ABSTRACT

The Mentioned project is based on the world’s most powerful Intel controller 8051. Most
of the services provided in today’s world are voice interactive, you call up your bank and
computerized voice will speak to you, and guide you to enter a particular number from your
phone to get the desired service. This service is only available through the fast speed computers
and having huge amount of memory. We implemented interactive service for industrial
applications.

You can switch on/off devices using your mobile phone or land line phone eight numbers
loads can be connected to the eight relay provided. Not only you can switch on /off devices it
will also dial out a telephone number in case of security threat or any safety or protection
parameters goes beyond safety limit.

This project could be used to control or switch on any process control machinery where
all functions are automatic. Electric grid could be controlled remotely. Or automatic production
machinery could be controlled even during odd hours with your mobile phone.

SAFETY FEATURES OF THIS SYSTEM:-

Suppose there is fire at the machinery space; this device will switch off the machinery
first and then make an emergency call on your phone. The device will make five emergency calls
at the interval of one minute and again monitor for the previous status. If the smoke have
subsided then the device will not call further, otherwise it will make another 5 calls.

In case of any of the above, for ex. temperature of the machinery has gone beyond safety
limit, the device will first switch off the plant and dials out the presorted telephone number and
delivers the emergency message. It will dial out foe five times at the interval of one minute and
again monitor the parameters, and if the parameters are not within limit again it will dial out.
This cycle will repeat until the parameters become normal.
 INDEX
1. INTRODUCTION:-…...................................................................................1
1.1 HISTORY:-......................................................................................................................1

1.2 CURRENT SCENARIO:- ...............................................................................................2

2. VARIOUS METHODS FOR IMPLEMENTATION:-..................................3

3. BLOCK DIAGRAM:-……........................................................................... 4
3.1 TELEPHONE CONNECTION:- .....................................................................................5

3.2 RING DETECTOR CIRCUIT:- ......................................................................................6

3.2.1 BRIDGE RECTIFIER CIRCUIT: - ..............................................................................6

3.2.2 OPTOCOUPLER IC MCT2E:- ....................................................................................6

3.3 WATCH TIMER IC 4047 AND NAND GATE IC 7400:- .............................................7

3.3.1 IC 7400 (NAND GATE):- ..........................................................................................10

3.4 DTMF DECODER IC 8870:- ........................................................................................10

3.5 OFF-HOOK RELAY OPERATION:-...........................................................................12

3.6 AUTO DIALING RELAY:- ..........................................................................................16

3.7 MICROCONTROLLER 89C51:-..................................................................................16

3.8 SPEECH CIRCUIT IC AP89042:- ................................................................................19

3.9 AMPLIFIER CIRCUIT IC LM386:- .............................................................................21

3.10 SERIAL EPROM IC 93C46:-......................................................................................22

3.11 POWER SUPPLY CIRCUIT IC 7805:- ......................................................................23

3.12 SENSOR:-....................................................................................................................23

3.13 ALGORITHM/FLOWCHART:- .................................................................................24

4. CIRCUIT DIAGRAM:-...............................................................................25
4.1 DETAILED CIRCUIT DISCRIPTION:- ......................................................................26

4.2 OPERATION:- ..............................................................................................................30

4.2.1 NORMAL ON /OFF MODE:-....................................................................................30

4.2.2 PASSWORD CHANGE:-...........................................................................................31

4.2.3 TELEPHONE NUMBER CHANGE:- .......................................................................31

5. APPLICATION AND FUTURE EXTENSION:-........................................32

5.1 APPLICATION:- ......................................................................................................32

5.2 FUTURE EXTENSION:- ..............................................................................................32

6. CONCLUSION:-…………………………………………………..............33
6.1 ADVANTAGES:- .....................................................................................................33

6.2 DISADVANTAGES:-...............................................................................................33

7. APPENDIX:-…............................................................................................34

 PCB LAYOUT..............................................................................................................34

 LIST OF COMPONENTS:- .........................................................................................35

 BILL OF MATERIALS................................................................................................36

 WORK PHOTOGRAPHS ............................................................................................39

 REFRENCES................................................................................................................41
 LIST OF FIGURE

Figure 3.1 BLOCK DIAGRAM OF IVRS SYSTEM ...............................................................4

Figure3.2 TELEPHONE LINE WITH ADSL SPLITTER........................................................5

Figure 3.3 BRIDGE RECTIFIER ..............................................................................................6

Figure 3.4 OPTOCOUPLER IC MCT2E ..................................................................................6

Figure 3.5 WATCHDOG TIMER IC HEF4047B .....................................................................7

Figure 3.6 FUNCTIONAL BLOCK DIAGRAM OF WATCHDOG TIMER IC .....................8

Figure 3.7 NAND GATE IC 7400...........................................................................................10

Figure 3.8 PIN DIAGRAM OF DTMF DECODER IC 8870 ................................................10

Figure 3.9 BASIC CALL PROCESS: ON-HOOK.................................................................13

Figure 3.10 BASIC CALL PROCESS: OFF-HOOK ..............................................................13

Figure 3.11 BASIC CALL PROCESS: DIALING..................................................................14

Figure 3.12 BASIC CALL PROCESS: SWITCHING ...........................................................14

Figure 3.13 BASIC CALL PROCESS: RINGING ................................................................15

Figure 3.14 BASIC CALL PROCESS: TALKING................................................................15

Figure 3.15 MICROCONTROLLER IC 89C51.....................................................................16

Figure 3.16 SPEECH IC AP89042 ..........................................................................................19

Figure 3.17 AMPLIFIER CIRCUIT IC LM386 .......................................................................21

Figure 3.18 LM386 DRIVER SPEAKER.................................................................................21

Figure 3.19 VOLTAGE REGULATOR IC 7805………….....................................................23

Figure 3.20 VOLTAGE REGULATOR IC 7805 ....................................................................23

Figure 3.21 POWER SUPPLY CIRCUIT ...............................................................................23

Figure 3.22 FLOW CHART ....................................................................................................24

Figure 4.1 CIRCUIT DIAGRAM OF IVRS SYSTEM…………...........................................25

Figure 7.1 PCB LAYOUT OF IVRS SYSTEM…………………...........................................34

 LIST OF TABLE

Table 3.1 KEY TONE AND OUTPUT LOGIC OF IC 8870..................................................11

Table 3.2 PIN DESCRIPTION OF PORT 3 OF MICROCONTROLLER IC 89C51 ............18

Table 3.3 IC 93C46 PIN NUMBER AND DESCRIPTION…………………………………22

Table 7.1 LIST OF COMPONENT .........................................................................................35

Table 7.1 BILL OF MATERIALS...........................................................................................36

 INTRODUCTION

1. INTRODUCTION:-

1.1 HISTORY:-

Research in speech technology predated the advent of digital computers. It began with
a speech synthesis project at Bell Labs in 1936 that resulted in a device called "The Voder"
which was demonstrated at the 1939 World’s Fair.

