CHEM 40.1 PROBLEM SET 1 2nd SEMESTER AY 2018-2019 1, Starting with a solution of 1.50 g compound X in 50.0 mL water, a. Calculate the amount that is recovered by extraction with one 30-mL portion of ether. The ‘compound has a distribution coefficient of 3.5. b. Repeat the calculation for three 10-mL portions of ether. What is the total amount recavered? c. Calaulate for the % efficiency of the multi-step extraction in (b) over the single step extraction in {a). 2. 4.0 of acid A in water was extracted with an organic solvent. The two-step extraction was 12.0 % more efficent than the single step extraction, and extracted 86.5 % of acid A. How much acid A is extracted in both the single and two-step extraction? 3. Complete the follawing table. Given the following errors, state the effect (increase, decrease or no effect) on the % recovery and on the purity of the sample. Also write a phrase or a sentence to explain your answer. EFFECTON | EFFECTON PURITY FRO % RECOVERY ‘OF SAMPLE ‘a.The solvent used for recrystalization dissolves the sample even at room temperature. b.A large amount of solvent was used in the ‘dissolution af crude sample. ‘GAlang stemmed funnel was used instead OFS short-stemmedsterless Funnel in the hot-gravity filtration step. ‘.an ordinary fiter paper was used instead of a fluted filter paper in the het-gravity fikration step. e.Crystals wore washed with het solvent instead of cold solvent during suction fitrtion. . Crystals were not washed during suction filtration, Effect on Experimental MP. g.During MP determination, rapid heating was done ‘to obtain the MP of tho recrystallized sample. fA large amount of sample was used for MP ‘dotermination, 4, The following impurities are present on the crude compound CANDACE. Impur Solubility at Room Temp | Solubility at 100 °C (g/10mL) (g/ LOM PHINEAS 0.00051 0.025 FERB 7.30000 9,700 Propose a schematic diagram on the recrystallization of the crude compound CANDACE. Consider water as the recrystallizing solvent. Indicate in each step the fate of the desired compound, impurities present and the solvent used in recrystallization. pal ay be rep Pe and Natural Products Division, Institute of Chemistry, UPLB, College, Laguna.5, Substance A codistils with water. Suppose that the vapor pressure of water at 95 °C is 748 mmHg, calculate the molar mass of substance A if 4.0 g of it codistills with 34.0 g water. 6, Sebastian and his groupmates used orange rinds as their sample for Exercise 3 of CHEM 40.1. The group stopped distillation when the volume of the distillate is 250 mL. Assuring that distillation occurred at 97 °C where the vapor pressure exerted by water is 752.17 mmHg, calculate the percent yield. (density of water is 1.0 g/mL) 7. Camphor (MM = 152 g/mol) has a boiling pont of 204 °C at 1 atm, At 97.5°C, the vapor pressure of water is 739 torr while that of camphor is 21 torr. a. What is the mole ratio of camphor and water in the distillate? b, Calculate the percent by mass of camphor in the distillate. 8. In the steam distillation of Maichi oil at sea level, the distillate contains 0.96 % (w/w) of the oil. The vapor pressure of the oil was 0,27 atm and 15 g of water was collected. ‘a. Calculate the mass of Maichi oil collected. b, Calculate the molar mass of the oil 9. Components A, 8, C, and D were separated by paper chromatography. ‘Component | Solubility in water A 1.0q/Smb 8 1.09/15 c 0.59/15mL D 2.09/50mt. a. Label the relative positions of A, B,C, and D in the chromatogram below based on their solubility b, Calculate the Rf value of each components. (use a ruler) ©. Which compound is the mast polar? 10. If several compounds are present in a sample which is developed on a TLC plate, a column of spots is seen on the developed plate with a, More polar compounds toward the top of the plate and less polar toward the bottom b, More polar compounds toward the bottom of the plate and less polar toward the top Lower boiling compounds toward the bottom of the plate and high boiling toward the top d. Lower boiling compounds toward the top of the plate and higher boiling toward the bottom ‘No part of this document may be reproduced without the written permission of the Organic Chemistry and Natural Products Division, Institute of Chemistry, UPLB, College, Laguna.