Fraction

Maria spent of the money her grandparents gave her on an adventure book. She

also spent of the money on a bag of candy.

What fraction of the payment has Maria spent?

We find the common denominator:

We calculate:

Answer:

Decimal

School lunches cost $14.50 per week. About how much would 15.5 weeks of lunches cost?

Analysis: We need to estimate the product of $14.50 and 15.5. To do this, we will round one
factor up and one factor down.

Estimate:
Answer: The cost of 15.5 weeks of school lunches would be about $200.

Percentage
24 students in a class took an algebra test. If 18 students passed the test, what percent do not
pass?

Set up the problem like this:

First, find out how many student did not pass.

Number of students who did not pass is 24 − 18 = 6

Then, write down the following equation:

x% of 24 = 6 or x% times 24 = 6

To get x%, just divide 6 by 24

6/24 = 0.25 = 25/100 = 25%

Therefore, 25% of students did not pass

Ratio
In a group, the ratio of doctors to lawyers is 5:4. If the total number of people in the group is
72, what is the number of lawyers in the group?

Solution:
Let the number of doctors be 5x and the number of lawyers be 4x.

Then 5x+4x = 72 → x=8.

Proportion

So the number of lawyers in the group is 4*8 = 32.

In a mixture of 45 litres, the ratio of sugar solution to salt solution is 1:2. What is the amount
of sugar solution to be added if the ratio has to be 2:1?

Answer:
Number of litres of sugar solution in the mixture = (1/(1+2)) *45 = 15 litres.

So, 45-15 = 30 litres of salt solution is present in it.

Let the quantity of sugar solution to be added be x litres.

Setting up the proportion,

sugar solution / salt solution = (15+x)/30 = 2/1 → x = 45.

Therefore, 45 litres of sugar solution has to be added to bring it to the ratio 2:1.