Group members name : Darvin Naidu S/O Saravanan - MC190108101

: Kumutha D/O Kuppusamy - MC190108230

: Darshini D/O Elangkovan - MC190108224

Course Code : (ITID1043)

Course Title : Fundamentals of Information Technology

Semester/Year : 1 / january 2019

Submission date : 4th March 2019

Lecturer Name : Madam Noor Azma Ismail

Embedded System
An embedded system can be thought of as a PC hardware system having software installed
in it. An embedded system can be an autonomous system or it tends to be a piece of a huge
system. An embedded system is a microcontroller or chip based system which is intended to
play out a particular assignment. For example, a flame caution is an embedded system it will
sense just smoke.
An embedded system has three parts which are It has hardware,It has application software
and It has Real Time Operating framework (RTOS) that oversees the application software and
give instrument to give the processor a chance to run a procedure according to planning by
following a plan to control the latencies. RTOS characterizes the manner in which the system
works. It sets the fundamentals in the midst of the execution of utilization program. A little
scale embedded system may not have RTOS. So we can characterize an embedded system
as a Microcontroller based, software driven, real-time control system .

3 example of an Embedded System

(i) Automotive embedded system

The first example of an embedded system include automotive. Today autos utilize embedded
system supplanting old customary system. Electronic Control Units are utilized in automotive
embedded system Examples. This unit contains microcontroller, switches, sensors, drivers,
and so forth. Every one of the sensors and actuators are associated with electronic control
unit. Autos utilizing an embedded system may comprises of many chip. Each microcontroller
(Arduino, PIC Microcontroller, 8051 Microcontroller and so on.) plays out its very own devoted
assignment. Some of them control motor. Some run dashboard gadgets. The entire system is
really included a few little system.

(ii) Personal digital assistant (PDA)

The second example of an embedded system is personal digital assistant (PDA) is the
following model on my rundown. It's a device for individual use. You can discover a great
deal of individual an embedded system models like Mobile Phones, information coordinators,
PDA and so on. Personal digital assistant is much the same as a PC close by. It was
utilized before cell phones turned out. PDA is utilized as data administrator and can
associate with web. It has a presentation for the most part touchscreen for the client to
collaborate with the device.
(iii) Industrial robots
The third example of an embedded system have a great deal of uses in industrial robots.
Today, every procedure is being taken towards automation. So industrial robots are
essential to make reference to with embedded system models. A industrial robot is an
embedded system that arrives in an assortment of structures and each plays out various
diverse undertakings.Some mechanical robots are utilized for moving parts, instruments,
materials and so on.Some are utilized in gathering activities while some of them are utilized
in assembling. These robots have expanded the efficiency. They are broadly utilized where
exact tasks are required or at the spots which are hard to access for people.

Two (2) functionalities offer by each of embedded system chosen to consumer :

(i) Automotive embedded system

Utilizing embedded system in automotive has diminished the cost factor. It has improved the
general execution and increased functionality. It has likewise diminished weight and made
vehicle increasingly protected and dependable. Uses of car inserted frameworks include:
comfortable seats - drivers can invest a great deal of energy in the car. On the off chance
that the seats aren't happy, you won't be content with your car for long. Automatic
emergency braking (AEB) - adds to the advantages of forward-impact cautioning. AEB will
detect a potential impact, and in the event that you don't respond in time, the car will start
braking for you. Auto-braking is another innovation we might want to see standard in each
car.Spare tire - Bunches of cars come without them nowadays, so check before you
purchase. As a rule, an extra tire can be included for an expense. Rear cross-traffic alert -
takes seeing behind you to the following dimension by notice you when other traffic is
drawing nearer from the side as you pull out. Consumer Reports purchases new autos for
testing on a close week after week premise, guaranteeing our staff has encountered pretty
much every new element that tags along. A few highlights are cunning advancements that
we wouldn't have any desire to be without, while others can be as a lot of an irritation as an
assistance. (Find out about how we test autos.) In light of our experience, here are proposals
for highlights worth considering, just as those that you should consider skipping.

(ii) Personal digital assistant (PDA)

