  
to  recite  them.  Up  and  down.  Be  able  to  do  this  without  the  visual  aid  of  a  keyboard  
or  guitar.  Be  able  to  do  this  without  having  to  think  of  a  key  signature.  Work  on  
being  able  to  do  this  very  quickly.  Having  to  think  of  key  signatures  only  slows  the  
process  down.  Speed  is  everything.  The  major  scale  is  the  scale  that  is  used  to  work  
out  all  intervals  and  chord  types  whether,  major,  seventh  or  minor.  Minor  scales  are  
not  used  to  work  out  minor  chords.    
 
Remember  the  scale  degrees;  
 
C            D            E              F            G            A            B            C              D              E                  F                G                  A  
1            2              3              4            5            6            7            8                9            10              11          12                13  
                                                                   1                2              3                  4                5                    6  
Step  2.  Understanding  the  information  contained  in  a  chord  symbol.  
 
Chord  symbols  are  a  fantastic  invention.  They  are  used  because  they  give  a  guide  to  
the  type  of  sound  or  harmony  that  a  composer  wants  to  hear  at  a  certain  place  in  
the  music  while  at  the  same  time  giving  musicians  a  lot  of  freedom,  flexibility  and  
artistic  licence  in  how  they  go  about  interpreting  that  guide.  If  composers  don’t  want  
musicians  to  have  that  freedom  then  they  need  to  fully  write  out  their  harmony,  
which  is  what  happens  in  non  –  improvised  idioms.  
 
Chord  symbols  are  also  used  because  of  the  relative  simplicity  of  the  system.  Once  
you  know  a  couple  of  guidelines  and  know  your  major  scales  it  does  become  easy.  
 
Chord  symbols  are  not  chord  voicings.  A  chord  voicing  is  what  you  get  after  a  
harmonic  instrument  player  has  interpreted  a  chord  symbol;  it  is  a  post  interpretive  
event.  The  chord  symbol  is  a  pre  interpretive  event,  although  chord  symbols  are  
often  used  in  analysis  in  order  to  give  a  name  retrospectively  to  sounds  that  
composers  have  created.  
 
Glossary  
-­‐        means  minor  
+      means  to  augment  or  raise  by  a  semitone,  usually  relates  to  the  5th  degree  
b      means  to  lower  by  a  semitone  
o      means  diminished  
o      with  a  /  through  it  means  half  diminished  
a  small  triangle  means  major  7  
#      means  to  raise  by  a  semitone  
 
 
There  are  basically  3  chord  groups;  major  chords,  7th  chords  and  minor  chords.  It  is  
important  to  know  how  to  interpret  slash  chords  and  polychords.  
Major  chords  
These  are  all  different  shades  or  hues  of  the  generic  C  major  sound.  Think  of  how  
many  different  kinds  of  blue  there  are  within  the  generic  colour  blue.  It  doesn’t  
matter  if  it  is  turquoise,  marine  blue,  aqua  etc  they  are  all  aspects  of  the  colour  blue.  
 
C  
means  the  triad,  C  E  G  
 
C6  
means  the  triad,  C  E  G  plus  the  6th  degree  of  the  scale  A  
 
Cmaj7  
means  the  triad,  C  E  G  plus  the  7th  degree  of  the  scale  B  
 
Cmaj9  
means  the  triad,  C  E  G  plus  the  7th  degree  of  the  scale  B  and  the  9th  D  
 
Cadd9  
means  the  triad,  C  E  G  plus  the  9th        (2nd)  degree  of  the  scale  D  
 
Cmaj7#11  
means  the  triad,  C  E  G  plus  the  seventh  degree  of  the  scale  B  and  the  #11  F#  
 
Cmaj9#11  
means  the  triad,  C  E  G  plus  the  7th  degree  of  the  scale  B  and  the  9th  D  and  the  #11  F#  
 
Cmaj7#5  
Same  as  a  major  7  chord  but  with  a  raised  5th  
 
C69  
means  the  triad,  CEG  plus  the  6th  degree  of  the  scale  A  and  the  9th  D  
 
C69#11  
Means  a  C69  chord  plus  an  added  #11  
 
Seventh  chords  (unaltered)  
 
C7  
Means  the  triad  CEG  plus  the  flattened  7th  Bb  
 
C9  
C11  
C13  
These  three  symbols  imply  the  triad  CEG  plus  the  flattened  7th  plus  the  mentioned  
extension,  the  9th,  11th  or  13th.  When  voicing  the  C11  the  9th  may  be  included  in  the  
voicing  and  when  voicing  the  C13  the  9th  and  the  11th  may  be  included  in  the  voicing.  
These  chords  are  named  by  their  highest  extension.  When  writing  out  the  notes  in  
these  chords  you  may  leave  the  9th  and  the  11th  out  or  include  them  in  brackets  as  
optional  notes.  
 
C7sus4  
Means  that  the  4th  degree  of  the  scale  replaces  the  major  3rd  in  a  C7  chord  C  F  G  Bb  
 
C9sus4  
Means  a  C7sus4  chord  plus  the  added  9th  
 
C13sus4  
Means  a  C7sus4  chord  plus  the  added  13th  
 
Altered  7th  chords  
Altered  7th  chords  may  use  combinations  of  diatonic  extensions  such  as  the  9th,  11th  
and  13th,  in  combinations  with  the  altered  extensions  of  b9,  #9,  #11,  #5.  Basically  do  
as  the  symbol  instructs  you  to  do.  
 
