Hea WEY pee ro — ie ‘© Allelements are metals, excellent conductors -—B>| © Strong reducing agents (Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs Fe) {Fe Radioactive} [Noblegaslns! Li shows anomalous behaviour and has diagonal relationship with Mg (group). ‘¢ Na" in blood plasma and other interstitial fluids © KY inside the cells important for Nat -K* pump. s-BLOCK ELEMENTS [Last c- enters into ns orbit] ofeectriity softand highly reactive. (© Hydration enthalpy: Li? has maximum Aegrocofhydration Strongly electroposiive Exhibit + oxidation state Monoralent (1B islowes. (AB), isveryhigh. ‘Weakmetlicbonds Lownmeltingandboiling points Paramagnetic Formioniccompounds U,Na,K-lighter than water FlamecolourationLi-crimson,Na-yllo, K-paleviole,Rb-redvilet,Cs-blue © Exhibitphotoelectric effect (except Li) Ingascousstate:Li [M(NH) I+ [NH 0" ‘+ Allreactirecty with halogens to form sonic | (Be, Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, Ra) [Ra Radioactive] ie [Noble gas} a= Beshovwsanomaloushehaviourand has diagonal relationshipwith Al (group 13). =a =. ae They ae ll sivery white metals, malleable and ductile © onisationesthalpy "SH, (group2) > 8 (group) ff(group!) > 3sr0up2) Lee dlecropoitiv than group! Exhibits 2oxiaton sate Divalent Lesmetalcthan group Higher meking_and boiling points than group! Diamagneti ‘All(exept Be formoniccompounds Density decrestes fom Beto Ca, incresses [" aes excep y WR Na,CO, 101150 Sodium carbonate washingsoda) © Manufactured by Solvay process © Used in softening hard. water, cleaning paints, soap, glass, petroleum and metal] refining paperand textile industry |e Fusion mixture: Na3CO3 +K3CO3 | }>{ Nattco, Sodium hydrogencarbonate (baking soda) 1 Prepared by Solvay process © Usedin fire extinguishers, used as atiseptic, antacid in preparation ofbaking powder. © Be-tleasteactve, Baand Ra—smostreactive. (Cabs, Sr— storedinparafin © Weakerredacingagentsthan group © Beand Mg kinetically ner to 0; because ‘of formation ofan oxide film on their surface. © Form cryslline ionic solid nitrides (M5N;) ‘except Be, whichisovalentand volatile. (© Hydrides > ionic except Beffy and Mgt (Worm four 3 2ebonds or bannabonds) © Carbides (MC,) with C except Be which forms BeyC (ionic). ‘© Dissolve in NH ~» due solutions bright| blue colour, but concentrated solutions, bronze coloured (due tometal cluster) ‘© Form amalgams and Be, Mg have maximum tendency toform complexe. ——— eo — cxou), Calciumbydroxide staked ime) ‘th smallamount of gypsim. © CaO = 50-60%, 10, = 20-25%, ALO, = 510% MgO = 23%, Fe,03= 1-2%,50,= 1.2% ‘#Iflime in excess ~> Cement cracks du settings. + _Mlime less» Cement with weakstrength. . + as cat jin enzymatic reactions, from Cato! i ect mF oes _ pecan | Sodium chloride (common salt) 0 eo, Sr-crimson, Ba-apple green, Ra-crimson| | | Used in preparation of NaCOy NaOH, eres Ranqemen iene a | Y: plone fon ee ee ee Jj» Manufactured by Castner and Kellner’ cll ‘ormercury cathode cll. | Used in preparation of soup, paper, rayon Peel fabrics, petroleum refi P{caco, CCakeium carbonate (limestone) ‘© Used in manufacturing cement [ime stone >| Macl,-5Mg0-28,0 Magnesia cement or Sorelcement (© When saturated solution of MgCl, ismixed| with MgO. then the paste obtained sets toa Calcium sulphate (Gypsum or alabaster or selenite) fe Weis shiny like marble and is used to makeormaments. © Usedasbuildingmaterialasmorar (lakedlime + sand +H,0) © White weashing ‘© In preparation of NH, Bleaching powder ss tanning industry, purification of sugar be Macon), ‘Magnesium hydroxide (Milkof magnesia) fo Unedasanantacd (CaC0,) + ehy (lea and alumina) + ears xpsum (Ca9042H,0)}, © susedas ~ dental iin ~ afi fr pase due ith poh i cas0, 28,0. ~ forcementig glassand pores. = formaking artical stones. be| caso, 1/281,0 Calcium sulphatehemihydrate (plaster ofPars) © Used in surgical bandages for fractured bones ofthebody, ‘© For producing moulds for pottery and