Design Tables To BS 8007 Richard Cheng PDF

Design of concrete structures for
retaining aqueous liquids
Design tables to BS 8007
Richard Cheng BSc, CEng, FIStructE
7'
!. . .:I
-
\1 Thomas Telford
Published by Tho!Tias Telford Publishing, Thomas Telford Services Ltd l Heron Quay, London E14 4JD
First published 1996
Distributors for Thoxas Telford books are

USA: American Society of Civil Engineers, Publications Sales Department, 345 East 47th Street, New i'ork, NY
10017-2398
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Austrolia: DA Books and Journals, 648 Whitehorse Road, Mitcham 3132. Vicmria
These tables are a guide to BS 8007~1987 Design of concrete structures for retaining aqueous liquid<;.
The design tables are intended to be used by experienced and qualified engineers, Proper consideration should be
taken of all design and constructional requirements to ensure sound engineering judgements are made.
Care has been taken to ensure that aH the data and information herein are factual and that numerical values are
accurate. The author and publisher assume no responsibility for errors Jn or misinterpretation of information
contained in this book or in its use.
A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library
Classification
Availability.· Unrestncted
Content." Guidance
Status: Established kuowledge
User: Civil engineers and designers
ISBN: 0 7277 2517 3
R. Cheng and Thomas Telford Services Ltd, 1996
All rights, including translation reserved. Except for fair copying, no part of this publication may be reproduced,
stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying or
otherwise, without the prior written permission of the Books Publisher, Thcmas Telford Publishing, Thomas
Telford Services Ltd, 1 Heron Quay, London El4 4JD.
This book is published on the understanding that the author is solely responsible for the statements made and
opinions expressed in it and that its publication does not necessarily imply that such statements and/or opinions are
or reflect the views or opinions of the publishers.
Typeset by R. Cheng and Techset Composition Ltd, Salisbury, Wiltshire.

Printed in Great Britain by Redwood Books, Trowbridge, Wiltshire.
Contents
1 Introduction I
2 Design summary
2.1 Design for thermal and moisture effects 2
2.2 Design for flexure-serviceability limit state 3
2.3 Design for flexure-ultimate limit state 5
3 Design example
3.1 Design of the piled base slab of a water holding tank 7
4 Design tables
Tables AI to A6: reiriforcements required for control of thermal and shrinkage cracks
Notes to Tables A I to A6 13
Table A I W 0.1, Coeff. of thermal expansion= 12E-6 I4
Table A2 W = 0.1, Coeff. of thermal expansion= !OE-6 15
Table A3 W = 0.1, Coef'f. of thermal expansion= 8E-6 16
Table A4 W = 0.2, Coeff. of thermal expansion= 12E-6 17
Table A5 W = 0.2, Coeff. of thermal expansion= l OE-6 18
Table A6 W = 0.2, Coeff. of thermal expansion= 8E-6 19
Tables Bl to 836: flexural capacity

Notes to Tables Bl to B36 21
Table Bl W =0.1, F==30, Cover=40 22
Table B2 W=O.I, F==30, Cover 52 23
Table B3 W 0.1, f,.=30, Cover 56 24
Table B4 W =0.1, F,u 30, Cover,~60 25
Table B5 W = 0.1, F,. = 30, Cover= 65 26
Table B6 W =0.1, F,.=30, Cover=72 27
Table B7 W=O.I, F,u=35, Cover=40 28
Table B8 W=O.I, F,.=35, Cover=52 29
Table B9 W=O.l, Fm=35, Cover= 56 30
Table B!O W=O.l, F,. 35, Cover=60 31
Table 811 W=O.I, Fou=35, Cover=65 32
Table 812 W=O.l, F,.=35, Cover=72 33
Table Bl3 W=O.I, F,.=40, Cover=40 34
Table B14 W=O.I, fcu=40, Cover=52 35
Table Bl5 W=O.I, F,.=40, Cover=56 36
Table 816 W = 0.1, F,u 40, Cover= 60 37
Table 817 W=O.I, F,.=40, Cover=65 38
Table Bl8 W=O.l, F,.=40, Cover=72 39
Table Bl9 W =0.2, F,.=30, Cover=40 40
Table B20 W =0.2, f,u=30, Cover=52 41
Table B21 W 0.2, F'" 30, Cover= 56 42
Table B22 W = 0.2, F'" = 30, Cover= 60 43
table B23 W = 0.2, Fcu = 30, Cover= 65 44
Table B24 W = 0.2, F'" = 30, Cover= 72 45
Table B25 W=0.2, F,u=35, Cover=40 46
Table B26 W=0.2, F,u=35, Cover 52 47
Table B27 W = 0.2, F,u = 35, Cover 56 48
Table B28 W=02, Fcu=35, Cover 60 49
Table B29 W=02, fuu=35, Cover=65 50
Table B30 W=0.2, F,u 35, Cover 72 51
Table B31 W=0.2, feu 40, Cover= 40 52
Table B32 W =0.2, fuu=40, Cover 52 53
Table B33 W=0.2, fuu=40, Cover 56 54
Table B34 W=0.2, F,u=40, Cover 60 55
Table B35 W=0.2, F,u 40, Cover 65 56
Table B36 W=0.2, F,u=40, Cover 72 57
DESIGN TABLES TO BS 8007 w 1
1 Introduction
I. 1 In the design of reinforced concrete structures, it is assumed that tensile capacity of concrete does
not contribute to the strength of the structure, and steel remforcement is provided to resist the
internal tensile forces which develop. Because steel reinforcement can only develop the resisting
tensile force by extension (i.e. steel needs to extend to develop stress), and hence cause cracks to
form in the surrounding concrete, cracks in reinforced concrete structures cannot be avoided.
1.2 Concrete expands and contracts wtth the increase in temperature during hydration of cement and
the subsequent fall in temperature. In continuous structures, if this movement is restrained. tensile
stresses will develop which can cause cracks to form. The effects of thermal contraction and drying
shrinkage may be controlled by the provision of reinforcements and movement joints.
1.3 Although it is accepted that cracks will be present in reinforced concrete structures, the degree and
magnitude of cracking should be controlled. In the design of liquid-retaining structures it is
essential to restrict the width of cracks in the structure. The maximum design surface crack widths
Win BS 8007 for direct tension and flexure or restrained temperature and moisture effects are as
follows
W = 0.2 mm for severe or very severe exposure
W 0.1 mm for critical aesthetic appearance.
The above assumes that, if cracks do not exceed 0.2 mm, they can heal autogeneously.
1A BS 8007 is based on the limit states approach. Generally, the ultimate limit states do not control the
design of the concrete section and reinforcement, and design should be carried out for the
serviceability limit state of cracking, followed by checking of the ultimate limit states and other
serviceability conditions.
1.5 Appendix A of BS 8007 provides calculations of minimum reinforcement, crack spacing and crack
widths in relation to temperature and moisture effects. Section 2.1 summarises the design formulae
and Tables A 1 to A6 provide the calculated reinl(ucements required for control of thermal and
shrinkage cracking.
I .6 Appendix B of BS 8007 provides calculations of crack widths in mature concrete under structural
loading. Section 2.2 summarises the design formulae and Tables Bl to 836 tabulate the service and
ultimate flexural capacity of a range of slab thicknesses and reinforcement arrangements under
differing conditions of crack width limitation, concrete strength and cover.
L7 The design calculations of both the serviceability limit state of cracking due to thermal and
moisture effects and flexural effects can be tedious and time consuming. In the preliminary design
stage, the design tables in this document should assist and short-cut the design precess, saving
valuable time. The most economical design solution can be selected by direct comparison of data
within the tables.
2 0 DESJGN TABLES TO BS 8007
2 Design summary
2.1 Design for thermal and moistnre effects
(Reference: BS 8007 Appendix A)
2.1.1 Procedures swnmarised below are appropriate for long continuous slab and \Vall construction,
and cracking arising from temperature and moisture changes is controlled by providing adequate
amounts of reinforcement without contraction joints.
For design with contraction joints and partial restraint refer to BS 8007 Cl. 5.3.3.
2.1.2 Minimum reinforcement required to control the early thermal and shrinkage cracking (within
three days)
Peri< is the critical steel ratio which is the minimum ratio of steel to the gross area of the 'concrete
section' (concrete section being the surface zone as defined in Figs AI and A2 of Appendix A of
BS 8007). This critical reinforcement is required to transfer tensile force across the cracks and
to distribute cracking.
fct =direct tensile strength of immature concrete (usually taken at an age of three days)
/y = characteristic strength of reinforcement
Vi:J.lues of pcr;,
Estimated f., /y=460 /y=250
ct (C30) 1.45 0.0032 0.006

