Paaddt

ongpar
tnghabeashahahaha

➢ HABEASCORPUS

➢ Habeasc
orpusvAmpar
o

➢ Wi
thoutev
idenc
ebypl
aint
iff
,howwi
llt
hec
our
tdec
ide.

oI
nsof
arast
hec
our
tisc
onc
ernedt
hedet
ent
ioni
slawf
ul

➢ Thes
tandoft
her
espondenti
smor
elawf
ult
hhant
hatoft
hepet
iti
oner

➢I
fres
pondenti
snotapubl
icof
fic
erwhatr
uledoy
ouf
oll
ow.

oTher
ewi
llbenopr
esumpt
ionofr
egul
ari
ty

oSt
andofpr
ivat
eres
pondentt
hatt
hedet
ent
ioni
slawf
ulwi
llnotbear
espons
ibl
e

oI
twi
llonl
ybet
reat
edasapl
eaoft
hef
act
s

➢ Thephr
asei
str
eat
edasapl
eameanst
hat

oI
twi
llonl
ybeanal
legat
ion.Anunpr
ovenal
legat
ion

➢ Gi
veanex
ampl
eofagener
aldeni
al.

oIdonothav
ethi
sper
soni
nmyc
ust
ody

➢ Quant
um ofev
idenc
einHabeasc
orpus

oPubl
icof
fic
er–c
learandc
onv
inc
ing

oPr
ep

➢ Habeasc
orpus,res
pondentispubl
icoffi
cer
.Therei
sapr
esumpt
iont
hatt
hedet
ent
ioni
s
l
awful
,andhepresentsonl
ypreponderanc
eofevidenc
e

➢ Whydon’
tyoual
lowt
hepr
esumpt
ionofl
awf
ulnes
stobedef
eat
edbypr
eponder
ant
ev
idenc
e?

oPr
esumpt
ionofr
egul
ari
tys
tandsi
nthes
amef
oot
ingaspr
eponder
antev
idenc
e

➢ Equi
poi
serul
einevidenc
e.I
ftheev
idenc
eoft
hepr
osec
uti
onandt
hedef
ens
eisequal
,the
ac
cusedwi
llbeacqui
tted

➢I fi
twer
eaciv
ilc
ase,theev
idenc
eforthepl
aint
iffandthedef
endant
,thec
ompl
aintwi
ll
al
sobedis
mis
sed.Deci
si
onwi l
lbei
nfavorofadefendant
➢I
ntheev
entt
hatt
heHBc
our
tgr
antt
hepet
iti
on,
wil
lthedet
aineebedi
schar
ged?

oNo

➢ Thewri
tiscompli
edwithi
ftherespondentf
oll
owstheorderofthecour
t,andthecourtwi
ll
s
til
lhav
etodet er
minei
fthedetai
neeshouldbedi
schar
ged.Itwi
llbetheorderofdi
schar
ge
t
hatwil
laccel
erat
ethefr
eedom.

➢ Dowehav
ethes
amer
ulei
nampar
o?

➢ AMpar
oismeanttobeanimprov
ementt oHB.Thecourthasinmindtoi
ntroduces
uchand
i
mproveHBC.Onei
nnovat
ionist
hatinhabeascor
pus,ageneraldeni
ali
sal
lowed.

➢I
nampar
oiti
snotal
lowed.

➢I nampar o,therespondentmustmakeaspeci
fi
cdenial
,ifnotiti
sconsi
deredagener
al
deni
al.Andt helat
terisnotall
owed.Theampar
oc i
rcul
arr
equiresther
espondentt
omakea
speci
ficdenial
.

➢ Whatels
edoestheampar
ocour
tex
pec
tther
espondentt
ost
ate.Thec
irc
ulari
mpos
es
anot
herburden.

oLawf
uldef
ens
est
hatt
hedef
endantdi
dnotv
iol
atet
her
ightt
oli
fe,s
ecur
ity
,orl
iber
ty

oAc
tiont
odet
ermi
net
hewher
eabout
soft
heaggr
iev
edpar
ty

oAl
lrel
evanti
nfoi
nthepos
ses
sionoft
her
espondent

oAc
tiont
hatwi
llbet
akent
over
ifyt
hei
dent
ityoft
heaggr
iev
edpar
ty

oCi
rcums
tanc
erel
ati
ngt
othedeat
handdi
sappear
anc
etoai
dinpr
osec
uti
on

oWi
tnes
s

oCaus
emannert
imeofdeat
handdi
sappear
anc
e,pat
ter
n,pr
act
icewhi
chbr
oughtabout

oI
dent
ifyandappr
ehends
uspec
t

oBr
ingt
hes
uspec
ttoac
ompet
entc
our
t

➢ Per
iodt
ofi
lear
etur
ninhabeasc
orpus

oNof
ixedper
iod

oI
tisupt
othehabeasc
orpusc
our
t

➢ Per
iodi
nampar
o

oMaybec
itedi
ncont
empt
o72hr
s

➢ Per
iodt
ofi
lear
etur
ninampar
o

o5day
sfr
om t
her
ecei
ptoft
heor
deroft
hec
our
t

➢ Dowehav
esummonsi
nampar
o?

