Business  Topics  3

81 THE FAVORED COMPANY

Ms. Chen A good business model is one which is focused on
people instead of profits. Success is not measured by numbers
but by the level of satisfaction it generates. A successful
company is favored, not only by its customers and stockholders,
but by its employees as well. When its own people are happy
with their working environment, it follows that they will work hard
and be loyal to the company. Because of that, its products
and/or services will be desirable to customers. This, in turn, will result to good return of
investments and make stockholders happy. Can you suggest ways how a company can make
its employees satisfied?

Adam First, it should ensure working conditions are comfortable, fair and friendly. It should
involve workers in decision-making processes, especially if the concerns involve them.
Second, it should provide opportunities for growth. It can conduct trainings and seminars to
teach workers and improve their skills. Third, it should compensate well. It should reward good
efforts to encourage workers to do their best. Finally, it should also provide job security.

Ms. Chen Those are very good suggestions. I think I'll write them down so I can review them
later. It will make a good presentation regarding business study. Can you come up with more
suggestions? A lot of companies should hear about what you said. There's always room for
improvement, I think. The best business model should be dynamic.

Words & Expression

favored 호의를 사고 있는 environment 주위를 에워싸는
desirable 바람직한,  탐나는 opportunities 기회
reward 보수,  보상
1. services will be desirable : ‘desirable’은 ‘바람직한’,’(사람, 물건 등이) 탐나는, 매력적인, 호감이 가는’의 뜻 이다.
따라서 ‘services will be desirable’은 서비스가 (고객의) 마음에 들 것이다’의 의미로 해석 될 수 있다.
2. opportunities for growth : ‘opportunity’는 ‘기회’,’호기’의 뜻이고, ‘growth’는 ‘성장’,’발전’의 뜻이다. 따라서
‘opportunity for growth’는 ‘발전의 기회’로 해석이 될 수 있다.
3. room for improvement : 여기서 ‘room’은 ‘여지’,’여유’ 등의 의미이며, ‘improvement’는 ‘개량’,’개선’의 뜻 이다.
따라서 ‘room for improvement’는 ‘개선의 여지’로 해석이 될 수 있다.

Questions
1.  What  is  a  good  business  model?
2.  How  is  success  measured?
3.  Can  you  name  the  ways  a  company  can  make  its  employees  satisfied.
4.  Does  your  present  company  provide  you  with  opportunities  for  growth?
5.  Are  you  satisfied  with  your  present  company‐employer?
6.  Do  you  think  that  employees  will  work  harder  if  their  company  takes  care  of  their  needs?
7.  What  would  make  you  work  for  a  company  for  a  very  long  time  and  not  seek 
    employment  elsewhere?

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 Business  Topics  3

82 A LOVE AFFAIR BETWEEN CO-EMPLOYEES

Tony I want to see you tonight. Can we have dinner later at 7 o’clock at our usual place? It’s
been so long since we have gone out. I feel that you don’t want to see me anymore. Have I
done something wrong? I want you to be frank with me. I can’t stand your cold treatment of
me anymore.

Candice I’m afraid that you might just get hurt if we continue on this. At first, I thought seeing
you will have no repercussions. But I’m slowly seeing the error of my
ways. It’s not good that we get serious with our dating since I’m your
boss and we belong to one department. Our co-workers might think that
I’m favoring you, especially now that your promotion is coming up. They
will not think that you deserve it even if you really do.

Tony I don’t care about what they might think. I have been working
hard in this company for three years now. I deserve that promotion.
They have no right to think that you did me a favor just because we’re
dating. I won’t let that stop me from pursuing you. I’l prove to you that I’
m determined to have a relationship with you. Boss or not, you’re the girl
I’m in love with.

Words & Expression

repercussions 반향,  반사 treatment 취급,  대우
relationship 친족관계 favor 호의,  친절
deserve ~할만하다 promotion 승진
1. cold treatment : ‘treatment’는 사람을 대하는 ‘대우방법, 취급방법’을 뜻하는 말로서, ‘cold treatment’ 는 표현
그대로 ‘차가운 대접, 냉정, 쌀쌀한 대접, 대우’를 뜻한다.
2. no repercussions : ‘repercussions’은 보통 복수로 사용되어, 어떤 사건, 행동 등의 간접적인 영향, 영향력을
뜻한다. 따라서 ‘have no repercussions’은 ‘영향이 없다’는 의미이다.
3. did me a favor : ‘do someone a favor’는 ‘~에게 호의를 베풀다, 힘써주다, 부탁을 들어주다’ 의 의미로 회화에서
매우 유용한 표현이다.

Questions
1.  What  did  Tony  mean  when  he  said  he  can’t  stand  Candice’s  cold  treatment?
2.  Why  did  Candice  say  that  she’s  slowly  seeing  the  error  of  her  ways?
3.  How  did  Tony  react  to  Candice’s  statement?
4.  Is  it  a  good  idea  to  have  a  personal  relationship  with  a  co‐worker?
5.  Can  anything  good  or  positive  come  out  of  having  a  love  affair  at  work?
6.  When  was  the  last  time  you  gave  somebody  the  “cold  treatment?”
7.  In  your  opinion,  is  it  better  to  keep  work  and  personal  affairs  separate?

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 Business  Topics  3

83 WHAT IS MARKETING?
Teacher We hear of marketing all the time. Basically, we can look at it as the wide range
of activities involved in making sure that the needs of customers are met and that they are
getting appropriate value in return. Are we as consumers, sure that we are getting the value
of our money when we buy a product? Do these products give the effect that they claim they
would deliver? One example is the whitening products that overflow the market today? Are
these products just giving us false hopes and claims? You tell me.

Student What marketing does to a product is to make it as attractive as possible so they

can make bigger profit out of it. Sometimes, a product so simple can appear so fancy when
they advertise it. Who would have thought that whitening products can
sell so expensively? It’s just basically soap designed to make the skin
fairer. The ingredients aren’t supposed to be that costly. So why do
these soaps cost so much?

Teacher That’s so true. The reason these products’price escalates

is because of promotional expenses. They hire the most popular
celebrity in their commercials so it becomes interesting to the market.
Eventually, there’s a clamor for it. People feel the need that it’s a
necessity rather than a luxury. It’s the bandwagon mentality. When
other people want it, you want it too.