ct (C35) 1.6 0.0035 0.0065
ct (C40) 1.75 0.0038 0.007
2.1.3 Reinforcement required to control crack width due to thermal and shrinkage effect:
Tl = temperature rise due to hydration of cement.
(Refer to Table A2, BS 8007)
T2 = IL'lllperature fall due to seasonal variation.
~ = coefficient of thermal expansion of mature concrete
(usually taken as 12 x 10-6 ).
BS 8110 recommends the following value for a
Aggregate type Coefficient of expansion of concrete (a)
Flint, quartzite 12 x w-"

Granite, basalt 10 X JO-b
Limestone 8 X J0-6
W the permissible crack width in rnm.

For severe or very severe exposure W = 0.2 mm.
For critical aesthetic appearance W = 0.1 rnm.
S crack spacing.
[ b average bond strength between concrete and steel.
<P bar diameter.
p = reinforcement ratio based on area of surface zone.
DESIGN TABLES TO BS 8007 0 3
'ITI-T2J =strain due to temperature (Tl + T2).

W=Se.
e is the effective strain= eshrinkage + e(TI,T2) - creep strain.
BS 8007 recommends the estimated effective strain e to be (~)en+ T2)
Therefore w= sG)cn + T2)

Maximum spacing of crack Sm~ = (i') (~)
(7: = 1.0 for round bar and 0.67 for deformed type 2 bar)
Maximum crack width Wm~ = [ 0:) (~) ]@(Tl + T2)
Re-arrange equation
P= [ ~) ( 2 :mJJ(~)en + Tz)
2.2 Design for flexure-serviceability limit state

(Reference: BS 8007 Appendix B)
b L
1
X
Neutral axis
h z
(f,A,)
f,
Section Strains Stresses/forces
2.2.1 The design is based on the elastic theory, cracked section.

E, =moduli of elasticity of reinforcement (200 x 103 Njmm2 )
E, = moduli of elasticity of concrete.
In assessing the strains for calculation of crack width, E, should be taken as
[5.5y'(F,u/ 1.5)]/2
. E,
Modular ratto a = -
E,
fc = ecEc (BS 8007 limit.!; to 0.45f;ul

Is = ESES (BS 8007 limit.f. to 0.87F,J
4 0 DESIGN TABLES TO BS 8007
Equilibrium of forces:
concrete compression= steel tension
0.5fcbx =!,A,
0.5ecEcbx = EEA5 5 5
~bx-2E'A
Es - Ec s
. Ec X
Smce - = - - -
8, (d-x)
X
(d _ x) bx = 2cx.A,
Re-arrange equation
bY = 2cx.A (d- x)
; d'
(x(d) =
2
2aG;)(l-~)
Substitute reinforcement ratio p-
-
(A')
bd
2
(x(d) = 2ap( I - ~)
2
(x(d) + 2ap(S) - 2ap = 0 quadratic equation
Solution of quadratic equation

x(d = -ap + .j[(ap) 2 + 2ap]
x= {-ap + .j[(ap)2 + 2ap])d
It should be noted from the above equation, that the neutral axis position is a function of the
modular ratio and area of reinforcement of a given section only-it is independent of the applied
moment.
2.2.2 Crack width.
d-x)
[,= ( h-x s,E,
In calculating crack width, BS 8007 gives allowance to the stiffening effect of concrete between
cracks
where ern is the average strain for calculation of crack width

s2 is the strain due to the stiffening effect of[, concrete between cracks.
Substitute OJ= ern+ s, in the equation

d-x)
/, = ( h - x (Bro + s,)E,
For crack width W of 0.2 mm

b(h -x) 2
£2 =
3E,A,(d- x)
For crack width W of 0.1 mm

1.5b(h - x) 2
E.? = cc=c-'--:-:-~'-c
- 3E,A,(d- x)
From BS 8007 Appendix B

"d h
crac k wt t W=
3aaem
(a
I +2 -'-'-
c)
h -x
where a" is the distance from the point considered to the surface of the nearest longitudinal bar
c is the minimum cover to the tension reinforcement.
Re-arrange equation
From the previous equation
f.= (~=;)<em+ e,)E,

Substitute <m (function of W, a" and c) in the equation
f. -
-(d-x){w[I+2C~'-=-xc)]
-h- 3 + e, }E,
-x acr
Moment= force times lever arm 'Z'

M, = f.A,Z since Z = [d- (xj3)]
M, = f.A,[d- (x/3)]
Substitute f. (function of W, ac, and c) in the above equation
w[ 1 + zCc'- c) J }
M, = (~ =;) { 3 ac~- x + e2 E,A,[d- (x/3)]
2.3 Design for flexure--ultimate limit state

(Reference: BS 8100 C I. 3 .4.4.4)
t -t rSFcu
b L
1 D.DD35
h
X
Neutral axis
[ z
0.405Fwbx
A,
0.87FyA,
Section Strains Stresses/forces

