:‫ﺍﳌﻘﺪﻣﺔ‬

‫  
 ؟‬
 
   
  
  !"#$
%&' ()  (" &*+
,- &. /0* 12

34 .52$ "6   '($

7( 89 ' 12 : ; ,<
="
 &*> ? !@A &*B
EC  D' . : -&
FG 89 $ HI & JK %

T( UG S9# 34 .52$ Q% OP N M L D'

YZ[' *[ \Z ]^ &. _@ ,L 7'VGW'
*&a *-b    $Z' E/T<' D` *"'
cK % ='(d , : &$Z JW4' &!4 ]W *[ _e'
l JK m Q% jk – jOM f : b g!hb ih&a &W-
Eno =
 =9ap qb  ([
 :‫ﺍﻟﻔﺼﻞ ﺍﻷﻭﻝ‬
‫ ؟‬

     :

(*+,&- )     !   "# $%&' ( 
2 ) ,1% ./%!
./3  14&+'
5#6 .78'  9 .:
;<= +4' >)  ,8 
>)  *@ %< )@?
B;,A=
HG C DE F
8' ( C
I/ J K .<"  L -&4' , MN
OM 2 P H& Q' O R/
 14&+' IE  S*T=
.6E  <E R/ *U 24#6
@E ,VWE  .)F&  X8,7&  < *J XY
Z% 2[ #' 14\ >%] ^_-M `U*&  26+-
2 

:
 

:.=a6  XD :

<E 1% S8Q&U
(+J .b<Y&
I*Q c d X884 > /
f \ 2 N (+J :' :e& 
X +<J O&Q 2 N (+J L −B(*' M ?− gh i

 ,(%k f*Qh L l*&J
V  .*Y&  fW E8n H46'
f6&:
 $T'
H& (+J 
:&, .<=M iQ  .<-M OEl
g7h op ,q  L 184&  (D
L %*,+  R/ >*&r s .<t%
 ,B<* .\v% . wx? u  J
R/ AQ, ? .<G   J L 2<6#  
.G G   J L D*<  ,B&+8 
( ,BXU#  R/ AQ, ?
X Y7J *  O7E  y,
E8n z#6&  {wY| }' XW/#' ;6/ ~&6'  , :
.<t% /
.<&6-Um .<t% / % € ( a

:OG GM X<8,U ; .<,% .<t% R/ .<"  ( 2 N ,.<,%
( b#, 1T: |, ,X_€ X<,<#7  .Q .*E?
Y… .<,-/ K* 1% ‚%  ƒ,„&  .<,-/ ,Z E 
ˆ)@ 1,[ ( o,/ ,BY+ † ‡# X8p .*E ,l
Y6 .8  Ov I„&U= l*' ‰ (Š= ,2&< L D*l* X#a6J
^* O+ .<t%d g7‹  % +' /  ` c F  >DŒ' Y=
y, (D ˆ*
1Ž ,1% D*l L X#a6J I„&4'
:.aW
Y4#6' R/ pŒ'
+ ;„&U 6/ Yl :m
 :   
 
 :



%&'
(
'
)*  +,- .! ,

 
   ! "
#

'89! ,5'67 '/0 
- 10
 1(2
- %3


&3
4
:'';< ''
 =8''(> 
'' ? ,@8'')3  ''A 1''
! BC "
''#
:D# 567 /0 
- 10
 ! ,
? 1'E8F G
')
6
   H 1(
I  - ,@8(  •
PJK LK@ ? C
&- M9N 1O =
)N LK@

Q' GR
'; ' STU)' 184' 5'  V 1(84) @83 •
P EW 1<8X, YZ
8
 8<,   [
 L\
 P=
)O
]^ 1&
- =
_ @83 •
= ' !
 '' ''
 1''(
` •
b'67 ,c]
' a&6
d,''''''' e fg'''''''
,'''''''
\ d,'''''''
P1`h 
4)(
I
:D# 
  #
,<
'''''  ,E
''''' : i
+,'- 
3 D# :108)]-
j''0 b''8)-  ;K''
=
'& J
3 1T7< W9)3
k