Words & Expression

appropriate 충당하다 bandwagon 악대
ingredients 성분,  재료 mentality 정신력

1. needs of the customers are met: 여기서‘met’은 ‘만족시키다’,’충족시키다’ 의미의 동사 ‘meet’의 수동 형이고,
‘the needs of the customers’는 ‘고객의 요구’를 의미한다. 따라서 본 구문은 ‘고객의 요구들이 만족되다’의 의미로
해석된다.
2. so simple can appear so fancy : ‘simple’은 ‘단순한’,‘fancy’는 ‘화려한’, ‘appear’는 ‘~처럼 보이다’의 의미
이므로, 본문의 구문은 ‘너무도 단순한 것이 화려하게 보일 수 있다’의 의미이다.
3. bandwagon mentality : ‘bandwagon’은 ‘우세한 쪽’,’시류’ 등을 뜻하는 말로, ‘bandwagon mentality’는 ‘시
류에 편승하는 마음가짐, 정신 상태’를 뜻할 수 있다

Questions
1.  What  is  Marketing?
2.  What  can  Marketing  do  to  a  product?
3.  Why  do  these  products’  prices  increase  or  escalate?
4.  Are  you  also  guilty  of  having  the  “bandwagon  mentality”  sometimes?
5.  Why  are  we  attracted  to  a  product  that  many  people  are  buying?
6.  Is  it  important  for  you  to  see  that  a  celebrity  is  endorsing  or  recommending  a  product?
7.  Do  you  trust  and  believe  most  advertisements?

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 Business  Topics  3

84 SUFFICIENT CONDITION OF A MILLIONAIRE

Pam George Lewin is one of the real heroes in this world. He lives a
very comfortable life but lives it simply. He knows what it means to work
hard and knows the hardship of growing up poor. George Lewin is a
millionaire. You’l be surprised at the fact that even rich people feel pain
and difficulties. He endured personal struggles and sacrifices to build
his fortune. Being the inventor of the Australian icon The Triton Work
Bench, he founded The Triton Foundation.

Lucy I heard they were originally from Poland and that his parents
were victims of the Holocaust. They were quite well-off too before the Nazi invasion. This must
be another side to a millionaire’ story. Wealth did not come so easily to him. He does enjoy
some of the perks of being rich like having a personal trainer for his poodle. It’s good that the
topic of your report is about him. Your angle of his life story is very inspiring.

Pam He knows how to respect the value of money but is not attached to it like some other
rich dude. He sold his company when he felt that he was fast becoming a chronic workaholic.
His intense schedule had left him little time for permanent and lasting relationships. Now, he
busies himself with charitable pursuits and is taking stock of his life. After all his perseverance
and hard work, he deserves a life of leisure. What I’m most inspired about is his quote, “I
want to make a difference in people’s lives. I want to give away my last dollar on the day I
take my last breath and hopefully leave the world a little better than I found it.

Words & Expression

millionaire 백만 장자 Nazi 나치
victims 희생 intense 격렬한,  심한
permanent 영구한,  영속하는
1. comfortable life : ‘comfortable’은 ‘안락한’, 구어로, ‘(수입이)충분한’의 의미를 가진다. 따라서 ‘comfortable
life’는 ‘수입이 충분한 안락한 삶’을 뜻한다.
2. another side to a millionaire’ story : 여기서 ‘another side’는 ‘또 다른 면’으로 해석될 수 있다. 따라
서 전체 구문은 ‘백만장자 이야기의 또 다른 면’으로 해석이 된다.
3. chronic workaholic : ‘chronic’은 ‘오랜 시간에 걸친’,’만성의’,’습관화된’의 의미를 가지는 형용사이다. 따라서
‘chronic workaholic’은 ‘만성 일 벌레’로 해석이 될 수 있다.

Questions
1.  What  did  George  Lewin  invent?
2.  Give  the  sad  side  to  George  Lewin’s  story.
3.  What  was  his  inspiring  quote  on  life?
4.  How  do  you  think  a  millionaire  should  live?
5.  Would  you  do  anything  to  get  rich?
6.  Do  wealthy  people  have  financial  troubles?
7.  Does  money  equate  to  happiness?

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 Business  Topics  3

85 WHEN YOUR FRIEND WHO STARTED LATE GETS AHEAD OF YOU

Carrie Hey, hi Sam. Have you got those documents I asked you about? I need them for my
presentation tomorrow morning. Could you arrange them alphabetically and put them on my
table please. I’m going out of the office to have lunch with the bosses now. Wow, I’m so new
at this promotion, I don’t know where to start. I hope you don’t mind me getting ahead of you
this way. I really miss our break time chats you know.

Samantha Me too. Of course I don’ mind. In fact, I wish you all the
luck. Yes, I have the documents you asked for. I already filed them
and I’m putting them on your table later. I also wrote little notes for your
presentation. You might find them useful, it’s up to you. Break a leg! I
know you’re going to do just great.

Carrie Thanks. For everything. You’e going to get a promotion soon

too. You deserve it for working so hard. Besides, this company needs
more smart and hardworking employees like you. I hope to work side by
side with you again. Ooopps! I don’t want to be late. Catch up with you
later.

Words & Expression

alphabetically 승진,  승격 promotion 진급
putting 놓다 arrange 배열하다
hardworking 근면한 deserve ~할 만하다
1. arrange them alphabetically : ‘arrange’는 ‘정리하다, 나열하다’의 뜻이고, ‘alphabetically’는 ‘알파벳 순으로’ 의
뜻이다. 따라서 ‘arrange them alphabetically’는 ‘알파벳 순으로 정리하다’의 의미이다.
2. break a leg : ‘break a leg’는 구어로, ‘힘을 내다’, ‘전투하다’의 의미로 시험이나 시합 등을 앞둔 사람에게 ‘힘내!’
의 의미로 유용하게 쓰일 수 있는 표현이다.
3. work side by side : ‘side by side’는 ‘막상막하로’, ‘나란히’ 또는 ‘협력하여’의 의미가 된다. 따라서 ‘work side
by side’는 ‘나란히(동등한 위치에서) 일하다’의 의미이다.

Questions
1.  What  favor  did  Carrie  asked  from  Sam?
2.  How  does  she  feel  about  her  promotion?
3.  What  advice  did  Sam  give  Carrie?
4.  Have  you  ever  applied  for  the  same  job  in  one  company  with  a  close  friend?
5.  Will  you  help  a  friend  get  promoted  even  if  it  means  he  or  she  will  get  ahead  of  you?
6.  Are  you  proud  of  your  friend  when  he  or  she  accomplishes  more  than  you,  or  is 
    more  successful  than  you?
7.  Is  true  friendship  more  important  than  success,  money  or  power?

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 Business  Topics  3

86 G.E. MARKETING
Larry I have an application at G.E. Marketing. It’s a big company
known internationally because they have very diverse products and
services. I want to be a part of a team where there’s a long tradition of
innovation, quality and trust. That’ their mantra. I hope I get called
in for an interview soon. I’m confident that I have the qualifications
they are looking for.

Burt I had my interview the other day. They made a point on G.E.
Marketing as having environmental concerns. They make a big fuss
about health and safety. They spend on studies to ensure that their products are safe to use.
I’ve learned a lot by just listening there for a few minutes. The people there seemed sincerely
knowledgeable about their company.

Larry It goes to show how we’e still ignorant about a lot of the things they do. When I think of
G.E., I think of light bulbs. They are so much more than that now. It helps to be proud about
the company you want to be a part of. My whole family is a satisfied consumer of their
products. So, it’s not surprising that their pushing me to apply for this job at G.E. Marketing.