6 Cl DESIGN TABLES TO BS 8007
2.3.1 Equilibrium of forces:

steel tension= concrete compression
0.87F,A, = OA05Fruxb
, I
I 0.87FyA, ,
I X = 0 405F,ubI
Momem = concrete compresslon or steel tension times the lever ann Z
M011 = 0.405P~.bxZ since Z = (d- 0.45x)
I Mull = 0.405F,ubx(d- 0.45x) I

BS 811 0 conditions
(a) limit x to 0.5d
(b) z < 0.95d
If Z > 0.95d then
M, 1, = 0.87FyAs0.95d
DESIGN TABLES TO BS 8007 Cl7
EXAMPLE SHEET No. 100
I
PROJECT: Water Holding Tank
I
DESlQN. QF F'ILEJ) BAS_£; Si..0!3
--4mwater
I.
Piled raft I base slab
'' 1350
''
''
''
''
'
600 diameter piles at 4 m x 4 m grids
Note::;:
1) Continuous construction (i. e. no contraction joints)
2) Exposure~- severe
Limiting crack width to 0.2 mm
3) Concrete mix
(a) C 35A concrete
(b) 325 kg/m 3 cemert content
(c) max. water/c ratio= 0.55
4) Cover= 40 mm
6) fy=460
Type 2 deformed bar
Pu~ = 0.0035
f.tlf, = 0.67
Granite aggregate; coeff. of tfcerma! expansior. = 10~

6
7)
8) Pile diameter i;; 600 mm

8 0 DES!GN TABLES TO BS 8007
.----------------------------------,
1 bQ.ADING
I
Self wt. of slab = 0.35 x 24 = 8.4kN/m 2
2
Imposed load (water)= 4 x 10 = 40 kN/m
. . service desien load =48.4 kN/ m2

ultimate design load = 48.4 x 1.4
= 67.8 kN/m2
Rt;IHFQKCEMENT REQUIRED.FO.RCOHJRO~ OF THERMAL AND

SHRINKA_Gf' Ct;AC_K_S
I Top I SURFACE ZONES
350
•f- f
1=~~----·=1
Bottom
I
t
T
h/2 = 175 mm
100 mm
W=0·2
6
Coeff. of thermal expansion = 10
Use Table A5
For surface zone depth = 175 mm (TOP)
0 =12 mm, A, =704 mm

2
(Tl2 -150 T)
0 = 16 mm, A, = 938 mnl (T16- 200 T)
2
0 = 20 mm, A, = 1173 mm (T20- 250T)
2
0 '" 25 mm, ,A,, = 1466 mm (T25-300 T)
2
0 = 32 :"lrr, A,= 1875 mm (T32-300 T)
DESIGN TABLES TO BS 8007 w9
Watec Ho!di~g Tank
Fer surface zone depth = 100 mm (BO-rTCiv1)
2
0 ~ 12 mm, A0 = 402 m'"" (112- 275 B)
0 =16 ,,.,m, As 536 mm
2
(T16- 300 B)
2
0 =20mm, = 670 mm (T20- 300 B)
2
0=25 mm, /-,
0
= 838 mm ~:-25- 300 B)
2
0=32 mm, A6 = 1072 mm (T32 ~- 300 B)
QE;:BIGtJEQE f~f)(Ug!; - DESIGN AS FLAT SLAB
he = 0.6 m < L/4 4 m /4 = 1.0 m
: Effect1ve spa~ i = 4.0-2/3 x 0.6
I 3.6m
I F0 (SERVICE LOAD) 4 X 4 X 48.4 =774.4 kt~

I F,[t (~L TIMME LOAD) = 4 X 4 X 67.8 = 1085 kN
I BS 8110, Table 3.'9
Ms M,,tf
·--··--·
0.071x F0 xI 0.071 X F", X !

Interior span moment
19BkNm =277 kNm
I , - 00"'5
. ...; X fs X J· I I
Interior suppono moment
I=-153 kNm
-0.055 X F"" K i
=-2'5 k,'Jm I
i i
BS 8110, Table 3.20
Column strip Middle strip
Span Ms = 55% x 198/2 = 54 kNm Ms = 45% x 198/2 = 45 kNm

moment = 76 kNm = 62 kNm
Mult Mult
(kNm/m)
Support Ms = 751, x -153/2 = -58 kNm Ms = 251, x -153/2 = -19 kNm

moment Mult = -81 kNm Mult = -27 kNm
(kNm/m)
d2 Allow Max. cover= 40 + 20 = 60 mm

d, 0 K20mm0bar W = 0.2, F,c = 35, cover= 60
40 mm cover USE TABLE B28
Column Middle Column

strip strip strip
2m 2m 2m
rT20-200T T20-200B rzo-z06'r
I! J! •
Column strip
~-
E
N
0
f' ~
"'-----? "--------?
T16-200B T16-200T
Jf-200T
J~
Middle strip E
N
f' >= H ~
"--------?
I~ T20-200T T20-200B T20-200T
Column strip E
N
~-
'
0
N
~
J!~
I~ N
~
•
Note: Two-thirds of reinforcement required to resist the support moment in the column strip should
be placed in a width equal to half that of the column strip and central with the column.
SUMMARY OF REINFORCEMENT REQUIRED FOR FLEXURE

DESIGN TABLES TOSS 8007 :i 11
I
EXAMPLE SHEET No.
PROJECT: Water Hclding Tank
~ UJtJmAt:.¢( . J::;;hefor
IUi~J;y;ate shear tracsfer w p'le "' 10B5 67.8 X (7t X

2
0.6 )/4 = 1066 KN
5S 8110, Table 3.19
I Tota' coiUir.nfpile moment= 0.022 x 1066 x 3.6

= 85 kNm
1 d1 350 40-10 300 mm ]

' = 290 mm
Id
I
2 = 350 - 60 10 = 280 rr.m
I First critical pedt""eter (1.5d frorr. column face)
• :; :~:~g +2 X 15 X a)
I
.
'
=5880mm
Ii vrft = 1066 X [(1

1154 kN
T 1.5 X 85)/(1066 X 1.47)]
I 3
V = (1154 x 10 )/(5880 x 290) = 0.68 H!m:r
2
I A" 1571 mm ("20

2
ZOOT)
2
1001'\lbd 0.54 V, = 0.62 l'/mm < 0.68
. iNCREASE REINFORCHENT LOC/'.L TO COLUiviH SlRIP
To T2C - 150T, A*= 2094
2
100A,Ibd = 0.72, V, = 0.683 > 0.68 N/mm
Use - 150T column strip/support.