'46E80 D&3 ,E
 lZ#
16'8< es m
']3 i L93 epPqr m
]3
< f86  1n
o
'!
4 U)'i bE
' .'! ,E
)' ',3 )( D&N YT 
L9! t!,( 19!
 1
,o  ,E
 G
_  5K3 ,eWT
}
'x ~> G
]TU- 1R> € G
T9! L4 ) 1_ H 8
R'(  .'! ‚6 '  8
'ƒ L'O .'! J7  8( 
M9N' 1'O B87 '
@g3 8V .!  †… ' r… „8v<
Lx2 1&X 1(8‡ 9Q( ,E
  m8 Z# ,,E
 Lx2

J7 '' ˆ,'' :''< '',3 ''9(  ‰'' ''! ''

L'\ 2W'3  'A ,JK' LK'@ g'x 1'(84) .!  !
9T
}
'o  ,E
 B
Š  LQ]( ,1&
- =
_
< ,E
 lZ#
Y'‹ ' Lx2  , 1n 2 J6T3 L @8)
/O

<

''4@ L''7( 1'']T) 1''TT` 1''08)]- ,E
'' ,JK'' LK''@ =
''
1'(8E, G
<
4)i e
W ‚O,
 {]) R
4V u, 84y
P
Œ  V 1(84)T Y‹
=8''(> '' Ž ''0 D''# :1''7T;- ,<
''  ,E
'' :
''

 o
1'
! J
'3 T6)3 D# 
 `8 ? 
 
>
f8''6 '' D''&3 ,E
'' lZ''# ,W''4/) =
N'' 1''0
 ''
,1'R
! 28' e U)
< J7
 1&
V bE8 W! LQ](
1'8X ‘
'’
'ΠL'9( 1'
 1
',o ' G
'_
 5K3
“ L4 ') 1&'
 L' G‹ G
'(
6& '!87 1T<
7 83
b]'O ˆ,' L'\ 1'Rg W4n

'< ,<
' lZ# 2W3 ,G
]TU-
=
''_ eW''T ' ! 1''c@ ) ' () W''4n YZ'' =8''F
YZ'' f”''T W4n•''< ,<
'' lZ''# '(W3   ~> 1@
''_
<
Z'# GW'z ' ,' }
'x G
']TU- },'x> 59– G 
‚&K')@ Dn
'o M76  567T 1
) 1(— ,E
  m8
v)' 1'
 1T4' JK =
)N 8 gx 1<˜ 1T9!
lZ# gx
;K 2 ! ? 7] LT73 5 1<˜ ,y ?

 u,
  1(
`8 46) G
T9! L4 3 YZ P8K]
e '! ,W4/) =
N™ 1
 1]T) D4@ e
 Z# f8! #
1''<8X, 1& '' m
'']3  =
)''O M9N'' =8Q'' ''
 u,''3
,'v& L0
'  1&(,7 wX
- ? 1^
x ,E
 Lx <
8

D') {]) R
4V u, e
W Gi
0 84y ? & )( `
z
P108)]- ,E
 ? |0g3
  2

 
:

  
  
  :




 ! 
" #$% &'
()* +$),- 


.  / 

0 ! 123 456  
 1789 : 
+>
? &
$@ 1789  . A.),"  &;<
= )* 
&FG HI &FJ- B$2 C
8   ))?
 D  
E
K )0 L
MN< +$),- 

 O
 K

 ,10Q  &$"
+$I  &7  R>? SQT I UV> W
70 A.X K
F9
:  YI :73 ,: &F A.Q7 
<
Z 1Z +
[
R \>, .
- #<5,0 ] & .X R ,&7 &,9 +
* !
 