Words & Expression

qualification 자격,  권한 innovation 혁신
pushing 박력 있는 concerns ~에 관계하다
satisfied 만족한,  흡족한
1. their mantra : ‘mantra’는 ‘기도’,’주문’, 또는 ‘목표’의 의미를 가지고 있다.
2. environmental concerns : ‘environmental’은 ‘환경의’란 의미를 가지고 있는 형용사로, ‘environmental
concerns’는 ‘환경에 대한 관심’을 나타낸다.
3. satisfied consumer : ‘satisfied’는 ‘만족한’의 뜻이고 따라서 ‘satisfied consumer’는 ‘만족스런 소비자’로 해석
될 수 있다..

Questions
1.  Why  does  Larry  want  to  be  part  of  G.E.  Marketing?
2.  Why  was  Burt  impressed  with  G.E.  Marketing?
3.  Why  did  Larry’s  family  want  him  to  be  part  of  G.E.  Marketing?
4.  What  does  an  applicant  look  for  in  a  company?
5.  Why  are  companies  also  focusing  on  environmental  concerns?
6.  Will  you  go  for  stability  or  compensation  when  choosing  a  company?
7.  Why  are  companies  encouraging  loyalty  among  their  consumers?

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 Business  Topics  3

87 WARNING: LACK OF WATER

Ms. Roe Hi Jenna. I liked your group’s project last week. It was
interesting and entertaining at the same time. I could tell the whole
class thought so too. The other group discussions were very good as
well. Now, I’m looking forward to your individual works. Have you chosen
a topic for your report next week?

Jenna Yes, ma’am. My mom helped me pick a topic. We were

watching television when she gave me the idea. She said, “What about
the water crisis?” Then we talked about it some. Hopefully, the class will
find it relevant and timely. It’s weird! The world is mostly composed of
water but we are facing a potential water shortage in years. I’m going
to do more research on the topic immediately.

Ms. Roe You do that. Look into the study made by the World Wildlife Fund, a United Nations
agency. Did you hear that by year 2025, the world might not have enough water to use. Just
imagine, there won’t be sufficient water for drinking or bathing. If we don’t do anything to
prevent that situation now, then we will be facing a crisis indeed. Maybe you can also touch
on the issue of climate change and its effect on water supply. How far along are you in your
report by the way?

Words & Expression

entertaining 대접하다 potential 잠재적인
individual 개개의,  각각의 fund 자금,  기금
issue 내다,  발하다 research 연구,  조사
1. interesting and entertaining : ‘interesting’은 ‘흥미 있는’,’ntertaining’은 ‘유쾌한’,’기분 좋은’의 뜻이 된다.
따라서 ‘interesting and entertaining at the same time’은 ‘재미 있으면서 동시에 유쾌한’의 뜻으로 해석 될 수 있다.
2. potential water shortage : ‘shortage’는 ‘부족’,’결핍’의 뜻이고, ‘potential’은 ‘(잠재)가능성’을 뜻한다. 따라
서 본문의 구문은 ‘물 부족 가능성’을 뜻한다.
3. touch on the issue : 여기서 ‘touch’는 ‘언급하다’,’간단히 말하다’ 등으로 해석될 수 있다.

Questions
1.  What  topic  did  Jenna  choose  for  their  individual  work  and  why?
2.  According  to  the  World  Wildlife  Fund,  what  will  happen  to  the  world’s  water 
    supply  by  2025?
3.  What  other  topics  should  Jenna  discuss  as  per  Ms.  Roe’s  suggestion?
4.  Do  you  leave  the  water  running  when  you  brush  your  teeth?
5.  Do  you  think  it’s  possible  that  the  world  will  not  have  enough  water  to  use  in 
    the  future?
6.  Why  is  water  so  important?
7.  In  your  own  way,  how  can  you  help  save  water  and  not  waste  it?

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 Business  Topics  3

88 RISING OIL PRICE

Analyst With world crude oil prices breaching the $100.00 per barrel mark, it is anyone’s guess
how much more expensive oil can reach. As the world grows, so does its need for
fuel increase. This, among other reasons, bedevil the energy situation. The market is awash
with demand but oil-producing nations have not committed to increase the supply. Growing
economies, like China for example, are fast burning their oil supply. Businesses and individuals
are consuming more fuel as daily living becomes more modern. It is simply the trend.

Reporter Yes, the world is on the fast track to growth. Everybody is struggling to keep
up. The surge, especially if it continues, will impact economies worldwide. With the demand
exceeding supply, should we worry? How can we address the situation? What are other
reasons for the rise in fuel cost? Can you also discuss them, please?

Analyst Governments can do better than worry. They can sit down with oil-producing nations
and convince the latter to increase their quotas. Also, we now see the drive to find alternative
sources of energy. Various governments should support this.
There are also campaigns to conserve energy while at the
same helping stem climate change. While we are looking into
those alternative solutions, the international community should
try to address the conflict in the Middle East. If we can settle
the problem, it follows that we will be able to resolve problems
in the energy market.

Words & Expression

bedevil 붙어서 떨어지지 않다 situation 위치,  장소,  소재
conserve 보존하다 struggling 노력하는
campaigns 군사 행동
1. bedevil the energy : ‘bedevil’은 ‘미치게 하다’,’혹하게 하다’의 의미의 동사이다. 따라서 ‘bedevil the energy
situation’은 ‘에너지 상황을 악화시키다’ 정도로 해석하면 되겠다.
2. fast track to growth : ‘fast track’은 ‘출세 가도’, 또는 ‘급행 열차용 선로’를 뜻하는 말로 ‘on the fast track to
growth’는 ‘성장을 향한 빠른 가도를 달리다’의 의미가 될 수 있다.
3. campaigns to conserve energy : ‘campaigns’은 여기서는 명사로 쓰이고 있으며, 뜻은 ‘(사회, 정치적인)
운동’이다. ‘conserve’는 ‘보존하다’의 뜻이므로 전체구문의 뜻은 ‘에너지 보존을 위한 운동’이 되겠다.

Questions
1.  According  to  the  article,  what  is  the  main  reason  for  the  rapid  rise  of  oil  prices  ?
2.  What  can  the  government  do  to  solve  this  problem?
3.  What  should  the  international  community  do  to  help?
4.  Can  a  country  survive  without  oil  as  fuel?
5.  Why  is  there  a  rising  cost  in  fuel?
6.  Do  you  think  your  government  is  doing  enough  to  help  in  the  rising  energy  cost?
7.  Is  car‐pooling  a  way  to  conserve  energy?

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 Business  Topics  3

89 WHEN THERE’ NO COMPENSATION FOR BUSINESS RESULTS

Fran I think I’m giving up Jan. We’e slaved ourselves making and
selling these hand-made jewelries for weeks but I don’t see any profit
coming out of it. Who knew it would be this difficult! We’e planned
and executed our strategy but to no avail. We just made enough to
cover our production costs. I really predicted we would make big
bucks from this venture. Now, I’m not so sure anymore.