12:::1 DESIGN TABLES TO BS 8007
IEXAI\IIPLE ____ --S-HE_E_T N-o~·-_'_:J5--···~

p_ROJECT : Water Holding Tar;k
Check shear at colu~ten face
iI
2.'.1 N/mm 2
Ultimate span moment;= 277 kNm
! d 2 = 280 rmr
:
I tv!!b&'-2. = 277 x 1o";c:ooo x 280 2
1 = 0.88
! tvODIFiC'\TIO~I fi\CTOR FOR TEfJSiON RE'I,IFORCEtv1ENT
"'1A4
;: : : 1.44 X 0,9 X 26
~ 33
.Actual span/d = 4000/2BO = 14.3 < 33
../ OK
DESIGN TABLES TO BS 8007 013
"'otes to Tables Al-A6
L The tables the area of reinforcemer.t in rm:1 2 required for control of thermal and shrinkage
cracking ln each surface of the concrete surface zone.
2. W is the permissible crack width in nn

For severe or very severe exposure W = 0.2 mm.
For critical aesthetic appeamnce W = 0.1 mm.
3. Coe!T. of thermal expansion is the coefficient of thermal expansion of mature concrete, usually
taken as 12 x I o~ 6 . BS 8110 recommends the following
Aggregate type Coefficient of expansion of concrete

···············--····--+--
Flint, quartzite 12 X JO~E
Granite. basalt 10 x w~•
Limestone 8 X JO~S
4. Bar Dia. is the diameter of reinforcement in mm.
5. Tl..,.. T2 is total temperature due to hydration and seasonal variation in °C.
6. Surface zone depth is the surface concrete depth in mm as specified in Figs A 1 and A2 of
Appendix A BS 8007.
7. In the calculation of the tables, bond strength of high yield deformed type 2 is used, i.e.fo,//b 0.67.
(In view of the very marginal cost difference between deformed high yield and mild steel bars, there
is no cost advantage in using mild steel bars.)
8. Minimum reinforcement assumed is p""' = 0.0035.

9. For design formulae refer to section 2 .I.
W= 01 Coeff of thermal exoansion = 12E·6
Sl ZONE
Bar Dia. 100 112 125 137 150 175 200 225 250
12 362 405 452 496
12
"20 482 540
12 25 60:: 67
30 724 81C
844 ... ..946
12 40 1685 1930 211 2.,2
1080 '216 . 1899 217 2442 2 14
.......... 1206 '351
50
55
.......... 1327 1486 2322 2653 2885 3317
12
••65 1447
1008
1621
1 ?56
1009 1963 289-! 3256 3618
I 12 70 1686 1!JB1
15 482 54C 603 661 '24 844 96C 1085 1206

16 643 72!J 804 881 965 1',26 1286 ... 1447 1608
16 8U4 900 1G05 11C 12UC 1608 1809 10
16 30
'1286 1441 1608 1162 1930 225 2573 2894 3216

1447 1621 1809 1983 21 2$33 2894 3256 3618
1oce 1801 2010 2203 12 2814 3216 3618 402G
" . os . 1 roe 1!!B1 22· 2423 2653 3095 3538 39&c 4422
~ ==~"=i===it60==i=j1~930=+=~2Z1'~6~j2~41012~=~2~~4t=2~8~~=j~G~7=+=~3~¢9t=~4~M2=+=~4824
16 .. 65 2090 2341 2613 28134 3136 3658 4181 4703
2251 2521 2814 3084 45(}2 5065
20 15 603 675 54 826 l?05 1055 1200 1357 1500
20 •• 1809 2026 2261 2478 27' 4 3166 3618 4070 4523

,. 2()1 2251 2513 2754 30'5 3518 4020 4523 502tl-
20
20
-+ . . . . . .,•:;c...·-~22m.;,....+-~
60 2412
24117~6t-2~7~&4;...-.J-~
L/U1 oU1o
:3'
302~9+3
361~ O<ID4 .. 4221
4422
4824
49l5
5421
5528 -
6030
20 55 2613 2\Cd 3266 35BD 3920 4573 5226 5879 6533
20 70 2814 3152 3518 3855 4221 4925 5628 >332 035
25 .............. 1> 844 942 1033 131 1319 1508 'c696 1884
~-2~'-1--~··---t····,1~.w~"+-~'1~m~,1~256~·~·~,,~·-;~···~··~··~·4-~1~7s··~·s···_·····+-~201~0~2~261.4 2513
25 25 1256 14Gf 1570 1721 1884 2198 2513 282; 3W
.......25 30 1500 1688 1884 2065 2261 2638 3015 3392 3769
.. 1759 1970 2198 2459 3518 3957 4397
zo 4l1 2251 •1J zro4 """" 3518 4020 4523 5025
25 •• 2<01 """" 2s;,, 3098 3392 2"".!. +. . 4:5;;;:;23~>.....;5:;008;:;.-8+-_.;:55:.;;553':'---l
25 50 2013 2814 141 3442 5025 5653 6281
25 55 2764 3095 3455 3786 5528 6218 6900
zo •• 337i .>roo 4131 6030 .......6784 538
25 •• 3260 """" 4083 4475 6533 7349 8166
25 70 3518 3940 ....... 4397 4819 5276 7035 7914 8794
=
J2 10 1200 1J£L 144/ 1930 : 217' 2.,2
32 20 "2Bf. 1441 608 1>62 1930 2573 . 2894 3216 ...
3l 25 cEiJ8 1801 2010 2203 2412 3216 · 3618 4020
~~ ~~ '930 ...••• ~ ;;~~ ~: 3377 ~ ffif . . m~

' --il~2-+~~~··~~~t::!=.. ~3.6~i118~=~
.. 3966~5==~
434t:j2~ 6512 7236
' ;~ :: ~ 3602 :~~ ~~ ·······~~ ~~;~ 6~; ;~~~ ~

32 '"' """" 43LL 40L4 o2B! 5iB9 6704 7718 8683 9648
32 •• ""' 4662 5226 5728 : 6271 '316 8362 940 0<52
32 70 4502 504C 5628 6168 , 6754 7879 9005 "( :30 11256
DESIGN TABLES TO BS 8007 Cl15
TABLE A2
·-·-~~··--··---··--~~-~~--··--··~-··-~·
w-- 0 1 - 10E-6
Coeff of thermal exoansion-
.. ~
"" ZONE
BarDia. !l.:!:TI 100 112 125 137 150 175 200 225 250
11 15 350 392 438 480 s; 6' 8~
12 l2 5 6 lUl
1Z )3 6 188 lZ'C
126 .~ lbl
" '" 110Y
12
12 40 eu•
)4
" ""'
101 '&!" 2010
Jb
"'' "'' loOB
..••""
12 45 8'J5 1010 :131 12oo 13bl 1583 1809 2D35 2261
12 !JOE 1126 1256 1377 508 1759 2010 2261 . 2513_
12 1106 1238 1382 1515 1658 193 221' 2487 2764
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10(2 1CMU 1400
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100!l 1b/b
lblb
2144 2412 268()
16 1206 1:301 15'.!8 1002 1800 2111 2412 2714 3015