[  
 .X9
1789 A.L
> S.
780
C
8  A.L
 S.
7'
+*
 K
<

2I ,

^
:H R _6
"- ! K
F9 +$),- 

d 6cb – ab :`

d 6ab – fb :eQ,
d 6hb – gf :O
9L
 :H R K
F9
=.
,0% K
< A.L
 S.
7'

d 6hb :`

d 6gf :eQ,
d 6gf :O
9L
+$0i 
 ]8j

 .
,0 k70 
l
C
"7 +$0i 
 )m
9 R ,A.L
 S.
7' K)0 
[  +$0Q9
d)*
 ]q ! h  g & n0Q o$* +$I
p +$0Q9

 

 
 
  
     
3-" /0* 1) 2 . *
%&'
( )* + ,-) #$  !"
3-@8
,> ?# 9:; &< ) $8
/)
4 5 6 /* -7
:(8B  A  !" 
* ( )* + ,-)
 E
: !" (F8 : D

/8 ' 1) K$ L
M N
- ' F* GH  !" I J
:. P  (MRM GH  !S* ( " (<F* Q 
* OP8

Y
X + 8
V* 3W U :T*
OJ,* (6P "   Q )

\P / [  !" :-
!&Z (8 
 !&Z ( ' H
(8 * + 8
V* _   ^8
V*  /8 0 ' O]
 (8
cXb&
* a
`T*
Z* `$U 3W
( *  /8 0 ' 1)  !" d 3ZL
:( * Q )

e'U 3W ef g (,Wh Y&*
+!&YN* 3W
X
@*
i-*
%!F*
3W (<F* + $ xy 3-@8
:( " ( * Q )

+q 7
(f +q 7
( &
 5R"
+  T*U
dZ ) ({ * z"   !" 8
,X &PN*
z" m
 ( y  /8
,(,
* g Y$8 .&)

c(J (|* g %q0 (N*
:Y  !" (F* O] }RM ~ Y :(F* O] OY
m
 GH ($ xy  € r,
* q 1) (F* . ]

N  * ‚
c (
6 %!F*
 
@* 3W ef
`&P
 @* O g ( " r,
* %q  Y OV*
ƒ!&* 
\ T
ef

@* 
c%!F*

1) (F*

t* u
„R)"
Y
(-) *
 N8
%!F*

@*
* /@8 % \ GH \ ƒ!&*
(
6
. 
* i,
+  T*
( &
 5R" GH ($ xy 
& (-) * t* w kFY
c &PN* +q 7 m


2 &T* (P  DH (<F* d- …'  (,-N N8
 †c %
D &  !"
 N-8
1) `Zf
 v 0 '
q  † ,<F* ‡* z d,) d]$ (-) * q
r " GH ˆ‰q &)  !S* +  7 P8 & (-) *
c !" g (N N ƒ
* %Y l }&o

j<R) ! 37$ Y + ' (|Y 1) (

Z j<R
*

(<F* + 0 'D \Œ 8 ‹" sRŠy 1)  !"
:
`
&8 3dP † (,
* g &T* 3,8
 !S*
`&
  + !&* m
 n<  +dl &
c j<R
* kFY
+ T
F* 3o % T
OPA p
g %q :*
sT8 J r,
* 1) 9F8 *  !" g (JF*
37$ Y
,(-) * r,
* t* u 1) 9F8 * vRW
%W
* (6 d$ &T* (,* q Z  (-) * t* w 
cO) * r,
,*  !"
 
  : 
 

       !"

