BS 2910: 1986 [UDC 621.643.25 : 621.781.053. : 620.170.15 Qg British Standard Methods for - Radiographic examination of fusion welded ~ circumferential butt joints in steel pipes Méthodes d’examen radiographique des joints circonférentiels bout bout soudés par fusion dans les tuyauteries en acier Verfahren zur Durchstrahlungspriifung von schmelzgeschweiftten Stumpfrundnahten an Stahlrohren C Harem een GD ‘NO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAW esBS 2910 ; 1986 Foreword oO ‘This standard has been prepared under the direction of the Welding Standards Committee and is a revision of BS 2911 1973 which is withdrawn. fl It is essential to quote the technique number in addition to | ‘the BS number whenever this standard is used. Contrary to the 1973 edition, no distinction in technique is now made between ultrafine-grain and fine-grain film and the two types of film have been combined using the ‘technique number of the ultra-fine-grain film but descrip- ‘ively ‘ultra’ is no longer used. Although this has resulted in, 2 reduced number of techniques, the original technique ‘numbers have been retained. ‘The methods described in this standard are suitable for ail types of application but no requirement is given as to when 2 particular technique should be used although guidance is siven in a new appendix B. As so many factors affect the exposure time, minimum values have not boen specified ‘but are inoluded as guidance. The extent of radiographic examination that should be applied and standards of accep- tance are not specified as both of these aspects should be covered in the appropriate application standard or be agreed between the contracting parties. ‘This revision introduces ytterbium-169 and thutiura-170 ‘or the first time as gamma-ray sources, thus reducing the lower limit of thickness range covered by the standard t0 2 mm for both X-rays and gamma-rays ‘The explanatory information in appendix A has been retained to amplify and in some instances to give the reasons underlying what is stated in the standard, Some principles and background to flaw sensitivity have been introduced in a new appendix E. ‘Wolds in some pipe thicknesses can be examined with X-ay television fluoroscopic systems and although it has not yet seemed appropriate to produce a detailed standard for these naw methods, this revised standard is not intended O to preclude the use of such methods if the attainable 1 sensitivity values are acceptable to the contracting parties. thas been assumed in the drafting of this British Standard that the execution of its provisions is entrusted to appro- priately qualified and experienced people. I ‘Compliance with « British Standard does not of itt i confer immunity from legal obligations, 9Contents Pase Foreword Inside front cover ‘Committees responsible Back cover Method 1 Scope 2 2 Definitions 2 3 Approval of personnel 4 4 Techniques 4 5 Film type 4 8 Gammaray sources 6 7 Protection 6 8 Surface condition 6 9 Wald image location 6 10 denttiction of radiograph é 41 Marking 7 12 Density of radiograph 7 13 Image quality indicators 7 13.1 Seratvites 7 132 Location of 1a! 8 133. Nomber of Ils to be used 8 14 Intensitying soreons 8 15 Casertes 8 16 Objectflm aistance 8 17 Overlap of fim 2 18 Useful (diagnostic) length of weld to be ‘examined on each radiograph and number of films required 2 8 16 2 16 21 Viewing 6 22 Approved radiographic procedures 16 23 ‘Report ” 24 Examination with film ieside and source of radiation outside 7 24,1 Technique 1. X-rays using fine-grain alrect-ype film "7 24.2 Technique 3. X-rays using medium-speed directtype film "7 24,3 Technique 4. Gamma-rays using fine-grain dlrecttype film w 25 Examination with film outside and source of radiation inside 18 25.1 Technique 7. Xrays using fine-grain airecttype film 1 25.2 Technique 9. X-rays using medium-speed direct-type film 18 25.3 Technique 10. Gamm: 26 BS 2910: 1 using fine-grain directtype film Examination with film and source of radiation both outside 26.1. Technique 13. X-rays using fine-grain direct-type film 26.2 Technique 15. X-rays using medium-speed direct-type film 28.3 Technique 16. Gamma-ays using fine-grain direct-type film Appendices ‘A. Explanatory information on the techniques B Guide to choice of technique Alternative procedure for placement of 1 1D Example of record form for radiographic examination E Flaw sensitivity in radiography : principles and background Tables 1 Individual techniques 2 Minimum and maximum penetrated thicknesses for ‘gamma-ray sources 3 QI sensitivity values with 1Qls of types I end II with si le wall methods 4 Intensifying sereens Figures 1 Penetrated thicknesses 2 Double wall, single image method 3 4 10 " Double wall, double image method Minimum values of focusto-film distances with Xray source Minimum values of s.1.d. with gamma-ray source Minimum number of radiographs required with source outside, film inside to cover full circum- ferential weld ‘Minimum number of radiographs required with source offset inside, film outside to cover full circumferential weld Minimum number of radiographs required with source and film both outside to cover full circumferential weld Maximum X-ray tube voltage Source of radiation on centreline Source of radiation ofset 986 Page 8 19 9 19 20 3 14 15 ” 8 19