Six Ideas That Shaped =e a i us a 4 i Bs ll l ALES UOC z AesSome Physical Constants Speed of light © 300% 10° m/s Gravitational constant G 667 x 10 J-m/kg? Coulomb constant k 899 x 10°]-m/C? Planck’ constant 6.63 x 10° kg:m?/s Boltzmann's constant fy 1.38 x 10° J/K Proton charge e160 x10C Electron mass me 9211 x 10 kg Proton mass my 1.67 x 1077 kg, ‘Neutron mass My 1.68 x 10-77 kg, ‘Commonly Used Physical Data Gravitational field strength ¢ 9.80:m/s? Mass of the earth Me 5.98 x 10 kg Radius of the earth Re 6380 km (equatorial) ‘Mass of the sun Mz 1.99 x 10" kg, Radius of the sun R, £696,000 km. Distance to moon 3.84 10°m Distance to sun 1.50 x 10! m Den Density of air* Absolute zero Freezing point of water! Room temperature Boiling point of water" Normal atmospheric pressure of water* 373K = 100°C 101.3kPa Useful Conversion Factors ‘meter = 1 m= 100 cm = 39.4 in. = 3.28 ft ‘mi = 1609 m = 1.609 km = 5280 ft 254m Lily = 9.46 Pm = 0.946 x 101m I mile Lin ‘Llight-year Thou Aday year =1 y = 365.25 d =31.6Ms = 3.16 x 107s 1 kg-m?/s* = 0.239 eal Leal = 4.186] 1W=1J/s 1kWh =36 Mj 1K (temperature difference) = 1°C = 18°F 1592 rev *Atnormal pressure and at 20°C *Atnormal atmosphere presure Standard Metric Prefixes For powers of 10 Power Prefix __ Symbol 108 exa E 1085 pea =P 102 aes ay 10° siga = G 108 mega M 10 Kilo ik 2 centile 106) tl = an wo = micro 10% nano ee ey oS temo f Ost aa =212°F m/s =224 mi/h. 1 mi/h =1.61 km/h 1 = 0.02832 ms 1 gallon =1 gal =3.79 x 10-* m’ ~3.8kg HO. 1N=1kg-n/s*=1J/m = 0.225 Ib 1ib= 445. Weight of I-kg object near earth =9.8 N =2.2 Ib L cal = energy to raise temperature of 1 g of HO by 1K 1 food calorie = 1 Cal = 1 keal = 1000 cal {horsepower = 1 hp = 746 W 5c Te (3) rm -32Fl 5K &) IT p+ 459.67°F] 360° = 21 rad = 6.28 radFN ia ee it