112 pter tests nothing but your imagination. I think of MATHS. You need not to be an artist > at Ieast you must be capable to visualize the es. So before going for the tedious and liar Ms fngamentals ofthe geometry. Basically it consists of use proportion of problems in CAT, Sometimes 8-10 ge elated to this chapter in addition with mensuration sedin CAT. Therefore itis advised that you must leam % pte religiously forthe sake of yourscore in CAT, Apart ‘CAT other entrance tests for MBA ask a plethora of sas well emember if you don’t take seriously any theorem, x concept you cannot perform well since the seat oF ideas, figures and concepts makes ita daunting foryou. F forthe sake of convenience this chapter is divided into 5 —S (i) Lines, angles and planes (i) Triangles (ii) Quadrilaterals (x) Polygons (y) Circles and Loci "Well begun is half done”’—Anonymous june ano ANGLES! 7) Point: The figure of which length, breadth and height be measured is called a point. It is infinitesimal. Line: A line is made up ofa infinite number of points has only length ie, it does not has any thickness (or ‘width). Ineis endless ie., it can be extended in both directions. -__ oe Line segment: A line segments has two. end points, but aly speaking line segment is called a line. A B (line segment 4B) Ray: A ray extends indefinitely in one direction from iven point, This is exhibited by an arrow. The starting iscalled as the initial point. a GEOMETRY Plane : having Jength and breadth both, but hho thickness, It is a two dimensional figure, It is a flat surface, (Piane) Type of Lines| Definition Parallel lines [Two lines, lying in a plane and having no common intersecting) point are called parallel lines. The distance between two parallel lines is constant. Perpendicular|Two lines, which lie in a single| lines [plane and intersect eachother at} right angle, are called |perpendicular lines. je Symbol: Concurrent lines [More than two straight lines intersecting at the same point ‘POINTS TO REMEMBER J 2 3. 4, 5. 6. 8. A line contains infinitely many points. ‘The intersection of two different lines is a point. Through a given point, there pass an infinite number of lines and these lines are called concurrent lines. Only one line can passthrough any two particular points, When more than two points Tie on a line, they are called as collinear points else they are called as non-collinear points. Two lines can intersect maximum at one point. This points called as point of intersection and these lines are called as intersecting lines. ‘There are an infinite number of planes which pass through a single (particular) point. When more than three points lie in the same plane, they are called as coplanar else they are called as non-coplanar. ‘When more than one line lie in the same plane, then these lines are called as coplanar else they are called as non-coplanar.RN —— age 10, When two plane intersect each other, they form & intersecting region is « line. 11. Two different lines which are perp= same (a third line) line, necessarily parallel Hine i, other, lying on the same plane. 12, When two or more . parallel lines are “y € intercepted by some other intercepting lines, then the ratio of Sea aaa SS — ndicular to the 10 each orresponding intercepts are equy ne is generally called a a AB _DE Ve BC EF ‘Angles: ‘The amount of rotation about, the vertex of the angle AOA’ ig anfed the magnitude of the angle, m Z AOA denotes the measure of Zags. Angles are sid 10 be 0. congruent when theit measure is same, (y ‘Types of Angles Property Acute ae (4£AOB is an acute angle) Right 950° (2408 is « right angle) Obtuse 90°< 6< 180° (2A0B is an obtuse angle) Straight eerso (ZAOB isa straight angle) ACHES +] 180°< 8< 360° (ZA0B is a reflex angle) Complementary 8, +0, =90° Two angles whose sum is 90°, are complementary to each other Supplementary 0, +0, =180° Two angles whose sum is 180°, are supplementary ‘to each other.4a7 Property Diagram ‘BOC and 2DOB = Z40C OB and 2BOC are adj went angles ingles must have a common side, (e he Oy 6 © AOB and BOC are linear pair angles, One side B must be common (e.g, OB) and these two angles must be supplementary. Ot a ° C % OK athe one side of & |0, +03 +0, =180" round the point 8, +8, +6, +8, =360° OC is the angle bisestor of ZAOB. § a ie, LAOC=2BOC = (2.40B) ° B When a line segment divides an angle equally into | (Angle bisector is equidistant from the two parts, then it is said to be the angle bisector | two sides of the angle) (ocy if oe & AC=BC 8 When two lines are intersected by a transversal, 5 then they form four pairs of corresponding angles @/® (a) LAGE, LCHG = (42, 26) @® (b) ZAGH, ZCHF = (23, 27) (c) ZEGB, ZGHD = (41, 25) © i © (d) ZBGH, ZDHF > (24, 28) c@/® ‘These are following four angles () ZAGE => 22 (i) ZCHF = 47 (i) ZEGB > 21 iy) DHF = 0 SS Sa