C7#11  
Means  the  triad  C  E  G  plus  the  flattened  7th  Bb  plus  the  raised  11  
 
C9#11  
Means  a  C9  voicing  plus  the  raised  11  
 
C13#11  
Means  a  C13  voicing  plus  the  raised  11  
 
C7sus4b9  
Means  a  C7sus4  chord  plus  the  added  b9th  
 
C7b9  
Means  a  C7  chord  plus  the  added  b9th  
 
C7#9  
Means  a  C7  chord  plus  the  added  raised  9th  
 
C7+5  
Means  a  C7  chord  but  with  a  raised  5th    
 
C9+5  
Means  a  C9  voicing  but  with  a  raised  5th    
 
C7+5b9  
Means  a  C7  chord  but  with  a  raised  5th  and  a  flattened  9th  
 
 
C13#9  
Means  a  C13  chord  but  with  a  raised  9th    
 
C13b9  
Means  a  C13  chord  but  with  a  flattened  9th    
 
C7b5#5  
Means  a  C7  chord  but  with  a  flattened  5th  and  a  raised  5th  C  E  Gb  G#  Bb  
 
Minor  chords  
 
Cm  
Means  the  minor  triad  C  Eb  G  
 
Cm6  
Means  the  minor  triad  C  Eb  G  plus  the  added  6th  A  
 
Cm69  
Means  the  minor  triad  C  Eb  G  plus  the  added  6th  A  plus  the  9th  D  
 
Cm  add9  
Means  the  minor  triad  C  Eb  G  plus  the  added  9th  D  
 
Cmin  maj7  
Means  the  minor  triad  C  Eb  G  plus  the  added  major  7th  B  
 
Cmin  b6  
Means  the  minor  triad  C  Eb  G  plus  the  added  minor  6th  Ab  
 
Cm7  
Means  C  Eb  G  Bb  
 
Cm9  
Cm11  
Cm13  
These  symbols  work  the  same  as  for  the  unaltered  C7  chords  
 
Cm7b5  
Means  a  minor  7th  chord  but  with  a  flattened  5th,  C  Eb  Gb  Bb  
 
Cdim7  
Means  a  full  symmetrical  chord  built  up  of  stacked  minor  3rds,  C  Eb  Gb  A  
 
Slash  Chords  
 
C/D  
The  diagonal  slash  means  that  you  have  Cmajor  triad  with  the  note  D  in  the  bass.  
There  is  a  possibility  of  11  notes  that  can  be  placed  under  a  triad  including  the  3rd  
and  the  5th,  putting  the  chord  in  1st  and  2nd  inversion  respectively.  
 
Polychords  
 
E7  
C7  
Means  that  an  entire  E7  chord  is  voiced  on  top  of  an  entire  C7  chord.  Polychords  
(more  than  one  chord  at  a  time)  have  greater  clarity  when  the  two  voicings  are  kept  
distinct  from  one  another.  As  they  bleed  into  one  another  it  can  start  to  sound  like  
you  have  one  chord  with  extensions.  
Sheet 1 Write out the notes contained in the following chords
Em Em6 Cdim7

Ab13#11 Gbm11 D#13#9

C#7+5 C#m7 E7b5#5

Cb13 Cm7b5 C#m69

F#min maj7 D#7+5b9 F#min b6

A#m7 C#m6 F7+5b9

D#min b6 Cm7 D#m6

Fm7 C#9+5 F#9sus4

F7+5 F9+5 E7#11

C6 Gb9sus4 Dbm7

D# Db9 F#7#9

Eb7#11 F#7sus4b9 Ab69

C13#11 F11 Cmaj9

Dbadd9 D#min maj7 F#7b9

Fm F#9#11 E7#9

Eb9+5 A#m9 D

Cb7#11 Cmaj7 Ab7#11

Db7+5b9 Cb9+5 C#m11

Em69 Gbm7b5 Ebm11

Eb Eb7+5 Cb7+5b9
Sheet 2 Write out the notes contained in the following chords
A#m11 Gbdim7 Eb13b9

Cb11 Gb9+5 A#dim7

Bb13 Cmin maj7 Bb11

A#7+5b9 C#7b5#5 F#m9

Eb7b5#5 C7+5b9 A#13#9

C#13b9 F13#9 Gbm6

C#7+5b9 Cb7 Cm9

F#7#11 C#13#9 C9+5

Gm7b5 C7+5 E7+5

Cb9 C#9sus4 D#m

C#m9 F#dim7 Gb7sus4

Ebm D#dim7 Cmaj7#5

F7sus4 Bbm13 Dbm11

Amin b6 Gb7#9 Cb69#11

F#7sus4 A#m13 F#9

E7b9 Gbm13 Ebm13

Dbm9 Bb9 Gb9#11

Db7b5#5 Eb7#9 C#13#11

Bb7 C7sus4b9 E7sus4b9

Eb7b9 C#maj7 A#9sus4

Sheet 3 Write out the notes contained in the following chords
Cmin b6 F#madd9 Gm69

D#madd9 G#min maj7 Bmin maj7

Bb9#11 Gbm D#7b5#5

D#13b9 C#m A#min b6

C#madd9 Cm13 D#13#11

Gm6 Dbm13 C#m7b5

G#dim7 Cm11 A#madd9

Ebm6 Gb7+5 Amin maj7

G#m A#min maj7 Abmadd9

G9+5 Cbmaj7#5 Eb7+5b9

Gm13 Bb7#11 G7+5

Cb69 F#m F#13#9

C#m13 E13b9 Gmaj7#5

G#7#11 F9#11 F13b9

Gb13#11 Db11 F#m7b5

Gb7sus4b9 A#7#11 G#7+5

C#7sus4 Gb7b9 B

D#m13 A#7#11 Db7#11

A#m7b5 F#m69 A#7#9

Db69 C69#11 A#13

Sheet 4 Write out the notes contained in the following chords
G#min b6 Abm7b5 Gmin maj7