In 1961, Bell System developed a new tone dialing methodology. Bell unveiled the
first telephone that could dial area codes using DTMF technology at the Seattle World Fair in
1962. DTMF telephones enabled the use of in-band signaling, i.e., they transmit audible tones
in the same 300 Hz to 3.4 KHz range occupied by the human voice. The blueprint for IVR
was born.

Despite the increase in deployment of IVR technology in the 1970s to automate tasks
in call centers, the technology was still complex and expensive. Early speech recognition
systems were DSP technology based, and were limited to small vocabularies. However, by
the 1980s a number of new competitors entered the market and uptake of IVR technology
started to increase. As speech recognition software developed the technology changed from
DSP to a client/server architecture.

As call centers began to migrate to multimedia in the late 1990s, companies started to
invest in Computer Telephony Integration (CTI) with IVR systems. IVR became vital for call
centers deploying universal queuing and routing solutions and acted as an agent which
collected customer data to enable intelligent routing decisions.

In the subsequent decade, speech recognition started to become more common and
cheaper to deploy. This was due to increased CPU power.

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 INTRODUCTION

1.2 CURRENT SCENARIO:-

This is live project .In HBI PLANT, there are four furnace for prepare hot briquetted
sponge iron in these furnace. They melt raw material of steel at 1200°c. During this process,
there is variation in temperature. It is necessary to maintain temperature or to control the
temperature. This project help them to when the temperature is goes beyond the limit, this
system inform them and call the authorized person automatically and call them till the system
become normal. We are also control pressure and smoke by using pressure and smoke sensor.
They also on/off the channel using this system and using this system, they also know the
status of the channel.

Now a day’s other common IVR services include:

 Mobile — Pay-As-You-Go account funding; registration; mobile purchases, such as
ring tones and logos
 Banking — balance, payments, transfers, transaction history
 Retail & Entertainment — orders, bookings, credit & debit card payments
 Travel — ticket booking, flight information, check-in
 Weather forecasts, water, road and ice condition

IVR systems are typically used to service high call volumes, reduce cost and improve
the customer experience. Examples of typical IVR applications are telephone banking,
televoting, and credit card services. Companies also use IVR services to extend their business
hours to 24/7 operation.

Call centers use IVR systems to identify and segment callers. The ability to identify
customers allows services to be tailored according to the customer profile. The caller can be
given the option to wait in the queue, choose an automated service, or request a callback (at a
suitable time and telephone number). The system may obtain caller line identification (CLI)
data from the network to help identify or authenticate the caller. This is currently available
for about 80% of inbound calls Additional caller authentication data could include account
number, personal information, password and biometrics (such as voice print).

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 VARIOUS METHODS FOR IMPLEMENTATION

2. VARIOUS METHODS FOR IMPLEMENTATION:-

We can implement this project by using various methods as below:

1. By using mobile phone:-

In our project we use land line phone this project will also implement by using
mobile phone. By use of mobile phone, complexity of circuit is less. But tower
problem and battery problem is occur in mobile handset. So we use landline
telephone.

2. Device control through PC:-

In this system device is on/off by using the pc, but this system is used for only
short distance and it provide less mobility then IVRS system.

3. Device control using landline without IVRS system:-

In this project IVRS system is not used so we can not interact with the system
easily, but only switch on/off the devices using this system. And also it not
provides the safety and security for the device.

4. Device control using landline with IVRS system:-

Now by using the landline with IVRS system we can control device from
anywhere and it provide safety as well as security.

Technology Used By IVRS:-

DTMF decoding and speech recognition are used to interpret the caller's response
to voice prompts. DTMF tones are entered via the telephone keypad.

Other technologies include using Text-To-Speech (TTS) to speak complex and

dynamic information, such as e-mails, news reports or weather information. TTS is
computer generated synthesized speech that is no longer the robotic voice traditionally
associated with computers. Real voices create the speech in fragments that are spliced
together (concatenated) and smoothed before being played to the caller.

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 BLOCK DIAGRAM

3. BLOCK DIAGRAM:-

RELAY 1
TEL WDT
RELAY 2
DRIVER
CIRCUIT RELAY 3

RING RELAY 4
DETECTOR
RELAY 5

OFF-HOOK 8051 SERIAL

CIRCUIT MICRO EPROM
CONTROLLER

DTMF
DECODER
SPEECH IC

AUTO
DIALER

AMPLIFIRE
SPK

SENSORS

Figure 3.1 BLOCK DIAGRAM OF IVRS SYSTEM

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 BLOCK DIAGRAM

PROJECT HAS THE FOLLOWING BLOCKS:-

 Telephone connection
 Ring detector circuit comprise of bridge rectifier and optocoupler IC MCT2E
 Watchdog timer IC 4047 comprise of IC 7400(NAND GATE)
 DTMF decoder IC 8870
 Off-hook relay
 Auto dialing relay
 Microcontroller AT89C51
 Speech circuit IC AP89042, where all the messages are stored
 Amplifier circuit IC LM386
 Serial EPROM IC AT93C46
 Power supply circuit IC 7805
 Sensor

3.1 TELEPHONE CONNECTION:-

Figure3.2 TELEPHONE LINE WITH ADSL SPLITTER

We are use fixed telephone Connection. In this telephone, there are two ports. One for
main connection and other for data input/output port. In this second port, we connect our
connector of the system. We can give input to our system using this port through our
telephone or mobile and also receive response of our system.

ADSL splitter is used to split the main telephone line in to two different line, one for
telephone and another for the circuit of IVRS system.