16 so 1340 501 1675 1836 2mc 2345 26BC 30 350
16, 1843 J19 948
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1675
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25 25 047 1'.73 1.309 1434 157G 1832 2094 2617
Z> 30 125 1407 1570 1884 2198 2513 01141
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3100 045: 4030 4606 5182
5234
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25 60 2513 2814 3141 3442 3769 4337 5025 5653 6281
25
•• 2722
2931
3049
3283
3402
3664
372ll
4016
4083
4397
4763 5444 6124 .. 0000
25
'"""
32 15 804 BOO lOOt 1101 1200 140/ Hill8 1809 2010
32 20 1072 .. 1201 1340 1468 Hill8 2412 2680
"2 25 134C 1501 1675 1836 2010
=i=Hi 3015
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32
32
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35
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2101
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1236 804C
32
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6968 7839 8710
32 70 3752 4202 459C 5140 5628 6566 7504 12 938C
TABLE A3
W-01
- - BE -6
Coeff of thermal expansion-
SURFACE ZONE DEPTH

Bar Dia. T1+T2 100 112 125 137 150 175 200 225 250
12 15 350 392 438 480 525 613 700 788 875
12 20 350 392 438 480 525 613 700. 788 875
12 25 402 450 503 551 603 704 804 905 1005
12 30 482 540 603 661 724 844 965 1085 1206
12 35 563 630 704 771 844 985 1126 1266 1407
12 40 643 720 804 881 965 1126 1286 1447 1608
12 45 724 810 905 991 1085 1266 1447 1628 1809
12 50 804 900 1005 1101 1206 1407 1608 1809 2010
r---12-- - - 55 884 991 1106 1212 1327 1548 1769 1990 2211
12 60 965 1081 1206 1322 1447 1688 1930 2171 2412
-- 12 65 1045 1171 1307 1432 1568 1829 2090 2352 2613
12 70 1126 1261 1407 1542 1688 1970 2251 2533 2814
--
16 15 350 392 438 480 525 613 700 788 875

16 20 429 480 536 587 643 750 858 965 1072
16
---- -~- 536 600 670 734 804 938 1072 1206 1340
16 30 --643- --720 804 881 965 1126 1286 1447 1608
16 35 750 840 938 1028 1126 1313 1501 1688 1876
16 40 858 961 1072 1175 1286 1501 1715 1930 2144
16 45 965 1081 1266 1322 1447 1688 1930 2171 2412
16 50 1072 1201 1340 1469 1608 1876 2144 2412 268~--
16 55 1179 1321 1474 1616 1769 2064 2358 2653 2948
-
16 60 1286 1441 1608 1762 1930 2251 2573 2894 3216
16 65 1394 1561 1742 1909 2090 2439 2787 3136 3484--
16 70 1501 1681 1876 2056 2251 2626 3002 3377 3752
20 15 402 450 503 551 603 704 804 905

20 20 536 600 670 734 804 938 1072 1206
~~-~~
1340
20 25 670 750 838 918 1005 1173 1340 1508 1675
20 30 804 900 1005 1101 1206 1407 1608 1809 2010
20 35 938 1051 1173 1285 1407 1642 1876 2111 2345
-- -
20 40 1072 1201 1340 1469 1608 1876 2144 2412 2680
20 45 1206 1351 1508 1652 1809 2111 2412 2714- 3015
20 50 1340 1501 1675 1836 2010 2345 2680 3015 3350
---20- - 55 1474 1651 1843 2019 2211 2580 2948 3317 3685
20 60 1608 1801 2010 2203 2412 2814 3216 3618 4020--
20 65 1742 1951 2178 2387 2613 3049 3484 3920 4355
20 70 1876 2101 2345 2570 2814 3283 3752 4221 4690
25 15 503 563 628 688 754 879 1005 1131 1256

-- 670 750 838 918 1005 1173
25 20 1340 1508 1675
25 25 838 938 1047 1147 1256 1466 1675 1884 2094
- ,---- 1005 1126 1256 1377 1508 1759 2010
25 30 2261 2513
- 1173 1313 1466 1606 1759 2052
25 35 2345 2638 2931
25 40 1340 1501 1675 1836 2010 2345 2680 3015 3350
25 45 1508 1688 1884 2065 2261 2638 3015 3392 3769
25 50 1675 1876 2094 2295 2513 2931 3350 3769 4188
25 55 1843 2064 2303 2524 2764 3224 3685 4146 4606
25 60 2010 2251 2513 2754 3015 3518 4020 4523 5025
25 65 2178 2439 2722 2983 3266 3811 4355 4899 5444
25 70 2345 2626 2931 3213 3518 4104 4690 5276 5863
32 15 643 720 804 881 965 1126 1286 1447 1608

32 20 858 961 1072 1175 1286 1501 1715 1930 2144
32 25 1072 1201 1340 1469 1608 1876 2144 2412 2680
32 30 1286 1441 1608 1762 1930 2251 2573 2894 3216
32 35 1501 1681 1876 2056 2251 2626 3002 3377 3752
32 40 1715 1921 2144 2350 2573 3002 3430 3859 4288
32 45 1930 2161 2412 2644 2894 3377 3859 4342 4824
32 50 2144 2401 2680 2937 3216 3752 4288 4824 5360
32 55 2358 2641 2948 3231 3538 4127 4717 5306 5896
32 60 2573 2882 3216 3525 3859 4502 5146 5789 6432
32 65 2787 3122 3484 3818 4181 4878 5574 6271 6968
32 70 3002 3362 3752 4112 4502 5253 6003 6754 7504
AL1
TABLE A4
W=0.2 Coeff. of thermal expansion= 12E-6
~· 7l"lf\IF DFPTH
ioo "112 12s 137 150 "lis 200 225 250
35e·· 392 ...438 480 525 613 fOG 788 87
350 392 438 · 480 s25·· 613 70C ·· 788
12 25 350 392 .. 438 480 525 613 ?OC 788
12 3o . 362 405 452 496 .. 543 633 . 724 814
12 55 653 743 19 lOS 995 161 1327 1492 1651

12 .. 724 810 805 981 1085 1266 1447 1628 180
12 ... 784 878 980 !074 1176 1372 1568 1764
12 ro 844 946 1oss 1157 1266 14;c 1a88 1ees
16 15 ""392 438 525 613 700 788 87

.. 16 ·zo 350 392 438 480 52$ 613 ?CO 788 875
16 ··· ··· 20 452 450 so3 ···· ssf eo: ··· 704 ··· so4· 905 .. 005
""1s 30"" .. 482 540 .... so: 661 .. 724 .. 844 965 .. 1085
. ,. -,. 563 .. 830 704 .. 771 .. 844 985 .. 1126 1266
16 60 965 1081 1206 1322 ~7 1688 1930 .71 2412

