Standard Method of Test for Quality of Water To Be Used in Concrete 1, ACIDITY AND ALKALINITY AA The acidity or alkalinity: shall be determined by one of the following methods, A or B. If extreme accuracy is desited, the method under “B” should be used. ‘A. The acidity or alkalinity shall be determined with standard solutions of ‘one-tenth normal alkali or acid, respec tively, using not less than 200 mL of the water under examination. Phenolphiha- lein of methyl orange should be used as an indicator, Excessive acidity or alkalin- ity indicates the nevessity for further B. (a) The hydrogen jon concentration shall be determined either by electrome- tric or colorimetric method in conjunc- tion with the necessary indicator, and shall be expressed in pH units (pH = log \y.). When pH of the water is less than pH 4.5 or more than pH 8.5 further tests should be made. (The pH value of the solution is the logarithm of the reciprocal ofthe hydrogen ion concentra: tion (H+) in moles per liter. For exar- ple, a solution of 4.5 pH has a hydrogen ton concentration of 10-9) (b) The procedure for securing pH values shall be regulated entirely by the ‘method used; that is either by electrome~ twie of colorimetric methods. The proce: dure to be followed in making the deter- ‘minations shall be based on the type of apparatus used and in accordance with the methods and instruction furnished by the manufacturer for the particular type of apparatus in use. The apparatus used, either colorimetric or electrometric, shall, have a working range suitable for the test being performed. 1.2 Chloride lon Concentration— AASHTO DESIGNATION: T 26-79 The chloride ion concentration shall be determined by ASTM D 512, Chloride fon in Industrial Water and Industrial Waste Water, 2. REFEREE METHOD B 24. Sulphate Jon Concentration— ‘The sulphate ion concentration shall be determined by ASTM D 516. Sulphate Ton in Industrial Water and Industrial Waste Water. Referee method (gravi- metic), TOTAL SOLIDS AND INORGANIC MATTER BAL Evaporate 500 ml. of the water to dryness in a dish. For this purpose a platinum dish of 100 t0 200 mL capacity is tound most convenient. The dish shall bbe nearly filled with water and placed fon a water bath, additional portions of the sample of water being added from time to time until 500 mL. have been used. The contents of the dish shall be evaporated to dryness, then placed in an joven at 132°C (270°F) and baked for 1 hour. The dish and contents shall then be cooled in a desiccator and the mass determined, The mass of the residue in ‘grams divided by 5 is the percentage of total solids in the water, 3.2. The total solids obtained as de- scribed may consist of organic matter, ‘oF inorganic matter, or of combinations of organic and inorganic matter. The plat- inum dish shall be ignited at low red heat, and the darkening of the residue during the early stage of the ignition usually indicates the presence of organic ‘matter. The percentage loss on ignition at low red beat will usually be an indica tor of the amount of organic matter, but ishould be noted that some mineral salts tend to volatilize or partly decompose on heating. 3.3 The determination of the compo- sition of the mineral matter in the water requires a complete chemical analysis and is not generally undertaken except when the percentage of total solids is large, or the water appears to give abaor- mal tests in other respects, When the ‘mineral analysis is desired, the procedure starting on page 2388 of Scot's Standard Methods of Chemical Analysis, Sixth Edition (1963), volume Il, should be used. The results should be reported as ‘the separate constituents in parts per mil lion. If the hypothetical combination into salts is desired, the method given by Scott, or the method given on page 336. volume V, number 5. Industrial and Er gineering Chemistry, should be used, 344A comparison of the given water with distilled water can be obtained by ‘making Autoclave Expansion of Portland Cement, T 107, Time of Setting of Hy. Araulic Cement by Vieat Needle, T 131 or Time of Setting of Hydraulic Cement by Gillmore Needle, T 154 and Compres- sive Strength of Hydraulic Cement Mor- tars, T 106 tests, using the same cement fof Standard quality with each water. (Suggested limits for the last named tests are as follows: Any indication of un- soundness, marked change in time-of- setting, or a reduction of more than 10 percent in strength from results obtained ‘with mixtures containing the water of satisfactory quality shall be sufficient cause for rejection of the water under test \s .Standard Method of Test for Sampling Bituminous Materials AASHTO DESIGNATION: T 40-78 (1993) AASHTO T 40-78 (1993) is identical to ASTM D 140-93 except for the following provisions, 1. Insert an additional section immediately following Section 1.1 of ASTM D 140-93 containing the following: “Samples may be taken from tanks, stockpiles, vehicles, or containers used for the storage oF shipping of bitumi- ‘nous materials.” 2. Section 4 of ASTM D 140-93 is not included ia AASHTO Standard T 40-78 (1993). 3. Replace Section 5.1.2 of ASTM D 140-93 with the folowing: 5.12 From bulk storage, 1 L (1 gd for each sampling valve 4. Replace Sections 6.11, 6.12, and 6.13 of ASTM D 140.93 with the following: 6.1.1 Containers for liquid bituminous material samples, except emulsions, shall be double friction-top cans, square ccans with screw tops, or small mouth cans with screw caps. 6.12 Containers for anionic emulsified asphalt samples shall be widemouth jars or bottles made of glass or plastic. 6.1.3 Containers for cationic emulsified asphalt samples shall be widemouth jars or bottles made of plastic or widemouth cans with screw caps, 8. Add a note at the end of Section 6.1 of ASTM D 140-93 as follows: NOTE—Widemouth jars or bottles made of glass may be permitted if previous experience has shown them to bbe satisfactory. 6 Replace Section 7.5 of ASTM D 140.93 with the following: 7.8. Transferring samples from one container to another shall be avoided if possible, as characteristics of materials could be altered during transfer, and there is a possiblity of contamination, 7. Replace Section 8.1 of ASTM D 140-93 with the following: 8.1 Bulk Storage Tanks Not Equipped with Mechanical Agitators (Liquid Materials or Materials Made Liquid by Heating)—Samples shall be obtained by one of the three following methods: & Replace Section 8.1.1 of ASTM D 140-93 with the following: 8.1.1 Tank Tap Method—Using valves or taps at top, middie, and lower locations of the tank draw a 1 to 4 L (I qt to 1 gal) sample from each after clearing by drawing and discarding a minimum of 4 L (1 gal) of the material 9. Sections 8.1.1.1 and 8.1.1.2 of ASTM D 140-93 are not included in AASHTO Standard T 40-78. Ab