: &'(" )* +$, -./ 0, 12 3 45 )67 89"
#$ %
>?@ .% 4A9B ., C  19@ 0D 3E9" >F% = − ;
:
8M(" .H N   G5 )67 H" ! , J@, :
KL
 )67 QRO  , *  !%O  P@O"
#$ 49ST  #$ UV ,  0O, ., W X9" YZR
E[H )* +
@ 0, \ ]^ #S@ , H +
cb ;a .H UK, $  G5 E@." 5 , K_ ` C

: O
$7  )@
cO
Ej ih – gf  G5 8e" 0, 8A% -d " 12

0
S" 0, 12    lB5 8A% )67 kR

c8n$ #$ )H" .B km k
l(* , A oAe   !" 0, 8J@

#$ 8S (9p Aq rA6" 3 H O\ BO U
cse 8eR mK )67 
l' y 9" 1  O
 +.xb 8J@

.H ~b }
 (" {
| $ 8K."  zA$
cE
eK 8" l' { 9"
b a€ {K " 8%DR O'm  ." 3 tE$7

) 
 #$ ;€ +
 8A% ^O'm +?R !@ c
 .H
−a #$ ." 3 $, , 
 .Hb + m o"
O'm ƒ ." 3 $, ,
 #$ +@, h .H R O'm ‚
:
@
 +7 km C „ ^O'm +?R .H R 6DR

 .H EK t
T 0, , $ K ." 3 $, ,…9
t  ,
 .H } +
 " †e% ‡
c +7 wH" ! +@, =  ˆ‡" wEBd
8\ xn"

^6, E‰, 0, 5 8\ - . #$ .D &Š . .B

"
Œa − Œ #$ ‡ {K U2 W ‹p OAK 3^ % l
:
# ! Ž% O
?* 9B7 ‹(k !@  #$ $
@
@T ! #?A 8b, . [
 …O #$ #?A O.B >@Š
) #SR ,#?A 1
B C s r'J $ . m,
c ! Ž% .$ C †'m t@S 9B7 (d 0*
07  #$ iaŒf  +
 .H H ]^ lB5 +.H e9@
)* C 1He@ ƒ 9B7 &
 s" 1A(@ .% ‘`
c #$ zH +
 8A% %. 8\ xn"
:8\ ‡R
8\ ‡R
~ $ o ‡" 1O7
,+
@ i== – ;’f
+
@ 0, “* C
>@9m XEM
.
$ 8A% 

− a #$ ‡ 

Hj #$ lXB s9 +7 +
" ,1n On9 Ej +@, g
0, 12 ,^O'm 8A(@ ”
b W .E* XEM E(B
 tu #$ K v j $ 0
S" 0, )* )@
cwO


 
 

 :







 
 
 !" #$ 

"
%&
 '"( %#
1
#)$ *+,
-.
/$
0
2
-30 45 +67

! $ ?
6
;"
2 >
':
=''
<
!" # #) 8* 9:
+
;"

#) ; BC +- @ A 

D$! 2 E$+
<
;"
2 >
':
$, G/ 

I$
! < 
 

#) HB

JK
: L6
2 M
"-*
O;
2) 2 N6J+
 @
: ; %# P+Q
R $
'
TU 6:$ V W: G/
6: S
'
;"
< 

'"Q

E
+Z[: ;$ G/
D$!$ ;
X Y: Q

M
\ $# ]7Q
$
_' ` ^'
G/

; a ,;

 !
cW] M

": A"b3':

 
/ 2 G/

cW] N!&e f"( ;


($
 ! c7Q
$ g"Q
$ ^,
/ $ d&

O;
cW] G >
* R a&,
2 M

")

 QC
 ):

QC
 ): 3 

HC +$7 9

TU – RS *+ 4?7
9 B  V,
Q
 <-$ W7
 X+ ' 9
 YZ: [
;-
W7 Q X
 \+
 :] + )
 ' .74- ,^: _X

+ -, QC
 d$2
-c 4ab AB G>  H
HF

e
  *7- 5+0 *7 9;> 2
)
 +C; .?\
POX7 9
h%" <=a d
  G>  e
 Q
 ?f g HF

8
m 
 991 3n l 
 k 3 Uj [, i )
 *+ <-
8
P<5" Hf6+ d$2
o/
 h%" *+  % 7
<- h%" ' qr M67 -0 3"p
 3 7

PF0 <5" d$2
s
- )
 ;
 <% "t -0 <=,

e
 H2\
 
; w"0 W7 3 - ()
 u\g O$+ !v-
)" + OXa 97  #5+0  e
 
  x V, y

R 4?7 $7 }%f *)%
 Xa ~-- l Q| { − U i 9= $7

    !" 