16 65 104E 1307 1432 1568 1829 2000 2352 2613
1S ro 112s 12s' 14o1 1542 1688 1sn 2251 2533 2af<
20 15 35( 392 438" 48( 525 513 788 87

t ~: ··-· .
f.-.... ··.···-;~::-:-·-+-.~;~;c.-;+-.,;;;;
~;-~f-~~~··-+---i::.;;..•~~!-···~
~!~+·· ---:~;;;':"79,;.....- t--7'1'::,;·~·.--11-··";13~.,- ..
7 906
1~
1--··.·-~~·-4--··~~~--+--··-:;~~~··-l····~;~7~s····-l- ~~-·· l~··~~~····-+-~ s7

1~,~~:5 +;;~~~,;~'-f-~;;~~··~--;~;~s7~·+-1;1 ~~oo~--l
.. 004 . 900 1005. 1 J6 1407 16 " 2010
4lf •05 1013 113' . 1: jg 1583 1~ 2281
1---;;.-20 --1---·~
•• --·+-~20:6~-+--.;: 1501 11 '809 21 2412 2714 301:
to 65 1307 1462 1633 1700 1960 2286 2613 2940 3266
·20 7o 1407 1s1a 1759 1s2s 2· 11 2482 2s14 3166 3s1a
,.. 422 41 -51 6 54 848 942
·· zs ·· 35 s79 985 1099 · · 1:mr 1s1s 1539 1759 1a1e 100

25 .. . "1005 126 1256 1~77 "1508 175!i" 2010 . 261 2513
25 .. 1508 1688 1884 2065 226' 2638 3015 3392 3769
:12
-,, 2o
15 482
643
540
720 ··
603
604
56
as·. ·
724
965-
844
'26
'*"
1286
108!
1447-
1200
1soil
32 25 804. 900 "1005 111)1 1206 14( 1608 1809 201(
32 -.0 1286 144', 1608 762 193C 22( 2573 2894 3216
32 -.. 1447 162 1809 1983 211 2533 2894 3256 3618
32 so 1ooa 2010 -2203 24T2 2814 3216 3618 4ozo
32 ... 55 1769 98 ""221 2423 2653 3095 3$38 3980 4422
.•• "" .,930 16 2412 2644 2694 3377 3859 4342 .. 4824.
32 _.... 2090 .. 3·f 2613 2864 3136 3658 4181 ... 4703 5226
32 70 2251 2521 2814 3084 3317 3940 4502" 50€5 ..5628
TABLE AS
--;:;;--:;~---------:;;c--:::;--;:-;-;;--~-~~ '~-- ~
W- 0 2 Coeff of thermal expansion = 1OE-6

L•••
ZONE' DEPTH
Bar Dia. T1+T2 100 112 125 137 150 175 200 225 250
12 15 350 392 438 480 825 613 700 788 8~
12
12
12
12 .. 4UO! 400 503 551 603 104 804 905 005
12 45 452 507 565 620 676 791 005 1018 131
12 •• 503 563 628 688 754 379 1005 1131 1256
., ooo 619 lot········ ........szs as; 1100 1244 1382
············'12' so ouo "'" 104 826 905 w"" ·····1206 1357 1508
12 •• 653 732 s,; ··· · 895 sa<f 1143 130? 147• m ·
70 704 788 879 964 1055····· .......1231 1407 1583 1759
16 , """ """ 4:>0 4&J 520 700 788 87•

16 20 3bU 392 438 480 525 61 700 , 88 87
16 25 35( 392 438 480 525 61 00 788 875
16 30 402 450 503 551 603 704 604 905 1005
16 . . 35 469 525 586 643 704 821 938 1055 1173
16 40 536 938 1072 120€,- 1340
16 .. "'" or ro4 .... """ sos 1oS5 12os 1357 1508__
50 670 7&0 836 918 ODE 1173 1340 1508 1675
•• 737 825 921 1010 ···········06····· 1290 1474 1658 1843
.. 804 900 1005 .. 101 1206~ 1407. 1608 1609 2010
" 871 1742 1960 2178
20 1313 1466 1759 2052 2345 2931
25 ,. 350 392 438 48() 525 613 00 788 875

25 •• 4' 469 sz3 ······574······· e2e 733 s3e s4z 1047
25 25 s: 586 654 17 785 s1e 1047 ra 1309
Z5 " 1099 1256 1413 1570
Z5 , " 0;<1 "1" 1004 1099 1282 1466 1649 1532
25 ., 838 938 ·,o41 147 1256 1466 167: 1884 2094
25 50 1102 121'0 143\l 15/B 1f2f 2015 2303 2591 2879

25 "" 1256 1407 15 1721 1884 2198 2513 ~~~27-+...;3~141C"". ..J
25 •• 1361 1524 170 1664 2041 2382 27'22. "" 3402
I~ I I:-+-~1~rl- - i.1~,. :,3;,- jf- -i,8.; ;:0u: 4~,02-+~;r ;705; : . .~· · ·. J·_···~i~o~"5··-l···
25 2198 2565 3664
--;!;;c32..~-+---:~c;--:-1---i~
3<1
= 1206 1407 1608 1809 201
1- 32 35 1407 1642 18!6 2111 2345
32 40 1BO!l 18'6 2144 2412 2680
32 .. 1809 21 2412 2714 3015
32 50 1340 150, 1575 1836 2010 2345 3()15 335C
32 " 1651 1843 2019 ll11 258D 2948 3317 .... 3685
32
32
••
65
:,':;~ ... :~~,
'"" .• ,
2...0.10. I ll03 2412
2613
2814
3049
3216
3484
3618
3920·····
4020
4355
32 70 1876 210 2345 . 2814 3283
DESIGN TABLES TO BS 8007 :J 19
TABLE AS
-------~----~-c--···~---··--~···--~···~-
w-- o 2 Coeff of thermal exoansion - 8E 6 - -

70NF
B~rDia~ T1+T2 100 112 125 137 1so 175 200 225 250
ff 15 350 392 438 4$C 525 613 rOC /88 87 '
12 20 3SJ 392 438 48:' 525 613 700 '88 87
12 25 '350 392 438 400 525 613 70C 788 B?e
12
12
12
12
12
12
12 ······
..
40
30
35
55
60 ...
350
35(
35C
362
402
442 ...
482
392
392
392
405
-,5o
495
54G
438
438
438
452
503'
553
603
4BC
48C
4:
4:
"'"'
66'
525
525
525'
603
6£3····
7'24
613
13
!3
633
704
74
844
----
70C
70(
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724
804
884
96E
788
788
188
81<
sos
.. 995
1085
875
875
875
905
1005
-1106
1206
-,2 -65 s23· 585 653 716 ·-784 9i5 1045 1176 1307
12 7if -563 630 704 77' 844 985 1125
16 15 39:f 480 525 613 700 788 87

