THE DOCTRINE OF ONE ACTOR: JUNAYD’S VIEW OF TAWHID MUHAMMAD ABDUL HAQ ANSARI* Hx most oustanding figure among the early sufis is undoubtedly Junayd’s. More than any other of that age he contributed to the growth of what constitutes the mainstream of sufism. The famous eighteenth century Indian scholar and sufi, Waliy Allah (d. 1176/1762), in an exceedingly illuminating review of the development of sufism, describes Junayd’s contribution as follows: “All founders of sufi /arigahs and expounders of sufi doctrines, or at least the majority of them, agree on the fundamental principles of the sufi tarigah, even though they difler with regards to the methods of their practical realization. These fundamental principles are associated witht the name of Junayd, the leader of the sufi community (Sayyid ‘-ta ifah); for, most of these principles have been formulated by him. The sulis of his age turned to him, and in fact all sufi orders originate from him, except of course such leaders as claim to have no teacher”! There would hardly be a sufi who would not agree with this assessment. From Qushayri® (d. 465/1072) and Hujweri* (490/1096) to Attar’ (d. 622/125) and Jami® (d. 898/1494) all introduce Junayd in language very similar to what Waliy Allah has said. In what follows we shall discuss the basic principles of the sufi