C#min maj7 Gb7b5#5 A#6

A#m69 Cbm7 D#m69

Cbm9 Bbmin b6 G13b9

Ebm69 Bmin b6 Bbmadd9

D#9#11 Db13 Abdim7

G7b5#5 Cbmaj9#11 Cb9sus4

Bbm69 Gbmadd9 F#m7

Dbm7b5 Adim7 G#m7b5

Abmin maj7 Gb7+5b9 F#7b5#5

Cbmin b6 Gb13 Cbmin maj7

Eb13#9 Gbm69 G#m7

A7#9 A#11 G#m6

Gm Am7 G7#11

Abmin b6 G#7b5#5 Fm9

C#dim7 G#9+5 G#7+5b9

A7+5b9 A9+5 Gmaj9#11

Am9 Dbdim7 Ebmin maj7

B6 G13#11 E69#11

Gm11 F#7+5b9 G9sus4

Sheet 5 Write out the notes contained in the following chords
F#m13 F#m11 Abm13

D#m7 Gmin b6 A#7+5

Cbmadd9 Db13#11 Bbmin maj7

Gb13#9 C#min b6 Abm7

G#m9 Gbm7 Gbmin b6

E13#9 A#13b9 A#

A#maj9#11 F#13b9 C#7#11

Bbm7 Gb13b9 Fmadd9

Abm6 Abm69 D#9

G#madd9 G#m69 G#m11

Bmaj9#11 G13#9 Am11

Db7+5 A#add9 Cbm7b5

G#11 Db9+5 Bb13b9

Am13 E9+5 G#13#9

Cbdim7 G#9 Ab7sus4

A7sus4 F7#11 A#maj9

Bb7b5#5 A#69 G#7

Badd9 A7#11 C#7#9

F7#9 Bmaj9 Bbm6

Gm9 Dbmin maj7 Bm7b5

Sheet 6 Write out the notes contained in the following chords
B7#11 A#m Bbm11

Db9sus4 Cbm11 Abm11

B7 G#m13 Db7#9

D#11 Abm9 A#m6

Gbm9 Gbmin maj7 Bdim7

Am7b5 Db7sus4b9 B13

G7+5b9 Bbm9 D#m7b5

E7+5b9 A#7b5#5 Gm7

B69#11 Bb13#9 D9#11

Gmadd9 B9 D#13

Ab7sus4b9 F7sus4b9 A#9+5

A#maj7#5 A#7 B11

D13 Bmaj7#5 F7b9

D#7#11 C#7b9 A#69#11

G#13b9 Dbmin b6 G#maj7#5

Ab9sus4 Bm13 D13#11

A9sus4 A#maj7 B69

F#9+5 A6 C#7sus4b9

C13 G#maj9 Db7b9

D#69 D7#11 Cbm13 .

