PRACTICE

I. Rewrite the following sentences using V-ing or having + Vp2

1. I knew that he was poor. I offered to pay his fare.
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2. We barricaded the windows. We assembled in the hall.
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3. She became tired of my complaints about the program. She turned it off.
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4. He found no one at home. He left the house in a bad temper.
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5. He hoped to find the will. She searched everywhere.
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6. The criminal removed all traces of his crime. He left the building.
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7. He realized that he had missed the last train. He began to walk.
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8. He was exhausted by his work. He threw himself on his bed. 
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9. He had spent all his money. He decided to go home and ask his father for a job.
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10. He escaped from prison. He looked for a place where he could get food.
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11. She didn't want to hear the story again. She had heard it all before.
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12. They found the money. They began quarreling about how to divide it.
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13. She entered the room suddenly. She found them smoking.
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14. I turned on the light. I was astonished at what I saw.
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15. We visited the museum. We decided to have lunch in the park.
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16. He offered to show us the way home. He thought we were lost.
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17. He found his revolver. He loaded it. He sat down facing the door.
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18. She asked me to help her. She realized that she couldn't move it alone.
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19. He fed the dog. He sat down to his own dinner.
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20. He addressed the congregation. He said he was sorry to see how few of them had been able to come.
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II. Finish the second sentence in such a way that it has the same meaning as the one printed before it.
1. Steve said to Mike, “Don’t touch the electric wires”.
Steve warned ………………………………………………………………......................................................
2. He was sorry he hadn’t said goodbye to her at the airport.
He regretted ………………………………………………………………........................................................
3. He looks older when he wears glasses. --> Glasses make ……………………………………………………...
4. I don’t find it difficult to get up early in the morning.
 I am used ……………………………………………..…………………….......................................................
5. Sue is excited about going to Spain on holiday.
Sue is looking ……………………………………………………………….....................................................
6. “Why didn’t you go to school yesterday, John?” the teacher asked.
The teacher asked John ..………………………………….…………………...................................................
7. It is expected that the US President will lose the election.
The US President ……………………………………………………………....................................................
8. We didn’t eat at home. We went to a restaurant instead.
Instead of ……………………………………………….………………….......................................................
9. My lawyer said I shouldn’t say anything to the police
My lawyer advised …………………………………....................................................…………….…………
10. We need to wash the car. --> The car .………….....................................................…......................................
(chuyên TN 2012)
11. I could hold a big party due to my Mom’s help.
Had it ........................................................................................................................................................................
12.Success depends on hard work. --> The harder .................................................................................................
13. We have to water these young trees during the dry season.
These young trees......................................................................................................................................................
14. It was such good milk that we couldn’t stop drinking it
The milk....................................................................................................................................................................
15. This kitchen is different from mine => This kitchen is not................................................................................
16. “Are you a member of this club?” the receptionist said to me.
The receptionist asked...............................................................................................................................................
17. You may get hungry on the train, so take some sandwiches
In case........................................................................................................................................................................
18. In spite of not speaking Vietnamese, Mr. Anderson decided to settle Hanoi
Although....................................................................................................................................................................
III. Rewrite the following sentences with the given words
1. Many people think Steve stole the money. believed
Steve ..........................................................................................................the money.
2. The strong winds blew down the two ancient trees during the storm. blown
The two ancient trees .........................................................................................the storm.
3. He doesn't have enough money to buy the computer. too
The computer ............................................................................. to buy.
4. The man suddenly realised that the neighbor was watching him. watched
The man suddenly realised that he .......................................................................the neighbor.
5. I could never have passed that exam without your help. you
I could never have passed that exam .........................................................................me.
6. We paid some people to landscape the garden for us last year. had
We ...................................................................................................... last year
7. "How about going to the cinema tonight?", said Anne suggested
Ann .................................................................................. to the cinema.
8. Barry wasn't strong enough to lift the box. have
Barry didn't ................................................................ to lift the box
9. I think Jean really likes Simon. keen
Jean ...................................................... Simon.
10. The brothers really enjoyed themselves in Spain last summer. time
The brothers really ............................................................. in Spain last summer.