➢ Peti
ti
onforHB,c
our tcanis
sueitri
ghtaway.Thati
swhyi
tisapr
erogat
ivewr
it.Whent
he
pet
iti
oniss
uffi
ci
ent,i
tc anbegrant
edexparte.

➢ Thatistheproc
edureeveni
nampar
o.Al
legat
ionsi
nthepet
iti
onar
esuf
fic
ient
,thec
our
t
c
angr antexpar
tethewri
tofampar
o.

➢ Theimpr
ovementi
nampar
o,t
her
etur
nmus
tbes
ubmi
ttedi
ntheper
iodf
ixedi
nthe
c
ircul
ar.

➢ Whatdoweex
pec
tther
espondentt
otel
lthec
our
t?

oSt
epst
akent
oloc
atet
hewher
eabout
soft
heper
son.

➢ Mayt
her
ebec
redi
bledef
ens
est
hatt
her
espondenti
sal
lowedt
osetup?

oYES.Whatar
esomer
ecogni
zedbyt
heampar
oci
rcul
ar

oDi
dnotv
iol
atet
her
ightt
oli
fe,l
iber
tyands
ecur
ity

oAl
lrel
evanti
nfo.Per
tai
ningt
ores
pondent

oRes
pondenti
spubl
icof
fic
ialorempl
oyee,ac
tionst
akenandt
obet
aken

➢I
nhabeasc
orpus
,whati
sourc
ompet
entc
our
t?

oRTC,CA,SC,s
andi
ganbay
ani
nai
dofi
tsappel
lat
ejur
isdi
cti
on

oSandi
ganbay
an:

oFi
rstl
evelc
our
tsi
fRTCj
udgei
snotav
ail
abl
e

o^Pet
iti
onwi
llf
irs
tbef
il
edwi
tht
heRTC,per
oI–aas
signl
ang

➢I
nhabeasc
orpus
,taposRTC,enf
orec
eabl
elangs
ajudi
ci
alr
egi
on

➢ KapagAmpar
o

➢ AMPARO

oRTC,bas
edonwhat
.
oCri
ti
ci
smsofAmparoci
rcul
ar,s
ourcei
sac i
rcularofsupr
emecour
tandnot129.J
urs
dic
tion
ov
ersubj
ectmat
termus
tbepr ovi
dedbysubstantiv
elawandnotor
derbySC

oCanwegiveagoodjust
ifi
cat
ion:Cour
tofgener
alj
uri
sdi
cti
oni
sanadequat
ereas
onwhyRTC
hasj
uri
sdi
cti
onoveramparo.

➢ Cour
tofAppeal
s:

➢ Rel
yondef
ini
ti
onofWr
itofAmpar
otoj
ust
ifyi
tasapr
ocedur
all
aw:

o“Remedy”nasadefi
niti
onngamparo.Toprotec
tri
ghttol
if
e,li
berty
,ands ecur
ityisvi
olat
ed
ori
sthreat
enedbyv i
olati
onofanunl
awfulact
.Thewri
tshal
lcoverextr
alegalki
ll
ingsand
thr
eat
sordisappear
anc ether
eof
.

➢ Whent hereisvi
olati
onorathr
eatenedvi
olat
ion.Thisi
sconsi
deredasani
mpr
ovementof
habeasc
or pus.Habeascor
pusdoesnotcontai
nat hreatt
oli
fe,l
iber
tyand

CRI
MINALPROCEDURE

CRI
MINALACTI
ONS

➢ Q:Whati
sac
rimi
nalac
tionundert
her
ules
?

oAc r
iminalac
t i
oni
sonebywhi
cht
heSt
atepr
osec
utesaper
sonf
oranac
toromi
ssi
on
puni
shablebylaw.

➢ Q:Ifyouaregoingtocompar
eacivi
lacti
onandc ri
minalac
tion,theyeac hhav
ethei
rown
r
ulesofprocedur
e.Therear
eals
ociv
ilcas
eswhi chapplysmal
lclai
msors ummaryproc
edur
e.
I
nc r
iminalpr
ocedure,doweal
sohavesmallcl
aimsands ummaryproc edure?

oSummar
ypr
ocedur
e–Yes

oSmal
lcl
aims–No

oWehav
es ummar
yproc
edur
eforc
rimi
nalc
ases
,butwedonothav
esmal
lcl
aimsc
aseswhi
ch
ar
ecr
imi
nalinc
har
act
er

➢ Q:Whydon’
twehav
esmal
lcl
aimsc
asesc
rimi
nali
nchar
act
er?

oThecasesgov
ernedbytheRuleonSmall
Clai
msarel
imi
tedonl
ytoCIVI
LCASESwhichar
e
ex
clus
ivel
yfort
hepaymentorreimbur
sementofas
um ofmoneynotexc
eedi
ngP200,
000.
00

➢ Q:Incivi
lcases,wemustcomplywit
hbarangayc
onci
li
ation,prov
idedt
hatt
hepart
iesar
e
natur
alpersonsandtheyres
idei
nt hesameci
tyormuni
cipali
ty.Doweals
ohavebar
angay
conci
li
ati
oni ncri
minalc
ases?
oYes
.Ther
ear
esomec
rimi
nalc
asest
hatmus
tfi
rstunder
gopr
iorbar
angayc
onc
il
iat
ion