 Intervallic Relationships up and down

from to Answer from to Answer from to Answer from to Answer

b9 u 4 9 u b9 b3 u b9 M3 u m3

b9 d b7 9 d 6 b3 d 5 M3 d #5

b9 u #4 9 u 4 b3 u 9 M3 u b9

b9 d M3 9 d b7 b3 d 6 M3 d 5

b9 u #5 9 u #4 b3 u 4 M3 u 9

b9 d 9 9 d M3 b3 d b7 M3 d 6

b9 u 5 9 u #5 b3 u #4 M3 u 4

b9 d 9 9 d b9 b3 d M3 M3 d b7

b9 u 6 9 u 5 b3 u #5 M3 u #4

b9 d M7 9 d 9 b3 d b9 M3 d m3

b9 u b3 9 u 6 b3 u 5 M3 u #5

b9 d 4 9 d M7 b3 d 9 M3 d b9

b9 u b7 9 u b3 b3 u 6 M3 u 5

b9 d #4 9 d 4 b3 d M7 M3 d 9

b9 u M3 9 u b7 b3 u M3 M3 u 6

b9 d #5 9 d #4 b3 d 4 M3 d M7

b9 u 9 9 u M3 b3 u b7 M3 u b3

b9 d 5 9 d #5 b3 d #4 M3 d 4

b9 u 9 9 u b9 b3 u M3 M3 u b7

b9 d 6 9 d 5 b3 d #5 M3 d #4
 Intervallic Relationships up and down

from to Answer from to Answer from to Answer from to Answer

4 u b7 #4 u b3 5 u 6 #5 u 5

4 d #4 #4 d 4 5 d M7 #5 d 9

4 u M3 #4 u b7 5 u b3 #5 u 6

4 d #5 #4 d 4 5 d 4 #5 d M7

4 u b9 #4 u M3 5 u b7 #5 u b3

4 d 5 #4 d #5 5 d #4 #5 d 4

4 u 9 #4 u b9 5 u M3 #5 u b7

4 d 6 #4 d 5 5 d #5 #5 d #4

4 u #4 #4 u 9 5 u b9 #5 u M3

4 d b7 #4 d 6 5 d #5 #5 d 5

4 u #4 #4 u 4 5 u 9 #5 u b9

4 d M3 #4 d b7 5 d 6 #5 d 5

4 u #5 #4 u 4 5 u 4 #5 u 9

4 d b9 #4 d M3 5 d b7 #5 d 6

4 u 5 #4 u #5 5 u #4 #5 u 4

4 d 9 #4 d b9 5 d M3 #5 d b7

4 u 6 #4 u 5 5 u #5 #5 u #4

4 d M7 #4 d 9 5 d b9 #5 d M3

4 u b3 #4 u 6 5 u #5 #5 u 5

4 d #4 #4 d M7 5 d 9 #5 d b9
 Intervallic Relationships up and down

from to Answer from to Answer from to Answer from to Answer

M6 u #5 b7 u #4 M7 u 4 #5 u b3

M6 d b9 b7 d M3 M7 d b7 9 d 4

M6 u 5 b7 u #5 M7 u #4 4 u b7

M6 d 9 b7 d b9 M7 d M3 b9 d #4

M6 u b7 b7 u 5 M7 u #5 M6 u M3

M6 d M7 b7 d 9 M7 d b9 #4 d #5

M6 u b3 b7 u 6 M7 u 5 M3 u b9

M6 d 4 b7 d M7 M7 d 9 b3 d 5

M6 u b7 b7 u b3 M7 u 6 b7 u 9

M6 d #4 b7 d 4 M7 d 9 5 d 6

M6 u M3 b7 u M7 M7 u b3 9 u 6

M6 d #5 b7 d #4 M7 d 4 b7 d M7

M6 u b9 b7 u M3 M7 u b7 M6 u b3

M6 d 5 b7 d #5 M7 d #4 4 d 4

M6 u 9 b7 u b9 M7 u M3 #5 u M7

M6 d 6 b7 d 5 M7 d #5 M7 d #4

M6 u 4 b7 u 9 M7 u b9 b3 u #4

M6 d b7 b7 d 6 M7 d 5 #4 d M3

M6 u #4 b7 u 4 M7 u 9 b9 u #5

M6 d M3 b7 d M7 M7 d 6 5 d b9
 Intervallic Relationships up and down

from to Answer from to Answer from to Answer from to Answer

#5 u 4 #5 u b9 #5 u b9 #5 u m3

9 d b7 9 d 6 9 d 5 9 d #5

4 u #4 4 u #4 4 u 9 4 u b9

b9 d M3 b9 d b7 b9 d 6 b9 d 5

M6 u #5 M6 u #4 M6 u 4 M6 u 9

#4 d 9 #4 d M3 #4 d b7 #4 d 6

M3 u 5 M3 u #5 M3 u #4 M3 u 4

b3 d 9 b3 d b9 b3 d M3 b3 d b7

b7 u 6 b7 u 5 b7 u #5 b7 u #4

5 d M7 5 d 9 5 d b9 5 d m3

9 u b3 9 u 6 9 u 5 9 u #5

b7 d 4 b7 d M7 b7 d 9 b7 d b9

M6 u b7 M6 u b3 M6 u m6 M6 u 5

4 d #4 4 d 9 4 d M7 4 d 9

#5 u M3 #5 u b7 #5 u M3 #5 u 6

M7 d #5 M7 d #4 M7 d 4 M7 d 9

b3 u 9 b3 u M3 b3 u b7 b3 u 6

#4 d 5 #4 d #5 #4 d 4 #4 d 4

b9 u 9 b9 u b9 b9 u M3 b9 u b7

5 d 6 5 d b7 5 d #5 5 d #4
 Intervallic Relationships up and down

from to Answer from to Answer from to Answer from to Answer

#5 u b7 #5 u b3 #5 u 6 #5 u 5

9 d #4 9 d 4 9 d M7 9 d #5

4 u M3 4 u b7 4 u b3 4 u 6

b9 d #5 b9 d 4 b9 d 4 b9 d M7

M6 u b9 M6 u M3 M6 u b7 M6 u b3

#4 d 5 #4 d #5 #4 d b7 #4 d 4

M3 u 9 M3 u b9 M3 u M3 M3 u b7

b3 d 6 b3 d 5 b3 d #5 b3 d #4

b7 u #4 b7 u 9 b7 u b9 b7 u M3

5 d b7 5 d 6 5 d #5 5 d b9

9 u #4 9 u 4 9 u 6 9 u b9

b7 d M3 b7 d M3 b7 d 6 b7 d 5

M6 u #5 M6 u 4 M6 u 4 M6 u 9

4 d b9 4 d M3 4 d b7 4 d 6

#5 u 5 #5 u #5 #5 u #4 #5 u 4

M7 d 9 M7 d b9 M7 d M3 M7 d b7

b3 u 6 b3 u 5 b3 u #5 b3 u #4

#4 d M7 #4 d 9 #4 d b9 #4 d M3

b9 u b3 b9 u 6 b9 u #5 b9 u 5

5 d #4 5 d M7 5 d 9 5 d b9
 Intervallic Relationships up and down

from to Answer from to Answer from to Answer from to Answer

#5 u M7 #5 u #4 #5 u 4 #5 u b3

9 d b9 9 d M3 9 d b7 9 d 4

4 u 5 4 u #5 4 u #4 4 u b7

b9 d 9 b9 d 6 b9 d M3 b9 d #4

M6 u b7 M6 u 5 M6 u #5 M6 u M3

#4 d M7 #4 d 9 #4 d b9 #4 d #5

M3 u b3 M3 u 6 M3 u 5 M3 u b9

b3 d 4 b3 d M7 b3 d 9 b3 d 5

b7 u M3 b7 u b3 b7 u 6 b7 u 9

5 d #4 5 d 4 5 d 9 5 d 6

9 u M3 9 u M7 9 u b3 9 u 6

b7 d #5 b7 d #4 b7 d 4 b7 d M7

M6 u b9 M6 u M3 M6 u b7 M6 u b3

4 d 5 4 d #5 4 d #4 4 d b7

#5 u 9 #5 u b9 #5 u M3 #5 u M7

M7 d 6 M7 d 5 M7 d #5 M7 d #4

b3 u 4 b3 u 9 b3 u b9 b3 u #4

#4 d b7 #4 d 6 #4 d 5 #4 d M3

b9 u #4 b9 u 4 b9 u 9 b9 u #5

5 d M3 5 d M7 5 d 6 5 d b9
A1 Write out the notes contained in the following scales and modes
C Ionian Db Ionian

C# major pentatonic C major pentatonic

Db lydian C# lydian

D lydian augmented Db lydian augmented

D# mixolydian D mixolydian

Eb mixolydian flat 6 D# mixolydian flat 6

E lydian dominant Eb lydian dominant

F half whole diminished E half whole diminished

F# whole Tone F whole Tone

Gb altered F# altered

G melodic minor Gb melodic minor

G# harmonic minor G harmonic minor

Ab dorian G# dorian

A dorian flat 9 Ab dorian flat 9

A# Aeolian A Aeolian

Bb minor pentatonic A# minor pentatonic

B phrygian Bb phrygian

Cb spanish phrygian B spanish phrygian

C locrian Cb locrian

C# locrian nat 2 C locrian nat 2

Db whole half diminished C# whole half diminished

B1 Write out the notes contained in the following scales and modes
C Ionian C# Ionian

C major pentatonic C# major pentatonic

C lydian C# lydian

C lydian augmented C# lydian augmented

C mixolydian C# mixolydian

C mixolydian flat 6 C# mixolydian flat 6

C lydian dominant C# lydian dominant

C half whole diminished C# half whole diminished

C whole Tone C# whole Tone

C altered C# altered

C melodic minor C# melodic minor

C harmonic minor C# harmonic minor

C dorian C# dorian

C dorian flat 9 C# dorian flat 9

C Aeolian C# Aeolian

C minor pentatonic C# minor pentatonic

C phrygian C# phrygian

C spanish phrygian C# spanish phrygian

C locrian C# locrian

C locrian nat 2 C# locrian nat 2

C whole half diminished C# whole half diminished

A2 Write out the notes contained in the following scales and modes
C# Ionian C Ionian