Jan How could you give up so easily! After all, this is just our first
business venture. Millionaires never wavered when the going gets
tough. Didn’t we enjoy making those jewelries ourselves? Didn’t we have fun selling them at
the fair? They were all sold-out, weren’t they? Pretty soon, those who loved our work will order
more. Common, have a little faith.

Fran I know what you’re trying to tell me. Perhaps we spent more than what we should have
in decorating our booth at the fair. Next time, I’m going to look for cheaper beads and
supplies. Maybe this is what they call, return in investment, which we haven’t actualized yet.
Still, I hoped we made even a little to splurge on ourselves. We still have to be frugal for a
little while longer.

Words & Expression

results 결과,  결말 production 생산,  산출
investment 투자,  출자 decorating 꾸미다
actualized 실현되다 frugal 검약한,  소박한
jewelries 보석류
1. cover our production costs : ‘cover’는 ‘(비용, 손실 등을)보상하다(하기에 족하다)’의 의미로 사용된다.
따라서 본문의 구문은 ‘제작비용을 건지다’의 의미로 해석이 된다.
2. get tough : ‘(하는 일등이) 어려워지다, 힘들어지다’의 의미이다.
3. return in investment : ‘return’은 ‘수입’,’수익’,’이윤’ 등의 뜻을 가진다. 따라서 ‘return in investment’는 ‘투자
효율’의 뜻이다.

Questions
1.  Why  does  Fran  want  to  give  up  on  making  and  selling  hand‐made  jewelry?
2.  Why  didn’t  Jan  want  to  give  up?
3.  What  was  Fran  hoping  to  get  out  of  the  business?
4.  Do  all  businesses  have  profits?
5.  What  do  you  do  when  your  hard  work  has  not  been  rewarded  in  terms  of 
      profitability?
6.  What  are  the  kinds  of  personal  rewards  one  can  feel  after  doing  his  or  her  best?
7.  Name  a  kind  of  business  you  would  really  love  to  get  into.

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 Business  Topics  3

90 THE CUSTOMER IS KING

Saleslady 1 I’m reaching the end of my patience here! That woman is starting to get on
my nerves. She keeps sending me to the stock room to check for shoe sizes. She’ had eight
choices and she still can’t decide on what to buy. She must have tried on every shoe design,
color and brand in the store. Now, I have to go to the stock room again to get another pair of
shoe. I hope this does not end on her not buying anything at all.

Saleslady 2 Just stretch your patience a little more. We get a lot of those customers here.
The manager trained us to cater to our customer’ every whim even if it pains us to do so.
And we should even be doing it with a smile to our faces and courteous gestures. That’ how
it is in this retail business. We better treat our customers as kings and queens. Or we lose
business if we don’t because competition is tough in
this kind of business.

Saleslady 1 You’ve been doing this longer than I

am. How could you have lasted this long? I’ll try to
be more like you then. I will keep the complaints to
myself and put my best foot forward. I’m going to
sell some shoes to that woman if it’s the last thing I
do. Then, I can get my commission for that sale. I will
bring her this shoe now and hope for the best.

Words & Expression

patience 인내력 commission 임무,  직권
brand 상표 forward 앞으로,  전방으로
whim 변덕
1. reaching the end of my patience : ‘reach’는 ‘다다르다’, ‘the end of one’ patience’는 ‘~의 인내심의 끝,
한계’로, ‘reaching the end of my patience’는 ‘내 인내심의 한계에 다다르다’의 의미로 해석된다.
2. cater to our customer’ every whim : ‘cater’는 ‘비위를 맞추다’의 뜻이고, ‘whim’은 ‘변덕’의 의미이다.
따라서 ‘cater to one’ customer’ every whim’은 ‘고객의 변덕 하나하나에 비위를 맞추다’의 의미가 된다.
3. put my best foot forward : ‘put one’ best foot forward’는 ‘힘껏 서둘러 가다’, ’있는 힘을 다하다’, ’좋은
인상을 주려고 노력하다’의 뜻이다.

Questions
1.  Why  was  Saleslady  1  at  the  end  of  her  patience?
2.  What  sort  of  advice  did  Saleslady  2  tell  her  about  being  more  patient?
3.  What  did  Saleslady1  mean  when  she  said  she’l  “ry  to  be  more  like  you  then?”
4.  Are  customers  always  right  and  never  wrong?
5.  Have  you  ever  been  rude  to  a  saleslady  before?
6.  Do  you  think  you  have  the  patience  to  work  in  retail?
7.  Are  you  generally  an  easy  to  please  customer  or  a  difficult  one?

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 Business  Topics  3

91 COMPANY WORKER’ DRESS

Racquel Did you get the memo? The office will start implementing a
dress code by next week. Long-sleeved shirts with ties and matching
pants for men, no sandals or slippers. For women, short skirts and
sleeveless blouses are prohibited no slippers as well. Why didn’t they
just provide us with a uniform? That would have been easier. Too bad! I
will miss seeing your ratty pants and colorful t-shirts every day.

Bruce Now I have to start buying neckties. Tsk. At least the memo said
there will be a “casual” Friday. I will still get to see those slippers you’re
so fond of wearing. What? You’re prefer a uniform? I didn’t take you
for a conformist. Personally, I’d stay with the casual pants and t-shirts.
I’e always been comfortable in them. Why’d they decide to go office formal all of a sudden
anyway?

Racquel The Human Resources people said the fashion change will promote
professionalism. Go figure. Maybe it’s to discourage employees from ogling each other. Ha,
ha. Either that or the clients are complaining about the informal setting. Well, I’m not really the
uniform type. It’s just that it will save me the time I will have to spend on thinking which shoes
will go well with my skirt. You think the company will give us some clothes allowance? I don’t
have enough of last month’s salary to buy new blazers or jackets.

Words & Expression

implementing 도구,  기구 slippers 실내화
ratty 쥐 같은 wearing 입도록 지어진
uniform 유니폼,  한결같은 informal 비공식의
1. sleeveless blouses are prohibited : ‘be prohibited’는 ‘~이 금지되다’의 의미이며, ‘sleeveless’는 ‘소
매가 없는’을 뜻한다. 따라서 본문의 구절은 ‘소매 없는 블라우스는 금지된다’의 의미이다.
2. fond of wearing : ‘be fond of’는 ‘~을 좋아하다’의 의미이다. 따라서 ‘fond of wearing’은 ‘입기 좋아하는’,’입기
를 즐겨 하는’의 의미이다.
3. informal setting : ‘informal’은 ‘평상복의’,’또는 ‘격식이 없는’,’비공식의’의 의미이다. ‘setting’은 ‘주위 환경’,’배
경’을 나타내는 말이다.

Questions
1.  What  dress  code  is  the  office  implementing  by  next  week?
2.  What  did  the  Human  Resources  people  say  about  the  fashion  change?
3.  What  did  Racquel  say  about  the  new  dress  code?
4.  What  do  you  prefer  to  wear  in  the  workplace?
5.  Have  you  ever  tried  to  change  your  taste  in  fashion  just  to  conform?
6.  Have  you  ever  attracted  attention  because  of  what  you  were  wearing?
7.How  would  you  feel  if  you  were  required  to  wear  uniforms  at  work?

