PERHITUNGAN TANGGA

Perletakkan tangga = Sendi-Sendi

Tinggi Antar Lantai = 360 cm
Lebar tangga = 180 cm
Lebar Bordes = 133 cm
Panjang Bordes = 385 cm
Berat Jenis Beton = 2400 kg/m3
Berat Keramik = 24 kg/m3
Berat Spesi = 21 kg/m3
Berat Dinding = 250 kg/m3
Beban Hidup = 300 kg/m2

1. Perencanaan Anak Tangga

Syarat
Antrede = 20 - 30
Optrede = 15 - 20
2 opt + 1 ant = 58 -62 cm atau 63 -65 cm
Rencana Optrede = 18 cm
Rencana Antrede = 28 cm
2 Optride + 1 Antride = 64 cm OK
Jumlah Optrede = Tinggi Tangga/Tinggi Optrede
= 360/18
20 buah
Jumlah Antrede = Jumlah Optrede-1
19 buah

tan α = Optrede/Antrede
= 18/28
= 0.6
= arc tan 0,6
= 33 ⁰

2. Perencanaan Tebal Pelat

a. Plat dasar anak tangga
Panjang Tangga = 2520 mm
Panjang Plat (L) = 2520 / cos 33
= 2995.79705588 mm
Tebal Plat Minimum = L/24 (satu ujung menerus)
= 2995,79/24
= 124.825 mm
Maka,
Tp = 150 mm

b. Plat pada bordes

Panjang Plat = 3850 mm
Tebal Plat (Tb) = L / 20 Dua tumpuan
= 3850/20
= 192.5 mm
Maka,
Tb = 200 mm

3. Pelat Ekivalen Anak Tangga

Tebal Pelat Dasar = 150 mm

tan α = Optrede/Antrede
= 18/28
= 0.6
= arc tan 0,6
= 33 ⁰
Tebal Anak Tangga (ta) = panjang antride x sin α
= 28 x sin 33
= 15.1412125568 cm
= 0.1514121256 m
t total = tp + ta
= 15 + 15,14
= 30.1412125568 cm
= 0.3014121256 m

4. Pembebanan
a. Beban Mati untuk Anak Tangga(DL)
Berat Sendiri = BJ Beton x H plat x B Plat
= 2400 x 0,3 x 1 = 723.3891 kg/m
Berat Keramik = Beban Keramik x B plat
= 24 x 1 = 24 kg/m
Berat Spesi (2 cm) = Beban Spesi x 2 x B plat
= 21 x 2 x 1 = 42 kg/m
Railing = 30 kg/m
qDL total = 819.389 kg/m
= 8.194 kN/m

a. Beban Mati untuk Bordes(DL)

Berat Sendiri Plat
Berat Keramik
Berat Spesi (2 cm)
Railing
= BJ Beton x H plat x B Plat
= 2400 x 0,15 x 1 = 363.3891 kg/m
= Beban Keramik x B plat
= 24 x 1 = 24 kg/m
= Beban Spesi x 2 x B plat
= 21 x 2 x 1 = 42 kg/m
= 30 kg/m
qDL total = 459.389 kg/m
= 4.594 kN/m

qLL = 300 kg/m2 x 1m = 300 kg/m

qLL total = 300 kg/m
 = 3 kN/m

c. Pembebanan pada ETABS

Akibat Beban Mat Akibat Beban Hidup

d. Hasil Running ETABS

Momen Akibat Beban Mat (DL) Gaya Geser (DEAD)

Reaksi Perletakan (DEAD)

 Momen Akibat Beban Hidupi (LL) Gaya Geser (LIVE)

Reaksi Perletakan (LIVE)

5. Perhitungan Momen Maksium

Hasil perhitungan dari analisa menggunakan ETABS

- Plat dasar anak tangga

M DL = 8.249 KN.m
M LL = 3.048 KN.m
Kombinasi Pembebanan
1,4 MDL = 11.548 KN.m
1,2 MDL + 1,6 MLL = 14.775 KN.m

Dipakai Kombinasi = 14.775 KN.m

- Plat pada bordes
M DL = 1.544 KN.m
M LL = 0.888 KN.m
Kombinasi Pembebanan
1,4 MDL = 2.161 KN.m
1,2 MDL + 1,6 MLL = 3.272 KN.m

Dipakai Kombinasi = 3.272 Kg.m

- Reaksi Kombinasi 2
Beban Ultmate = 1,2 DL + 1,6 LL
= 14.633 KN.m
qek = 17.395 KN.m

6. Perhitungan Tulangan (setiap 1 m)

- Plat Dasar Anak Tangga
Tinggi Plat = 150 mm
Selimut Beton = 20 mm
Tinggi Efektf (d) = 130
Faktor reduksi = 0.8
F'c = 30 Mpa
β1 = 0.85
Fy = 400 Mpa
b = 1000 mm
Mn = Mu / 0,8
= 14,827/ 0,8
= 18.469 KN.m
(β1 𝑥 0,85 𝑥 �^′ �)/�� (600/
(600+��))
ρbalance =