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3.2 RING DETECTOR CIRCUIT:-

It detects ringing signal using following circuit:-

3.2.1 Bridge rectifier circuit
3.2.2 Optocoupler

3.2.1 BRIDGE RECTIFIER CIRCUIT: -

Figure 3.3 BRIDGE RECTIFIER

Bridge rectifier is an arrangement of four diodes in a bridge configuration that

provides same polarity of o/p voltage for either polarity of I/p voltage. Ringing signal is
around 70v to 75v is rectified by the bridge rectifier circuit. For most common application, it
is used for conversion of a.c I/p into d.c o/p, it is known as bridge rectifier.

3.2.2 OPTOCOUPLER IC MCT2E:-

Figure 3.4 OPTOCOUPLER IC MCT2E

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 BLOCK DIAGRAM

Optocoupler or optoisolator is a device that uses a short optical transmission path to

transfer a signal between element of circuit, typically transmitter and receiver, while keeping
them electrically isolated, since the signal goes from electrical signal to optical signal and
back to electric signal, electric contact along the path is broken. With the ringing signal,
LED inside the optocoupler will glow and light will fall on the base of the transistor. Emitter
is connected to ground.

3.3 WATCH TIMER IC 4047 AND NAND GATE IC 7400:-

Figure 3.5 WATCHDOG TIMER IC HEF4047B

The watchdog timer is an IC that monitors the microcontroller, and resets it when
running away. Ricoh watchdog timers are implemented with the voltage detector; therefore,
they can reset the microcontroller by the detection dropping of the voltage.

Astable operation is enabled by a HIGH level on the ASTABLE input. The period of
the square wave at O and O outputs is a function of the external components employed.
‘True’ input pulses on the ASTABLE or ‘complement’ pulses on the ASTABLE input, allow
the circuit to be used as a gatable multivibrator. The OSCILLATOR OUTPUT period will be
half of the O output in the astable mode. However, a 50% duty factor is not guaranteed at this
output.

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 BLOCK DIAGRAM

In the monostable mode, positive edge-triggering is accomplished by applying a

leading-edge pulse to the + TRIGGER input and a LOW level to the TRIGGER input. For
negative edge-triggering, a trailing-edge pulse is applied to the TRIGGER and a HIGH level
to the + TRIGGER. Input pulses may be of any duration relative to the output pulse. The
multivibrator can be retriggered (on the leading-edge only) by applying a common pulse to
both the RETRIGGER and + TRIGGER inputs. In this mode the output pulse remains HIGH
as long as the input pulse period is shorter than the period determined by the RC components.

An external count down option can be implemented by coupling O to an external ‘N’

counter and resetting the counter with the trigger pulse. The counter output pulse is fed back
to the ASTABLE input and has a duration equal to N times the period of the multivibrator.

A HIGH level on the MR input assures no output pulse during an ON-power

condition. This input can also be activated to terminate the output pulse at any time. In the
monostable mode, a HIGH level or power-ON reset pulse must be applied to MR, whenever
VDD is applied.

Figure 3.6 FUNCTIONAL BLOCK DIAGRAM OF WATCHDOG TIMER IC

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 BLOCK DIAGRAM

Input includes + TRIGGER, -TRIGGER, ASTABLE ,ASTABLE ,RETRIGGER and

MR (Master reset).Buffered output are O, Ō, And OSCILLATOR OUTPUT, in all modes of
operation an external capacitor (Ct) must be connected CTC and RCTC, and external resistor
(Rt) must be connected between RTC and RCTC.

General features:
 Monostable (one-shot) or astable (free-running) operation
 True and complemented buffered outputs
 Only one external R and C required

Monostable multivibrator features:

 Positive- or negative-edge triggering
 Output pulse width independent of trigger pulse duration
 Retriggerable option for pulse-width expansion
 Long pulse width possible using small RC components by means of external
counter provision
 Fast recovery time essentially independent of pulse width
 Pulse-width accuracy maintained at duty cycles approaching 100%

Astable multivibrator features:

 Free-running or gatable operating modes
 50% duty cycle
 Oscillator output available

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 BLOCK DIAGRAM

3.3.1 IC 7400 (NAND GATE):-

Figure 3.7 NAND GATE IC 7400

It is also called inverter IC, it converts low I/p into high o/p and vice versa. It is two
I/p and one o/p ic. It supports IC 4047 that is watchdog timer IC. When bell rings, collector
of the optocoupler IC will go low is connected to pin no 12 and pin no 13 of the IC 7400 and
NAND gate IC o/p at pin no 11 become high is connected to pin no 8 and pin no 12 of the
watchdog timer IC. So pin no 10 of watchdog timer IC will go high and it become
communication on.

3.4 DTMF DECODER IC 8870:-

Figure 3.8 PIN DIAGRAM OF DTMF DECODER IC 8870

This circuit detects the dial tone from a telephone line and decodes the keypad pressed
on the remote telephone.

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 BLOCK DIAGRAM

The dial tone we heard when we pick up the phone set is call Dual Tone Multi-
Frequency, DTMF in short. The name was given because the tone that we heard over the
phone is actually make up of two distinct frequency tone, hence the name dual tone. The
DTMF tone is a form of one way communication between the dialer and the telephone
exchange.

The 8870 is a full DTMF receiver that integrates both band split filter and decoder
functions into a single 18- pin DIP or SOIC package. Manufactured using CMOS process
technology, the 8870 offers low power consumption (35mW max) and precise data handling.
Its filter section uses switched capacitor technology for both the high and low group filters
and for dial tone rejection. Its decoder uses digital uses digital counting techniques to detect
and decode all 16 DTMF tone pairs into a 4-bit code. 4-bir code o/p is available at pin no 11,
12, 13, 14(q1 to q4). Every new byte available on these four pins will be indicated by a low
going pulse at pin no 15 of this IC

Detection of dial tones is reflected on the bit TOE, while the output Q4 , Q3 , Q2 , Q1
indicate the dial tone that is being detected on the telephony system. A complete table of the
decoded digital output for individual dial tone is available in the coming section

OUTPUT
LOGIC
Key tone Q4 Q3 Q2 Q1
1 0 0 0 1
2 0 0 1 0
3 0 0 1 1
4 0 1 0 0
5 0 1 0 1
6 0 1 1 0
7 0 1 1 1
8 1 0 0 0
9 1 0 0 1
0 1 0 1 0
* 1 0 1 1
# 1 1 0 0
A 1 1 0 1
B 1 1 1 0
C 1 1 1 1
D 0 0 0 0