 
      
*+  % 7-
8 ,456
 ' ()
 *+ ,- ./
0 12, 3 - ,#$%

AB ACD @0 94: ;4 <=, 
> ;4 3  )
 4?7
H2" H?7 3 - ,I$J EF$
 4?7 G> HC . , ./
0 H

PM B ;4 .;4 N9  . , O; 9KL"=
<=, ()

 :



 :



  !"

 # $%
 &' () &*
+ ,"+
 
-
./
0 12 ,45
 6
7
89:) $;) <="
 >?@
 AB ()
C
"

?
 >D) 4EF .G#?
 C *" ,"' () <"?H
)
<"
 J )
0 ,K
I"#

C @+@
 C $;+
="+

DIC
"L)
 M'
O$
E
 6
N

P Q*RH ;+0

S0 &T &'
U
+
 .
0) 
: 



, #V 9* W
"9) ;X) YZ
 ;X) <"? <C •

O ; [)' ()


\
9:) $;) "B H]) S0 Y
+ ,"+
 
\ 4 <C •
O,] $;
^ _

Wab 
 90 .Y
c7 .db e"V S0 ;9 :YZ
 `P •
8f g YZ
 > <
?
 ,] $;
.b") .Y
c7 `
I
S0 (
 .Ghi &C Yj g ,] &L Wk i
\ "IC
.Y
c7 b"H p Wk O
)" .Y
ck 0
* mo mn
l b" <C
g 
 Yj >
x
)  
 8fC
`
I Wk
)C  >
h) 
+0 g d

$C g YZ
 (?9b
O +
 () `P
;+0 90 >bC :YZ
 90 •
mz y
) "2 &' Yj
Y
07 {
W ,"#*C mn
S0 4PR
ib 

 5 .;;w ^ _

C 5) |
a P Q*R }X+ s 6
7 g C;# <C >#P
~;0
2
*C ,
Hs d
 4*") Y; ;+0 }

P
O
89P' g
?
 `P"
 b"H
 :
2j &€"
 /;0' •
<R GhX
  }X+
vv "2  /; C;#
Q () IW ) |
k

Is {
W ,"+

.Jt
I ; <"F %2 ‚"* S0 ^
 .Jt
…z – „z /;0 ƒk P () ;] <C GhX
 9
(?9
O
/
XP ;† d
 <"?H ‡B 1DC
S0:YZ
 ;+0 ˆ5
 •

 ˆ5 <C 
, 
+ /
 b /
 b $d@
:‰
) 10 <C 0
_ y0' <"?H <C o
K=b7 () 

\ )s
O,");
 C
 O
_
)s @
 <"? <C o
() u
\ ;w <"? <C o
O w Š w K
@

() 

\ _ <W' <"?H <C o
O}f C K=bk $C
() 

\ <
+*' <"?H <C o
OK
2"@

<"? s <C K
2"@
 () 

\ )
)' >€' <"?H <C o
>#) ~;
 (V

S0 e; {
W <'
&' 
ik
,~
I]
 }f


<C &T {
%I
>€' <"?H
O w () 

\
 C q
 S0 r8_) e; s 

0 "B W &' <"? <C o
Oe]l
e"I t K
2"@
 () u
\ >@



X) <"? sC o
O<
+*'
e
8*N

vC $C () u
\ 6Z
 +) e"B @
 <"? <C o
O^
w C
:
  
 
 
   
    