➢ Q:Whatar
ethes
ecr
imi
nal
cas
es?

oGR:Sec ti
on408,LocalGov
ernmentCode.Theluponofeachbar
angayshal
lhaveauthor
ityt
o
bri
ngt oget
hertheparti
esact
ual
lyr
esi
dinginthesamec i
tyormunic
ipal
it
yforamicabl
e
set
tlementofALLDI SPUTES

oEXPN:AsamendedbyA.
M.14-
93,ex
cepti
nthef
oll
owi
ngdi
sput
es:

▪x
xxx
x

▪(6)Offens
esforwhi
chthelawprescri
besamaxi
mum penal
tyofi
mpr
isonmentex
ceedi
ngone
[1]yearorafi
neofoverf
ivethousandpesos(
P5,
000.
00)
;

▪(
7)Of
fens
eswher
ether
eisnopr
ivat
eof
fendedpar
ty;

▪(8)Di
sputeswhereur
gentlegalacti
onisnec
ess
arytoprev
enti
njus
tic
efr
om bei
ng
committedorfur
thercont
inued,speci
fi
cal
lyt
hefol
lowi
ng:

•(
a)Cr
imi
nalc
aseswher
eac
cus
edi
sunderpol
ic
ecus
todyordet
ent
ion

oSinc
et heimpos
ablepenal
tyshoul
dnotexc
eed1year
,theoff
ens
esr
efer
redt
oint
he
enumerati
onarel
ightof
fenses
.THUS,BARANGAYCONCI LI
ATI
ONSHALLBEACONDITI
ON
PRECEDENTONLYI NLI
GHTOFFENSES.

➢ General
l
y,thedeviceincr
imi
nalpr
oceduretoacqui
rej
uris
dic
tionistoi
ssueawarrantof
arr
est
.Theremedyav ail
abl
etotheac
cused:post
ingofbai
l.Bai
lisals
othemeansof
rec
ogniz
ingthejur
isdict
ionoft
hecourtwhenapersonhasbeeni s
suedawarrantofarr
est

➢ Ther eisaproblem nowifthecasereachesthecourtwithoutfir

stundergoingbarangay
concil
iati
on.Evenifthereisaninf
ormat i
onthatisf
il
ed,thec ourtcannotis
sueawar r
antof
arr
esti mmediatel
y.Thereasonisthatinthecaseswhichrequirebarangayconcili
ati
on,t
he
courtisprohi
bitedfrom is
suingwarrantofarr
est.I
notherwor ds,warrantofarresti
snot
i
ssuedi nli
ghtof f
enses

➢ Q:Howwillt
hec our
tnowacqui
rejur
isdict
ionovert
heacc
us edifi
tisnotall
owedtoi
ssuea
warr
antofar
rest?Theremus
tbeas ubst
itutedevi
ceofac
qui
ringjuri
sdic
tionovert
heac
cused
ot
herwis
etheproceedi
ngswil
lbemeaningless

oSUMMONSi sasubsti
tutedevi
cewhichisal
lowedtoacqui
rej
uri
sdic
tionincas
eswherea
warr
antofar
res
tisnotall
owed.Howev eri
twil
lnotworktodet
aintheaccusedsi
ncet
hati
s
thef
uncti
onofawarrantofarr
est,notsummons.

oThus,i
nli
ghtoffens
eswhereawarrantofar
res
tisnotal
lowed,s
ummonsmaybei
ssuedt
o
ac
quir
ejuri
sdi
cti
onov ert
heacc
used

➢ Q:Howabouts
ubpoena?
oNo.I
tisnotamodeofac
qui
ri
ngj
uri
sdi
cti
oni
nci
vi
lcas
esnorc
rimi
nalc
ases

➢ Q:Soi
sthes
ummar
ypr
ocedur
einl
ightof
fens
est
hes
ameasi
nci
vi
lcas
es?

oNo.Ther
eisas
ummar
ypr
ocedur
eofc
ivi
lcas
esandc
rimi
nalpr
ocedur
e.Theyar
edi
ffer
ent
.

oThec
rimi
nalc
asesc
over
edunderSUMMARYPROCEDUREar
e:(
BORAT)

1.Vi
olat
ionsofTr
aff
icl
aws
,rul
esandr
egul
ati
ons
;

2.Vi
olat
ionsoft
heRent
all
aw;

3.Vi
olat
ionsofmuni
ci
palorc
ityOr
dinanc
es;

4.Allot herc ri
mi nalcaseswher ethepenal t
ypr escr
ibedbyl awfortheoffensechargedis
i
mpr isonmentnotex ceedings i
xmont hs,oraf i
nenotex ceeding(P1,
000.00)
,orbot h,
i
rrespec ti
v eofot herimpos abl
epenalties,acc essor
yorother wis
e,orofthecivi
lli
abili
tyari
si
ng
therefrom:Pr ovided,howev er
,thati
nof fens esinvolv
ingdamaget opr
opertythroughc ri
minal
negligenc e,thisRules hallgovernwher et heimpos ablefi
nedoesnotex ceedtent housand
pesos( P10, 000.00).

