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1 Roller Mechanism PDF
1 Roller Mechanism PDF
Abstract— Man in his lifetime, uses energy in one form or the from speed breaker by converting vehicle kinetic energy to
other. Energy demand continues to grow, year after year. In the mechanical energy. As the vehicle passes over the speed
present scenario power becomes major need for human life. But breaker wasted kinetic energy can be converted into the
the extensive usage of energy has resulted in an energy crisis, and rotational motion of roller to generate electricity, this is the
there is a need to develop methods of optimal utilization, which main concept of this research. This new mechanism provides
will not only ease the crisis but also preserve the environment higher efficiency and higher output at a lower cost than the
from the negative impacts of global climate change. Energy mechanism used previously. A roller having some kind of grip
conservation is the cheapest new source of energy. It is an is placed between the speed-breaker. So when vehicle pass
attractive technology for optimal use of available sources. This
over the breaker, it rotates the roller. This movement of roller is
research shows the possibility of tapping the wasted energy in the
used to rotate the shaft of DC generator by the help of chain
road speed breaker. The wasted energy can be converted to the
electrical energy by roller mechanism through several energy drive using 1:4 speed ratios. As the shaft of DC generator
conversion processes. In this research, the obtained electrical rotates, it produces electricity. This generated electricity is
energy is in KW range which is sufficient to lighten the street stored in a battery and used to lighten the street lamps on the
lights and traffic signal. As the number of vehicle is increasing road.
day by day, the designed system will be effective to solve the
power crisis of Bangladesh to some extent. II. METHODOLOGY
Electricity is a basic part of nature and it is one of our most
Keywords- Tapped energy, Speed breaker, Roller mechanism, widely used forms of energy. A large amount of energy is
Energy conversion, Street lights. wasted at the speed breakers through the dissipation of heat and
also through friction, every time a vehicle passes over it. In this
I. INTRODUCTION
research, a roller is fitted in between a speed breaker and some
Energy infrastructure of Bangladesh is quite small, kind of a grip is provided on the speed breaker so that when a
insufficient and poorly managed. The per capita energy vehicle passes over speed breaker it rotates the roller. Through
consumption in Bangladesh is one of the lowest (136 kWh) in this rotation of the roller kinetic energy of the vehicle is
the world. Noncommercial energy sources, such as wood fuel, converted to the rotational energy of the roller which is
animal waste, and crop residues, are estimated to account for displayed in Fig. 1.
over half of the country's energy consumption. Bangladesh has
small reserves of oil and coal, but very large natural gas
resources. Commercial energy consumption is mostly natural
gas (around 66%), followed by oil, hydropower and coal.
Electricity is the major source of power for country's most of
the economic activities [1]. Therefore, we have to investigate
some approximate, alternative, new sources for the power
generation, which is not depleted by the very few years. It
suffers all the living organisms of all kinds as on the land, in
aqua and in air. Power stations and automobiles are the major
pollution producing places. Therefore, we have to investigate
other types of renewable sources, which produce electricity
without using any commercial fossil fuels, which is not
producing any harmful products. Already there existing such
systems using renewable energy such as solar, wind etc. for
power generation. The latest technology which is used to
generate the power by such renewable energy is “power
generation using speed breaker” [2-6] where crank-shaft and
spring mechanism is applied. In this system, a new mechanism Fig. 1. Conversion of kinetic energy to rotational energy
called roller mechanism is introduced to generate electricity
IV. CONSTRU
UCTIONAL DETAILS
All the equipment used in thiis system is displayed in Fig. 6
The connection among all the equipment’ss from top and the
coupling between roller and dynamo shhaft through chain
drive from side is shown in Fig. 4. In thist system, roller
design is very important. In Fig. 5, notch type roller is used
for getting higher number of rotation and gripping.
g
Fig. 6. Equipment usedd in the system implementation
A. Speed Breaker Arrangement VI. EXPERIMENTAL DATA
A COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS
The height of the speed breaker and the placement
p of roller A. Data Collection
as a speed breaker should be well managed. There should be a
minimum height of the speed breaker and it must
m be accurately The total implementation off the research can be represented
measured. The height of the speed breaker shhould never exceed by several steps.
8 inch. There must be a minimum gap betweeen roller and speed When vehicle passing the speeed breaker with a velocity of 39
breaker to obtain the maximum amount of o rotation and to km per hour having two passeengers. In fig. 8 at the first step,
capture the maximum energy. there is no current flow and nearly zero voltage at the terminal
before the vehicle passing overr the speed breaker which shows
B. Roller no charging operation to the batttery.
Iron made roller is used and outer surfacce of the roller is
covered by rubber to provide gripping. Rolller strength should
be strong enough to bear the vehicle weight.
C. Gear
Gear is a rotating machine part having cut teeth, which mesh
with another toothed part to transmit torquue and produce a
mechanical advantage through a gear ratio off 1:4.
D. Chain Drive
Chain drive is a way of transmitting mechhanical power from
one place to another. It is often used to connvey power to the
wheels of a vehicle, particularly bicycles and motorcycles.
E. Dynamo or DC Generator
A dynamo, originally another name for an electrical
generator, now means a generator that produuces direct current
with the use of a commutator. It converts mechanical
m rotation Fig. 8. Meter reading beffore passing over speed breaker
into a pulsating direct electric current throughh Faraday's law.
In the second step, vehicle has just passed the speed breaker as
F. Battery a result a high torque is induuced in roller. Due to this high
The generated electrical energy is stored in the battery and torque, maximum number of rotation
r is induced in the roller.
can deliver to the load. This rotation produces maximuum terminal voltage and causes
charging current to flow towardds battery. So battery is charging
V. SYSTEM IMPLEMENTATTION with a high terminal voltage which
w corresponds to high power
This system is implemented in Chittagoong University of during this process. At that mom
ment in Fig.9 terminal voltage is
Engineering and Technology (CUET), Chiittagong- 4349 of 12.83 V and charging current value is 1.7 A.
Bangladesh. During the system implemeentation an auto-
rickshaw (CNG) is used as a vehicle which iss shown in Fig. 7.
Fig. 9. Meter reading after veehicle passing over the speed breaker
Type of June
2008 20009 2010 2011
Vehicles 2012
Taxi 9 1
12 0 0 3