,.
16 20 350 392 438 480 525 613 roc 788 875
25 350 392 436 48C 525 613 70C 788 875
1if
..,..
30 350 392 438 48C 525 7M 875
~
70(
1if 375 42!l 469' 514 563 750 ...
844 938
16 40 ''429 -486 536 587 643 858 865 .. 1072
,.
1if
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643
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737
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1206
1327
1441
1200
134ll.
1474
1600
65 ~ 780 871 955 1045 1219 1394 156~ 1742
.. ...-,.
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392
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1025
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" 35c 392 138 48C 613 700 788 87
....
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...
20
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so···
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469
536
603
670 ...
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704
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'''jjj()5
1089
173
1010
1101
1193
1281
1105
1206
1307
1407
129C
140
1524
1642
1600
1742
1876
1658
1809
1960
2111
1843
2010
217B
2345
25 15 35t 392 439 4& 525 613 ?ot 188 875

25 '''330' 392- 438' 480 613 '88
20 ..
"523
525
···-- ----- 700 87C
25 25 419 ... 469 574 628 733 83< 942 1047
.... 628
25 20 503 563 688 '54 879 1005 1131 1256
20 586 .. 803 '"879 1026
25
25
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45
67t
657
750.
.. 844
733
838
942
918
1033
1005
1131
173
1319
i}
1173 1319
1508
1696
'1466
1675
1884
25 50 838 938 1047 1147 125E 146€ 1884 2094
25
25
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55 92
'005
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1032
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0219
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12$6
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1262 1382
1508
1533
1612
1759
1
1843
2010
2178 ~~·
2073 2303
2513
2722
293'
-32 15 350 392 438 48( 52E 813 7()( 788 .. B7

32 -;n ... 429 400 536'" 587 .. t\43 ...750 BSB 965 1072
32 25 536 600 61( 734 804 938 1072 1206 1340
32
32
32
32
..30
35
.......
643
750
858
965
no
640
9€
1081
80<
938
1072
1206
88
1028
1175
1322
965
12(
1286
144
1126
131C
1501
1688
150'
1715
1930
144
1688
193(
2171
1608
1876
2144
2'12
32
32
32
32 ..50
......ss·
C572
179
1286
1394
1201
132
1441
156'
1531
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1474
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742
1876
1469
161E
1762
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'1600
1769
... 193(
209[
1876
2064
2251
2439
2626
2144
2358
2573
2787
3002
2412
265: ...
2894
3136
2680
2948
3216 ..
3484
3752
Notes to Tables Bl-B36
l. The tables give the service and ultimate moment capacity in lu'\fm.
2. Slab CiiiiiJ is slab thickness= 300 mm.

3. Reinforcement.
DIA. is the reinforcement diameter ln mm.
cjc is the spacing of the reinforcement bar in mm.
As is the area of the reinforcement in the tension zone in mm2 per l m width of slab.
4. Ms is the service moment capacity in kNm.

Mult is the ultimate moment capacity in kNm.
5. Crack "idth is the permissible crack width in mm under flexural load. For severe or very severe
exposure crack width= 0.2 mm. For critical aesthetic appearance crack width= 0.1 mm.
6. Cover is the concrete cover to reinforcement in mm. Minimum cover specification in BS 8007 is
40mm.
7. Feu is the characteristic strength of concrete.

C30 concrete does not strictly comply with BS 8007 in durability and should therefore only be used
under special circumstances (e.g. when using galvanised and epoxy-coated reinforcement.
temporary structure, special design mixes).
8. Reinforcement is high yield type 2 deformed bar with Fy=460 Njmm2 (In view of the very
marginal cost difference between high yield and mild steel bars, there is no cost advantage in using
mild steel bars.)
9. The tinted areas indicate areas of reinforcement below the minimum level of (a) Peri< 0.0035 to
each surface zone (assume half of slab thickness or 250 mm} or (b) 0.0013 of the gross concrete
section as specified by BS 81 J 0.
!0. For summary of design formulae refer to sections 2.2 and 2.3.
TABLE B1
~~~M00:-!~9 i ~
E}
1 200 I I 22s I I asp I I 276 I C:wcJ I asp I l 4op I I 4so I spq I I §()O I I zso I COOi[J
-~ fit ;.~ . ~;__ r.: ~ ~ ~ :M6~11 ~ ~ ~ M7~t M.!o M~ll Ms ! Mllll M.!o Mull 1M I MllJI Ms f MllJI 1M i Mute M• f Jll~ll, rn
10 125
'1o·-·, 150
...
624
19
'18 .. 31
37 24
. 22
43 29 -[49
--:i;:--t- 41 35 '"
. ;,s-
42
,,_
61 56
.>J/< 1,,.
73 I '"' ;(;,,
i+-''• I·; ' ii Fi''~';; ;,,,,_ ' i!i.,. •.w••;i; •:11 t
,
l _<o]175±-~-+-g·
10 l zoo ..1.93 ·-- 1e
r-;'"
23
31 35 '-···· ·-'"·'
;.,--;:·;;_
;, / 'c ,,,,,,, i··:·{ .\
1 ,
_:..:_~
~
m
r-
44 :c-: m
~· "'- tI"'H <I>
'~
- · "Tij5 19· ·r22
-~~:-r~~ -]~~]~~EH.~~-:t_:~ _-~- .-. ·• ee 1
125 1li - -<
150 · . 42 .. s?Jl.}1()1
...
.. . -
~~~~
-~16-
1 44 33 "" I "" I 56 "'

0
16
12r 12~!.! t31
100
l"" l"'···l'1a 148 l'""l-57 J.t59_L66 .'7ll. ~-~~ 1 21s 1 toe_J :59 ['32 t ;g;, _usa~] 21e~ __,
0
I••· .,.,
16 27 82 :34 00
- - - - - ----· ----------
41 115 48
11-,-- -- -~-~~ u 243 LJ~~L?~ u1~~.J .3:9?.
::- ~;~±:~-t-~r~-
-1~ ---+- ~~~ -- ~94 .... __J~~-l- -~--
~+~-~--~
~~- _}~~----l_§
--~ ~::l·---~=
-:¥f
--34-
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TABLE 818
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10 100 785 13 34
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160 s2:t-l-i-,~2-t-;;T-i
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1D 200 393 1:2
_12 _ _100 _11_3_1 13 "" 18 61

