References

(i) Regulations & Recommended Practices:

U.S. Regulations

1 . 21 CFR Parts 808, 812, and 820 Medical Devices; Current Good Manufacturing Practices

(CGMP); Final Rule, Food and Drug Administration (7 October 1996)

2. 29 CFR 1910.1 19, Process Safety Management of Highly Hazardous Chemicals,

Occupational Safety & Health Administration (February 24, 1992)

3. 29 CFR 1910.252, Welding, Cutting, and Brazing, Occupational Safety & Health

Administration (September 29, 1986)

4. 40 CFR Part 68, Risk Management Programs under the Clean Air Act, Section 112(r)(7)

Final Rule, Environmental Protection Agency (20 June 1996)

5. 40 CFR Parts 9 and 68, List of Regulated Substances and Thresholds for Accidental Release

Prevention; Requirements for Petitions under Section 112(r) of the Clean Air Act as

Amended, Environmental Protection Agency (January 3 1 1994)

U.K. Regulations
6. Control of Major Accident Hazards (COMAH) Regulations, Safety Policy Directorate,

Health & Safety Executive ( 1 999)

7. Control of Substances Hazardous to Health (COSHH) Regulations, Health Directorate,

Health & Safety Executive ( 1 999)

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European Commission Regulations

8. Cotincil Directive (Seveso I Directive) 82/501/EEC on the major-accident hazards of'cert~iin

indzutrial activities, European Union (5 August, 1982)

9. Council Directive (Seveso II Directive) 96/82/EEC or7 the control of major-accident hazurds

involving dangei*ozisszibstances, European Union (9 December, 1996)

U.S. Recommended Practice & Standards

10. API Recommended Practice 520, Sizing, Selection, and I~utall~ltion
of Pressure - Relieving

Devices in Refineries Part I - Sizing and Selection, American Petroleum Institute, American

Petroleum Institute, 6"' Edition (March 1993)

1 1. API Recommended Practice 521, Gtiide ,for Presszire-Relieving and Depressuring Sj~stems,

American Petroleum Institute, 4"' Edition (March 1997)

12. API Recommended Practice 650, Welded Steel Tanks .for Oil Storage, Anlerican Petroleum

Institute, loth~ d i t i o n(November 1998)

13. API Recommended Practice 752, Management of Hazards Associated with Location oj'

Process Plant Bziildings, American Petroleum Institute, C M A Manager's Guide, 1" Edition

(May 1995)

14. ANSI/ISA-SP-84.01, "Applic~rtionoj'sufetji Instr~imentedSj)stetnsfor the Process I n d ~ ~ s t r i e ~ , "

Instrziment Society of America Standards and Practices, ( 1 996)

1 5. MIL-STD-1629A PI-ocedires,#br per#ormi11g a .fuilure mode, efects and c-~iticalityanalysis,

U.S. Department o f Defense ( 1 980)

16. SAE APR 5580 Recom~nendedFailure Modes arid Effkcts Analysis (FMEA) Practices ,for

Non-Azrtomobile Applications, The Engineering Society for Advancing Mobility Land Sea

Air and Space, SAE (July 200 1)

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17. SAE J1739 Potential Failure Mode and Effects Analysis in Design (Design FMEA), Potential

Failure Mode and Effects Analysis in Manufacturing and Assembly Processes (Process

FMEA) and Potential Mode and Effects Analysis for Machinery (Machinery FMEA), The

Engineering Society for Advancing Mobility Land Sea Air and Space, SAE (June 2000)

HSE Guidelines
18. A Guide to the Control of Major Accident Hazards Regulations, HSE Books (1999)

19. C O M H Safety Report Assessment Manual, Issue 2.0, H S E (January 2002)

20. Major Accident Prevention Policies for Lower-Tier C O M H Establishments, HSE (March

1999)

2 1. COSHH Essentials: Easy Steps to Control Chemicals: Control of Substances Hazardous to

Health Regulations, HSE Books (1999)

22. A Step-By-Step Guide to COSHH Assessment, HSE (1993)

23. Technical Basis for COSHH Essentials; Easy Steps to Control Chemicals, HSE (1999)

International Standards
24. IEC 61508, Functional Safety of Electrical / Electronic / Programmable Electronic Safety-

related Systems, Parts 1-7, Geneva, Switzerland, International Electrotechnical Commission

( 1 998)

25. IEC 61511, Functional Safety Instrumented Systems for the Process Industry Sector, Part 1-3

Geneva, Switzerland, International Electrotechnical Commission (2003)

26. I S 0 9001 Quality Management Systems - Requirements, Geneva, Switzerland, International

Organization for Standardization (2000)

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27. ISO/TS 16949 Quality vvlanage~nentsystems - Particular reqzrirements for the application of'

I S 0 9001:2000 ,for autonlotive prodzrction and relevant service part organizations, Geneva,

Switzerland, International Organization for Standardization (2002)

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(ii) Books & Publications:

Center for Chemical Process Safety (CCPS) Publications
1. Center for Chemical Process Safety (CCPS), Guidelines for Hazard Evaluation

Procedures, 2ndEdition (1992)