= 0.0325

ρmaks = 75% x pbalance

= 0.0244

ρmin = 0.0018

ρ perlu = Mn
Fy x b x d2 x0,8
= 18.469
400 x 1000 x 150² x 0,8
= 0.00342

ρ min < ρ perlu < ρ max OK

As = ρ perlu x b x d
= 443.969 mm2
 a = As perlu x fy
0,85 x f'c x b
= 6.964 mm

Mn ada = As x Fy x (d-(a/2))
= 22467996
= 22.467996 KN.m

Mn < Mn ada
18.469 < 22.468 OK

- Tulangan Utama
Dipakai Tulangan D = 13 mm
(𝐴𝑠 𝑝𝑒𝑟𝑙𝑢)/(1/4 𝜋"
" �2)
Jumlah Tulangan (n) =

(n) = 3.345
= 4 buah

Jarak Tulangan = b/n

= 1000/4
= 250 mm
dipakai = 200 mm

Jadi digunakan : D13-200 mm

-Tulangan Pembagi
Dipakai Tulangan D = 10 mm

As = 30% x As Tul. Utama

(𝐴𝑠 𝑝𝑒𝑟𝑙𝑢)/
= 30% x 393,899
(1/4 𝜋" " �2)
= 133.1906 mm2
Jumlah Tulangan (n) =

= 1.6958
= 2 buah
Jarak Tulangan = b/n
= 1000/2
= 500 mm
dipakai = 450 mm
Jadi digunakan : Ø10-450 mm

-Plat Pada Bordes

Tinggi Plat = 150 mm
Selimut Beton = 20 mm
Tinggi Efektif (d) = 130 mm
Faktor Reduksi = 0.8
F'c = 30 Mpa
β1 = 0.85
Fy = 400 Mpa
b = 1000 mm
Mn = Mu / 0,8
(β1 𝑥 0,85 𝑥 �^′ �)/�� (600/
= 4,332 / 0,8
(600+��))
= 4.090 KN.m

ρbalance =

= 0.0325

ρmaks = 75% x pbal

= 0.0244
ρmin = 0.0018
ρ perlu = Mn
Fy x b x d2 x0,8
= 4.090
400 x 1000 x 130^2 x 0,8
= 0.00076

ρ min > ρ perlu < ρ max Dipakai pmin

As = ρ min x b xd
= 234.000 mm2

a = As perlu x fy
0,85 x f'c x b
= 3.671 mm

Mn ada = As x Fy x (d-(a/2))
= 11996216
= 11.996216 KN.m

Mn
(𝐴𝑠 𝑝𝑒𝑟𝑙𝑢)/(1/4 𝜋" < Mn ada
2) 4.090 < 11.996 OK
" �

-Tulangan Utama
Dipakai Tulangan D = 13 mm

Jumlah Tulangan (n) =

(n) = 1.763
= 2 buah

Jarak Tulangan = b/n

= 1000/2
= 500 mm
dipakai = 450 mm

Jadi digunakan : D13-450 mm

-Tulangan Pembagi
(𝐴𝑠 𝑝𝑒𝑟𝑙𝑢)/(1/4 𝜋"
Dipakai Tulangan D " �2) = 10 mm

As = 30% x As Tul. Utama

= 30% x 393,899
= 70.2000 mm2

Jumlah Tulangan (n) =

= 0.8938
= 2 buah

Jarak Tulangan = b/n

= 1000/2
= 500 mm

Jadi digunakan : Ø10-500 mm

-Tulangan Jepit Tak Terduga

Dipakai Tulangan D = 10 mm

Mn = 30% x Mn Tul. Utama

= 30% x 14,827
= 4.4326 KN.m
ρ perlu = Mn
Fy x b x d2 x0,8
= 4.433
400 x 1000 x 1302 x 0,8
= 0.001

ρmaks = 75% x pbal

=
(𝐴𝑠 𝑝𝑒𝑟𝑙𝑢)/ 0.0244
(1/4 𝜋" " �2)
ρmin = 0.0018
 ρ min > ρ perlu < ρ max Dipakai pmin

As = ρ min x b xd
= 198.00 mm2

Jumlah Tulangan (n) =

= 2.5210
= 3 buah

Jarak Tulangan = b/n

= 1000/3
= 333.33333333 mm
dipakai = 300 mm
Jadi digunakan : Ø10-300mm
(𝐴𝑠 𝑝𝑒𝑟𝑙𝑢)/
-Tulangan Optrede dan(1/4 𝜋" " �2)
Antrede