Db major pentatonic C# major pentatonic

C lydian Db lydian

C# lydian augmented C lydian augmented

Db mixolydian C# mixolydian

D mixolydian flat 6 Db mixolydian flat 6

D# lydian dominant D lydian dominant

Eb half whole diminished D# half whole diminished

E whole Tone Eb whole Tone

F altered E altered

F# melodic minor F melodic minor

Gb harmonic minor F# harmonic minor

G dorian Gb dorian

G# dorian flat 9 G dorian flat 9

Ab Aeolian G# Aeolian

A minor pentatonic Ab minor pentatonic

A# phrygian A phrygian

Bb spanish phrygian A# spanish phrygian

B locrian Bb locrian

Cb locrian nat 2 B locrian nat 2

C whole half diminished Cb whole half diminished

B2 Write out the notes contained in the following scales and modes
Db Ionian D Ionian

Db major pentatonic D major pentatonic

Db lydian D lydian

Db lydian augmented D lydian augmented

Db mixolydian D mixolydian

Db mixolydian flat 6 D mixolydian flat 6

Db lydian dominant D lydian dominant

Db half whole diminished D half whole diminished

Db whole Tone D whole Tone

Db altered D altered

Db melodic minor D melodic minor

Db harmonic minor D harmonic minor

Db dorian D dorian

Db dorian flat 9 D dorian flat 9

Db Aeolian D Aeolian

Db minor pentatonic D minor pentatonic

Db phrygian D phrygian

Db spanish phrygian D spanish phrygian

Db locrian D locrian

Db locrian nat 2 D locrian nat 2

Db whole half diminished D whole half diminished

A3 Write out the notes contained in the following scales and modes
Cb Ionian B Ionian

C major pentatonic Cb major pentatonic

C# lydian C lydian

Db lydian augmented C# lydian augmented

C mixolydian Db mixolydian

C# mixolydian flat 6 C mixolydian flat 6

Db lydian dominant C# lydian dominant

D half whole diminished Db half whole diminished

D# whole Tone D whole Tone

Eb altered D# altered

E melodic minor Eb melodic minor

F harmonic minor E harmonic minor

F# dorian F dorian

Gb dorian flat 9 F# dorian flat 9

G Aeolian Gb Aeolian

G# minor pentatonic G minor pentatonic

Ab phrygian G# phrygian

A spanish phrygian Ab spanish phrygian

A# locrian A locrian

Bb locrian nat 2 A# locrian nat 2

B whole half diminished Bb whole half diminished

B3 Write out the notes contained in the following scales and modes
D# Ionian Eb Ionian

D# major pentatonic Eb major pentatonic

D# lydian Eb lydian

D# lydian augmented Eb lydian augmented

D# mixolydian Eb mixolydian

D# mixolydian flat 6 Eb mixolydian flat 6

D# lydian dominant Eb lydian dominant

D# half whole diminished Eb half whole diminished

D# whole Tone Eb whole Tone

D# altered Eb altered

D# melodic minor Eb melodic minor

D# harmonic minor Eb harmonic minor

D# dorian Eb dorian

D# dorian flat 9 Eb dorian flat 9

D# Aeolian Eb Aeolian

D# minor pentatonic Eb minor pentatonic

D# phrygian Eb phrygian

D# spanish phrygian Eb spanish phrygian

D# locrian Eb locrian

D# locrian nat 2 Eb locrian nat 2

D# whole half diminished Eb whole half diminished

A4 Write out the notes contained in the following scales and modes
Bb Ionian A# Ionian

B major pentatonic Bb major pentatonic

Cb lydian B lydian

C lydian augmented Cb lydian augmented

C# mixolydian C mixolydian

Db mixolydian flat 6 C# mixolydian flat 6

C lydian dominant Db lydian dominant

C# half whole diminished C half whole diminished

Db whole Tone C# whole Tone

D altered Db altered

D# melodic minor D melodic minor

Eb harmonic minor D# harmonic minor

E dorian Eb dorian

F dorian flat 9 E dorian flat 9

F# Aeolian F Aeolian

Gb minor pentatonic F# minor pentatonic

G phrygian Gb phrygian

G# spanish phrygian G spanish phrygian

Ab locrian G# locrian

A locrian nat 2 Ab locrian nat 2

A# whole half diminished A whole half diminished

B4 Write out the notes contained in the following scales and modes
E Ionian F Ionian

E major pentatonic F major pentatonic

E lydian F lydian

E lydian augmented F lydian augmented

E mixolydian F mixolydian

E mixolydian flat 6 F mixolydian flat 6

E lydian dominant F lydian dominant

E half whole diminished F half whole diminished

E whole Tone F whole Tone

E altered F altered

E melodic minor F melodic minor

E harmonic minor F harmonic minor

E dorian F dorian

E dorian flat 9 F dorian flat 9

E Aeolian F Aeolian

E minor pentatonic F minor pentatonic

E phrygian F phrygian

E spanish phrygian F spanish phrygian

E locrian F locrian

E locrian nat 2 F locrian nat 2

E whole half diminished F whole half diminished

A5 Write out the notes contained in the following scales and modes
A Ionian Ab Ionian

A# major pentatonic A major pentatonic

Bb lydian A# lydian

B lydian augmented Bb lydian augmented

Cb mixolydian B mixolydian

C mixolydian flat 6 Cb mixolydian flat 6

C# lydian dominant C lydian dominant

Db half whole diminished C# half whole diminished

C whole Tone Db whole Tone

C# altered C altered

Db melodic minor C# melodic minor

D harmonic minor Db harmonic minor

D# dorian D dorian

Eb dorian flat 9 D# dorian flat 9

E Aeolian Eb Aeolian

F minor pentatonic E minor pentatonic

F# phrygian F phrygian

Gb spanish phrygian F# spanish phrygian

G locrian Gb locrian

G# locrian nat 2 G locrian nat 2

Ab whole half diminished G# whole half diminished

B5 Write out the notes contained in the following scales and modes
F# Ionian Gb Ionian

F# major pentatonic Gb major pentatonic

F# lydian Gb lydian

F# lydian augmented Gb lydian augmented

F# mixolydian Gb mixolydian

F# mixolydian flat 6 Gb mixolydian flat 6

F# lydian dominant Gb lydian dominant

F# half whole diminished Gb half whole diminished

F# whole Tone Gb whole Tone

F# altered Gb altered

F# melodic minor Gb melodic minor

F# harmonic minor Gb harmonic minor

F# dorian Gb dorian

F# dorian flat 9 Gb dorian flat 9

F# Aeolian Gb Aeolian

F# minor pentatonic Gb minor pentatonic

F# phrygian Gb phrygian

F# spanish phrygian Gb spanish phrygian

F# locrian Gb locrian

F# locrian nat 2 Gb locrian nat 2

F# whole half diminished Gb whole half diminished

A6 Write out the notes contained in the following scales and modes
G# Ionian G Ionian

