Slide Slide Voice Over
No.
1. Magnetisation and Demagnetisation We have already learnt how magnet pulls
magnetic substances, today we will learn about
some more properties of magnet.
2. Magnetic Compass The property of magnet to align itself in
particular direction was known since ancient
times and was used to find directions while
travelling in sea or at nights. Magnets were
called lodestone for the same reason.
Today also we use the same concept of magnet
to find out the directions using magnetic
compass. In magnetic compass a magnetic
needle is fixed on a pivot inside a small
A magnetic device used for navigation transparent case. And the magnetic needle
and finding directions is known as always points towards north – south direction.
magnetic compass.
3. Activity Let's make a Balloon compass
Take a balloon, blow it and attach a small bar
magnet to it using a cellotape. Now take a bath
tub filled with water and allow the ballon to
float in it. You will notice that soon the ballon is
aligned in North – South direction.
Similarly, you can make a simple magnetic
compass using any other object and a bar
magnet.
Note: there should not be any other magnet
nearby.
4. Why does a freely suspended magnet Why does a freely suspended magnet always
always point towards north-south point towards north-south direction not east-
direction not east-west? west?
Ans:
Earth behaves as a magnet in itself with
magnetic south pole towards the geographic
north pole and magnetic South pole towards the
geographic North pole. Thus a freely suspended
magnet poles always point towards these poles
or North-South direction
5 Earth as a Magnet Earth is considered as a big magnet in itself. It is
known that earth has some molten liquid inside
it due to which it itself behaves as a magnet,
where one pole is known as north pole and
opposite to that is known as south Pole.
Therefore every time when we freely suspend a
magnet, it align itself towards poles.
Note For Teacher:
The Earth true geographic North pole is
magnetic South Pole and True geographic South
Pole is Magnetic North Pole . Thus every time
when a magnet is suspended freely, its North
pole points true geographic north pole, which is
magnetic South pole. Similarly, South pole of
magnet points towards true geographic South
pole which is magnetic North Pole. As a
magnetic poles are attracted towards alike poles.
A detailed idea about this will be given in
magnetisation and demagnetisation – II .
6 What will happen if you freely Ans: While standing at the North pole , it will
suspend a bar magnet while standing vertically align itself along the meridian with
at magnetic North Pole? North pole of magnet pointing towards feet.
7 Touch-Stroke Method We can also make our own magnet at home.
If you rub a magnet on any magnetic substance,
like a thin plate of iron strip, it can be converted
into a magnet. This is known as Touch-Stroke
Method.
For this, rub the bar magnet on the iron strip
with the same pole along the length of the strip
for 40 times. Now on bringing the same iron
strip closer to the iron nails, we will find they
gets attracted to the iron stripe and for some
time it behaves like a magnet.
Similarly you can try magnetising other objects
around you.
8. Which of following can not be Which of following can not be converted into a
converted into a magnet by rubbing it magnet by rubbing it with a bar magnet?
with a bar magnet? 1. A nickel piece
1. A nickel piece 2. A gold plate
2. A gold plate 3. An iron strip
3. An iron strip 4. Steel fork
4. Steel fork Ans: A gold plate is non magnetic material
9. Maglev Trains We already know that Maglev trains use
magnets in them and are the fastest one. They
use magnets in them which help them float
above the track and hence reduces the friction,
but how? They use the same property of
attraction and repulsion between poles and
arrange the magnets in a way such that train
floats above the track and hence reduces the
friction which in return increases the speed of
train nearly to 500 km/h.
Use the principle of attraction and
repulsion of magnets to lower the
friction.
10. Fast Fact Use of magnetic attraction or repulsion is not
restricted to this. You all might have been on a
Amusmenet park rides like rollar rollar coaster or a similar kind of thrilling ride.
coasters use magnetic attraction for Have you ever thought how your rollar coaster
the thrilling experience of being do not fall down when it turn upside down? Yes,
upside down. the strong force of magnetic attraction between
the wheels and tracks having unlike poles. There
are many other rides that makes use of magnets
as they are reliable and provides a strong force.
11. What will happen to both the pins in What will happen to both the pins in the
the following figure, attached to the following figure, attached to the ends of a
ends of a Horse- shoe magnet? Horse- shoe magnet?
Sol; both the nails will bend towards each other
at an angle ans both teh poles attract s each
other.
12. Why does a magnetic needle in a Why does a magnetic needle in a compass
compass always points towards always points towards North.
North?
Magnetic needle is similar to a magnet with
poles at the end. As needle is suspended freely
on a pivot it always points towards true
geographic north pole, which is magnetic south
pole. As unlike poles attracts each other, every
freely suspendedmagnet gets attracts towards
magnetic south pole i.e true geographic north
pole. Thus a magnetic needle also points
towards North.
13. Demagnetisation So, we now know the amazing properties of a
magnet. But their handling must be done with
caution as it may cause their demagnetisation.
Now what it that?
The loss of magnetic properties of a It is the loss of magnetic properties of a magnet
magnet is known as demagnetisation. due to rough handling, heating, hammering etc.
Whenever magnets are not carefully handeled,
they becomes week or lose their magnetic
properties.
14. Causes of Demagnetisation The magnetic properties of a magnet are
destroyed in the following ways
The magnetic properties of a magnet • By rough handling
are destroyed in the following ways • By heating
• By rough handling • By placing like poles together
• By heating
• By placing like poles together
15. By Rough handling Hammering, dropping and rough handling of the
magnet can demagnetise it.
Hammering, dropping and rough
handling of the magnet can
demagnetise it.
16. By Heating A magnet loses its magnetism when it is heated
above a certain temperature. So, they should be
A magnet loses its magnetism when it kept away from heat.
is heated above a certain temperature.
17. By placing like poles together If two magnets are placed side by side by with
similar poles together, they loose their
If two magnets are placed side by side magnetism.
by with similar poles together, they
loose their magnetism due to
induction.
N N
S
18. Magnetic Keepers So, we know that when magnets are kept side
by side, they either attracts or repels each other,
while doing so they becomes week and gets
demagnetised.
Thus, to preserve the magnetic properties of
magnets, they are always kept in magnetic
keepers.
In magnetic keepers, magnets are kept with
opposite poles adjacent to them along with a
To preserve the magnetic properties of iron strip.
magnets, they are always kept in Demonstrate with diagram, magnetic keeper of
magnetic keepers. a Horse shoe magnet.
Thus, magnetic keepers conserve the magnetism
of magnets.
19. What will be the polarities of A and B What will be the polarities of A and B for the
for the magnet AB, so that the magnet AB, so that the arrangement is stable?
arrangement is stable? Sol:
A- North pole
B- South pole
If A is south pole, the magnet will repel each
other and hence will fall apart disturbing the
setup.
20. Draw the magnetic needle with the Draw the magnetic needle with the correct
correct polarity in the following polarity in the following magnetic compasses,
magnetic compasses, kept adjacent to kept adjacent to the bar magnet.
the bar magnet.
Ans: To be drawn by teacher. ( North pointing
needle towards the south pole)