The showcase is utilized for entering data, memory card is utilized for putting away
information and it is given Bluetooth or WiFi for availability. A portion of the personal digital
assistant use keypads rather than touchscreen to include data. This device is helpful in
overseeing and arranging individual data. It is exceptionally light in weight and serves
different functions.The first Newton was advertised as the ultimate mobile apparatus with all
the intensity of a standard PC contracted down into a small scale structure factor. Through
extra software, it could possibly turn into a word processor, a spreadsheet, a database, fax
machine, or even a book. The Newtons functions were practically unending. Be that as it
may, when reality set in, the product and equipment support did not emerge. Apple needed
to achieve excessively with excessively little. It needed to take care of issues that did not by
any means exist. These inordinate desires and misty goals of the Newton prompted its ruin
and about slaughtered the PDA advertise. a consumer who strolls past a candy machine
may be given a scope of determinations on the presentation of his or her PDA, which could
be acquired right away. Mobile Micropayments utilized Qpass Inc. to deal with charging and
installment in a way fundamentally the same as programmed embedded system utilized on
toll streets. The innovation can be utilized to pay for everything from junk food to taxi
admissions. In late 2000, Andersen Consulting anticipated an expanding number of
gadgets—including printers, money registers and candy machines—would almost certainly
consistently speak with different remote device in their prompt region.
THREE (3) illustrations
Automotive illustrations :
Personal digital assistant (PDA) illustrations:
Industrial robots illustrations:
THREE (3) advantages and disadvantages of each embedded system chosen.
Automotive
Advantages
1) Doing what you cherish
 It is most extreme vital to do what
you cherish. With enthusiasm,
comes extraordinary vitality and
the will to learn. Being an auto
professional empowers you to
deal with vehicles and even autos
that you adore
2) Professional Success 2) Clients Irritation
 you can gain benefit by doing low
maintenance employments, for
example, composing for autos or
even purchase and fix more
seasoned vehicles and offer them
for benefit
3) Profession Stability
 The requirement for experts to fix
and keep up autos remain
moderately consistent as vehicles
are as yet the essential
transportation for some out there.
Disadvantages
1) Fluctuated Cars
 Every vehicle has diverse specs
and distinctive game plans for the
parts. The contrasts between the
vehicles can make it hard to chip
away at the diverse autos.
 The clients may likewise expect
the vehicle back quicker than
what is really conceivable and
turned out to be disturbed when
informed that the vehicle won't be
prepared on their time plan.
3) Physical pressure
 This can make it extremely hard
to evacuate and to introduce
distinctive parts. Numerous autos
are not manufactured with the
goal that they can be effectively
dismantled, this implies some
quality will be important to
dismantle the vehicle.
Personal digital assistant (PDA)
Advantages
1)Organizing Personal Information
 clients can likewise transfer data
from their PCs into their PDAs, or
download data from their PDAs into
Word or Excel records. PDAs can
likewise set up Bluetooth
associations with different PDAs,
taking into consideration the trading
of electronic business cards.
2) Multiple Functionaltiy
 PDAs can store and play music or
fill in as Power Point moderators or
GPS gadgets with the correct
adornments. Wi-Fi empowered
PDAs can send and get email and
surf the web
3)Handwriting Recognition
 One of the real points of interest of
PDAs is penmanship
acknowledgment.
Disadvantages
1)Cost and Time Limitation
 As indicated by Marc Mancini in the
book "Time Management," PDAs are
not generally the best response to
business arrangements.
2)Limited In Scope
 They are neither PC substitutions nor
would they be able to be viably used
to supplant PDAs. PDAs are not
outfitted to bargain completely with
smaller scale handling abilities
3)Fragile and Delicate
 A suitable PDA defensive case and a
refreshed infection security can
adequately deal with these dangers.
Industrial robots
Advantages
1)Improve quality
 Given their larger amounts of
precision, modern robots can be
utilized to deliver higher quality
items which result in the decrease of
time required for quality control and
guarantees that norms of value are
clung to.
2)Increased profitability 2) Expertise
 The effects of presenting
mechanical robots can just
guarantee higher gainfulness levels
with lower cost per item as by
expanding the proficiency of your
procedure, decreasing the asset and
time required to finish it while
likewise accomplishing higher
quality items, presenting modern
robots set aside some cash over the
long haul.
3) improved working environment
 A few errands are regarded as
excessively risky or relentless and
monotonous for people to complete
thus rather robots can play out these
assignments. Working conditions,
consequently, can be immensely
improved just as the security inside
processing plants and creation
plants by presenting mechanical
robots.
Disadvantages
1)Capital cost
 Actualizing modern robots can
cause a genuinely high capital
expense notwithstanding, they do
demonstrate exceedingly compelling
and bring a positive ROI. This is the
reason preceding choices being
made we generally prescribe
thought is given to both the
speculation required and
furthermore the ROI you hope to
accomplish in executing robots.
 While mechanical robots are
incredible for performing numerous
undertakings, similarly as with some
other kind of innovation, they require
all the more preparing and mastery
to at first set up. The skill of a decent
mechanization organization with a
help bundle will be essential
3) Limitations
 The quantity of modern robots has
seen a sensational increment
throughout the years yet there are
still a few confinements to the sort of
errands they can perform. This is the
reason we exhort that organizations
liaise with robotization organizations
before execution to survey the
different alternatives accessible first.
Explain TWO (2) of embedded system that you are using to support your daily
activities. Explain at least TWO (2) how the embedded systems beneficial for you.

1)
Digital Camera
A digital camera is extremely genuine case of embedded system. Cameras that we use
today are brilliant and have a great deal of highlights that were absent in early cameras all
due to embedded system utilized in them. A digital camera has essentially three capacities,
to catch picture which we call information, to store picture information, and to speak to this
information. Today pictures are put away and handled in type of computerized information in
bits. There is no need of film for putting away pictures. This element has expanded the
capacity limit and made it simple to exchange pictures.In digital cameras, first picture is
captured and changed over to computerized structure. This advanced picture is put away in
inner memory. At the point when the camera is connected to your computer for transferring
pictures, it exchanges the put away information. In the event that I talk about brilliant
camera, it has some additional highlights than computerized cameras. Savvy cameras can
catch subtleties of the scene.
2) Calculator
Calculator is additionally one of the instances of embedded system. All things considered it
is one of prior embedded system that is utilized generally. In this example, the function is to
take input from the keypad, play out the required activity and demonstrate the outcomes on
LCD. embedded Scientific Calculator has a superior processor. Various scientific complex
counts can be performed by these number crunchers. You can likewise program such logical
number crunchers. With such sort of usefulness, these calculator are extremely advance
when contrasted with straightforward adding machines, all in light of embedded system.

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 References
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still required external memory and support chips. In 1978 National Engineering

Association released a "standard" for programmable microcontrollers,

Barr, Michael (1 August 2009). "Real men program in C". Embedded Systems Design.
TechInsights

(United Business Media). p. 2. Retrieved 2009-12-23.

C.Alippi: Intelligence for Embedded Systems. Springer, 2014, 283pp, ISBN 978-3-319-
05278-6.

S. Mittal, "A survey of techniques for improving energy efficiency in embedded

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Giovino, Bill. "Micro controller.com – Embedded Systems supersite".

Electronic Voting Machine Information Sheet Accupoll AVS 1000