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Negotiable Instruments Law PDF
Negotiable Instruments Law PDF
HOLDER
DEFINITIONS
Payee or indorsee of a bill or note who is in
possession of it, or the bearer thereof.
NEGOTIABLE INSTRUMENT
• Written contract for the payment of THE LIFE OF A NEGOTIABLE INSTRUMENT:
money, by its form intended as 1. issue
substitute for money and intended to 2. negotiation
pass from hand to hand to give the 3. presentment for acceptance in certain bills
holder in due course the right to hold the 4. acceptance
same and collect the sum due 5. dishonor by on acceptance
6. presentment for payment
PROMISSORY NOTE 7. dishonor by nonpayment
• unconditional promise in writing made 8. notice of dishonor
by one person to another signed by the 9. protest in certain cases
maker 10. discharge
• engaging to pay on demand, or at a
fixed or determinable future time a sum
certain in money to order or to bearer NEGOTIABILITY
• where a note is drawn to the maker’s
own order, it is not complete until REQUISITES
indorsed by him 1. in writing and signed by maker or
drawer
BILL OF EXCHANGE • no person liable on the instrument whose
• unconditional order in writing addressed signature does not appear thereon
by one person to another signed by the ( subject to exceptions)
person giving it • one who signs in a trade or assumed name
• requiring the person to whom it’s liable to the same extent as if he had
addressed to pay on demand or at a signed in his own name
fixed or determinable future time a sum • signature of any party may be made by a
certain in money to order or to bearer duly authorized agent, no particular form of
• check: bill of exchange drawn on a appt. necessary
bank payable on demand. Kinds of
checks: 2. unconditional promise or order to pay
1. personal check • unqualified order or promise to pay is
2. manager’s/cashier’s check – drawn unconditional though coupled with
by a bank on itself. Issuance has the a. an indication of a particular fund out of
effect of acceptance which reimbursement to be made, or a
3. memorandum check – “memo” is particular account to be debited with
written across its face, signifying that amount, or
drawer will pay holder absolutely b. a statement of the transaction which
without need of presentment gives rise to the instrument
4. crossed check – • an order or promise to pay out of a
• effects: particular fund is not unconditional
a. check may not be encashed but
only deposited in bank a sum certain in money
b. may be negotiated only once, to • even if stipulated to be paid---
one who has an acct. with a a. with interest, or
bank b. by stated installments, or
Commercial Law – Val Feria, Mina Herrera, Gary Mallari & Rachel Ramos
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