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 Business  Topics  3

92 MORNING PEOPLE
Chloe Why are you so up and about already? You woke
me up with all your little noises! You know I’m a light
sleeper. Is there some kind of emergency in the office?
Oh, I almost forgot that it’s Sunday today. But what are
you doing all dressed up? Please, just come back to bed.

Matt Honey, it’s already dawn. Sorry if I woke you, I was

trying not to. I made coffee earlier and it’ the coffeemaker
which was making all that sound. I’m dressed to go
jogging outside. I’l take the dog with me. I do this when I don’t have work to keep in shape.
It’s been a week that we’e married and you’re still not used to my early hours? I like being up
at dawn. You’ll get used to it.

Chloe Sigh! It’s ok. Don’t apologize. Maybe I’m still getting used to the fact that you’re a
morning person. In this city, almost everybody is a night owl. It’s good though, because you
get to take home the freshest seafood from the market. Don’t forget to buy bread from the
bakery. I also like it when you take home warm bread. Maybe I’ll join you next time but not
today.

Words & Expression

sleeper 잠자는 emergency 비상,  돌발사태
freshest 신선한 apologize 사과하다
dawn 새벽
1. light sleeper : ‘light sleeper’는 ‘잠을 얕게 자는 사람’,’잠귀가 밝은 사람’ 등을 뜻한다.
Ex Being a light sleeper, I wake up very often during the night. 얕은 잠을 자므로 나는 밤중에 자주 깬다.
2. keep in shape : ‘keep in shape’는 ‘모양을 망가뜨리지 않게 하다’, 즉, ‘몸매관리를 하다’의 의미가 된다.
3. night owl : ‘night owl’은 구어로, ‘밤 늦도록 자지 않는 버릇이 있는 사람’,’밤 일하는 사람’의 의미이다. 참고로,
‘early bird’는 반대의 뜻으로 ‘아침 일찍 활동하는 사람’을 말한다.

Questions
1.  Why  is  Chloe  a  light  sleeper?
2.  How  does  Matt  keep  in  shape?
3.  What  is  one  advantage  of  being  a  night  owl?
4.  Why  do  some  prefer  to  work  during  the  early  hours  of  the  morning?
5.  Are  you  a  morning  person  or  a  night  person?
6.  What  time  of  day  are  you  most  productive  ?
7.  What  activities  do  you  enjoy  doing  early  in  the  morning?

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 Business  Topics  3

93 WAGE GAP BETWEEN GENDERS

Lisa That was a tough meeting. The bosses were all astir; all
the secretaries were on their toes. What about you? How did your
department meeting go? Did you discuss office policies and employees’
compensation and other benefits? I wish the stockholders’conference
will finish soon so we can finally talk about employees’ concerns for a
change. I’ve been in this company for three years now. I hope I’ll get
compensated as much as our male counterparts.

Darryn I’ve been working here longer than you have and I’ve yet to see
a change. It’s frustrating every time you think about the discrimination.
Except for the female executives, the women here don’t get paid the same
as the men. I just don’t understand why. After all, they perform similar jobs.
Sometimes, we women even outperform our male counterparts. But has the company noticed?!
Certainly not!

Lisa Perhaps we female employees should sit down together and talk about it. Maybe we
can petition for better wages to our immediate superiors, who, in turn, can lobby for us before
the Human Resources (HR) department. I suggested this idea in one of our department
meetings before. The majority seemed keen to it. I’ve also been hounding my friend in the HR
about it. He advised me to make a formal request to my boss. It could work. Do you have a
better idea?

Words & Expression

compensation 배상,  변상 counterparts 부본,  사본,  대응물
outperform ~보다 discrimination 구별,  식별
wage 임금 genders 성
1. compensation and other benefits : ‘compensation’은 ‘보상’, ’보수’, ‘benefits’은 ‘이익’,’개인 또는 집단의
이익에 연결되는 복지책’, ’혜택’의 의미를 갖는다.
2. even outperform : : ‘outperform’은 ‘능력이 ~을 능가하다’, ‘~보다 성능이 낫다’의 의미이다.
3. seemed keen to it : ‘keen’은 ‘열중인’, ‘열심인’,’심취한’의 의미를 가지는 형용사이다. 따라서 ‘seemed keen to
it’은 ‘그것에 관해 열중한 것처럼 보였다’의 의미이다.

Questions
1.  What  was  Lisa’s  complaint  about  the  company  she  works  for?
2.  What  did  she  suggest  about  this  problem?
3.  According  to  HR,  how  are  they  going  to  proceed  with  the  complaint  process?
4.  Do  you  think  women  and  men  performing  the  same  work  should  be  paid  equally?
5.  Have  you  experienced  any  form  of  discrimination  in  the  workplace?
6.  What’s  the  proper  way  to  air  a  complaint  in  the  workplace?
7.  Should  workers  be  allowed  to  strike  and  lobby?

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 Business  Topics  3

94 ALASKAN DOG MUSHING

Reily I love dogs. I especially love Siberian Huskies. They resemble
the wolf so much that they look fierce. But they’re really gentle and
devoted creatures. They’re being used in a sport in Alaska. They call it
dog mushing, where a sled is pulled by several dogs to win a race. Dog
team members are given titles according to their position in the team.
They have lead dogs, swing, team and wheel dogs.

Claire Mushing is also a worldwide sport. Alaska is the largest state of

the United States being over twice the size of Texas. Nearly one-third of
Alaska lies within the Arctic Circle. There’ so much snow, no wonder
they love dog sledding and dog mushing there. It is said to be the last
frontier of the U.S. Its name is based on the Eskimo word Alakshak
meaning great lands of peninsula. Dog mushing in their offical statel sport.

Reily It must really be an exciting sport. It’s like a cross-country race expedition. You’ll
be under the mercy of the pristine wilderness of the Alaskan routes with only your dogs as
company. It is said that dog sledders and mushers develop a certain affinity with their canines.
You depend on each other to survive the grueling journey that you eventually regard them as
your family. I’m going to go to Alaska for vacation soon. I’ll try the sport myself.

Words & Expression

Alaskan 알라스카 사람 Siberian 시베리아
frontier 국경,  개척자 wheel 수레바퀴
pristine 원래의 sledding 썰매 타기
1. gentle and devoted : ‘gentle’은 ‘온화한’,’온순한’의 의미를 가지고 ‘devoted’는 ‘헌신적인’의 뜻을 가진다. 따라서
‘gentle and devoted’는 ‘온순하고 헌신적인’ 시베리안 허스키들의 성격을 나타낸다.
2. last frontier : ‘frontier’는 ‘미개척지’,’새 분야’의 의미로 ‘last frontier’는 ‘마지막 개척지’의 의미로 해석된다.
3. pristine wilderness : ‘pristine’은 ‘자연 그대로의’,’원래의’,’본래의’의 뜻을 가지며 ‘wilderness’는 ‘황무지’,’황야’,
’미개척지’의 의미이다. 따라서 ‘pristine wilderness’는 ‘자연 그대로의 황야’라는 뜻을 가진다.