," # $%&
'( )*+  , &
023 &4 /01 -.
85*6 7
 94 :&6&
/;< /%= 4
>( /07  
    ?4
8/@A  BC& /=
 :/0C&D   :>&4
:H&D  5  FG  E4
R PQ& ,/JK =4 K 9&* LM 6 N O :I%=4
[ /; ,B0=( ,YZ ,$  X .  / * VW.( ,UTS
/X . ]P /0^_ VW.( K ,V  M( ,\ O 
8c G= [ )&2 /%=  9b& 8a"`
 :"Q & /
8JDe & /=fG2 /   /.gO 8d
8 QC  ij   >( k0e32 lM 4 ]m*( n= 8h
8]m &f2 pq n= 8o
8ms t $2= &4 V&*4 ]q C n= 8r
8vO m [ e k%& 8u
8/=Cry l6 /0m i & x   /6 O De 8w
xX  n{ C "Q 8z
V*0 . J& ,I *|6
8c4 w i b& ,/e0
:/gPQ
p32  x} n ~O
BM# @J 9 6 -  BO4 H&D  5  FG 
 3X U b& /6  V '( )*+ :C
8n4 au−oS l6 ax2OiS /0€ V*|6
 :

 
  ,   

  
/ ! "#$ ,% &!'( #) *+ ,!-. ,
: ! "#$

01 ,!  #) 23 42!5 67 2!'89  
* :$ ;:
/?B: <
=*># ,!-5 # ?@*    A!*
   

:D* #
!C
O
' N −"#* 6L ,$K
F G!H!1( I!J *

@ G2!*!= R S# 2!Q+ 6+ ,P !=
#!L+ *
/'U) T 6- #
 :*+ ,!-. #) % &!'(

'X # ?@* VW$) 
FR 
%! G5RY
G5RY ZY [F # \ 
6L: C #
>
8.
&!'

% ZY "#*
&!# 2!1 > %
$ ]:^ # [._!=  
/`B:# 6- 
:
!C# D*

a G2!Q+ ,P  *
/,!)d 4+ 6Q* < L1 bc: 67

@ G2!*!= R S# 2!Q+ 6+ ,P !=
#!L+ *
/'U) T 6- #
 g f  :eL &#+ "#$

  !h> !
&!+   i$ 'j # ,!@B 6-!k  A!* 
<
!BP!= ': m!B8# ,O,2 V= l C K U [!' Y
ZY "2o !p
=!+  
!1 S# n 41
82
/;!* q IY rB:

:D* #
!C
/ !h ,!@R < D i$
!C */s
/
uc m$) N!@$Y ,$/t
/23 G(.#
!*
=H # 23 :w/v
/b l! 67
a G2!Q+!= La `H $ D* /x
 :
 

:
  
: :



0""-/ 
""& 
""'() *+"", --.""/ :#$%""& ! 
"" 
*""1' 23 0""&$4 ! ""5 6 ""7& 89"": ;"" 
""
A""$B A" 0"" <""= 8""
>""9/
""?&
""
@$.""

E%"H
?."I J" K,
?& ,
D 
1E 8FG
,
E%"H !
", L
" 8" A" JI
HM N
( 9&/
8O P J Q1& J-.E 040: RDS K! J'@4
 :TU@
4(
", R"W) X0" ,
"YZ1 P
@
4( JG Q-/3 *

$&.H \7&
[4

ef[" `"> ! 8"O 6 % c a?."O b" `G_
Y]^E TU@ *
,! 8"O 6 X"@h <4i `G_ `>,g' T
 ! 8G ;
P4
7: 8O 
94 0 <= j4 `Gc _ P',

""'E --.""/ :`."" 
" _
"""7ZE D"""$&4 ,k&EOl"""
m"
"'1 6 b["E g(
`">
" 8" `"> `
A"1&$4 ,
@g" e(."/ 7-'@4
0"( ,RDn"E %"4 8"O P" %"H J
TU@ X0
, 6 o1 K! J'@4
 :TU@
4(