2. Center for Chemical Process Safety (CCPS), Guidelinesfor Safe Process Operations and

Maintenance (1995)

3. Center for Chemical Process Safety (CCPS), Guidelines for Evaluating Process Plant

Buildingsfor External Explosions and Fires (1995)

4. Center for Chemical Process Safety (CCPS), Guidelines for Implementing Process Safety

Management (1994)

5. Center for Chemical Process Safety (CCPS), Guidelines for Engineering Design for

Process Safety (1993)

6. Center for Chemical Process Safety (CCPS), Guidelines for Hazard Evaluation

Procedures, (1992)

7. Center for Chemical Process Safety (CCPS), Guidelines for Investigating Chemical

Process Incidents, (1992)

8. Center for Chemical Process Safety (CCPS), Guidelines for Technical Management of

Chemical Process Safety, (1992)

9. Center for Chemical Process Safety (CCPS), Guidelines for Process Safety

Documentation, (1995)

10. Center for Chemical Process Safety (CCPS), Guidelines for Chemical Process

Quantitative Risk Analysis (1989)

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11. Center for Chemical Process Safety (CCPS), Layer of Protection Analysis, Sirnpl~jkd

Process Risk Assessment (200 1)

Other Books & Publications

12. Bhimavarapu, K, Use Layer of Protection Analysis (LOPA) to Comply with Performance-

based Standards, Control Engineering, February 1,2000

13. Cox, A.W., Lees, F.P. & Ang, M.L.. ClassiJcation of Hazardous Locutions, Inst. of

Chemical Engineers (1992)

14. Crumpler, D. K. and Whittle, D. K., Effective Revalidation of Process Hazard Analyses

(PHAs), ABS consulting publication

15. Dow Chemical Company, Fire and Explosion Index Hazard ClassiJcation Guide, 7'h

Edition., AIChE, New York (1994)

16. Dow Chemical Company, Chemical Exposure Index Guide, AIChE, New York ( 1 9 4 )

17. Dowell, A.M. and Green, D.L., Formulate Emergency Shutdown Systems by Cookbook,

Chemical Engineering Progress (April 1998)

18. Dowell, A.M. and Hendershot D.C., Simplzjied Risk Analysis - Layer of Protection

Analysis (LOPA), AIChE 2002 National Meeting (2002)

19. Eisenberg, N.A., Lynch, C.J. and Breeding, R.J., Vulnerability Model: A Simulation

System for Assessing Damage Resulting from Marine Spills Rep. CG-D-136-75. Enviro

Control Inc., Rockville, MD (1975)

20. Federal Emergency lblanagement Agency, Handbook of Chemical Hazard Analysis

Procedures (ARCHIE Manual), Washington, DC (1989)

21. Finney, D.J., LPry%rAnalysis, Cambridge University Press, London (1971)

© 2003 by CRC Prcss LLC

References 7

22. Greenberg, H.R. and J.J. Cramer, Risk Assessment and Risk Management for the

Chemical Process Industry, Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York (199 1)

23. Hyatt, R.N. & N., Mulvey, N.P., Using Computer Software for Process Hazards Analysis

(PHA), Chemputers IV (1996)

24. Kletz, T.K., HAZOP & HAZAN, 3rdEdition, Inst. of Chemical Engineers (1992)

25. Kletz, T.K., What Went Wrong?, Gulf Publishing (1985)

26. Knowlton, R. E. A Manual of Hazard & Operability Studies - The Creative IdentiJication

of Deviations and Disturbances, Chemetics International Ltd. (1992)

27. Knowlton, R.E., Hazard and Operability Studies, The Guide Word Approach, Chemetics

International (198 1)

28. Lees, F.P., Loss Prevention in the Process Industries, Vols. 1, 2 & 3 Butterworth -

Heinemann, London, 2"d Edition (1996)

29. Louvar, J. F. and Louvar, B.D., Health and Environmental Risk Analysis: Fundamentals

with Applications, Prentice Hall PTR (1 998)

30. Mecklenburgh, J.C., Process Plant Layout, John Wiley (1985)

3 1. Parry, S.T., A Review of Hazard Identijication Techniques and their Application to Major

Accident Hazards, Safety & Reliability Directorate, UKAEA (1980)

32. Philley, J. and Moosemiller, M., PHA Revalidation: A Six-step Approach, Chemical

Process Safety Report (February 1997)

33. Smith D.J. and Simpson K.G.L., Functional Safety A Straightforward Guide to

IEC61508 and Related Standards, Butterworth-Heinemann (200 1)

34. Stephen, M. M., Minimizing Damage to Refineries, U.S. Dept. of the Interior, Office of

Oil & Gas (February 1970)

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 References 8

35. Summers A.E., What Every Manager Should Know About The New SIS Standards,

Copyright ISA.

36. Sutton, I., Management of Change, Morris Publishing, 2nd edition ( 1 997)

37. Technica Ltd., Manual of Industrial Hazard Assessment Techniques, World Bank ( 1 985)

38. Wells, G.L., Safety in Process Plant Design, Halsted Press (1980)

Note: For specific material and references see the lists of suggested reading material (with
Website URLs applicable at the time of publication) included at the end of each chapter.

© 2003 by CRC Prcss LLC