Questions
1.  Describe  the  Siberian  Huskies.
2.  Where  did  Alaska  get  its  name?
3.  What  is  dog  mushing?  What  effect  does  it  have  on  the  dogs  and  its  owner?
4.  Would  you  like  to  visit  Alaska  someday?
5.  Do  you  find  dangerous  sports  exciting  and  thrilling  or  dangerous  and  risky?
6.  Have  you  ever  had  a  pet  that  you  regarded  as  family?
7.  Can  you  depend  on  an  animal  for  your  personal  survival?

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 Business  Topics  3

95 MAKING FULL USE OF LUNCHTIME

Pete Why do you eat so fast? We have an hour to spare for our
lunchtime you know. You always hurry and then leave afterwards.
Don’t you want to stay and chat with us? Harry has these funny stories
about his dog. Common Harry, you tell him that anecdote you told me
yesterday.

Fred It has nothing to do with you guys. I eat fast so I can still have
time to take a nap. We just moved to another house which is farther
from this office. Everyday I have to wake up earlier just to get here on
time. That’s why I have to make up for lost sleep. I need to take a power nap during lunch
break to revitalize me.

Pete I understand now. You have to maximize your one hour break. Sometimes we have to
make do with the little time that we have. Maybe we can help you sometimes take an earlier
break by helping you finish filing documents. If you’e going to finish late, you’re welcome to
stay over in my dorm. I just live ten minutes away from here.

Words & Expression

spare 절약하다 anecdote 일화
afterwards 뒤에,  그후 revitalize 일찍이
maximize 극한까지 증가
1. an hour to spare : ‘spare’는 여기에서, ‘(시간, 돈 등을)할애하다, 내주다’의 의미이다. 따라서’an hour to spare’
는 ‘~할 한 시간’,’쓸 한 시간’의 의미이다.
2. make up : ‘make up’은 ‘벌충하다’,’메우다’,’보충하다’의 의미이다.
3. make do with the little time : ‘make do with~’는 ‘그런대로 때우다’,’견디다’,’변통해 나가다’의 의미를 가
진다. 따라서 본문의 ‘make do with the little time’은 ‘짧은 시간을 그런대로 변통해 쓰다’의 의미이다.

Questions
1.  Why  is  Fred  eating  so  fast?
2.  Why  does  he  have  to  make  up  for  lost  sleep?
3.  How  did  Pete  suggest  he  could  help  Fred?
4.  What  other  activities  do  you  squeeze  in  during  your  lunch  break  when  you  can?
5.  Do  you  believe  in  the  saying  that  “time  is  gold?”
6.  What  do  you  like  to  do  whenever  you  have  time  to  spare?
7.  How  important  is  it  to  have  a  regular  schedule  planned  out?

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 Business  Topics  3

96 CO-WORKER
Allan Hey man! Have you seen the new partner? Denise or something?
There’s a looker. She’s a beauty with brains too. She’s supposedly
from a top school and the class valedictorian. Word has it that the
senior partners hired her on the spot, they were so impressed with
her credentials. I said hi to her yesterday, she seemed friendly and
approachable.

Denny Ah, yes. She’s a regular rose among the thorns. She’s not
only beautiful and smart, she’s gutsy. Heard she had a run-in with that
“dragon” from the 5th floor on her first day and she came out victorious.
Maybe they also teach them to grow tough backbones where she comes
from. I know I wouldn’t have tangled with a senior partner on my first
day. By the by, do you have the Palmer deposition? I need it for
tomorrow’s hearing.

Allan I’ll ask my secretary to put it on your desk. Maybe I should ask her out for lunch? She
might be able to help me on a case I’e been working on. It’ll also give me the chance to get
to know her better. You think she’ll say yes? I hope she stays here a long time, this place
certainly needs more people like her to brighten it up. Excuse me, will ya?! I think I see her
coming.

Words & Expression

hired 고용된 supposedly 상상된,  가정의
senior 손위의 approachable 가까이하기 쉬운
brighten 반짝이게 하다 certainly 확실히
1. hired her on the spot : ‘on the spot’은 구어로, ‘즉석에서’,’당장’의 의미이다. 따라서 본문의 구절은 ‘보자마
자 그 자리에서 그녀를 채용했다’의 의미이다.
2. had a run-in : ‘have a run-in’은 ‘~와 싸우다, 언쟁하다’의 의미이다.
3. brighten it up : ‘bright up’은 ‘밝게 하다’,’빛나게 하다’의 의미로, 본문에서는, ‘(주위, 분위기 등을) 밝게 하다’의
의미로 쓰였다.

Questions
1.  Why  was  Allan  excited  about  his  new  co‐worker?
2.  Why  was  Denny  impressed  with  Denise?
3.  What  were  Allan’s  reasons  in  inviting  Denise  to  lunch?
4.  How  will  you  welcome  a  new  co‐worker  on  the  job?
5.  Do  you  try  to  get  along  with  your  co‐workers?
6.  What  type  of  person  will  you  want  to  work  with?
7.  Have  you  ever  fought  with  a  person  from  your  office?

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 Business  Topics  3

97 FINDING SOMETHING TO CONCENTRATE ON

Susie Homework is so boring! I’d rather be out and playing sports. I’m
trying to focus on writing my paper here and my mind is elsewhere. This
paper is due tomorrow at school. I can’t seem to put my mind into this
endeavor. I’m thinking, how could Tiger Woods concentrate on that ball
then put it through the hole? How could Babe Ruth pitch that ball and
have a homerun? How could they still focus with a whole lot of people
watching and still get the right results?

Mom All these excuses! You just need something to focus on because
you’re mind is all scattered. The reason those great athletes can
concentrate so well is they have trained their minds not to wander. They contemplate on their
goals like where to put the ball, then go for it without delay. Now, train your mind to be quiet.
For this minute, visualize your goal. Then carry it out.

Susie So that’s why Tiger Woods takes his time before hitting the ball. He looks so
thoughtful and grim when he’s concentrating. I’m going to think in my head what my topic for
my paper should be. (Meditating) Aha! Now I have it. I’m going to write about Global Warming.
I’m sure I know enough to write about this. It also helps me concentrate when I look at my
aquarium. Water seems so serene and it inspires me to focus more.

Words & Expression

rather 오히려 grim 엄격한
concentrate 집중하다 visualize 보이게 하다
endeavor 노력하다
1. get the right results : ‘get the right results’는 ‘바람직한 결실을 맺다’, ’원하는 결과를 얻다’의 의미로 해석
될 수 있다.
2. contemplate on their goals : ‘contemplate’는 ‘심사 숙고하다’, ’묵상하다’, ’곰곰이 생각하다’의 의미로,
‘contemplate on the goals’는 ‘목표에 대해 깊이 생각하다’의 의미이다.
3. thoughtful and grim : ‘thoughtful’은 ‘생각이 깊은’, ’사려 깊은’의 의미이고 ‘grim’은 ‘엄한’, ’엄격한’,’불굴의’
의 의미이다.