Dipakai Tulangan D = 10 mm
ρsusut = 0.0032

As = ρxbxd
= 0,0032 x 1000 x 110
= 416 mm2

Jumlah Tulangan (n) =

= 5.2967
= 6 buah

Jarak Tulangan = b/n

= 1000/6
= 166.66666667 mm
dipakai = 150 mm

Jadi digunakan : Ø10-150 mm

Dipakai pmin
Dipakai pmin
TABLE: Brace Forces
Story Brace Load Case/ComboStation P V2 V3 T M2 M3
m kN kN kN kN-m kN-m kN-m

Story1 D1 Dead 0 -32.8493 -10.5293 0 0 0 0

Story1 D1 Dead 1.5484 -25.4693 -0.1973 0 0 0 8.3046
Story1 D1 Dead 3.0968 -18.0893 10.1347 0 0 0 0.6109
Story2 D4 Dead 0 18.0893 -10.1347 0 0 0 0.6109
Story2 D4 Dead 1.5484 25.4693 0.1973 0 0 0 8.3046
Story2 D4 Dead 3.0968 32.8493 10.5293 0 0 0 0
MDL max 8.3046
MDL min 0
Story1 D1 Live 0 -12.018 -3.8522 0 0 0 0
Story1 D1 Live 1.5484 -9.318 -0.0722 0 0 0 3.0383
Story1 D1 Live 3.0968 -6.618 3.7078 0 0 0 0.2235
Story2 D4 Live 0 6.618 -3.7078 0 0 0 0.2235
Story2 D4 Live 1.5484 9.318 0.0722 0 0 0 3.0383
Story2 D4 Live 3.0968 12.018 3.8522 0 0 0 0
MLL max 3.0383
MLL min 0

Story2 D1 Dead 0 16.1162 -10.1595 0 0 0 0.5107

Story2 D1 Dead 1.5484 23.4908 0.1649 0 0 0 8.2486
Story2 D1 Dead 3.0968 30.8654 10.4894 0 0 0 0
Story1 D2 Dead 0 -30.8654 -10.4894 0 0 0 0
Story1 D2 Dead 1.5484 -23.4908 -0.1649 0 0 0 8.2486
Story1 D2 Dead 3.0968 -16.1162 10.1595 0 0 0 0.5107
MDL Max 8.2486
MDL MIN 0

Story2 D1 Live 0 6.5377 -3.7015 0 0 0 0.2431

Story2 D1 Live 1.5484 9.2377 0.0785 0 0 0 3.0481
Story2 D1 Live 3.0968 11.9377 3.8585 0 0 0 0
Story1 D2 Live 0 -11.9377 -3.8585 0 0 0 0
Story1 D2 Live 1.5484 -9.2377 -0.0785 0 0 0 3.0481
Story1 D2 Live 3.0968 -6.5377 3.7015 0 0 0 0.2431
MLL MAX 3.0481
MLL MIN 0