Table 3.1 KEY TONE AND OUTPUT LOGIC OF IC 8870

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Features:-
 Low power consumption
 Adjustable Acquisition and Release Times
 Central Office Quality and Performance
 Power-down and Inhibit Modes
 Inexpensive 3.58MHz time base
 Single 5 volt power supply
 Dial Tone Suppression

Application:-
 Telephone switch equipment
 Remote data entry
 Paging systems
 Personal computers

3.5 OFF-HOOK RELAY OPERATION:-

Before making any call, we need to lift up the handset, this process is known as off-
hook. To understand off-hook operation, first we need to study basic call progress. Basic call
progress is divided into six phases:-
 ON-HOOK
 OFF-HOOK
 DIALING
 RINGING
 TALKING

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 BLOCK DIAGRAM

Now we discuss all the six phases with the help of figure

Figure 3.9 BASIC CALL PROCESS: ON-HOOK

When the handset resets on the cradle, circuit is on-hook. In other words, before a
phone call is initiated, the telephone set is in a ready condition waiting for a caller to pick up
its handset. This state is called on-hook. In this state, the 48v D.C. circuit from the telephone
set to the CO switch is open. The CO switch contains the power supply for this DC circuit.
The power supply located at the CO switch prevents a loss of telephone service when the
power goes out at the location of the telephone set. Only the ringer is active when the
telephone is in this position.

Figure 3.10 BASIC CALL PROCESS: OFF-HOOK

The off-hook phase occurs when the telephone customer decides to make a phone
call and lifts the handset from the telephone cradle. The switch hook closes the loop between
the CO switch and the telephone set and allows current to flow. The CO switch detects this
current flow and transmits a dial tone (350 and 440hertz [Hz] tones played continuously) to
the telephone set.

This dial tone signals the customer can begin to dial. There is no guarantee that the
customer could have to wait for a dial tone. The access capacity of the CO switch used
determines how soon a dial tone only after the switch has reserved registers to store the
incoming address. Therefore, the customer cannot dial until a dial tone is received. If there is
no dial tone, then the registers are not available.

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 BLOCK DIAGRAM

Figure 3.11 BASIC CALL PROCESS: DIALING

The dialing phase allows the customer to enter a phone number of a telephone at
another location. The customer enters this number with either a rotary phone that generates
pulses or a touch-tone phone that generates tones. These telephones use two different types of
address signaling in order to notify the telephone company where a subscriber calls: dual tone
multi frequency (DTMF) dialing and pulse dialing. These pulses or tones are transmitted to
the CO switch across a two-wire twisted-pair cable (tip and ring lines).

Figure 3.12 BASIC CALL PROCESS: SWITCHING

In the switching phase, the CO switch translates the pulses or tones into a port
address that connects to the telephone set of the called party. This connection could go
directly to the requested telephone set (for local calls) or go through another switch or several
switches (for long-distance calls) before it reach its final destination.

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 BLOCK DIAGRAM

Figure 3.13 BASIC CALL PROCESS: RINGING

Once the CO switch connects to the called line, the switch sends a 20-Hz 90v signal
to this line. This signal rings the phone of the called party. While ringing the phone of the
called party, the CO switch sends an audible ring-back tone to the caller. This ring-back lets
the caller know that ringing occurs at the called party. The CO switch transmits 440 and 480
tones to the caller phone in order to generate a ring-back. These tones are played for a
specific on time and off time. If the called party phone is busy, the CO switch sends a busy
signal to the caller. This busy signal consists of 480 and 620Hz tones.

Figure 3.14 BASIC CALL PROCESS: TALKING

In the talking phase, the called party hears the phone ringing and decides to answer.
As soon as the called party lifts the handset, an off-hook phase starts again, this time on the
opposite end of the network. The local loop is closed on the called party side, so current starts
to flow to the CO switch. This switch detects current flow and completes the voice
connection back to the calling party. Now, voice communication can start between both ends
of this connection.

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3.6 AUTO DIALING RELAY:-

In this project, Relay RL2 is a dial relay it, contact are in series with the telephone
line. Contacts make break is the principle of dialing, as it was used in olden days with round
dial type telephone handsets., if you want to dial ‘5’ just break the contacts 5 times. To dial
‘0’, you will have to break the contact ten times. This type of dialing is known as pulse
dialing. By making breaking the contacts we send the series of pulses to exchange, there
should be at least one second gap between two numbers. After off-hook operation, auto
dialing operation is start.

3.7 MICROCONTROLLER 89C51:-

Figure 3.15 MICROCONTROLLER IC 89C51

“IT IS A 8-BIT MICROCONTROLLER WITH 4K BYTE FLASH”

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Features:-

 compatible with MCS-51TM Products

 4K Bytes of in-system Reprogrammable Flash Memory
 Endurance: 1,000 Write? erase cycle
 Fully Static Operation: 0Hz to 247 MHz
 128 *8 bit Internal Ram
 32 Programmable I/O Lines
 Two 16-Bit Timer/Counters
 Six Interrupt Sources and programmable serial channel

The AT89C51 is a low power; High-performance CMOS 8-bit microcomputer with

4K bytes of flash programmable and erasable read only memory (PEROM). The device is
manufactured using Atmel’s high-density nonvolatile Memory technology and is compatible
with the industry-standard MCS-51 instruction set and pin out. The on-chip flash allows the
program memory to be reprogrammed in-system or by a conventional nonvolatile memory
programmer. By combining a versatile 8-bit CPU with flash on a monolithic chip, the Atmel
AT89C51 is a powerful microcomputer which provides a highly –flexible and cost-effective
solution to many embedded control application.

Port 0 is an 8-bit open –drain bi-directional I/O Port. As an output port, each pin can
sink eight TTL inputs. When 1s are written to port 0 pins, the pins can be used as high
impedance inputs. Post during accesses to external program and data memory. In this mode
P0 has internal pull-ups. Port 0 also receives the code byte during flash programming and
outputs the code bytes during program verification. External pull-ups are required during
program verification. All the relays are connected at port 0 through driver circuit.