Ab major pentatonic G# major pentatonic

A lydian Ab lydian

A# lydian augmented A lydian augmented

Bb mixolydian A# mixolydian

B mixolydian flat 6 Bb mixolydian flat 6

Cb lydian dominant B lydian dominant

C half whole diminished Cb half whole diminished

C# whole Tone C whole Tone

Db altered C# altered

C melodic minor Db melodic minor

C# harmonic minor C harmonic minor

Db dorian C# dorian

D dorian flat 9 Db dorian flat 9

D# Aeolian D Aeolian

Eb minor pentatonic D# minor pentatonic

E phrygian Eb phrygian

F spanish phrygian E spanish phrygian

F# locrian F locrian

Gb locrian nat 2 F# locrian nat 2

G whole half diminished Gb whole half diminished

B6 Write out the notes contained in the following scales and modes
G Ionian G# Ionian

G major pentatonic G# major pentatonic

G lydian G# lydian

G lydian augmented G# lydian augmented

G mixolydian G# mixolydian

G mixolydian flat 6 G# mixolydian flat 6

G lydian dominant G# lydian dominant

G half whole diminished G# half whole diminished

G whole Tone G# whole Tone

G altered G# altered

G melodic minor G# melodic minor

G harmonic minor G# harmonic minor

G dorian G# dorian

G dorian flat 9 G# dorian flat 9

G Aeolian G# Aeolian

G minor pentatonic G# minor pentatonic

G phrygian G# phrygian

G spanish phrygian G# spanish phrygian

G locrian G# locrian

G locrian nat 2 G# locrian nat 2

G whole half diminished G# whole half diminished

A7 Write out the notes contained in the following scales and modes
Gb Ionian F# Ionian

G major pentatonic Gb major pentatonic

G# lydian G lydian

Ab lydian augmented G# lydian augmented

A mixolydian Ab mixolydian

A# mixolydian flat 6 A mixolydian flat 6

Bb lydian dominant A# lydian dominant

B half whole diminished Bb half whole diminished

Cb whole Tone B whole Tone

C altered Cb altered

C# melodic minor C melodic minor

Db harmonic minor C# harmonic minor

C dorian Db dorian

C# dorian flat 9 C dorian flat 9

Db Aeolian C# Aeolian

D minor pentatonic Db minor pentatonic

D# phrygian D phrygian

Eb spanish phrygian D# spanish phrygian

E locrian Eb locrian

F locrian nat 2 E locrian nat 2

F# whole half diminished F whole half diminished

B7 Write out the notes contained in the following scales and modes
Ab Ionian A Ionian

Ab major pentatonic A major pentatonic

Ab lydian A lydian

Ab lydian augmented A lydian augmented

Ab mixolydian A mixolydian

Ab mixolydian flat 6 A mixolydian flat 6

Ab lydian dominant A lydian dominant

Ab half whole diminished A half whole diminished

Ab whole Tone A whole Tone

Ab altered A altered

Ab melodic minor A melodic minor

Ab harmonic minor A harmonic minor

Ab dorian A dorian

Ab dorian flat 9 A dorian flat 9

Ab Aeolian A Aeolian

Ab minor pentatonic A minor pentatonic

Ab phrygian A phrygian

Ab spanish phrygian A spanish phrygian

Ab locrian A locrian

Ab locrian nat 2 A locrian nat 2

Ab whole half diminished A whole half diminished

A8 Write out the notes contained in the following scales and modes
F Ionian E Ionian

F# major pentatonic F major pentatonic

Gb lydian F# lydian

G lydian augmented Gb lydian augmented

G# mixolydian G mixolydian

Ab mixolydian flat 6 G# mixolydian flat 6

A lydian dominant Ab lydian dominant

A# half whole diminished A half whole diminished

Bb whole Tone A# whole Tone

B altered Bb altered

Cb melodic minor B melodic minor

C harmonic minor Cb harmonic minor

C# dorian C dorian

Db dorian flat 9 C# dorian flat 9

C Aeolian Db Aeolian

C# minor pentatonic C minor pentatonic

Db phrygian C# phrygian

D spanish phrygian Db spanish phrygian

D# locrian D locrian

Eb locrian nat 2 D# locrian nat 2

E whole half diminished Eb whole half diminished

B8 Write out the notes contained in the following scales and modes
A# Ionian Bb Ionian

A# major pentatonic Bb major pentatonic

A# lydian Bb lydian

A# lydian augmented Bb lydian augmented

A# mixolydian Bb mixolydian

A# mixolydian flat 6 Bb mixolydian flat 6

A# lydian dominant Bb lydian dominant

A# half whole diminished Bb half whole diminished

A# whole Tone Bb whole Tone

A# altered Bb altered

A# melodic minor Bb melodic minor

A# harmonic minor Bb harmonic minor

A# dorian Bb dorian

A# dorian flat 9 Bb dorian flat 9

A# Aeolian Bb Aeolian

A# minor pentatonic Bb minor pentatonic

A# phrygian Bb phrygian

A# spanish phrygian Bb spanish phrygian

A# locrian Bb locrian

A# locrian nat 2 Bb locrian nat 2

A# whole half diminished Bb whole half diminished

A9 Write out the notes contained in the following scales and modes
Eb Ionian D# Ionian

E major pentatonic Eb major pentatonic

F lydian E lydian

F# lydian augmented F lydian augmented

Gb mixolydian F# mixolydian

G mixolydian flat 6 Gb mixolydian flat 6

G# lydian dominant G lydian dominant

Ab half whole diminished G# half whole diminished

A whole Tone Ab whole Tone

A# altered A altered

Bb melodic minor A# melodic minor

B harmonic minor Bb harmonic minor

Cb dorian B dorian

C dorian flat 9 Cb dorian flat 9

C# Aeolian C Aeolian

Db minor pentatonic C# minor pentatonic

C phrygian Db phrygian

C# spanish phrygian C spanish phrygian

Db locrian C# locrian

D locrian nat 2 Db locrian nat 2

D# whole half diminished D whole half diminished

B9 Write out the notes contained in the following scales and modes
B Ionian Cb Ionian