TABLE: Brace Forces

Story Brace Load Case/ComboStation P V2 V3 T M2 M3
m kN kN kN kN-m kN-m kN-m
Story2 D4 Dead 0 21.7479 -11.1875 0 0 0 -2.6727
Story2 D4 Dead 1.5484 29.1225 -0.863 0 0 0 6.6569
Story2 D4 Dead 3.0968 36.4971 9.4614 0 0 0 0
Story2 D4 Live 0 8.7511 -4.1024 0 0 0 -0.9984
Story2 D4 Live 1.5484 11.4511 -0.3224 0 0 0 2.4273
Story2 D4 Live 3.0968 14.1511 3.4576 0 0 0 0
Story2 D4 Comb1 0 30.447 -15.6625 0 0 0 -3.7418
Story2 D4 Comb1 1.5484 40.7714 -1.2083 0 0 0 9.3197
Story2 D4 Comb1 3.0968 51.0959 13.246 0 0 0 0
Story2 D4 Comb2 0 40.0992 -19.9888 0 0 0 -4.8047
Story2 D4 Comb2 1.5484 53.2687 -1.5515 0 0 0 11.872
Story2 D4 Comb2 3.0968 66.4382 16.8858 0 0 0 0
Story1 D1 Dead 0 -36.4971 -9.4614 0 0 0 0
Story1 D1 Dead 1.5484 -29.1225 0.863 0 0 0 6.6569
Story1 D1 Dead 3.0968 -21.7479 11.1875 0 0 0 -2.6727
Story1 D1 Live 0 -14.1511 -3.4576 0 0 0 0
Story1 D1 Live 1.5484 -11.4511 0.3224 0 0 0 2.4273
Story1 D1 Live 3.0968 -8.7511 4.1024 0 0 0 -0.9984
Story1 D1 Comb1 0 -51.0959 -13.246 0 0 0 0
Story1 D1 Comb1 1.5484 -40.7714 1.2083 0 0 0 9.3197
Story1 D1 Comb1 3.0968 -30.447 15.6625 0 0 0 -3.7418
Story1 D1 Comb2 0 -66.4382 -16.8858 0 0 0 0
Story1 D1 Comb2 1.5484 -53.2687 1.5515 0 0 0 11.872
Story1 D1 Comb2 3.0968 -40.0992 19.9888 0 0 0 -4.8047
Story2 D1 Dead 0 16.1162 -10.1595 0
Story2 D1 Dead 1.5484 23.4908 0.1649 0
Story2 D1 Dead 3.0968 30.8654 10.4894 0
Story2 D1 Live 0 6.5377 -3.7015 0
Story2 D1 Live 1.5484 9.2377 0.0785 0
Story2 D1 Live 3.0968 11.9377 3.8585 0
Story2 D1 Comb1 0 22.5626 -14.2233 0
Story2 D1 Comb1 1.5484 32.8871 0.2309 0
Story2 D1 Comb1 3.0968 43.2115 14.6851 0
Story2 D1 Comb2 0 29.7998 -18.1138 0
Story2 D1 Comb2 1.5484 42.9693 0.3235 0
Story2 D1 Comb2 3.0968 56.1388 18.7608 0
Story1 D2 Dead 0 -30.8654 -10.4894 0
Story1 D2 Dead 1.5484 -23.4908 -0.1649 0
Story1 D2 Dead 3.0968 -16.1162 10.1595 0
Story1 D2 Live 0 -11.9377 -3.8585 0
Story1 D2 Live 1.5484 -9.2377 -0.0785 0
Story1 D2 Live 3.0968 -6.5377 3.7015 0
Story1 D2 Comb1 0 -43.2115 -14.6851 0
Story1 D2 Comb1 1.5484 -32.8871 -0.2309 0
Story1 D2 Comb1 3.0968 -22.5626 14.2233 0
Story1 D2 Comb2 0 -56.1388 -18.7608 0
Story1 D2 Comb2 1.5484 -42.9693 -0.3235 0
Story1 D2 Comb2 3.0968 -29.7998 18.1138 0
0 0 0.5107
0 0 8.2486
0 0 0
0 0 0.2431
0 0 3.0481
0 0 0
0 0 0.715
0 0 11.5481
0 0 0
0 0 1.0019
0 0 14.7753
0 0 0
0 0 0
0 0 8.2486
0 0 0.5107
0 0 0
0 0 3.0481
0 0 0.2431
0 0 0
0 0 11.5481
0 0 0.715
0 0 0
0 0 14.7753
0 0 1.0019
TABLE: Beam Forces TABLE: Beam Forces
Story Beam Load Station P V2 V3 T M2 M3
Case/Combo m kN kN kN kN-m kN-m kN-m
Story1 B4 Dead 0 0 0.9641 0 0 0 0
Story1 B4 Dead 0.4433 0 3.0008 0 0 0 -0.8789
Story1 B4 Dead 0.8867 0 5.0374 0 0 0 -2.6607
Story1 B4 Dead 1.33 0 7.0741 0 0 0 -5.3454
MDL max 0
MDL min -5.3454
Story1 B4 Live 0 0 -0.4936 0 0 0 0
Story1 B4 Live 0.4433 0 0.8364 0 0 0 -0.076
Story1 B4 Live 0.8867 0 2.1664 0 0 0 -0.7416
Story1 B4 Live 1.33 0 3.4964 0 0 0 -1.9969
M max 0
M min -1.9969

Story1 B1 Dead 0 0 -3.7718 0 0 0 0

Story1 B1 Dead 0.4333 0 -1.7811 0 0 0 1.2031
Story1 B1 Dead 0.8667 0 0.2097 0 0 0 1.5436
Story1 B1 Dead 1.3 0 2.2004 0 0 0 1.0214
MDL Max 1.5436
MDL min 0

Story1 B1 Live 0 0 -2.3241 0 0 0 0

Story1 B1 Live 0.4333 0 -1.0241 0 0 0 0.7254
Story1 B1 Live 0.8667 0 0.2759 0 0 0 0.8875
Story1 B1 Live 1.3 0 1.5759 0 0 0 0.4863
MLL max 0.8875
MLL min 0
Story1 B1 Comb1 0 0
Story1 B1 Comb1 0.4333 0
Story1 B1 Comb1 0.8667 0
Story1 B1 Comb1 1.3 0
Story1 B1 Comb2 0 0
Story1 B1 Comb2 0.4333 0
Story1 B1 Comb2 0.8667 0
Story1 B1 Comb2 1.3 0
-5.2805 0 0 0 0
-2.4935 0 0 0 1.6844
0.2935 0 0 0 2.161
3.0805 0 0 0 1.43
-8.2447 0 0 0 0
-3.7758 0 0 0 2.6044
0.6931 0 0 0 3.2724
5.162 0 0 0 2.0038