11. No dinner for me, thanks. I ate half an hour ago. already
Thanks, but I ..........................................................................
12. The army were treating the prisoners well. were
The prisoners .................................................................. the army.
13. "Remember to give Alan the card," Beryl shouted at me. reminded
Beryl ................................................................................ the card.
14. He locked the door to prevent the prisoner escaping. so
He locked the door ...................................................................... escape.
15. I would like to be able to speak Arabic. could
I wish ................................................................................
16. The Lord of Brecon built this castle in 1286. by
This castle ......................................................... of Brecon in 1286.
17. Our teachers never let us leave the school. to
We were not ....................................................................by our teachers.
IV. Give the correct form of the verbs in brackets.
Ever since the day I decided to move to London, I have been worrying whether the decision I (1)
…......................... (take) was the right one. As I have already sold my house and (2) ..........................…
arrange) a new job, It is too late to change my mind. However, since then I have heard a lot of negative
things about living in the capital, and lately some of them have begun to bother me. I (3) …...........................
(grow up) in a fair small town and I have spent all my life there. I (4) ….................................... (already
want) to live in big city and so when my company (5) ................................. (offer) me a job in their London
office, I grabbed at the chance. But according to a program I (6) …............................... (just hear) on the
radio, more and more people (7) …................................. (stop) working in London recently, and a lot of
large companies have chosen to move away from the centre . Of course I (8) ….................................... (tell)
my parents that I am moving and they (9) ..................................... (accept)my decision, but when I told my
friends they seemed rather shocked. Since then I (10) …................................ (hope) secretly that the
company would tell me that the move was off.
V. Read the following passage and fill in the blanks with one word from the list. Use each word once.
in grew caused unlike terms investment remains exchange form
unit makes fixed allowed with called
Gold is a measure of wealth which is recognized all over the world. For centuries it was the
foundation of the international monetary system and even today, it (1) …............................ one of the most
important components of a country’s foreign currency reserves.
What (2) …............................ gold attractive is that it has a value of its own for both industrial and
ornamental purposes, (3) …........................... paper bank notes, which are worthless (4) …..............................
themselves. As a result, gold is bought as an (5) …................................ in times of financial uncertainty.
Until the 1930s, several European currency were based on the Gold Standard, which meant that the
value of a (6) ….................................... of currency was fixed in (7) …............................... of a stated
quantity of gold. People could freely (8) ….................................. any bank notes they had for gold. In 1931,
world- wide financial problems (9) ….................................. the Gold Standard to be dropped. Then, in 1935,
the USA, France and the UK (10) …................................ the price of gold at $35 an ounce, which remained
the price until 1971. Because the demand for gold (11) …............................... so fast, however, the price of
gold for ornamental and industrial purposes was (12) …........................... to rise. Today ounce of gold costs
$390 in London.
 Gold for jewelry is mixed (13) ...........................… a mental alloy and the purity of the gold is
measured in carats. Most gold sold to the public has 40% gold and is (14) …............................... nine- carat
gold. Good investors can buy pure from dealers in the …(15)…of gold bars or gold coins.
. People are not free from the influence of TV anywhere in the world nowadays.
Nowhere ...
VI. Read the following passage carefully and choose the best answer to each question
1. WHO IS REALLY ON THE INTERNET?
One of the great things about the Internet, as well as one of its biggest problems, is that people are
basically anonymous on it. In Internet chat rooms and web cafés, people can use a different name and even
create an entirely different identity if they want to.
In some ways, this is a good thing. For many people, it gives them the chance to do things that they could never
do in real life. For example, a person might be very shy in real life, but that same person may find the courage
to make friends on the Internet because it feels safer. In addition, people in some countries are not free to
express their opinions, especially if they don’t like the government. By using a different identity on the Internet,
they can express their opinions without worrying about getting in trouble.