B major pentatonic Cb major pentatonic

B lydian Cb lydian

B lydian augmented Cb lydian augmented

B mixolydian Cb mixolydian

B mixolydian flat 6 Cb mixolydian flat 6

B lydian dominant Cb lydian dominant

B half whole diminished Cb half whole diminished

B whole Tone Cb whole Tone

B altered Cb altered

B melodic minor Cb melodic minor

B harmonic minor Cb harmonic minor

B dorian Cb dorian

B dorian flat 9 Cb dorian flat 9

B Aeolian Cb Aeolian

B minor pentatonic Cb minor pentatonic

B phrygian Cb phrygian

B spanish phrygian Cb spanish phrygian

B locrian Cb locrian

B locrian nat 2 Cb locrian nat 2

B whole half diminished Cb whole half diminished

A10 Write out the notes contained in the following scales and modes

D Ionian Db Ionian

D# major pentatonic D major pentatonic

Eb lydian D# lydian

E lydian augmented Eb lydian augmented

F mixolydian E mixolydian

F# mixolydian flat 6 F mixolydian flat 6

Gb lydian dominant F# lydian dominant

G half whole diminished Gb half whole diminished

G# whole Tone G whole Tone

Ab altered G# altered

A melodic minor Ab melodic minor

A# harmonic minor A harmonic minor

Bb dorian A# dorian

B dorian flat 9 Bb dorian flat 9

Cb Aeolian B Aeolian

C minor pentatonic Cb minor pentatonic

C# phrygian C phrygian

Db spanish phrygian C# spanish phrygian

C locrian Db locrian

C# locrian nat 2 C locrian nat 2

Db whole half diminished C# whole half diminished

B10 Write out the notes contained in the following scales and modes

C Ionian C# Ionian

C major pentatonic C# major pentatonic

C lydian C# lydian

C lydian augmented C# lydian augmented

C mixolydian C# mixolydian

C mixolydian flat 6 C# mixolydian flat 6

C lydian dominant C# lydian dominant

C half whole diminished C# half whole diminished

C whole Tone C# whole Tone

C altered C# altered

C melodic minor C# melodic minor

C harmonic minor C# harmonic minor

C dorian C# dorian

C dorian flat 9 C# dorian flat 9

C Aeolian C# Aeolian

C minor pentatonic C# minor pentatonic

C phrygian C# phrygian

C spanish phrygian C# spanish phrygian

C locrian C# locrian

C locrian nat 2 C# locrian nat 2

C whole half diminished C# whole half diminished

A11 Write out the notes contained in the following scales and modes

C# Ionian

Db major pentatonic

D lydian

D# lydian augmented

Eb mixolydian

E mixolydian flat 6

F lydian dominant

F# half whole diminished

Gb whole Tone

G altered

G# melodic minor

Ab harmonic minor

A dorian

A# dorian flat 9

Bb Aeolian

B minor pentatonic

Cb phrygian

C spanish phrygian

C# locrian

Db locrian nat 2

C whole half diminished .

B11 Write out the notes contained in the following scales and modes

Db Ionian

Db major pentatonic

Db lydian

Db lydian augmented

Db mixolydian

Db mixolydian flat 6

Db lydian dominant

Db half whole diminished

Db whole Tone

Db altered

Db melodic minor

Db harmonic minor

Db dorian

Db dorian flat 9

Db Aeolian

Db minor pentatonic

Db phrygian

Db spanish phrygian

Db locrian

Db locrian nat 2

Db whole half diminished .