5.Vi
olat
ionsofB.
P.22(
bounc
ingc
hec
ksl
aw)

➢ Howc
ommenc
ed:byc
ompl
aintorbyi
nfor
mat
ion

➢ Mustbeaccompani
edbyaf
fidavi
tsofcompl
ainantandhiswi
tnes
ses.I
fthisr
equi
rementi
s
notc
ompliedwit
hwithi
n5daysfrom dat
eoffi
li
ng,thecasemaybedis
mi ss
ed

➢ Ar
rai
gnment

➢ Pr
eli
minar
yconf
erenc
e

➢ Tr
ial

➢ Q:I
nci
vilc
ases,weal
sohaves
ubmi s
sionofaf
fidav
its
.Af
tert
his
,thec
our
twi
llnowr
ender
j
udgment
.Willt
hisal
soappl
ytocri
minalcas
es?

oThepart
ieswi
lls
ubmitthei
raff
idavit
s,inc
ludi
ngt
hoseofthei
rwi
tness
.Butt
hepar
ty
i
nter
est
edc anc
onductcr
os s
-ex
ami nati
on.Wedon’
thavethi
sinci
vi
lcases
.

CRI
MINALPROCEDURE

CRI
MINALACTI
ONS

➢ Q:Whati
sac
rimi
nalac
tionundert
her
ules
?

oAc r
iminalac
t i
oni
sonebywhi
cht
heSt
atepr
osec
utesaper
sonf
oranac
toromi
ssi
on
puni
shablebylaw.
➢ Q:Ifyouaregoingtocompar
eacivi
lacti
onandc ri
minalac
tion,theyeac hhav
ethei
rown
r
ulesofprocedur
e.Therear
eals
ociv
ilcas
eswhi chapplysmal
lclai
msors ummaryproc
edur
e.
I
nc r
iminalpr
ocedure,doweal
sohavesmallcl
aimsands ummaryproc edure?

oSummar
ypr
ocedur
e–Yes

oSmal
lcl
aims–No

oWehav
es ummar
yproc
edur
eforc
rimi
nalc
ases
,butwedonothav
esmal
lcl
aimsc
aseswhi
ch
ar
ecr
imi
nalinc
har
act
er

➢ Q:Whydon’
twehav
esmal
lcl
aimsc
asesc
rimi
nali
nchar
act
er?

oThecasesgov
ernedbytheRuleonSmall
Clai
msarel
imi
tedonl
ytoCIVI
LCASESwhichar
e
ex
clus
ivel
yfort
hepaymentorreimbur
sementofas
um ofmoneynotexc
eedi
ngP200,
000.
00

➢ Q:Incivi
lcases,wemustcomplywit
hbarangayc
onci
li
ation,prov
idedt
hatt
hepart
iesar
e
natur
alpersonsandtheyres
idei
nt hesameci
tyormuni
cipali
ty.Doweals
ohavebar
angay
conci
li
ati
oni ncri
minalc
ases?

oYes
.Ther
ear
esomec
rimi
nalc
asest
hatmus
tfi
rstunder
gopr
iorbar
angayc
onc
il
iat
ion

➢ Q:Whatar
ethes
ecr
imi
nal
cas
es?

oGR:Sec ti
on408,LocalGov
ernmentCode.Theluponofeachbar
angayshal
lhaveauthor
ityt
o
bri
ngt oget
hertheparti
esact
ual
lyr
esi
dinginthesamec i
tyormunic
ipal
it
yforamicabl
e
set
tlementofALLDI SPUTES

oEXPN:AsamendedbyA.
M.14-
93,ex
cepti
nthef
oll
owi
ngdi
sput
es:

▪x
xxx
x

▪(6)Offens
esforwhi
chthelawprescri
besamaxi
mum penal
tyofi
mpr
isonmentex
ceedi
ngone
[1]yearorafi
neofoverf
ivethousandpesos(
P5,
000.
00)
;

▪(
7)Of
fens
eswher
ether
eisnopr
ivat
eof
fendedpar
ty;

▪(8)Di
sputeswhereur
gentlegalacti
onisnec
ess
arytoprev
enti
njus
tic
efr
om bei
ng
committedorfur
thercont
inued,speci
fi
cal
lyt
hefol
lowi
ng:

•(
a)Cr
imi
nalc
aseswher
eac
cus
edi
sunderpol
ic
ecus
todyordet
ent
ion

oSinc
et heimpos
ablepenal
tyshoul
dnotexc
eed1year
,theoff
ens
esr
efer
redt
oint
he
enumerati
onarel
ightof
fenses
.THUS,BARANGAYCONCI LI
ATI
ONSHALLBEACONDITI
ON
PRECEDENTONLYI NLI
GHTOFFENSES.