"4( J"G Q-/3 *
,
'E."""""""""
"""""""""@
j""""""4 X0{&""""""G
0"" <""= `""Gc _
P4
7"""": 8""""O 
""""94
|E. 8p
4(O
"9H 8."~ 0" 3
E%"H
"'1H 6
@g" }'E TU@ *
<"49 `S
"$E "4 S0" ,b"H <"49 E%E %H
0 <= j4 `Gc _ P',
:
W0  >
23 €)M"4  J" QD" 6 AF": "S :40.O9


:  ,*\f% J P *\-O )0 o
7&7"":
E%""H J"" 0""'/ 7--.""E :
""4@H 40.""O9 
R7Gu RDnE %/ i 0'/
ƒ−y m["&4 0-9 `{[&4 7--.E:
40-9 40.O9 _

"h„ i
"Y3  RD"S 
7g" 0"'E J %/  

` P
:TU@
4(

'@ 6 RE ) X0 
YZ1E X…&S *

E†   1@
]
$&.H \7& *
a."O1O ." A" P40"$4) ."E J P'qE TU@ *
 …"O X"4 y −_ *0H % J 89 `G 0 5 − 1 R0@$E
40.O9 TU 6 04 j4 '
8"O 0" <= `Gc _ X0{&G !3 j4 JO
 :
Z,U

W0
  P
4( 0 P4
7:
:
 

0""""( :r""""""""4


bD"" t 6 Š0""=
J"" `."" P""
0"""""""1 """""""G 
x0{
@&
J%""/ N
""
A""""‹ 6 J""""
""""" 3 …"""""
OŒ""" 6 Š0"""=
 j
@
?&
pO
8W0" P" 0" "7Z1/
@G q&Y r4
 s&Y :TU""""""@
8""p t"", )["" k""@4 )""
f-%""O 
7H""E 7."" `"">

&& X4
>U> *0H a.1-
""71 8"" *0"" 23 ""E
E""5u A""
/:"""(
@ """7&

w
 8" 85 01 '( b
 94 vO
> 8@
J P9.
] bG
yc )"@E ! K\"G  x"9E JgW N A]4 :TU""""""@
z 3 a."\/ `S
"$E 8"5H "S) A"
"4- 6 `Gyc *
A' P 0@-&./
E%H J b: `&4

 
      ,  ! " #$ %&'( :