Tick  the  corresponding  colours  that  fit  each  mode
Colour
1 b2 2nd m3 M3 4 #4 5 #5   6 b7 M7
Mode b9 9 #9 11 #11  b5 m6  b13 13
lydian dominant
harmonic minor
minor pentatonic
lydian augmented
phrygian
Aeolian
mixolydian
half whole diminished
Ionian
dorian
spanish phrygian
locrian
whole Tone
dorian flat 9
melodic minor
major pentatonic
locrian nat 2
lydian
whole half diminished
Tick  the  corresponding  colours  that  fit  each  mode
Colour
1 b2 2nd m3 M3 4 #4 5 #5   6 b7 M7
Mode b9 9 #9 11 #11  b5 m6  b13 13
altered
mixolydian flat 6
lydian dominant
harmonic minor
minor pentatonic
lydian augmented
phrygian
Aeolian
mixolydian
half whole diminished
Ionian
dorian
spanish phrygian
locrian
whole Tone
dorian flat 9
melodic minor
major pentatonic
locrian nat 2
Tick  the  corresponding  colours  that  fit  each  mode
Colour
1 b2 2nd m3 M3 4 #4 5 #5   6 b7 M7
Mode b9 9 #9 11 #11  b5 m6  b13 13
lydian
whole half diminished
altered
mixolydian flat 6
lydian dominant
harmonic minor
minor pentatonic
lydian augmented
phrygian
Aeolian
mixolydian
half whole diminished
Ionian
dorian
spanish phrygian
locrian
whole Tone
dorian flat 9
melodic minor
Tick  the  corresponding  colours  that  fit  each  mode
Colour
1 b2 2nd m3 M3 4 #4 5 #5   6 b7 M7
Mode b9 9 #9 11 #11  b5 m6  b13 13
major pentatonic
locrian nat 2
lydian
whole half diminished
altered
mixolydian flat 6
lydian dominant
harmonic minor
minor pentatonic
lydian augmented
phrygian
Aeolian
mixolydian
half whole diminished
Ionian
dorian
spanish phrygian
locrian
whole Tone
Tick  the  corresponding  colours  that  fit  each  mode
Colour
1 b2 2nd m3 M3 4 #4 5 #5   6 b7 M7
Mode b9 9 #9 11 #11  b5 m6  b13 13
dorian flat 9
melodic minor
major pentatonic
locrian nat 2
lydian
whole half diminished
altered
mixolydian flat 6
lydian dominant
harmonic minor
minor pentatonic
lydian augmented
phrygian
Aeolian
mixolydian
half whole diminished
Ionian
dorian
spanish phrygian
Tick  the  corresponding  colours  that  fit  each  mode
Colour
1 b2 2nd m3 M3 4 #4 5 #5   6 b7 M7
Mode b9 9 #9 11 #11  b5 m6  b13 13
locrian
whole Tone
dorian flat 9
melodic minor
major pentatonic
locrian nat 2
lydian
whole half diminished
altered
mixolydian flat 6
lydian dominant
harmonic minor
minor pentatonic
lydian augmented
phrygian
Aeolian
mixolydian
half whole diminished
Ionian
Tick  the  corresponding  colours  that  fit  each  mode
Colour
1 b2 2nd m3 M3 4 #4 5 #5   6 b7 M7
Mode b9 9 #9 11 #11  b5 m6  b13 13
dorian
spanish phrygian
locrian
whole Tone
dorian flat 9
melodic minor
major pentatonic
locrian nat 2
lydian
whole half diminished
altered
mixolydian flat 6
lydian dominant
harmonic minor
minor pentatonic
lydian augmented
phrygian
Aeolian
mixolydian
Tick  the  corresponding  colours  that  fit  each  mode
Colour
1 b2 2nd m3 M3 4 #4 5 #5   6 b7 M7
Mode b9 9 #9 11 #11  b5 m6  b13 13
half whole diminished
Ionian
dorian
spanish phrygian
locrian
whole Tone
dorian flat 9
melodic minor
major pentatonic
locrian nat 2
lydian
whole half diminished
altered
mixolydian flat 6
lydian dominant
harmonic minor
minor pentatonic
lydian augmented
phrygian
Tick  the  corresponding  colours  that  fit  each  mode
Colour
1 b2 2nd m3 M3 4 #4 5 #5   6 b7 M7
Mode b9 9 #9 11 #11  b5 m6  b13 13
Aeolian
mixolydian
half whole diminished
Ionian
dorian
spanish phrygian
locrian
whole Tone
dorian flat 9
melodic minor
major pentatonic
locrian nat 2
lydian
whole half diminished
altered
mixolydian flat 6
lydian dominant
harmonic minor
minor pentatonic
Tick  the  corresponding  colours  that  fit  each  mode
Colour
1 b2 2nd m3 M3 4 #4 5 #5   6 b7 M7
Mode b9 9 #9 11 #11  b5 m6  b13 13
lydian augmented
phrygian
Aeolian
mixolydian
half whole diminished
Ionian
dorian
spanish phrygian
locrian
whole Tone
dorian flat 9
melodic minor
major pentatonic
locrian nat 2
lydian
whole half diminished
altered
mixolydian flat 6
lydian dominant
Tick  the  corresponding  colours  that  fit  each  mode
Colour
1 b2 2nd m3 M3 4 #4 5 #5   6 b7 M7
Mode b9 9 #9 11 #11  b5 m6  b13 13
harmonic minor
minor pentatonic
lydian augmented
phrygian
Aeolian
mixolydian
half whole diminished
Ionian
dorian
spanish phrygian
locrian
whole Tone
dorian flat 9
melodic minor
major pentatonic
locrian nat 2
lydian
whole half diminished
altered
Tick  the  corresponding  colours  that  fit  each  mode
Colour
1 b2 2nd m3 M3 4 #4 5 #5   6 b7 M7
Mode b9 9 #9 11 #11  b5 m6  b13 13
mixolydian flat 6
lydian dominant
harmonic minor
minor pentatonic
lydian augmented
phrygian
Aeolian
mixolydian
half whole diminished
Ionian
dorian
spanish phrygian
locrian
whole Tone
dorian flat 9
melodic minor
major pentatonic
locrian nat 2
lydian
Tick  the  corresponding  colours  that  fit  each  mode
Colour
1 b2 2nd m3 M3 4 #4 5 #5   6 b7 M7
Mode b9 9 #9 11 #11  b5 m6  b13 13
whole half diminished
altered
mixolydian flat 6
lydian dominant
harmonic minor
minor pentatonic
lydian augmented
phrygian
Aeolian
mixolydian
half whole diminished
Ionian
dorian
spanish phrygian
locrian
whole Tone
dorian flat 9
melodic minor
major pentatonic
Tick  the  corresponding  colours  that  fit  each  mode
Colour
1 b2 2nd m3 M3 4 #4 5 #5   6 b7 M7
Mode b9 9 #9 11 #11  b5 m6  b13 13
locrian nat 2
lydian
whole half diminished
altered
mixolydian flat 6
lydian dominant
harmonic minor
minor pentatonic
lydian augmented
phrygian
Aeolian
mixolydian
half whole diminished
Ionian
dorian
spanish phrygian
locrian
whole Tone
dorian flat 9
Tick  the  corresponding  colours  that  fit  each  mode
Colour
1 b2 2nd m3 M3 4 #4 5 #5   6 b7 M7
Mode b9 9 #9 11 #11  b5 m6  b13 13
melodic minor
major pentatonic
locrian nat 2
lydian
whole half diminished
altered
mixolydian flat 6
lydian dominant
harmonic minor
minor pentatonic
lydian augmented
phrygian
Aeolian
mixolydian
half whole diminished
Ionian
dorian
spanish phrygian
locrian
Tick  the  corresponding  colours  that  fit  each  mode
Colour
1 b2 2nd m3 M3 4 #4 5 #5   6 b7 M7
Mode b9 9 #9 11 #11  b5 m6  b13 13
whole Tone
dorian flat 9
melodic minor
major pentatonic
locrian nat 2
lydian
whole half diminished
altered
mixolydian flat 6
lydian dominant
harmonic minor
minor pentatonic
lydian augmented
phrygian
Aeolian
mixolydian
half whole diminished
Ionian
dorian
Tick  the  corresponding  colours  that  fit  each  mode
Colour
1 b2 2nd m3 M3 4 #4 5 #5   6 b7 M7
Mode b9 9 #9 11 #11  b5 m6  b13 13
spanish phrygian
locrian
whole Tone
dorian flat 9
melodic minor
major pentatonic
locrian nat 2
lydian
whole half diminished
altered
mixolydian flat 6
harmonic minor
minor pentatonic
lydian augmented
phrygian
Aeolian
lydian
whole half diminished
altered