➢ General
l
y,thedeviceincr
imi
nalpr
oceduretoacqui
rej
uris
dic
tionistoi
ssueawarrantof
arr
est
.Theremedyav ail
abl
etotheac
cused:post
ingofbai
l.Bai
lisals
othemeansof
rec
ogniz
ingthejur
isdict
ionoft
hecourtwhenapersonhasbeeni s
suedawarrantofarr
est
➢ Ther eisaproblem nowifthecasereachesthecourtwithoutfir
stundergoingbarangay
concil
iati
on.Evenifthereisaninf
ormat i
onthatisf
il
ed,thec ourtcannotis
sueawar r
antof
arr
esti mmediatel
y.Thereasonisthatinthecaseswhichrequirebarangayconcili
ati
on,t
he
courtisprohi
bitedfrom is
suingwarrantofarr
est.I
notherwor ds,warrantofarresti
snot
i
ssuedi nli
ghtof f
enses

➢ Q:Howwillt
hec our
tnowacqui
rejur
isdict
ionovert
heacc
us edifi
tisnotall
owedtoi
ssuea
warr
antofar
rest?Theremus
tbeas ubst
itutedevi
ceofac
qui
ringjuri
sdic
tionovert
heac
cused
ot
herwis
etheproceedi
ngswil
lbemeaningless

oSUMMONSi sasubsti
tutedevi
cewhichisal
lowedtoacqui
rej
uri
sdic
tionincas
eswherea
warr
antofar
res
tisnotall
owed.Howev eri
twil
lnotworktodet
aintheaccusedsi
ncet
hati
s
thef
uncti
onofawarrantofarr
est,notsummons.

oThus,i
nli
ghtoffens
eswhereawarrantofar
res
tisnotal
lowed,s
ummonsmaybei
ssuedt
o
ac
quir
ejuri
sdi
cti
onov ert
heacc
used

➢ Q:Howabouts
ubpoena?

oNo.I
tisnotamodeofac
qui
ri
ngj
uri
sdi
cti
oni
nci
vi
lcas
esnorc
rimi
nalc
ases

➢ Q:Soi
sthes
ummar
ypr
ocedur
einl
ightof
fens
est
hes
ameasi
nci
vi
lcas
es?

oNo.Ther
eisas
ummar
ypr
ocedur
eofc
ivi
lcas
esandc
rimi
nalpr
ocedur
e.Theyar
edi
ffer
ent
.

oThec
rimi
nalc
asesc
over
edunderSUMMARYPROCEDUREar
e:(
BORAT)

1.Vi
olat
ionsofTr
aff
icl
aws
,rul
esandr
egul
ati
ons
;

2.Vi
olat
ionsoft
heRent
all
aw;

3.Vi
olat
ionsofmuni
ci
palorc
ityOr
dinanc
es;

4.Allot herc ri
mi nalcaseswher ethepenal t
ypr escr
ibedbyl awfortheoffensechargedis
i
mpr isonmentnotex ceedings i
xmont hs,oraf i
nenotex ceeding(P1,
000.00)
,orbot h,
i
rrespec ti
v eofot herimpos abl
epenalties,acc essor
yorother wis
e,orofthecivi
lli
abili
tyari
si
ng
therefrom:Pr ovided,howev er
,thati
nof fens esinvolv
ingdamaget opr
opertythroughc ri
minal
negligenc e,thisRules hallgovernwher et heimpos ablefi
nedoesnotex ceedtent housand
pesos( P10, 000.00).

5.Vi
olat
ionsofB.
P.22(
bounc
ingc
hec
ksl
aw)

➢ Howc
ommenc
ed:byc
ompl
aintorbyi
nfor
mat
ion

➢ Mustbeaccompani
edbyaf
fidavi
tsofcompl
ainantandhiswi
tnes
ses.I
fthisr
equi
rementi
s
notc
ompliedwit
hwithi
n5daysfrom dat
eoffi
li
ng,thecasemaybedis
mi ss
ed

➢ Ar
rai
gnment
➢ Pr
eli
minar
yconf
erenc
e

➢ Tr
ial

➢ Q:I
nci
vilc
ases,weal
sohaves
ubmi s
sionofaf
fidav
its
.Af
tert
his
,thec
our
twi
llnowr
ender
j
udgment
.Willt
hisal
soappl
ytocri
minalcas
es?

oThepart
ieswi
lls
ubmitthei
raff
idavit
s,inc
ludi
ngt
hoseofthei
rwi
tness
.Butt
hepar
ty
i
nter
est
edc anc
onductcr
os s
-ex
ami nati
on.Wedon’
thavethi
sinci
vi
lcases
.

➢ Q:Whyc an’twehavej
udgmentri
ghtaway?Whydowehav etorecal
lthepart
iesi
nor derto
cr
oss-ex
ami net hewit
nes
s?Isn’
tthi
sthepurpos
eofs ummar yprocedur
e?Toex pedi
tethe
pr
oceedings ?Canwenothavethesameruleincr
iminalcas
esc ons
ideri
ngthatli
ghtoff
ens es
donotev enr equi
rei
mpri
sonmentoritmaybedispensedwithbecauseofprobati
on?

oSec .15.Procedureoft ri
al.— Att het r
ial
,theaffidavi
tss ubmittedbyt heparti
ess hall
constit
utethedir
ec ttesti
moni esofthewi tnesseswhoex ecutedt hesame.Wi t
nes s
eswho
testi
fi
edmaybes ubjectedtoc ross
-ex aminati
on,redirectorr e-c
rossexami nat
ion.Shouldt he
affi
antfai
ltotest
ify,hisaffi
dav i
tshallnotbec onsideredasc ompet entev i
dencefort heparty
presenti
ngtheaffidavit
,butt headvers epartymayut il
iz
et hes amef oranyadmi ssi
blepur pos
e.