?*+ ,! -. /01
  3  :% (2
-. / 01    
9:68 45'6.7' " #$
 70
;< -.    2
,B@ 6 A< = >? 5 '? @= 
M' ;L7G? H' I' J ,%' K " #1 F< %CD E 
    2 @5N 6 = OP I
R C S  ,7 #C7Q " #1 
45 '6.7' " #$ C T
;%U(
[ (  \ 3 Q ,]  YZZWX  % ?#+ 45 '? :V 
3Q>6 41 -#5^ _=` ab W' O5 -=cC 3Q>6 C
?IHG %g! ''Q>6 9Wf \ d&e -1 H
 " #$ IH  -! :% (2
S ( / '? K h i2 j ? k: 6
; n=  -= cC 9 l m# g
9 U'( @ U m# U oJ  -$
j? _? ," #p %7` m=1
j ? qJ r n=  -= cC -1
;@ C j ? 1 _ar:  % CD
  hUv  s7t 5 3 50u 5( ! IHG J7C' @5? #uf
;W' m#U w Ox sgG 3
m= $ = l01 ," #$ m=1
& 1 €=?1 -1 56#1:— 
? '(U 
:  " #$ m=1
& 1 1 :%(2
8 @ 6 9 0  '6 _=> G % f‘' @5 ? *
7?& 1 y=  w 7'C( m#$ % f‘
L
;B7?& 1 _= g=X ™Cg$
>  ,
= 8 " #$ 7  @5 ? *
;B4x
,=W – 9 0 _=  -,1 9 Q( B  V 8 yš 0$( -,$ %f‘ @5? *
;yš0$ 5( *6. B
8
9 #$ R7 r *
K % 7CD  % 7$
BŠ  ]  / - +6x 
8
;=W– }: 90 _=
 :Wf w(U 5g  m=$ =l01 1
L
:W 2 :1
3 U~ :S ?
1 y x7 (
9ΠC6  C 
# &O 9 >?
xΠ> %7  X
;" 'G 47~
L ‹
% š7 „5 œ :› C' : 7
1 =>N 9(g }? j? %6Jr
sC= 1 9& 7 =( j? %6Jr
% U7? 1 B 1 %v X 8 % (i=
% š7 „5 œ ž 7X ,% + a b
ErŒ f Š$ K .r s>Ÿ
  C'6 ‹ 90$ 3? s'>6 4+'7f " #p @$ %&& ŠvX$ j?
* 6. Š ?!8 ,B@ 6 V−
_5 G 6: )] : 6=i 3?  6
% 6x1 1 . r ¡ ˆ  C
&X Š?!8 ,B A I=O
;[B_a&Q  7~ K ›C'
I¢
W :l‹
- ( 
:S ?
9ΠK 3UX y7=
5 ( ,% 7 @ 61 A _5G
k C6 “ 6 £ ,! w ,
3  R >6 ;’= ^
;’=^ aW 3U~ y7]( 9O5
5( Š ( s{ #1 %' 1 I¢
W 97U :%‘X
K s {6 ¡ CU K % CD # W¤ 1  '6 _x  3 @6
V
% U s (# #x ( yQ7 ]  0 4 7X xΠ  / oJ
%? {= 3  @$ k6]  B% CD @ f  X 8 Š  ]  j? _arT
;> _x6. dCG G 3 %CD %6†
3  = l01 _#= X % #x -1 * >? :F 
L
 R7 ," #$ _7X j? =O 9lˆ V<
?9~ f ,%?#+G( }77Q s{ 7 Q!
- Q 7>:  - 0 ,!8 % ?#+G( } 7Q 56 -1 ‰  :%(2
,Bk7 T / ' 41 3Q 
" #$ I g Š'‹1 >?
_ ?= " _#=~ zrŒ
% C7‘ o 7 =f  8{ :Ž
’ $ %f {!8 ,B_x# (
“ / K c y 7f @5N 8 ,B#=> (  '77C %7 5G
’= G @5N ( Š‚ "7U 8 ,B”g
-5 ( −s fx EC – −  '&G "  K
65U 57? 9658 ,B…& #7 „5X!
@ 7 3  _x# & ?  K } 
9 7U 8 ,BŠ G 1 =0 & ’&: 0
* | w7a z ( s { 8 ,B ' %& '( y  K @ Xx.
;{BW'? _#=~ }7CN #v W$
,S  € g @5 ? =0J   l $ [f# %Qv 'W:A 
?9f ,f
% X K %6l $  =‚ -Q -1 5( W7U 5'? @$ :%(2
_x  ƒ @7  „ 2 k7U 5? 3X1 ,@5 K IC#
= †  ‡ %7 ' % C - Q 1 ,_x  3  …  @7 1
;- qx# R7 4x =† #=0  4x

  ,     !" #$% &' :

? () * +," -
. ! #.
0 &
" 1" :&%*)
:. 2 345 +'6
+'6 0 9: 78 *
 ,;<5! =*>.
A5 ! ,5?," @

IGH4 ! B C#$ DE'6 A%: #$% D =" F>. 
KL4  :J

M 2N
O$" +'6
P8," %
KQ"
?
%," ;<5)
 KQ" P8," % M6 2N +,5 ! :&%*)
(
%," ;<5! 2N  ,CR" &,"% GHO  SK<"
;<5! 2N C#. *4(I,M!B T$% 0 PN$" +,5  U
VN(  $" ;<5! 2NW
%,"
&\],% M^
(_ * `! YZ [Q5 +' #. :X

?+," K,< * =]]. a#_ 2
bc% :&%*)
$"% " M^
()
Pd
 eU *4(

 $"% ,]


f5 D ,]5
Cgd!  ^
()
I#]* h$" &5%