That same freedom to be ‘another person’ on the Internet, however, causes many problems as well. The major
problem is Internet fraud. Many dishonest people use the Internet to pretend to be a different person. Then they
trick a person into trusting them in some way and take their money. In one case, two Japanese men lied to
Filipinos who wanted to travel to Japan. The two Japanese men told them that they could help them get visas to
Japan for a small price (about $ 400 per person). The two Japanese men took thousands of dollars from hopeful
Filipinos, but none of the people ever got their visas. The number of these kinds of crime is quickly rising. Last
year, Internet criminals stole over $ 350 million from trusting people. When you consider that only $ 57 million
was stolen in bank robberies in all of Europe, it is easy to see that Internet crime is a serious problem.
1. The word ‘anonymous’ in bold in paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to _______.
A. nameless B. dishonest C. trusting D. criminal
2. According to paragraph 2, all of the following are true of the Internet EXCEPT _______.
A. it allows people to safely oppose their government B. it makes it easier for people to express themselves
C. it gets people in trouble D. it helps shy people make friends
3. The word ‘they’ in bold in paragraph 2 refers to _______.
A. people B. countries C. opinions D. friends
4. The author mentions two Japanese men in order to _______.
A. suggest that there is a lot of Internet crime in Japan. B. show that getting a visa is very difficult in Japan.
C. show that you shouldn’t trust anyone on the Internet. D. give an example of fraud on the Internet.
5. Why does the author mention bank robberies?
A. To show that there is more money in Internet crime than in robbing banks.
B. To suggest that Internet crime is easier than robbing banks.
C. To show that Internet crime is much more common than other types of crime.
D. To show that banks are safer than the Internet.
2. Most journeys in Britain and the US are made by road. Some of these are made on public transport
but most are by private car.
In Britain many people rely on their cars for daily local activities, e.g. getting to work, doing the
shopping, and visiting friends. People living in urban areas may use buses, trains or, in London, the
Underground, to get to city centres, mainly because traffic is often heavy and it is difficult to find anywhere to
park a car. Some places in the country may have a bus only two or three times a week so people living there
have no choice but to rely on their cars.
In the US large cities have good public transportation systems. The El railroad in Chicago and the
underground systems of New York, Boston, San Francisco and Washington, DC are heavily used. Elsewhere,
most Americans prefer to use their cars. Families often have two cars and, outside major cities, have to drive
fairly long distances to schools, offices, shops, banks, etc. Many college and even high-school students have
their own cars.
Long-distance travel in Britain is also mainly by road, though railways link most towns and cities. Most
places are linked by motorways or other fast roads and many people prefer to drive at their own convenience
rather than use a train, even though they may get stuck in a traffic jam. Long-distance coach/bus services are
usually a cheaper alternative to trains, but they take longer and may be less comfortable. Some long-distance
travel, especially that undertaken for business reasons, may be by air. There are regular flights between regional
airports, as well as to and from London. A lot of freight is also distributed by road, though heavier items and
raw materials often go by rail.
In the US much long-distance travel is by air. America has two main long-distance bus companies,
Greyhound and Trailways. Amtrak, the national network, provides rail services for passengers. Private railway
companies such as Union Pacific now carry only freight, though in fact over 70% of freight goes by road.
The main problems associated with road transport in both Britain and the US are traffic congestion and
pollution. It is predicted that the number of cars on British roads will increase by a third within a few years,
making both these problems worse. The British government would like more people to use public transport, but
so far they have had little success in persuading people to give up their cars or to share rides with neighbours.
Most people say that public transport is simply not good enough. Americans too have resisted government
requests to share cars because it is less convenient and restricts their freedom. Petrol/gasoline is relatively cheap
in the US and outside the major cities public transport is bad, so they see no reason to use their cars less.
(Extracted from Oxford Guide to British and American Culture, Oxford University Press, 2000)
1. In Britain and the US most people travel by ______.
A. sea B. rail C. road D. air
2. According to the passage, people in London may prefer the Underground to their own cars due to ___.
A. cheap tickets B. air pollution C. long distances D. heavy traffic
3. It is mentioned in paragraph 3 that the public transportation systems in the US are good in ______.
A. some states B. all cities C. large states D. large cities
4. Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?