Questions
1.  What  was  the  reason  Susie  couldn’  concentrate  on  her  homework?
2.  What  made  Tiger  Woods  and  Babe  Ruth  great  athletes,  according  to  Susie’  Mom?
3.  What  activity  helped  Susie  to  concentrate  on  writing  her  paper?
4.  Why  do  our  minds  wander?
5.  Are  you  easily  bothered  by  noise?
6.  Does  listening  to  music  help  one  to  concentrate?
7.  How  should  people  take  care  of  their  minds?

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 Business  Topics  3

98 YES MEN? OR NO MEN?

Beatrice In this new age where feminism abounds, men are
slowly becoming unnecessary creatures. Here’s an interesting
trivia for you. Ever wonder why males have breasts but have
no use for them? You see, by default, all babies started out as
females in the womb. That is why all humans have breasts. Then,
the right chromosomes will determine the gender whether to
make those breasts a male’ or a female’s. It’s amusing to think
that in a way, everyone started out as females.

Deidre Ha, ha, ha......Now, I can’t get that picture out of my head. Some women even say
that men are only necessary for procreation purposes. All tasks at home and at work can be
performed by women. They can even be better at doing them. Women can certainly rule,
huh? Now, I’m starting to think that the world can do without men. Do you suppose this is
right?

Beatrice I don’t blame you and others for starting to have that belief. Let’s just ponder on the
fact that Nature created men and women to establish some kind of balance in this universe.
There are strengths and weaknesses that each other posses. Men and women compliment
each other with all their peculiar traits. For example, men might be more analytical and women
tend to be more affective. We are like the yin and yang in Nature’s equation. So we have to
respect that fact.

Words & Expression

feminism 여권주의 wonder 불가사의,  경이로움
equation 같게함,  균등화 suppose 가정하다
respect 존경,  경의
1. by default : ‘default’는 원래 컴퓨터 등의 소프트웨어에서 나온 용어로, 최초로 설정된 기본 값을 의미한다. ‘by
default’ 여기에서 파생된 뜻으로, ‘기본적으로’, ‘자동적으로’의 뜻을 가진다.
2. be better at doing : 어떤 일을 하는 데 있어서 남보다 더 잘할 때 ‘be better at doing’의 표현을 쓴다. ‘better’
는 ‘good’의 비교급으로 ‘be good at doing’은 ‘~을 잘하다’의 의미이다..
3. yin and yang in Nature’ equation : ‘yin and yang’은 동양 철학에서 말하는 음과 양을 의미한다.

Questions
1.  Why  do  males  have  breasts?
2.  Why  does  Deidre  believe  that  the  world  can  do  without  men?
3.  Why  did  nature  create  men  and  women?
4.  How  are  men  and  women  like  the  yin  and  yang  in  Nature’  equation?
5.  Should  one  gender  think  that  it  is  superior  to  the  other?
6.  Should  men  and  women  have  equal  rights  in  society?
7.  In  your  opinion,  who  is  capable  of  more  intelligence:  men  or  women?

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 Business  Topics  3

99 THE INDECENT BOSS

Manny Hey, have you heard about the latest news in the
grapevine? They say Mr. Phelps is being offered a dignified
way out. He either files his voluntary resignation or he’ll be
disgraced with legal suits. The company is too good to even
offer him that option. I say, he should take the first choice after
all that he has done here. He should have been already sued
for his unethical actions! Mr. Phelps should not be allowed to
work in another company again.

Seth Too much greed led him to sell company trade secrets to another firm. He even had
the nerve not to declare substantial amounts of cash advances. Even charged some of them
to operating expenses when they were really just his personal expenses. But he seemed like a
good boss. He was always jolly and courteous to everyone. The big bosses are trying to keep
all these issues in the tab. They don’t want it to be known that they let go of Mr. Phelps for
the said reasons.

Manny Yes, they are right to keep this topic hush-hush. They are embarrassed about the
whole situation. They pirated Mr. Phelps from another firm, only to get this humiliating result.
He came very highly recommended. There will be much investigation and auditing that will
occur before he goes. He never really did anything to us personally to earn our disrespect.
But his corruption and greed surely will not earn admiration either!

Words & Expression

grapevine 포도 덩굴 voluntary 자발적인
greed 탐욕 advances 나아가게 하다
admiration 감탄,  칭찬 corruption 타락,  부패
1. dignified way out : ‘dignified’는 ‘위엄있는’, ‘고귀한’,’명예로운’의 뜻을 가지고 있다. ‘way out’은 ‘나가는 길’, ‘출
구’ ‘해결책’,’벗어나기’등 문맥에 따라 조금씩 변형이되어 해석이 될 수 있으나 본문에서는 ‘dignified’ 와 함께 ‘명예퇴직’을
의미한다.
2. keep all these issues in the tab : : ‘eep~in the tab’은 ‘~을 감시하다, 주의 주시하다, 망보다’의 의미 이다.
3. hush-hush : ‘hush-hush’는 구어로, ‘(계획 등이) 극비인’의 뜻을 가진다. 명사로는 ‘은폐’, ‘비밀’등의 뜻으로 쓰이고,
동사로는 ‘은폐하다’, ‘쉬쉬하다’의 뜻을 가진다.

Questions
1.  What  did  the  company  offer  Mr.  Phelps?
2.  Why  should  Mr.  Phelps  be  sued?
3.  Why  are  the  big  bosses  trying  to  keep  all  these  issues  in  the  tab?
4.  Have  you  ever  worked  with  anybody  who  was  greedy  and  corrupt?
5.  How  can  a  person  gain  respect  from  his  colleagues?
6.  Is  it  important  for  a  person  to  be  respected  by  his  peers?
7.  In  your  opinion,  do  others  think  well  of  you?

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 Business  Topics  3

100 CONGLOMERATE’ ASSET RETURN TO THE COMMUNITY

Principal We would like to thank Leman Industries for sponsoring the
construction of this elementary school. This school will be open to the
public soon. Leman Industries aims to put up many indigent children
to school so that they can have a better future. Aside from this public
elementary school, the company plans to put up a public hospital, in
cooperation with their affiliate companies. We should all be thankful that
a profit-oriented organization could care so much for the welfare of its
community. These are all good news for our community indeed!

Mr. Mansfield Madame, I concur. It is really admirable what Leman

Industries and its affiliates are doing. It is probably their way of giving back to their community.
Their revenue for this year is substantial that is why they could afford to allocate funds for
charitable purposes. This is a good thing, of course. They are not so shrewd as other
businessmen who want only to gain and not share their profits. There should be more like
Leman Industries.