➢ Q:Whati
sther
eas
on?Whyc
an’
twedoawaywi
thc
ros
s-ex
ami
nat
ion?

oReas
onisf
oundi
nRul
e111andinthecons
titut
ion:Theac
cused’
sCONSTI
TUTI
ONALRI
GHT
TOCONFRONTANDCROSS-EXAMINETHEWI TNESSESAGAI NSTHIMATTHETRIAL

J
URI
SDI
CTI
ONI
NCRI
MINALCASES

➢ Q:Whatar
ethec
our
tswhi
chex
erc
isec
rimi
nalj
uri
sdi
cti
on?

oMTC

oRTC

oFC

oCTA

oSandi
ganbay
an

oCAàAppel
lat
eJur
isdi
cti
on

oSCàAppel
lat
eJur
isdi
cti
on

➢ Q:IftheSCact
sint
heex er
cis
einori
ginalj
uris
dict
ion?Rememberthatt
heSCc antr
y
f
actuali
ssuesi
namparoandhabeasdata.Butthi
sisinexer
cis
eofit
sappel
lat
ejur
isdi
cti
on.
Wil
litdemeanthemembersoftheSCifwes aythati
tc ant
ryfac
t
oGR:No,i
tisnotat
rieroff
act
s

oEXPN:YES,i
fitdec
idest
odos
oifi
tinv
okesi
tsor
igi
nalj
uri
sdi
cti
onundert
hec
ons
tit
uti
on

➢ Q:Whati
stheor
igi
nalj
uri
sdi
cti
onoft
heSCundert
hec
ons
tit
uti
on?

oSec
tion5,Ar
tic
leVI
II
,1987Cons
tit
uti
on.TheSupr
emeCour
tshal
lhav
ethef
oll
owi
ngpower
s:

▪Ex
erc
iseov
erc
asesaf
fec
tingambas
sador
s,ot
herpubl
icmi
nis
ter
sandc
ons
ulsx
xxx

oThec
ons
tit
uti
ondoesNOTdi
sti
ngui
shwhet
hert
hes
ecas
esar
eci
vi
lorc
rimi
nal

➢ Q:Howaboutt
hec
our
tofappeal
s?Whati
sit
sor
igi
nalj
uri
sdi
cti
on?

oI
tcant
ryc
rimi
nalc
asesf
orv
iol
ati
onofAnt
i-Ter
ror
ism Ac
t

➢ Q:Whataboutt
heSandi
ganbay
an?Wher
eisi
tsj
uri
sdi
cti
onf
ound?

oR.
A.8249

o2thingstotakei
ntoc
ons
ider
ati
on:t
henat
ureoft
heof
fens
eandThes
alar
ygr
adeoft
he
publ
icoff
ici
al.

➢ Sec
tion4ofRA8249pr
ovi
dest
hatt
heSandi
ganbay
ans
hal
lhav
e:

➢ EXCLUSI
VEORI
GINALJ
URI
SDI
CTI
ON:

oVi olati
onsofRA3019( Anti
-graf
tandCor r
uptPracti
cesLaw);RA1379(Forfei
tureofIl
legall
y
Ac quiredWealth);Cri
mesbypubl i
coffi
cersoremployeesembracedinCh.I
I,Sec.2Ti
tleVII,Bk.
IIoftheRPC( Cri
mesc ommi t
tedbyPublicOffi
cers
),whereoneormor eoftheaccusedare
offici
alsoccupyingthef oll
owingposit
ionsinthegovernmentwhetherinapermanent,ac t
ing
ori nt
er i
mcapac i
ty,atthet i
meoft hecommi ssi
onoftheoffense:

▪(
1)Offi
cial
softheExec
utiv
ebranchoc cupyingtheposi
ti
onsofregi
onaldir
ect
orandhigher,
ot
herwisecl
ass
ifi
edasGrade27andhi gher,oftheCompensat
ionandPos i
ti
onClas
sif
icat
ion
Actof1989Republi
cActNo.6758)specifi
cal
lyincl
udi
ng:

•(
a)Pr
ovi
ncialgover
nors,v
ice-
gov er
nors
,membersofthesangguniangpanlal
awi
gan,
pr
ovi
nci
alt
reasurers
,as
sessors,engi
neer
sandotherpr
ovinci
aldepartmentheads
;

•(
b)Cit
ymay or
s,vi
ce-
mayors,membersoft
hes angguni
angpangl
ungs
od,c
ityt
reas
urer
s,
as
sess
ors,engi
neer
sandotherdepar
tmentheads;

•(
c)Of
fic
ial
soft
hedi
plomat
ics
erv
iceoc
cupy
ingt
hepos
iti
onofc
ons
ulandhi
gher
;

•d)Phi
li
ppi
neAr
myandAi
rfor
cec
olonel
s,nav
alc
apt
ainsandal
lof
fic
ersofhi
gherr
ank;