A. Few college students in the US have their own cars.
B. Families in the US often have more than one car.
C. Most Americans prefer to drive their cars outside large cities.
D. The underground systems are popular in some major US cities.
5. The phrase “at their own convenience” in paragraph 4 is closest in meaning to ______.
A. at the latest time and nearest place B. at an appropriate time and place
C. at an early time and nearby place D. at the fastest time and nearest place
6. Which of the following is true about transport in Britain?
A. Long-distance travel in Britain is only by road.
B. There are no regular flights between regional airports.
C. Trains are usually cheaper than long-distance coach services.
D. Heavier items and raw materials are often transported by train.
7. According to the information in paragraph 5, long-distance travellers in the US can choose from ______
mode(s) of transport.
A. four B. two C. one D. three
8. It is stated in the passage that the major problems of road transport in Britain and the US are ______.
A. speeding and bad roads B. accidents and pollution
C. traffic jams and pollution D. drink-driving and traffic jams
9. According to the passage, people in Britain refuse public transport because ______.
A. they like to share rides with neighbours B. they think it is not good enough
C. they see no reason to use their cars less D. petrol is relatively cheap in Britain
10. The word “they” in the last sentence of the passage can best be replaced by ______.
A. the government B. major cities C. Americans D. neighbours
VII. Find and correct mistakes
1. Her brother is interested in to join the English Club.
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2. Would you be enough kind to open the doors please?
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3. Many pupils have extra classes in the evenings with at weekends.
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4. It was one of the better plays we've ever seen.
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5. After checking the doctor gave her some medicine and asks her to stay in bed for a few days
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6. Of my opinion, this book is much better than that one.
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7. John lived in New York since 1960 to 1975, but he is now living in Detroit.
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8. She feels sick now because she eats too much fried meat and cucumber salad last night.
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9. Today I said my mother about my trip to Ho Chi Minh City with my classmates.
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10. She stopped to write her letter because she had to leave for the hospital.
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11. Janet is finally used to cook on an electric stove after having a gas one for so long
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12. Hasn’t anyone tell you knocking on the door before you enter someone ‘s room? Didn’t your parents teach
you that?
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13. The windows of that house haven’t cleaned for months.
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14. My family spent an interested holiday in Europe last summer.
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VIII. Read the texts and decide which word A, B, C or D best fits each space
1/ The ability to weep is a uniquely human form of emotional response. Some scientists have suggested that
human tears are evidence of an aquatic past- but this does not seem very likely. We cry from the moment we
enter this (1) ……. for a number of reasons. Helpless babies cry to (2) ……. their parents that they are ill,
hungry or uncomfortable. As they (3) …….., they will also cry just to attract parental attention and will often
stop when they get it.
The idea that having a good cry can do you (4) ……. is a very old one and now it has scientific validity since
recent research into tears has shown that they contain a natural painkiller called enkaphalin. By (5) ……..
sorrow and pain, this chemical helps you to feel better. Weeping can increase the quantities of enkaphalin you
(6) ……….
Unfortunately, in our society we impose restrictions (7) …….. this naturally healing activity. Because some
people still regard it as a (8) ……… of weakness in men, boys in particular are admonished when they cry. This
kind of repression can only increase stress, both emotionally and physically.
Tears of emotion also help the body (9) ……… itself of toxic chemical waste, for there is more protein in
them than in tears resulting (10) …….. cold winds or other irritants. Crying comforts, calms people and can be
very enjoyable- consider the popularity of the highly emotional films which are commonly called weepies. It
seems that people enjoy crying together almost as much as laughing together.
1. A. world B. place C. earth D. space
2. A. inform B. communicate C. persuade D. demonstrate
3. A. evolve B. develop C. alter D. change
4. A. good B. fine C. better D. well
5. A. struggling B. fighting C. opposing D. striking
6. A. construct B. achieve C. provide D. produce
7. A. for B. to C. about D. upon
8. A. hint B. feature C. sign D. symbol
9. A. expel B. escape C. release D. rid
10. A. in B. from C. by D. to
2/ English spelling
Why does English spelling have a reputation for being difficult? English was first written down when Christian
monks came to England in Anglo-Saxon (1) ______ .They used the 23 letters of Latin to write down the sounds
of Anglo-Saxon speech as they heard it. However, English has a (2) ______ range of basic sounds (over 40) than
Latin. The alphabet was too small, and so combinations of letters were needed to (3) ______ the different sounds.
