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    Ingles

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    Ingles

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    22 views8 pages

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    Uploaded by

    yadii_16
    Ingles

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    of 8
    Equipment Types of rigs Reading distinguish between different t offshore platforms RC ron TOR Tey poy Ty Poet 1 Read the text and match these types of offshore oil platform (A-E) to gaps 1-5 Offshore oil platforms must be strong enough to resist wind speeds of over 150 km per hour and ‘waves over 20 m high. (1) Spar platforms are the largest type of offshore platform. They are mounted on a large cylinder. This is attached to the sea bed by cables and lines. The cylinder stabilises the platform in the water and allows it to move a little during storms. Spar platforms can operate in water from about 700 m to over 3,000 m deep. (2) Tension leg platforms do not have a cylinder. ‘The platform is mounted on long, flexible legs. ‘These go down from the platform to the sea bed. They allow the platform to move from side to side in a storm but not up and down. Tension leg platforms can operate in water up to about 2,300 m deep. (3) Fixed platforms are attached to the sea Types of offshore oil platform bed with rigid legs. The legs are fixed to the sea bed with piles. They are stable and resist wind and water forces. Fixed platforms can operate in water depths up to about 500 m. (4) — Compliant towers are like fixed platforms. The platform is mounted on a narrow, flexible tower. The tower extends from the platform to a solid foundation on the sea bed. It is flexible, and this allows the platform to operate in much deeper water, between 450 m and 900 m. (5) Sea star platforms are similar to tension leg platforms but smaller. The platform floats on a short cylinder and a hull. The cylinder and hull are below: sea level, and the hulls filed with water. The hull is attached to tension legs. These narrow, flexible legs extend from the hull to the sea bed. The platform can ‘move a litle from side to side but not up and down. It can operate in water depths of up to about 1,000 m. Writing 2 Write short notes about the most important features of each type of offshore « platform in 1. Use the information in the text in 1 to help you. Spar platforms: largest, cylinder, cables and lines, 700-3,000 m Listening 3 MEZEEM Listen to six statements about different types of offshore oil platform. Are the statements true (T) or fase (F? 1d/H 20/FH 37H 4 /F 5 TIA 6 C/A Language 4 Complete these sentences with the correct form of the adjectives in brackets. Use more, the mos, less oF the least i necessary. 1. The eylinder on the spar is. (ong) and (wide) than the fone on the sea star. 2 Oil companies use spar platforms in (Geep) waters in the wort. 3. The ocean is too (deep) for the fixed platform or the compliant tower, 4 The spar is. (trong) and. (flexible) of all the platforms. 5 The fixed platform is ____ flexible) of all the platforms. 6 The spar platform is too long) for the shallow waters near the coast. Moditying comparisons ‘We can make comparisons etonger or weaker by using ‘mealies botore the adjective. To make them stronger, we ‘can use a fot, much ofr. To make them weaker, we can use ata, abit o slighty. ‘Spar plats go much deeper then rec lator. Fixed pattorms are slightly smaller than compliant platforms. 5 Complete this article with the correct form of the words in brackets and appropriate modifiers. The minimum facilities platform (MFP) ‘The MFP isa small platform with no permanent crew (easy) than on the spar. However, ithas (6) —____ ‘and remote operation. Itis (3) (light) than (fen) wellheads and produces (7) (litle) ‘thesparand operates in(2)—___(shallow) __ollthan the spar. A maximum of 12 crew members can waters. Thelegs of the MFP are 3)____(short) __stayoon the MFP platform. The spar platform is one of and are (4). (cheap) to build than the the (8), (large) platforms in the world and cylinder ofthe spar. llthe MFPwellheads are onthe can operatein the (9). (deep) waters in the platform, while the spar wellheads are sub-sea. This world. nthe other hand, the MFPis one of the ‘means that ol production onthe MFPs (5) (10) (economical) platforms in the word. ‘Minimum facilities | Spar plattorm platform (MFP) 1 Depth of wator 15-100 "700-3,000 m| 2 Capacity 15,000 bp? ‘55,000 bpd 3. Weight of dock 1,000 tons 17,000 ons 4 Number of welheads | 6 20 5 Crew capacity 2 10 © Length of support | legs: 15-100m | eylinder: 280m (same as sea) cables: 1,000 m "Ppa = bans por doy Writing 6 Rewrite the article in S so that the spar platform is the focus. Start like this: The spar is much heavier than the MFP and operates in much deeper waters The blowout preventer Listening 1 BEZELE Listen to this speaker. What is a blowout? 2. Listen again. Label this diagram with the words in the box. BOP =biowout Prevener wading 3 Read the article about BOPS and match grams AC 0 gaps annular BOP blind ram BOP shear ram BOP 4-H ct pipe ‘The annular BOP (1) (__) forms a seal in the annular space (or annulus) between the drill pipe and the ‘casing ofthe wellbore. In this type of valve, the seal is ‘made of elastomer (or elastic polymer) and is ring shaped. The seals mechanically squeezed inwards to ‘lose the annulus. The btind ram BOP (2) (_) has ‘two steel plates which move together like gates and ‘seal the complete well hole. The sealing surfaces ofthe steel plates have elastomer components. Blind rams ‘cannot be used when there sa drill string inthe welt hole In this situation, either the annular BOP or the shear rams are used. Shear rams (3) (—) have two steel blades which move together and close the welt hhole by cutting through the drill pipe. The section of rill pipe is destroyed but the rest ofthe dil string is ‘unharmed by the shear rams. When the well hole or annulus is completely close the drilers begin the kil operation. This procedure designed to stop the well from flowing.

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