•(e)Off
icer
softhePNPwhileocc
upyi
ngthepos
iti
onofPr
ovi
nci
alDi
rec
torandt
hos
ehol
ding
therankofSeni
orSuper
int
endentorhi
gher
;
•(
f)Cit
yandpr
ovi
nci
alpr
osec
utorsandthei
rassi
stant
s;of
fic
ial
sandt
hepr
osec
utor
sint
he
Off
iceoft
heOmbudsmanandspeci
alpr
osecut
or

•(g)Pr
esi
dent,di
rect
orsortr
usteesormanagersofgovernmentownedorcont
rol
led
corpor
ati
ons,st
ateuniv
ers
iti
esoreducat
ionali
nsti
tut
ionsorfoundat
ions
;

▪(
2)MembersofCongr
essandOffi
cial
sther
eofc
las
sif
iedasGr
ade27andupundert
he
Compens
ati
onandClass
ifi
cat
ionActof1989;

▪(
3)Member
soft
heJ
udi
ci
arywi
thoutpr
ejudi
cet
othepr
ovi
si
onoft
heCons
tit
uti
on;

▪(
4)Chair
menandmembersofCons
tit
uti
onalCommi
ssi
ons
,wi
thoutpr
ejudi
cet
othe
pr
ovi
sionoft
heCons
tit
uti
on;

▪(
5)AllOthernat
ionalandloc
aloffi
cial
scl
assi
fi
edasGrade27andhi
gherundert
he
Compensati
onandPos it
ionClas
sif
icati
onActof1989.

oOtheroff
ensesorfel
oni
eswhethersi
mpleorcompl
exedwi
thothercr
imescommi
ttedi
n
r
elat
iontothei
roff
icebythepubl
icof
fic
ial
sandempl
oyeesment
ionedabove;

oCivi
landCr
imi
nalCas
esf
il
edpur
suantt
oandi
nconnec
tionwi
thEO1,2,14&14-
Ais
suedi
n
1986

➢ APPELLATEJ
URI
SDI
CTI
ON

oTheSandi ganbayani
sv est
edwi t
hAppel lat
eJ uri
sdi
ctionoverfi
naljudgments,resol
uti
onsor
order
soft heRTCwhet herintheex erci
seoftheirori
ginalorappell
atejur
isdi
cti
onov ercr
imes
andcivi
lcasesfal
li
ngwithintheoriginalex
c l
usi
v ej
uri
sdicti
onoft heSandiganbayanbutwhich
werecommi ttedbypubli
cof f
icer
sbel owSalaryGrade27.

➢ Q:Anai
rfor
cec
oloneli
stheequi
val
entofanav
alc
apt
aini
sthati
t?

➢ Q:Whati
sthes
tandar
dofdet
ermi
ningj
uri
sdi
cti
onofac
our
t?

➢ Q:Whati
sthet
hres
hol
dwi
thr
espec
ttoRTC?

oMor
e6y
ear
s

➢ Q:6y
ear
sorl
ess
?

oMTC

➢ Q:I
fwes
ayt
hepenal
tyi
s2y
ear
sor3y
ear
s,doweaut
omat
ical
lys
ayt
hatRTCi
sNOTt
he
c
ourt?

oNO,ther
eareot
herf
act
orst
otakei
ntoc
ons
ider
ati
oni
ndet
ermi
ningwhet
herornotac
our
t
ofj
uri
sdi
cti
on

➢ Q:As
idef
rom t
hei
mpos
abl
epenal
ty,whatar
eel
sear
ethef
act
orst
odet
ermi
net
he
j
uri
sdi
cti
onofac
our
t

oLawswhi
chs
pec
ial
lypr
ovi
dedt
hatac
rimi
nalc
ases
hal
lfal
lwi
thi
nthej
uri
sdi
cti
onofac
our
t

➢ Q:Whatar
ethei
nst
anc
es?

oLI
BELàs
hal
lfal
lwi
thi
nthej
uri
sdi
cti
onoft
heRTCev
eni
fiti
spuni
shabl
ebyMTC

oBRIBERYàshal
lfal
lwi
thi
nthej
uri
sdi
cti
onoft
heSANDI
GANBAYANi
fcommi
ttedbyt
he
publ
icof
fic
er

oDAMAGETOPROPERTYTHRUNEGLI
GENCEàMTC

➢ Q:Whati
sthej
uri
sdi
cti
onoft
heRTCac
cor
dingt
oB.
P.129?

oSec t
ion20.Juri
sdi
cti
onincr
iminal
c as
es.–Regi
onalTr
ialCour
tsshal
lexer
cis
eexcl
usi
ve
ori
ginalj
uri
sdi
c t
ioni
nallc
rimi
nalcasesnotwit
hintheex
c l
usi
vejur
isdi
cti
onofanyc
ourt,
tr
ibunalorbody,​

▪Exceptthosenowfal
li
ngundert
heexcl
usi
veandc onc ur
rentj
uri
sdi
cti
onofthe
Sandiganbay
anwhic
hs hal
lher
eaf
terbeexc
lus
ivel
yt akencogni
zanceofbythel
att
er.

oOv
erof
fens
espuni
shabl
ewi
thi
mpr
isonmentex
ceedi
ng6y
ear
s

oWherethepenal
typr
ovi
dedf
orbyl
awi
saf
ine,ov
erof
fens
espuni
shabl
ewi
thaf
inemor
e
t
hanP4,000