Port 1 is an 8 bit bi-directional I/O port with internal pull-ups. The port 1 output
buffers can sink/source four TTL inputs. When 1’s are written to port 1 pins they are pulled
high by the internal pull-ups and can be used as inputs. As inputs, port 1 pins that are
externally being pulled low will source current (IIL) because of the internal pull-ups. Port 1
also receives the low-order address bytes during flash programming and verification.

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 BLOCK DIAGRAM

Port 2 is an 8-bit bi-directional I/O port with internal pullups. The port 2 output
buffers can sink/source four TTL inputs. When 1’s are written to port 2 pins they are pulled
high by the internal pullups and can be used as inputs. As inputs, port 2 pins that are
externally being pulled low will source current (IIL) because of the internal pullups.

Port 2 emits the high-order address byte during fetches from external program
memory and during accesses to external data memory that uses 16-bit addresses (MOVX @
DPTR). In this application, it uses strong internal pull-ups when emitting 1s. During accesses
to external data memory that uses 8-bit addresses (MOVX @ R1), port 2 emits the contents
of the p2 special function register. Port 2 also receive the high-order address bits and some
control signals during flash programming and verification.

Port 3 is an 8-bit bi-directional I/O port with internal pullups. The port 3 output
buffers can sink/source four TTL inputs. When 1s are written to port 3 pins they are pulled
high by the internal pullups and can be used as inputs. As inputs, port 3 pins that are
externally being pulled low will source current (IIL) because of the pullups.

Port 3 also serves the functions of various special features of the AT89C51 as listed below

port pins Alternate functions

P3.0 RXD (serial input port)
P3.4 T0 (timer 0 external input)
P3.1 TXD (serial output port)
P3.2 INT0 (External interrupt 1)
P3.3 INT1 (External interrupt 0)
P3.5 T1 (timer 1 external input)
P3.6 WR (External data memory write strobe)
P3.7 RD External data memory read strobe)

Table 3.2 PIN DESCRIPTION OF PORT 3 OF MICROCONTROLLER IC 89C51

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3.8 SPEECH CIRCUIT IC AP89042:-

Figure 3.16 SPEECH IC AP89042

Ic4 is AP89042 one time programmable speech IC where all the messages has been
stored. It is active high triggered IC so initially all the pin logic connected from port 3 is kept
low through program, setting any of these pin to high logic, it will trigger the voice stored at
the location.

AP89042 is a high quality voice synthesizer with a capacity of 32 to 42 seconds. A

proprietary ADPCM algorithm is used. The audio message is stored in a 1024-Kbit on chip
EPROM.

The AP89042 eliminates the need of complicated circuitry in voice playback but Still
achieves high voice quality. Sounds such as human speech, animal sounds, musical sounds,
and even special sound effects can be synthesized. Devices can be cascaded to achieve longer
voice duration. Two devices can be configured in parallel in order to achieve signal mixing
without an external mixer allowing speeches to be mixed with background music synthesis
from two different chips.

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The instant programming nature of the AP89042 allows a very short production
turnaround time. There are no NRE charges that are usually required with conventional voice
ROMs. Users can now apply a voice synthesis function as an additional feature to their
products even when production volume is relatively small. It is also ideal for trial or
engineering prototyping. As a result, the initial investment is minimal and the risk in the
product development phase is reduced.

The AP89042 provides a wide voltage operating range from 3.0V to 6.0V. A pair of
PWM output pins. VOUT1 and VOUT2 provide direct drive to a buzzer. Voice quality from
a buzzer is comparable to speaker output and power consumption is much lower. A current
output pin COUT, enables the device to drive a speaker with a low cost NPN transistor. No
complex filtering or amplifier circuit is needed. An automatic ramp up/down function
eliminates the undesired noise at the end of playback. The SBT trigger pin can be
programmed to playback all 32 sections or sequentially from section 1 to 32. An. Two LED
drivers are available, flashing ON and OFF at approximately 3Hz intervals.

Following messages had been stored on speech IC that is useful in our project.
1. Please enter your password
2. press 1 for normal ON/OFF
3. Press 2 for password change
4. Press 3 for telephone number change
5. requested channel is ON
6. requested channel is OFF
7. Please enter your new password
8. Your password has been changed
9. Enter new telephone number
10. Your telephone number has been changed
11. Emergency, Emergency, Emergency, please come immediately

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 BLOCK DIAGRAM

3.9 AMPLIFIER CIRCUIT IC LM386:-

The LM386 is a low power amplifier IC it draws a minimal amount of current and has
an output of around 1/2 W. they are often used in low power amplification circuit such as in
toys and low cost audio equipment. The gain is internally set to 20 to keep external part count
low, but the additional of an external resistor and capacitor between pins 1 and 8 will increase
the gain to any value up to 200. The inputs are ground referenced while the output is
automatically biased to one half the supply voltages. The quiescent power drain is only 24
mill watts when operating from a 6 volt supply, making the LM386 ideal for battery
operating

Figure 3.17 AMPLIFIER CIRCUIT IC LM386

Voice from speech IC is coupled to LM 386 pin no 3 through coupling capacitor and
volume control resistor. Audio O/P from pin no 5 of LM386 drives a speakers through
capacitor

Figure 3.18 LM386 DRIVES SPEAKER

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 BLOCK DIAGRAM

3.10 SERIAL EPROM IC 93C46:-

Figure 3.19 SERIAL EPROM IC 93C46

In 93C46, we can store password and telephone number. Microcontroller compare

password with the 93C46.

 Low voltage and standard-voltage operation

 User selectable internal organization, word or byte
 3-wire serial interface
 2 MHz clock rate
 Self-timed write cycle (10 ms max)
 High-reliability, 1 million write cycles, 100 year data retention

Pin number Description

1 CS – chip select
2 SK – serial data clock
3 D1 – serial data input
4 D0 - serial data output
5 GND - ground
6 ORG – internal organization
7 NC – not connect
8 Vcc – positive power supply

Table 3.3 IC 93C46 PIN NUMBER AND DESCRIPTION

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 BLOCK DIAGRAM

3.11 POWER SUPPLY CIRCUIT IC 7805:-

Figure 3.20 VOLTAGE REGULATOR IC 7805

 Internal thermal overload protection

 No external component required
 Output current in excess of 1A
 Internal short circuit current limit
 Available in the aluminum TO-3 package

IC 7805 is regulator with heat sink to give 5 v supplies to the circuit. The power input
is 9v AC through a step down transformer. Circuit as shown below is give you how 7805
used as power regulator. Check the voltage at the O/P of the regulator; it should be perfectly
5v DC.

