(@@)\ (23m GENERAL ORGANIC CHEMISTRY | ssc forse Secs VPN (ISOMERISM AND ELECTRON | Snot ‘covalent bonds determines the polarity of DISPLACEMENT EFFECTS) | possattnticmetivonanes poy Metamerism = KT lh. Compounds difer in the Compounds exist in dynamic ‘gulibriamysith eachother. Aslues due to tigation of hydrogen sora atare fall groups tached fon either side of the tame roms abe atom to the eter wi eee Bees Bema pavae tah ter i be Signo wt = tn dyad sytem, Teatom osclater beoween two MCTyOCH,CH,CH, ~Intradsrem, atom migrate meting Ring Chain Tomerism ele ar pact tee fear DP Compounds der in the node of linkage of Clore molecule. ef.CHCH=CH, and Structural Isomerism Aris when compounds ye same molecular ISOMERISM ‘The phenomenon of exitence of two oF more compounds having = (he ssse molecalar foils but ‘ifferent chemical ané, ope ee piv proper Chain or Ne corti: compen ty te Peathehotnd setineboniner, Coe ~~ croc, iencnot and ee " rai vostion i ‘ee ‘ Compounds differ in the Ce yest fle bond oe opti Recto ewsce ' { ert era areeee . eeneeies USecscrercieeee pomers der oni in bbe ‘cny,cncn, ston sot ig bond eg gpd corel padi <= Re ne hk et he pe =a fated ig op 0 ed Ace 1 Geatrortatry HH el eee ase ee rer ae a pied Ag te bt eee LA sesecisomesism ‘Ariees ‘when compounds \Y) oti meind) 9 tural ede NE orem Cm ae Thome = Inomere dif inthe arrangement Diplacement of o-clectons ey ‘of atoms or groups in space de to along. a saturated cabo chain whenever an atom of diferent indeed otton around the doble eoneateny prs at he en of onde thechaint eed induce. wat < Resonance or ‘© The atom or group which has tendency to A ot aati Peerrescee erator letromeric a OE wth ce wt a0nett “Thedlowafdectons om oneputahe pies per seman Fe The som of group whch bas eae of eens of onivned stem the othe aTeeas Of, tendency to repel eecrons away maluple bond to one of the bonded See in Pi a"tve™ saminenfanatcine races © Groups which donate electrons to the double . ‘# Ifthe clectrons are transferred towards the Tenders cnhgaed yen ard have FR eee ord eet OH, “OR “Sth “SR, Ni ‘tigen ee Oe este aed -NHR-NRy -CL-Be ete ‘6 If the electrons are tranaerred away ieee eee cts from the attacking reagent the eflect” __Hyperconjugation Effect congue em twats emacs ar ead Efe, Delocalsation of «electrons tudiohave Ror Mefecteg. through overlapping ofp-orials ofa 3e=0, —cHo, —cooR TEN, =NO; ee wanna ® double bond with c-orbtal of the adjacent single bond is called xD Ihyperconjogation. 1» Theeflect decreases with decrasein ELECTRON DISPLACEMENT EFFECTS number ofuhydrogens ie, a. “alpen C=