Inevitably, there were inconsistencies in the way that letters were combined.
With the Norman invasion of England, the English language was put (4) ______ risk. English survived, but the
spelling of many English words changed to follow French patterns, and many French words were (5) ______ into
the language. The result was more irregularity.
When the printing press was (6) ______ in the fifteenth century, many early printers of English texts spoke other
first languages. They (7) ______ little effort to respect English spelling. Although one of the short-term effects of
printing was to produce a number of variant spellings, in the long term it created fixed spellings. People became
used to seeing words spelt in the same way. Rules were (8) ______ and dictionaries were put together which
printers and writers could refer to. However, spoken English was not fixed and continued to change slowly - just
as it still does now. Letters that were sounded in the Anglo-Saxon period, like the 'k' in 'knife', now became (9)
______. Also, the pronunciation of vowels then had (10) _____ in common with how they sound now, but the
way they are spelt hasn't changed.
1. A. ages B. centuries C. times D. years
2. A. deeper B. longer C. thicker D. wider
3. A. explain B. express C. perform D. tell
4. A. at B. in C. on D. under
5. A. announced B. found C. introduced D. started
6. A. discovered B. invented C. made up D. taken up
7. A. brought B. did C. made D. put
8. A. drawn up B. filled in C. got across D. handed out
9. A. dump B. quiet C. silent D. speechless
10. A. much B. many C. few D. little
VOCABULARY manual (adj, n) thủ công, làm bằng tay, cẩm nang,
adapt (v) thích nghi, thích ứng hướng dẫn
adaptation (n) primitive (adj) nguyên thủy, thô sơ
dynamic (adj): năng động năng nổ, không ngừng console sb for/on sth (v) an ủi
thay đổi, động lực a leopard can’t change its spots cái nết đánh chết
shift (v, n): Thay đổi (vị trí, bản chất) không chừa
adjust (v) điều chỉnh, dàn xếp all mod cons: có đủ tiện nghi hiện đại
endure (v): chịu đựng, cam chịu break the mould: làm được điều khác ở lĩnh vực nào
spoil (v): cướp phá, tước đoạt, làm hư hỏng, làm hại đó, thoát khỏi lối mòn
tính cách change your tune: đổi thái độ
alternate (v, adj) : xen kẽ luân phiên, so le have a change of heart: thay đổi ý kiến
alternative (adj) có thể thay thế know sth inside out: biết thấu đáo cía gì
(n) sự lựa chọn reinvent the wheel : lãng phí thời gian vô ích
potential (n, adj): tiềm năng, tiềm tàng stick to your guns: giữ vững lập trường
steady (adj): vừng chắc, vững vàng turn over a new leaf: cải tà quy chính
(v) làm cho kiên định, vững vàng endure (v) chịu đựng
amend (v) cải thiện, cải tạo, sửa đổi endurance (n)
innovation (n) đổi mới, cách tân (un)endurable (a)
innovative (adj) evolve (v) tiến hóa, phát triển
radical (adj) cơ bản, triệt để, cực đoan evolution (n)
substitute (v) thay thế evolutionary (a)
(n) người thay thế, vật thay thế, revolt (v) nổi dậy, nổi loạn, khởi nghĩa
conservative (adj) bảo thủ, ôn hòa dè dặt revolutionize (v) cách mạng hóa
refine (v) lọc, tinh chế, cải tiến, chau truốt revolution (n)
sustain (v)duy trì, kéo dài, chịu đựng revolutionary (a)
convert (v) đổi, biến đổi abrupt (adj) bất ngờ, đột ngột vội vã
(n)người cải tạo, người thay đổi antique (adj) cổ, cổ xưa, lỗi thời
reform (v, n) đổi mới (n) đồ cổ
modify (v)sửa đổi, thay đổi, làm nhẹ, làm dịu chronological (adj) theo trình tự thời gian, theo tình
revolution (n) cách mạng tự niên đại
breakthrough (n) chọc thủng phòng tuyến contemporary ( adj) đương thời
craft (n) nghề thủ công, mưu mẹo, mánh khóe elapse (v) trôi qua
expire (v) hết hiệu lực