Figure 3.21 POWER SUPPLY CIRCUIT

3.12 SENSOR:-

Sensor is a device which sense parameter like temperature, smoke, fire, pressure etc.
in our project we are using five pin sensor connector. In this connector, we are connecting
three sensors. Last two pin of this connector is for supply and ground.

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 BLOCK DIAGRAM

3.13 ALGORITHM/FLOWCHART:-

Figure 3.22 FLOWCHART

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 CIRCUIT DIAGRAM

4. CIRCUIT DIAGRAM:-

Figure 4.1 CIRCUIT DIAGRAM OF IVRS SYSTEM

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 CIRCUIT DIAGRAM

4.1 DETAILED CIRCUIT DISCRIPTION:-

Telephone line is connected connector k1. Ringing signal is around 70v to 75 v is

rectified by the bridge rectifier circuit comprising of D5 to D8 and is further filtered and
stabilized by c19,r12 and d10 and fed to the ic9 an optocoupler MCT2E through r13. With
the ringing signal, led inside the optocoupler will glow and light will fall on the base of the
transistor .collector of the transistor is connected to the p3.3 and by default remains high.
Whenever light falls on the transistor, the transistor conducts and the collector will become
low, six to eight ringing bell will make this transistor to give out six to eight low going
pulses. P3.3 will count these pulses and this circuit is called ring detector circuit.

Microcontroller will make the pin P1.0 high which was initially kept low with the
program. Relay RL1 will become ON resistance R20, R21, and primary of the transformer
will come across the telephone line and exchange will understand that telephone handset has
been lifted and will disconnect the ringing signal and connect the voice line with the device.
Voltage across the telephone line will become 12vdc this circuit is called off-hook circuit.
Now since the device has lifted the hand set electronically.

The device is supposed to speak now. Ic4 is AP89042 one time programmable speech
IC where all the message has been stored. It is active high triggered IC so initially all the pin
logic connected from port 3 is kept low by program, setting any of these pin to high logic will
trigger the voice stored at that location. First message, the caller will receive ‘please enter
your password’ Caller will enter the password trough his key pad ,the password will reach
this circuit in DTMF format and would be connected to DTMF decoder IC 6 through
C23,C24,R22,R23,R24,R25and R26. 4bit binary output is available at pin no 11,12,13,14 Q1
to Q4 .Every new byte available on these pins will be indicated by a low going pulse at pin no
15 of this IC which is connected to P1.1 of the microcontroller.

Microcontroller will store all the bytes received from its port pins to a temporary
location in ram, till it receive the ‘#’ character. ‘# ’character IC like end of line character. The
microcontroller will read the password stored in the serial EPROM 93C46 and compare the
received password, if the password is matching it will proceed further otherwise it will
disconnect the telephone line by making P1.0 to low without any reply.

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 CIRCUIT DIAGRAM

OFF-HOOK operation:-

Before making any call we need to lift up the hand set this process is known as off-
hook. Before dialing any number microcontroller will make P1.0 pin no 1 to high logic
transistor Q1 will become ON, RELAY RL1 will close its contacts and R20,R21 ,C22 &
primary of the transformer TR1 will come across the telephone line and the exchange will
understand that, hand set is lifted , the device will get the dialing tone. Voltage at K1 should
be 12v dc, otherwise check for the above circuit for any dry solder or open circuit.

Dialing Operation: -

Relay RL2 is a dial relay its contacts are in series with the telephone line. Contact
make break is the principle of dialing, as it was used in olden days with round dial type
telephone handsets. If you want to dial ‘5’ just break the contacts 5 times. To dial ‘9’ break
the contact 9 times. Similarly for all the numbers, to dial ‘0’, you will have to break the
contact ten times. This type of dialing is known as pulse dialing. By making breaking the
contacts we send the series of pulses to exchange, there should be at least one second gap
between two numbers. Dial relay is driven by pin P1.6 through R28 and Q2.

IC7- 4047 we are using as timer IC, with no communication output of this IC at pin
no 10 will be low logic, and will keep the logic at P3.2 pin no 12 of the microcontroller to
logic low state during idle state. This pin will only become high during communication
period and should become low after 10 second once the communication is over. The timing is
decided by the component C20 and R15 resistor.

The internal timer starts the movement pin no 8, 12 gets high pulse second pulse must
be before 10 seconds. If the pulse do not arrive before 10 second, output at pin no 10 will
become low. So the caller must enter the next code through his key pad well before 10
seconds expires. This function is there with the all the telephone exchanges if you do not
press the key in time the dial tone gets disconnected. Same features are added here too. This
also helps to disconnect the telephone line from the circuit immediately once the
communication is over.R16 and C21 gives the required reset pulse to this IC.

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 CIRCUIT DIAGRAM

When bell rings, the collector of the IC 9 will go low, is also connected to pin no 12
and 13 of the IC8 7400 NAND gate IC, output at pin no 11 becomes high is connected to pin
no 8 and 12 of IC 7 through D15 resulting pin no 10 of IC 7 will go high .R14 connected to
pin number 8 and 12 is to keep the logic to low logic to avoid false triggering. This IC also
receives trigger pulse from IC6 through D17 from pin no 15 of IC6 as well as from
microcontroller pin P1.7 through D16. All three trigger point will keep the logic at pin no 10
of the IC 7 to high and will become low after 10 second from the last trigger pulse.LD2 LED
gives the visual effect of the communication and is driven by the transistors Q3, R18 and
R19.

Diode D11, D12 AND D18 TO D22 connected across the relay coils are protection
diode, they protects the circuits from the induced emf generated by relay coil during on- off
operation.D15, D16 & D17 are to avoid reverse biasing and false triggering.Vr1 connected to
ic4 is a sample rate adjust variable resistor. Vr2 is a volume control resistor. Voice from IC4
is coupled to IC 5 pin no 3 through C10 coupling capacitor, VR2 and R9. R4 and C11 are
tone corrector. Audio output from pin no 5 of the IC 5 drive a speaker through capacitor C15.
Output of the speaker points are also connected to the secondary of the matching transformer
TR1 so that caller can listen this voice message through telephone line.R10 and C14 are tone
corrector. Diode D13 and D14 connected across the transformer in back to back connection is
to maintain the impedance same in both the direction.