12 125 905 13 41 17 50
12-- -150 . 754 --12- ~ 17 42
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16 32 21 137 48
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TABLE B19
SLAB
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I 2oo-l I 221i l I 2so I I L21.s=:l I Laoo I I I aso I I I 40o I I I 450__ 1 I Lsoo I I I soo I I I z:so_ i I Lsoo I "'
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10
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I I 2§9 I I 35Q I I :!QQ I I 4M I t sgo I I
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54 18 38 Z3 46 28 53 34 61 40 68 53 83 d
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I 2o 70 33 132 72 64 498
20 -
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1396
1257
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119 65
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81
75
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20 --276
~ 273 006 322 704 426 901 591 1195 700 1400
25 -- --12ff ~927 45 a1 oo 11s 76 155 ro 201__ 110 252 145 35~- 182 429 220 soo 259 586._ ~~-- ~ 4~=~ ~~~. -~!-_ ~21_s
25 150 3272 40 81 53 115 66 155 00 201 94 240 123 3J5 153 370 184 438 217 501 286 632 :m 829 524 1025
25-- -175-- 28o5 -36~-~ 47 115 sa 155 70 185 82 213 100 269 132 325 159 381 187 438 246 -----sso-----345 718 -45:;---oos
~~- -2~~---~~4 33 81 42 115 52 142 62 167 73 192 94 241 117 2!:() 140 339 165 388 218 486. 2JJ7 ?33 ___ -~--- 776
25 225 2182 30 81 39 100 47 130 56 152 68 174 85 217 105 261 126 305 148 348 196 436 279 565 373 689
25 25o ·;eea-- --~ sa 36 100 44 120 s2 139 eo 1se n 100 96 233 115 2n 135 316 100 -395 257-r-Sre---
-346 620
25 275 "17as 26 75 33 93 40 111 48 129 55 146 71 182 BB 218 100 254 125 289 167 361 --240·- 462---326 - -564
I---2fr- aoo 1636 24 m 31 87 38 100 45 pe __ s2 1136 a7 168_ 82 201 oo 234 111 267 157 330- Z2.7~~4~31if- -s11
32 110 113 149 143 194 177 245 248 364 317 507 389 673 463 862 615 1105 2280
32 110 101 149 126 194 151 245 203 364 258 507 313 673 371 856 489 -874-- -1886
-32-- 110 88 149 100 194 129 245 172 364 218 507 261 640 307 748 403 --7Xl -1603
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471 f:121 812
410 --ggs-- -535
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32 · -300 - 2681- 32 ---yy- -iT- ·11 o so 148 eo 175 70 202 89 ~~-~ ~~- ~- ___,3T- 363 1 ~-- -416 · 200- 52.:) __ )81 -- 684 373 843
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r 200 • asoll:tqg.l I I I I)
Mo I Mll!! : Mult M! MY!t M!!!!
K'; a; 70
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29 82 58 14 243 140 roe
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424
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168 -~L~""Ll464''
33 e2 - ··41 +11o · sa 146 76 1a2 95 21e
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io 1 27&: H~ 1 S -·52~- --24 63 3) i 75 - __35 ___ -86- 41 97 ___ 54

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617
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561 );!
515 OJ
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TABLE 82.3
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i~- -_lE_•~-·:r~ ~ttH --~--- :~-- --~ i~-- ~ · iE -: : ~ : j~_ ·:- i~~r~:~
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DESIGN TABLES TO BS 8007
Design of concrete
structures for
retaining
aqueous liquids
BS 8007 provides recommendations for the
design and construction of liquid retaining
concrete structures. The design method is
based on limit state philosophy.
Serviceability limit state of cracking is usually ..
the controlling factor of the design.
The design calculations of the serviceability

limit state of cracking can be tedious and
time consuming. This book contains design
formulae and tables which give the service
and ultimate flexural capacity of a range of
slab thicknesses and reinforcement
arrangements under differing conditions of
crack width limitation, concrete strength and
cover. Reinforcements required for control of
thermal and shrinkage cracking of slab
under differing conditions are also covered.
The design tables will improve the efficiency

of the design process and be a considerable
asset to the practising engineer.
>
'

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Design Tables To BS 8007 Richard Cheng PDF

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Design of concrete structures for

retaining aqueous liquids

Design tables to BS 8007

Richard Cheng BSc, CEng, FIStructE

First published 1996

Distributors for Thoxas Telford books are

ISBN: 0 7277 2517 3

R. Cheng and Thomas Telford Services Ltd, 1996

Typeset by R. Cheng and Techset Composition Ltd, Salisbury, Wiltshire.

Tables Bl to 836: flexural capacity

Estimated f., /y=460 /y=250

ct (C30) 1.45 0.0032 0.006

BS 8110 recommends the following value for a

Aggregate type Coefficient of expansion of concrete (a)

Flint, quartzite 12 x w-"

W the permissible crack width in rnm.

'ITI-T2J =strain due to temperature (Tl + T2).

e is the effective strain= eshrinkage + e(TI,T2) - creep strain.

BS 8007 recommends the estimated effective strain e to be (~)en+ T2)

Therefore w= sG)cn + T2)

Maximum crack width Wm~ = [ 0:) (~) ]@(Tl + T2)

2.2 Design for flexure-serviceability limit state

Section Strains Stresses/forces

2.2.1 The design is based on the elastic theory, cracked section.

fc = ecEc (BS 8007 limit.!; to 0.45f;ul

Solution of quadratic equation

2.2.2 Crack width.

where ern is the average strain for calculation of crack width

Substitute OJ= ern+ s, in the equation

For crack width W of 0.2 mm

For crack width W of 0.1 mm

From BS 8007 Appendix B

From the previous equation

f.= (~=;)<em+ e,)E,

Moment= force times lever arm 'Z'

2.3 Design for flexure--ultimate limit state

Section Strains Stresses/forces

2.3.1 Equilibrium of forces:

I Mull = 0.405F,ubx(d- 0.45x) I

EXAMPLE SHEET No. 100

Granite aggregate; coeff. of tfcerma! expansior. = 10~

8) Pile diameter i;; 600 mm

EXAMPLE SHEET No. 101

PROJECT: Water Holding Tank

. . service desien load =48.4 kN/ m2

Rt;IHFQKCEMENT REQUIRED.FO.RCOHJRO~ OF THERMAL AND

I Top I SURFACE ZONES

For surface zone depth = 175 mm (TOP)

0 =12 mm, A, =704 mm

EXAMPLE SHEET No. 102

Watec Ho!di~g Tank

Fer surface zone depth = 100 mm (BO-rTCiv1)

QE;:BIGtJEQE f~f)(Ug!; - DESIGN AS FLAT SLAB

he = 0.6 m < L/4 4 m /4 = 1.0 m

: Effect1ve spa~ i = 4.0-2/3 x 0.6

I F0 (SERVICE LOAD) 4 X 4 X 48.4 =774.4 kt~

I BS 8110, Table 3.'9

0.071x F0 xI 0.071 X F", X !

EXAMPLE SHEET No. 103

PROJECT: Water Holding Tank

BS 8110, Table 3.20

Column strip Middle strip

Span Ms = 55% x 198/2 = 54 kNm Ms = 45% x 198/2 = 45 kNm

'930 ...••• ~ ;;~~ ~: 3377 ~ ffif . . m~

' ;~ :: ~ 3602 : ······· ;~ 6~; ;~~~ ~

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