-2%y 2 ee rene marae, 222 Paes | TOWARD DEATH ~ Dee Mae _ AGES TOTHE ida)Sty % 7 O Wy Western Attitudes toward DEATH: From the Middle Ages to the Present by PHILIPPE ARIES translated by PATRICIA M. RANUM Grand portal (“The Las ast Ju wgme ent") 2 of the Cathedral of St. Etienne, 4 MARION BOYARS Bourges. Photo Lauro udo y LondonA MARION BOYARS BOOK Distributed by Calder & Boyars Ltd 18 Brewer Street London W1R 4AS This edition first published in Great Britain in 1976 by Marion Boyars Publishers Ltd 18 Brewer Street London WIR 4AS © The Johns Hopkins University Press 1974 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED ISBN 07145 2551 0 Any paperback edition of this book whether published simultancously with, or subsequent to, the cased edition is sold subject to the condition that it shall not, by way of trade, be lent, resold, hired out, or otherwise disposed of, without the publishers’ consent, in any form of binding or cover other than that in which it is published. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, except brief extracts for the purposes of review, without the prior written permission of the copyright owner and publisher. Printed and bound in Great Britain by REDWOOD BURN LIMITED Trowbridge & Esher Contents Preface ix Tamed Death 1 One’sOwn Death 27 Il. Thy Death 55 IV. Forbidden Death 85 Index 109