➢ Q:Howaboutt
heMTCac
cor
dingt
oB.
P.129?

oSect
ion32,B.P.129Ex c
lusi
veOr igi
nalJuri
sdict
ionoveralloff
ensespunishablewith
i
mpris
onmentnotex c
eedingsix(6)yearsir
respecti
veoft heamountoffine,andr egar
dles
sof
ot
herimposableaccessor
yorot herpenalti
es,i
ncludi
ngt hecivi
lli
abi
li
tyari
singfrom such
of
fensesorpredi
catedthereon,ir
respecti
veofkind,nature,val
ue,oramountt hereof:

▪Provi
ded,however
,Thatinof
fensesi
nvolv
ingdamagetoproper
tyt
hroughc
rimi
nal
negli
gencetheys
hallhav
eexcl
usiv
eorigi
naljur
isdi
cti
ont
her
eof.

oWheretheonlypenal
typr
ovi
dedf
orbyl
awi
saf
ine,ov
erof
fens
espuni
shabl
ewi
thaf
ineof
notmor
et hanP4,
000

➢ Q:Howaboutt
heCTAasac
rimi
nalc
our
t?

oSec
.7,RA1125,asamendedbyRA9282:

oEXCLUSI VEORI GINALJ URISDI

CTIONov eral
lcr
imi
naloff
ens
esari
si
ngfr
om vi
olat
ionsoft
he
Nati
onalInter
nalRev enueCodeorTari
ffandCus t
omsCodeandotherl
awsadmi
nister
edby
theBureauofInternalRevenueortheBureauofCust
oms :

oPr
ovi
ded,howev
er,Thatof
fens
esorf
eloni
esment
ionedi
nthi
spar
agr
aphwher
ethe
pri
nc i
palamountot axesandfees,excl
usi
veofchar
gesandpenalt
ies
,c l
aimedisl
esst
hanOne
mill
ionpes os(
P1,000,
000.00)orwheretherei
snospeci
fi
edamountc lai
meds hal
lbet
riedby
theregularCourt
sandt hejuri
sdi
ctionoftheCTAshal
lbeappel
lat
e.

oEXCLUSI
VEAPPELLATEJ
URI
SDI
CTI
ONi
ncr
imi
nalof
fens
es:

▪a.Overappeal
sfr
om thej
udgments
,resoluti
onsoror
dersoftheRegi
onalTr
ialCour
tsi
ntax
casesor
igi
nall
ydeci
dedbythem,i
ntheirrespect
edter
rit
ori
alj
uri
sdi
cti
on.

▪b.Ov erpeti
ti
onsf orrev
iewofthejudgment s
,resol
uti
onsoror dersoftheRegionalTri
al
Courtsintheex er
ciseofthei
rappel
latejuri
sdi
cti
onovertaxcasesor i
ginall
ydeci
dedbyt he
Metropolit
anTr i
alCourts,Muni
ci
palTrialCour
tsandMunicipalCirc
uitTrialCour
tsi
nt hei
r
res
pec ti
vejur
isdict
ion.

➢ Q:Howaboutt
heFami
lyCour
t?

oSec.5,R.
A.8369.J
uri
sdict
ionoff
amil
yCour
t s
.-TheFamil
yCour
tss
hal
lhav
eex
clus
ive
or
igi
naljur
isdi
cti
ontohearanddec
idet
hefol
lowingc
ases:

▪(a)Cri
mi nalcaseswhereoneormor eoft heac cusedisbel
ow18y ear
sofagebutnotl ess
than9y earsofagebutnotl essthan9y earsofageorwher eoneormor eofthevi
c t
imsisa
minoratt hetimeofthec ommi ssi
onoft heoffense:Provi
ded,Thatiftheminorisfoundguil
ty,
thecourts hal
lpromulgatesentenceandas cer
tainanyc i
vi
lli
abil
it
ywhi chtheaccus
edmay
haveincurred.Thesentence,however,s
hallbes uspendedwithoutneedofappl i
cat
ion
pursuanttoPr esi
denti
alDecreeNo.603,ot her
wi seknownast he"Chil
dandYout hWel f
are
Code

▪x
xxx

▪(
i)Cas
esagai
nstmi
nor
scogni
zabl
eundert
heDanger
ousDr
ugsAc
t,asamended;

▪(
j)Viol
ati
onsofRepubl
icActNo.7610,ot
her
wis
eknownast he"
Speci
alPr
otect
ionof
Chil
drenAgai
nstChil
dAbuse,Expl
oit
ati
onandDisc
rimi
nat
ionAct,
"asamendedbyRepubl
ic
ActNo.7658;and

▪(
k)Cas
esofdomes
ticv
iol
enc
e

➢ Q:CA?

oOr
igi
nalJ
uri
sdi
cti
onàAnt
iter
ror
isml
aw(
HumanSec
uri
tyAc
t)

➢ Q:I
sthi
sex
clus
ive?

oYes

➢ Q:Howaboutt
heSBawhi
leago?

oEx
clus
ive
➢ Q:RTC?

oEx
clus
ive