IC7- 4047 acts like watchdog timer, as long communication is going on, it does
nothing, the movement communication is over, its output at pin no 10 connected to pin p3.2-
int0 will interrupt the processor and processor will make the p1.0 low and disconnect
telephone line .The time to switch off the off- hook relay is decided by c20 and r15 connected
to IC 4047.transister Q3 drives the led LD2 to give visual indication of communication.

Transformer TR1 is 1:1 transformer (600:600) provides isolation between telephone

line and speech circuit. Port 0 is an output port where relays are connected IC 4 ap89042 is
one time programmable, addressable sound IC for complete details refer to its datasheets
attached Lm 386 ic4 is a sound amplifier an 8 ohm .5w speaker can be connected for testing
purpose, to its output at terminal provided. IC 7805 ic1 is regulator to give 5v supply to the
circuit the power input is 12v ac through a steeped down transformer. All relays are 12v type
and contact ratings are 7amp at 250volts.

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 CIRCUIT DIAGRAM

RELAY CIRCUIT:-

All the relays are connected to port 0. Port 0 is an open collector port so we have
to connect a pull-up resistor network to make all the pins to digital logic high pins. Then
through program we make them low, so all the relays are OFF initially.

All the relays are operated by 12v dc. Their contact rating is 7 amperes at 220vac. All
the transistors Q4 TO Q13 form the relay driver circuit. Each pair of transistor drives one
relay operation. Initially since we have connected pullups resistor on PORT 0, Q4, Q6, Q8,
Q10 will become ON and Q5, Q7, Q9, Q11 AND Q13 will remain OFF, and all the relays
will remain OFF.

If I need to switch ON relay RL3, We will make P0.0 to LOW by program CLR bit
P0.0. Q4 will become OFF and Q5 will receive High logic at its base through R35 and it will
become ON 12v Supply through relay coil will flow through Q5 and ground. Current will
flow and normally open contact will close, making contact between pin 1 and 2 of CON2
connector.

To switch OFF this relay, Make P0.0 to high by SETB instruction. LD3 TO LD7 is
relay ON/OFF indication. All the diodes connected across relay coils are for protection
purpose as mentioned earlier

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 CIRCUIT DIAGRAM

4.2 OPERATION:-

Call the IVRS system telephone number from another telephone number, LD2 will
blink. After six to eight rings, you will receive a voice, ‘please enter your password’. Don’t
start entering the password immediately, let the message be over, enter the default password,
‘123456#’ you will receive another voice,

A menu” (if your password entry is correct otherwise the device will disconnected
you without giving any reply similar to as we do on wrong number)
Press 1 for normal on off
Press 2 for password change
Press 3 for telephone number change
Press star (*) to listen this menu again.
You should enter your choice once the message is over.

If the password entered is correct. You can also change the password stored or the
telephone number change. This data stored goes into serial EPROM IC 93c46 that is non
volatile ram, in case power fails, the data is not lost
All relays can be switched on as follows

4.2.1 NORMAL ON /OFF MODE:-

1& 1 to switch on 1st relay

2&1 to switch on 2nd relay
5&1 to switch on fifth relay
9 & 1 to switch on all relays
Every time you will receive message “requested channel is on “
Similarly to ‘SWITCH OFF’ the relays
Press channel no and 0 say 1&0 will switch off 1st relay,
2&0 will switch off 2nd relay. 9&0 will switch off all relays
You will receive “requested channel is off’ message
If you want to know the status of the previously on/ off relays
Press channel number and 2, say 2&2 will message whether the channel 2 is on or off.

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 CIRCUIT DIAGRAM

4.2.2 PASSWORD CHANGE:-

If you want to change the password follow these steps

Dial this number from other line after six to eight bells you will receive message
“please enter your password”. (1,2,3,4,5,6 and #)so you enter your password and wait for the
message if you enter 2 then device will respond please enter new password.

When your password entry is over, press # after password entry indicates that your
entry is over and microcontroller will respond “your password has been changed’’ Keep the
handset back on the instrument from where you are calling. Next time when you dial, you
will have to enter your new password.

4.2.3 TELEPHONE NUMBER CHANGE:-

Dial this number from other line after six to eight bells you will receive message
“please enter your password”. (1,2,3,4,5,6 and #)so you enter your password and wait for the
message if you enter 2 then device will respond please enter please enter new telephone
number. When your password entry is over, press # after password entry indicates that your
entry is over and microcontroller will respond “your telephone number has been changed’’
All the sensor should be logic low active whenever any sensor is activated its output will
become low and port 2.4, P2.5, P2.6 will detect the pin low.

Following action takes place:-

1. All the loads connected on port 0 will be switched off
2. Emergency message will start.
3. Off hook relay will be activated.
4. Stored telephone number will be dialed out.
5. Emergency message will be delivered.
6. Telephone number will be dialed out five times at the interval of one minute.
7. After five dial out is over sensor will be rechecked if condition still exists again 5
redial will take place.
8. This process will continuous till the condition becomes normal or a person comes
and switch off the device.

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 APPLICATION AND FUTURE SCOPE

5. APPLICATION AND FUTURE SCOPE:-

5.1 APPLICATION:-

This could be used for verity of purposes where you want to control devices remotely.
Suppose you own a partnership company with three or more partners, your business require
you to travel frequently, you Have a several in your office and nobody else other then the
partners, should operate this server. At the same time you do not want to keep your sever
always on. In that case this device comes to your service. Only requirement for this device is
parallel telephone connection. And of course power supply. You can switch ON this sever by
dialing your office telephone number from anywhere in the world and security telephone
number, the number on you will like to receive emergency call from your office in case of
any security breach.

This is live project in ESSAR STEEL [HBI PLANT], there are four furnace for
prepare hot briquetted sponge iron in these furnace. They melt raw material of steel at
1200°c. During this process, there is variation in temperature. It is necessary to maintain
temperature or to control the temperature. This project help them to when the temperature is
goes beyond the limit, this system inform them and call the authorized person automatically
and call them till the system become normal. We are also control pressure and smoke by
using pressure and smoke sensor. They also on/off the channel using this system and using
this system, they also know the status of the channel.

