unit -1 BCONOMIC OPERATION OF POWER SYSTEMS 1.1 Optimal operation f Generstos ‘The optimal matem operation involve! the conection of economy. of Tes get techy optima eases of water a ho eneraion Peery eTmcin iin she economy ot operation probler” fhe ‘oral cent genea ‘wer at anus fe aia Set eal ond ht lomeee ur the wonamiacon ca The Seating craton ony iso ale the econ dipaten prabl Fao freer of hye plan which operate comune wth thera Fae ear thee ie neshgbe operating com at hyde plant: tere EST eal a ree pid of tie seh mom SET oe amu fel wrth term lan eonomy of operation a natraiy predominant n determining allocation Beene Pes each aumon fr arous spate Ind lees, The fat oer etter called the unit commitment (UC) probe "ied the ion acecling (3) problem Us Mt ethan, herein i i reqlred trace opal ot of ree Feerting sources to eperte treet the expected lad gente ec as Sorting Cs eye Mches Beno te, nomi cette sts unona te eating we Theie RISseT en the ayaa tm nach manner a8 Co namie te Stat ping the mine = to.” mine reuirrenta of the ‘onomic lad dnpatch problem i ely the sation of larger cia Srosciasand cheering the one which w optimal nthe sense apart on ema bat depends apan th SeerangLL ———————— ren pen an ent Sa tatnemates! madeting of ud frequency control of 2 ere s7stem: ‘ower canomited from te arth 1 ia iven by Tet earen te ‘nts $s: 00 pee atte or incremental changes 6 a ciaten machines af he wo ce, he incremental e ne power Seemmeeecd ws “Sh (oud = Te AB Al) tt) a e me Pe igure 42 et I at = ong cnn ryt aps ore : seein nang ented eye nmet 2 Be forsee = for tang nang es bape th eps cng nee apes Tol int ~ JG) a an fafa oe MD ttt renee ney change 18.2 respi JARRE oer Cinomtetrom beara ements 2 LM ae nt or nermenn hiss in and iene ese pe Toa tt “change in angle canbe expresed ws the integral change i eqns) share ven By ha a= Bata | [bail te tne pomer ea veer t= NEEM ci “RI m sempre nie sin fa HE ey ma att ov quan svar uny ane t eat ee ema rt arom = 3488 BA ha) 3 aPa(8)=APons) AP) = AS APS) AFIS) -walee] a in a si] a SFs5) = APs) APS) Ae 1 welten a8) weet keer uoated convo ares cas, te only sange the apperance of he ‘gnh ance) 98 son fire 3.2 |1. Tee gern und 280 ad 800 ar operating in pail Te [pperatare are operating at 0 ie at no iad, ow would led 730 fiatbe sharca, What & the nyetm Uequariy™ Aosme re goer 2 Tove gers aed 10,200 and 200 reget sei lied percent repoluton parameters espeevely epcereed i terme of thaw eapective fangs, if une tequency drops by 05 determine te IBGE reuse each ne expreaed a mega 3. Foran ated omer sate, the olloning spatern Nomina operating tad = SD WW ‘ati eee 50 tt Speed tepuaton ofthe permor= 25 He Pa MW the tad would inerease per unit for t percent equency increase find the sai frequency change or the uncantaied care when the fa Ieincreared by TOM 4.1 Load frequency control of 2~aten system: In the single = aren cate me ould thus represent the frequency deviations by the sole varabe in Ge peeve ens usu euch ‘Hen individual song. and hating them interconnected keg wk = ‘Stake ine therfore fends un the eamumpton that the Besuency ‘evialons isthe tg eas can be represented y two sarabie 26d ihn ‘extendnd power system! can be divided into number of fequeney contol wees interconnected by mesos of eine. Conair fo areu case connected bys singe te line aa tara figure 8 1 oa eS Assumed tha ah cone ab een a gun te {enerator and ebvecnor sya. Sywiolo used wih sue Teles Yo area, ‘Nun thon nth wus 3 Fete owen 2” ‘oad tequency fechasine has (0 Zo manta te frequency atthe schedled vate and that thete | Teeen sata ane (Gj) Tosegulat the feline power su otr are arangement In lsoated contol aren, he diflerence between (AP AP) | ‘teounted aa changin stted energy tn eal power demand ofthe ‘Secounted fr the seremental power lance equation i ach s