Principal By way of helping their community, they might also want to inspire the loyalty of
their consumers. The CEO of Leman Industries is always willing to help out those in need.
They also announced that they are giving out college scholarships to those deserving. The also
promise jobs for their scholars when they graduate college. They want a hand in training their
future employees. That way they will be highly loyal to them and be more productive in their
work. This strategy is beneficial for everyone.

Words & Expression

construction 건조,  건설 indeed 실로,  참으로
substantial 실질적인 revenue 소득,  수입
scholarships 학문,  학식
1. better future : ‘더 나은 미래, 더 좋은 미래’ 를 뜻하는 말이다.
2. giving back to their community : ‘giving back’은 ‘다시 되돌려 주는 것, 즉 재산 등의 환원’을 의미하는
말이며, ‘community’는 자신이 속한 지역사회를 일컫는 말이다. 따라서 ‘giving back to their community’는 ‘받은 것,
얻은 것을 다시 사회에 환원하는 것’을 의미한다.
3. inspire the loyalty : 동사 ‘inspire’ 는 어떤 사상이나 생각을 고취시키는 것을 의미하며, ‘loyalty’ 는 신뢰, 충절,
충성심을 뜻한다. 따라서 ‘inspire the loyalty’는 ‘충성심을 고무, 고취시키다, 고객의 신뢰를 쌓다’ 의 의미가 된다.

Questions
1.  What  is  Leman  Industries  aim  for  the  welfare  of  its  community?
2.  Why  are  Leman  Industries  and  its  affiliates  doing  such  an  admirable  undertaking?
3.  What  is  Leman  Industries  doing  to  help  out  those  in  need?
4.  Do  businesses  have  an  obligation  to  give  back  to  the  community?
5.  Is  profit  the  primary  goal  of  any  business?
6.  What  will  happen  to  businesses  that  are  selfish  and  self‐seeking?
7.  Why  is  charity  work  and  helping  the  unfortunate  such  a  noble  thing  to  do?

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 Business  Topics  3

101 SEXUAL HARASSMENT

Randy Female workers can often misconstrue the little
gestures males do. For mundane things such as, boss worked
us too hard, the trainer talked too much, didn’t talk enough, just
didn’t like the trainer, used the wrong words, they would file for
sexual harassment. Females sometimes take advantage of
the term just to play around with their male workers. When you
ignore women, they will sometimes accuse you of not taking
them seriously. I don’t know how to act around them anymore.
They’e sending the wrong signals with their fickle-mindedness.

Fran You can’t blame all women. They’e been victims of sexual harassment all their life. It
is only now that they’re asserting their rights. Honestly, the victim may be a woman or a man.
And the victim does not have to be the person harassed but could be anyone affected by the
offensive conduct. So almost anyone affected can file for complaint. The sexual harasser, in
turn, may also be a woman or a man. He or she can be the victim’ supervisor, employer,
coworker or a non-employee.

Randy There’s a very thin line on what constitutes sexual harassment nowadays. The
definition became so broad with the new laws passed regarding sexual harassment.
Harassment can be verbal and physical in nature. Now, you have to be careful when joking
around with co-workers. No more clean fun bantering with your pals in the cafeteria. Always
being conscious about our actions, is seriously straining some friendly relationship in the office.

Words & Expression

mundane 현세의,  세속적인 advantage 유리,  이익
ignore 무시하다 offensive 불쾌한
verbal 말의,  구두의 physical 육체의
1. mundane things : ‘mundane’은 ‘평범한’, ‘흔히 있는’의 의미이다. 따라서 ‘mundane things’는 ‘흔히 있는 일’ 을
칭한다.
2. offensive conduct : ‘offensive’는 ‘무례한’,’화나는’,’모욕적인’의 뜻이다. 따라서 ‘offensive conduct’는 ‘모욕적인
행동’을 뜻한다.
3. verbal and physical : ‘verbal’은 ‘언어의’,’말의’ 뜻이고, ‘physical’은 ‘신체의’의 뜻이다.

Questions
1.  What  ordinary  things  can  make  women  file  for  sexual  harassment?
2.  Can  anyone  affected  file  for  complaint?
3.  How  would  you  define  harassment?
4.  Have  you  ever  made  offending  jokes  about  somebody?
5.  How  do  you  determine  if  someone  is  making  improper  advances  on  you?
6.  Have  you  ever  been  a  victim  of  sexual  harassment?
7.  Are  you  an  easygoing  person,  or  are  you  very  easily  offended?

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 Business  Topics  3

102 Requirements for Success

Reporter Sir Norton, you are one of the most successful businessmen in the country today.
Can you tell us what we have to do in order to succeed?

Norton Thank you, sir. I have been in this business for almost 25 years now. I have had many
experiences; ups and downs I have faced different problems, dealt with different employees
and bosses. I have worked in six companies; I have been terminated twice; I have resigned
four times. Sir, with all of this business experience, I can say I have learned a few things
about how to succeed. The key word is respect. First, you have to learn to respect yourself.
Dress properly, behave properly. Next, you have to have great respect for your coworkers and
your superiors. You should respect the company. Adhere to the
company’s rules and regulations. This foundation of respect will
gradually grant you responsibility, and then responsibility will give you
authority. Then, you can work your way up to where you want to be
and what you want to be.

Reporter Those are insightful and inspiring words, Sir Norton. I

believe that achieving the kind of foundation of respect can, indeed
propel people towards success. Now, Sir Norton, can you tell us a
proverb or a maxim you live by?

Norton I have my own and this is what I think about every time I get
to work: I want to have a big breakfast!

Words & Expression

resign 사임하다 terminate 끝내다
regulation 규칙 adhere 들러붙다
grant 주다 gradually 점차적으로
insightful 통찰력 있는 authority 권위
propel 촉구하다 maxim 격언
1. ups and downs : ups and downs는 ‘영고성쇠’, ‘(인생의) 단맛 쓴맛’, ‘기복’을 뜻한다. 본문에서도 ‘우여곡절’로
해석을 하면 적절하다.
2. I want to have a big breakfast : 이건 별도의 이디엄으로 표현이 아니라, 문학적인 표현에 해당된다. 문
자적으로 ‘아침을 거하게 먹고 싶다’ 정도로 이해하면 된다. 본문에서 일을 해야 하는 순간에 이 말을 떠올리니, 일하지
않아서 아침까지 못 먹게 되는 상황을 생각하면서 일을 열심히 한다는 의도로 표현한 것이다.

Questions
1.  How  many  years  has  Mr.  Norton  been  in  business?
2.  According  to  Norton,  what  is  the  key  word  in  learning  how  to  succeed?
3.  What  does  Mr  Norton  think  of  every  time  he  gets  to  work?
4.  Are  you  a  career  oriented  person  or  a  family  oriented  one?
5.  Is  success  defined  by  the  amount  of  money  one  has?
6.  Can  one  be  considered  successful  even  if  he’s  poor?
7.  Who’s  your  inspiration  for  success?

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