UNIVERSITY EXAMINATIONS UNIVERSITEITSEKSAMENS: UNISA lien HVE4701 OctoberiNovernber 2018 High Voltage Engineering !V (Theory) Duration 3 Hours 100 Marks EXAMINERS, FIRST MR E NAUDE SECOND MR TS HLALELE EXTERNAL DR JL MUNDA Programmable pocket calculator 1s permissible Closed book examination ‘This examination question paper remains the property of the University of South Africa and may not be Femoved from the examination venue This examination question paper consists of 4 pages including this cover page plus 1 page Formulae sheet Answer all the questions2 HVE 4701 OCTOBER/NOVEMBER 2018 PLEASE NOTE: IF YOU HAVE THE OPINION THAT INSUFFICIENT INFORMATION IS SUPPLIED FOR YOU TO ANSWER A PARTICULAR QUESTION, MAKE A REALISTIC ASSUMPTION, MOTIVATE IT AND THEN ANSWER THE QUESTION. SECTION 1: CALCULATIONS 4 ‘A 200 KVA 400 V/200 kV step up transformer has a resistance and a reactance of 1 5% and 4% respectively This transformer is used to test a cable of 400 kV at 50 Hz The cable takes a charging current of 600 mA at 400 kV 114 Drawa circutt diagram giving all the known values (3) 412 Determine the series inductor required (4) 113 Determine the input voltage to the transformer Neglect the dielectric loss of the cable A sheet of Bakelite 5 mm thick is tested at 50 Hz between electrodes 125mm in diameter The Schenng Bridge employed has a standard compressed air capacitor of 110pF, a non-nductance resistance of 3000 in parallel with a variable capacitance C, and a non-inductive variable resistor R Balance 1s obtained with C = 540 nF and R = 250 0 121 Calculate the p f of the sheet (6) 122 Calculate the permittivity of the sheet (4) ‘An 88KV 50Hz high voltage Schering Bridge Is used to test a sample of insulation The various arms have the following parameters on balance The standard capacitance 1s 500 pF, the resistive branch is 1k and the branch with paralle! combination of resistance and capacitance has values 200 0 and 100 nF Determine 131 The value of the capacitance of this sample (2) 132 The value of tts parallel equivalent loss resistance (2) 133 Thepf (2) 134 The power loss under these test conditions 2) Determine the following for an 88 kV AC generator, 25 kQ resistor, 250 kQ coil and a 400 kQ all in series 141 The Quality factor (2) 142 The voltage magnification at resonance (2) In Paschen's Law, assume, for air, A=13, B= 360 and y = 0 02 Determine (Pd)mn and Vomn (4) (TURN OVER]16 3 HVE 4701 OCTOBER/NOVEMBER 2018 With all other parameters remaining identical, determine the approximate ratio of voltage drop for an 8 stage to 4 stage Cockcroft-Walton circuit (4) {40} ‘SECTION 2 - THEORY 24 22 23 24 25 The following questions, 211 to 2110 1s about the application of insulating materials 211 Insulating fluids (gasses and liquids) provide insulation between phases and between phase and grounded parts of electrical equipment State another function of insulation fluids (1) 212 Whatis the cotls made of in small rating power transformers? (1) 213 Describe the use for large size transformers (2) 214 Inollfilled transformers, the transformers oll is the main insulation However, what is used between various layers of low voltage and high voltage windings? @) 215 What does SF6 gas insulated power transformers use for winding insulation and what insulation is used for turn to turn insulation? (2) 216 Name the two main functions of an insulating fluid in circutt breakers 2) 2147 Name four insulating matenals used in power cables 4) 248 What methods are used for elimination of void formation in power cables? 2) 219 Describe the method of laying up the paper and metallic foil in power capacitors for the connection of lugs (4) 2110 Name the three types of paper used as insulating materials for power capacitors bushings 3) Name three assumptions made for the vacuum breakdown mechanisms based on the clump mechanism ©) If the gap length 1s small, a variation of gas pressure at a given range does not affect the breakdown voltage Give this range (2) An insulating belt is moving with uniform velocity v in an electnc field of strength E(x). Suppose the width of the belt is b and the charge density o, consider a length dx of the belt, the charge 1s dq= obdx. Assuming no losses, prove that the power output is P = VI (6) 251 Draw a neat sketch of a basic scheme for cascading three transformers 252 What's the main disadvantage of cascading the transformers? 253 It has been observed that the impedance of a two stage transformer 1s about X times the impedance of one unit and a three stage impedance 1s Y times the impedance of one unit transformer What is X and Y? ©) [TURN OVER]