DESCRIPTION OF HUMNA BEHAVIOR

1. Human behavior is motivated.

Motivation – driving force behind all action of an organism.
2. Human behavior has multiple causes.
- Influenced by culture.
3. Human behavior can be adaptive and maladaptive.
 Human are social beings.
 Any people depend upon each other for survival.
 People need interaction.
4. People play an integral part in creating their experiences.
5. Human lives are continuous process of change.
6. Every person is different yet the same.
7. Individual is a unique person.

THEORETICAL APPROACHES ABOUT FACTORS THAT CAUSE, MAINTAIN, ALTER

BEHAVIOR AND MENTAL PROCESSES:

1. PSYCHODYNAMIC APPROACH
- Is based on the belief that childhood experiences greatly influence the development of
late personality traits and psychological problems. It also stresses the influence the
unconscious fears, desires and motivations on thoughts and behavior.
2. HUMANISTIC APPROACH
- Emphasizes that each individual has great freedom in directing his/her future, a large
capacity for personal growth, a considerable amount of intrinsic worth and enormous
potential for self-fulfillment.
3. BEHAVIORAL APPROACH
- Studies how organism learns new behavior or modify existing ones, depending on
whether events in their environment reward or punish these behaviors.
4. COGNITIVE APPROACH
- Examines how we process, store and use information and how this information
influences what we attend to, perceive, learn, remember, believe and feel.
5. BIOLOGICAL APPROACH
- Focuses on how genes, hormones and nervous system interact with the environment
to influence learning, personality, memory motivation, emotions at coping techniques.

THEORIES THAT EXPLAIN MOTIVATION TO HUMAN BEHAVIOR

HUMAN NEEDS THEORY BY MASLOW

1. PHYSIOLOGICAL NEEDS
- Need such as air, food, water, shelter, rest, sleep, activity and temperature
maintenance are crucial for survival.
2. SAFETY AND SECURITY NEEDS
- The need for safety has both physical and psychological aspects. The person needs to
feel safe both in the physical environment and in relationship.
3. LOVE AND BELONGING NEEDS
 - The third level includes giving and receiving affection, attaining a place in group and
maintaining the feeling of belonging.
4. SELF-ESTEEM NEEDS
- The individual needs both self-esteem.
5. SELF-ACTUALIZATION
- When the need for self-esteem is satisfied, the individual strived for self-
actualization, the innate need to develop one’s maximum potential and realize one’s
abilities and qualities.

PSYCHOANALYTIC THEORY BY SIGMUND FREUD

 This theory explained that human behavior is motivated by an inner force called the
human mind. This theory was introduced by Sigmund Freud.
 Sigmund Freud (1856 – 1939) was an Austrian physician who worked as an neurologist.
Early in his career, he used hypnosis to treat people with physical and emotional problem.
From his work with these patients, he began to conceptualize a theory of human behavior.
 Freud theorized that people have two basic instincts – SEXUAL and AGGRESSION.
These two basic instincts are not always socially acceptable. When people exhibit
behavior that is not acceptable, they often experience punishment, guilt and anxiety.
 Freud’s theory describes a conflict between a person’s instinctual needs for gratification
and the demands of society for socialization. For Freud, a person’s core tendency is to
maximize instinctual gratification while minimizing punishment and guilt.

IMPLICATION TO EDUCATION

Human behavior is a multi-faceted and dynamic field of study, requiring many points of
interrogation to yield insights. Learning processes lay the foundation for determining many of
our behaviors, although we are constantly changing in response to our environment.
Understanding our behavior is a tricky task, but one that we are getting ever closer to
accomplishing. Traditional methods of study have taught many things and now biometric can
lead the way.

References

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