5.2 FUTURE SCOPE:-

Future of interactive voice response system is very bright. Future of this project
depends upon IVRS system. In future, we can use this project as a security level. In this
project, we are using off-hook and auto dialing operation. This is required for security code
lock system. So we can modify this project and also implement the code lock system with
IVRS system.

In future, we can drive the boiler according to this project. Presently this project
provide safety level, but I future this provide security level. In every industry, safety and
security is two basic pillars and this project will provide safety and security. This project will
make industrial process more and easier.

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 CONCLUSION

6. CONCLUSION:-
This system provides safety and security which are most useful parameter for the
industry. By using this system, we can on/off the devices and also know status of the devices
from anywhere.

6.1 ADVANTAGES:-

1. Cost is less.
2. Provide security.
3. Provide safety.
4. Easy to operate.
5. Small in size.
6. Installation is easy.

6.2 DISADVANTAGES:-

1. At emergency condition, all the connected devices are ‘OFF’, whether it is faulty
or not.
2. If we connect sensor with four devices, and short circuit in emergency condition
the call is return back to us, but to identify which sensor point is sense the fault in
devices at industry side is difficult.
3. After emergency condition, without pressing the reset button, the devices can not
on/off normally.

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 APPENDIX

7. APPENDIX:-

 PCB LAYOUT

Figure 7.1 PCB LAYOUT OF IVRS SYSTEM

Page 34
 APPENDIX

 LIST OF COMPONENTS:-

COMPONENTS QUANTITY
RESISTORS 48
RESISTOR ARRAY 1
VARIABLE RESISTORS 2
RELAYS 7
CAPACITORS 27
DIODES 22
TRANSISTORS 13
ICS 9
CRYSTALS 2
MATCHING TRANSFORMER 1
MAIN TRANSFORMER 1
TELEPHONE CABLE 1
IC SOCKETS 8
SPEAKER 1
RESET SWITCH 1
CONNECTORS 8
HEAT SINK 1

Page 35
 APPENDIX

 BILL OF MATERIALS

RESISTOR 1/4W QUANTITY PRICE

10E- R10 1 1
47E-R20 1 1
150E-R4 1 1
330E-R21 1 1
390E-R18 1 1
470E-R13 1 1
560E-R11 1 1
1K-R1,R3,R9,R36,R39,R42,R45,R48 8 8
2K7-R17,R30,R31,R32,R33 5 5
4K7-R35,R38,R41,R44,R47 5 5
10K-R2,R19,R28,R29,R34,R37,R40,R43,R46 9 9
22K-R12 1 1
39K-R25 1 1
56K-R23 1 1
100K-R14,R22,R24,R26 4 4
270K-R27 1 1
470K-R5,R6,R7,R8 4 4
1M-R15 1 1
4M7-R16 1 1
RESISTOR ARRAY 10K SIP9 1 5
TOTAL 49 53

VARIABLE RESISTOR QUANTITY PRICE

VR1 MINIPOT -1M 1 2
VR2 MINIPOT -10K 1 2
TOTAL 2 4

RELAYS QUANTITY PRICE

RL1,RL2 – 5V 2 80
RL3 TO RL7-12V DC 5 100
TOTAL 7 180

Page 36
 APPENDIX

CAPACITORS QUANTITY PRICE

33PF - C5,C6 2 4
10KPF/275V – C23,C24 2 40
10KPF DISK – C9 1 2
100KPF DISK – 11 22
C3,C8,C10,C11,C12,C14,C16,C21,C25,C2
6,C27
100KPF/63V/POLY-C18,C22 2 4
4.7MF-C20 1 2
10MF-C4,C7,C13 3 6
22MF-C19 1 2
100MF-C2,C17 2 4
220MF-C15 1 2
1000MF-C1 1 2
TOTAL 27 90

DIODE QUANTITY PRICE

1N4007-D1 TO D4 4 8
1N4148-D5,D6,D7,D8,D11,D12,D15,D16 14 28
TO D22
3.3V ZENER -D9 1 2
5.1V ZENER-D13,D14 2 4
15V ZENER- D10 1 2
TOTAL 22 44

TRANSISTORS QUANTITY PRICE

547/548- Q1 TO Q13 13 39
TOTAL 13 39

IC QUANTITY PRICE
7805 1 10
89C51 1 60
93C46 1 20
AP89042 1 250
LM386 1 30
8870 1 20
4047 1 30
7400 1 15
MCT2E 1 35
TOTAL 9 470

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 APPENDIX

IC SOCKETS QUANTITY PRICE

40PIN 1 20
20PIN 1 15
18PIN 1 15
14PIN 2 15
8PIN 2 10
6PIN 1 10
TOTAL 8 85

OTHER COMPONENT QUANTITY PRICE

CRYSTAL X1- 11.059MHz 1 30
CRYSTAL X2- 3.579MHz 1 30
MATCHING TRANSFORMER TR1- 1 80
600Ω
2 PIN CONNECTORS- CON1 TO CON7 7 35
LEDs- LD1 TO LD7 7 5
BLANK PCB 1 110
MAKING PCB LAYOUT 1 300
MAIN TRANSFORMER- 9V/1Amp 1 35
TELEPHONE CABLE 1 40
SPEAKER-8Ω/1W 1 25
RESET SWITCH 2PIN 1 5
POWER CONNECTOR 1 20
HEAT SINK FOR 7805 1 10
TOTAL 25 725
TOTAL AMOUNT - 1690

Table 7.1 BILL OF MATERIALS

Page 38
 APPENDIX

 WORK PHOTOGRAPHS

Page 39
APPENDIX

Page 40
 APPENDIX

 REFRENCES:-

WEBSITES:-

http://www.wikipedia.org
http://www.howstuffworks.com/
http://www.kpsec.freeuk.com/
http://www.electronicrepairguide.com/
http://www.siongboon.com/
http://www.futurlec.com/

BOOKS:

“THE 8051 MICROCONTROLLER AND EMBEDDED SYSTEM”-

MUHAMMAD ALI MAZIDI, JANICE GILLISPIE MAZIDI, ROLIN D,
MCKINLAY

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