Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Bamboo
Bamboo
CONCRETE
1
INTRODUCTION
Bamboo has been used as a
construction material in certain area for
centuries. A study of bamboo is used
as a reinforcement in precast concrete
elements was carried out in U.S Army
Engineer Waterway experiment station
in 1964. Bamboo was given recent
consideration for use as reinforcement
in soil cement pavement slabs in which
the slabs behave inelastically even
under light loads.
2
BAMBOO CHARACTERISTICS
Bamboo is giant grass not a tree.
The density of fibres in cross-section of a
bamboo shell varies with thickness as well
as height.
The strength of bamboo is greater than
most of the timber products.
Bamboo is more prone to insect attack
than other trees and grasses.
Bamboo can prevent pollution.
3
SELECTION AND PREPARATION
OF BAMBOO
SELECTION
Use only bamboo showing a pronounced brown
color. This will insure that the plant is at least
three years old.
Select the longest large diameter culms
available.
Do not use whole culms of green, unseasoned
bamboo.
Avoid bamboo cut in spring or early summer.
These culms are generally weaker due to
increased fiber moisture content.
4
VARIOUS SPECIES OF BAMBOO
5
PREPARATION
Sizing
Splitting
Seasoning
Bending
Waterproof Coating
6
CONSTRUCTION PRINCIPLES
Concrete Mix Proportions
The same mix designs can be used as
would normally be used with steel reinforced
concrete. Concrete slump should be as low as
workability will allow. Excess water causes
swelling of the bamboo. High early-strength
cement is preferred to minimize cracks caused
by swelling of bamboo when seasoned
bamboo cannot be waterproofed.
7
Placement of bamboo
9
Mechanical properties of bamboo reinforcement
11
BEAMS AND GIRDERS
Bamboo longitudinal reinforcement
should be between 3 and 4 percent of the
concrete cross section.It have the same
bending moment resistance coefficient as a
balanced steel reinforced beam, singly
reinforced. Economy of concrete increases
going to the left on the curve; therefore,
deeper, narrower replacement beams are
recommended. A minimum number of rods
should be used to provide adequate spacing.
The bamboo stirrup area should always be
about 4 times the steel stirrup area. 12
Example
Design of Bamboo Reinforced Beam:
Design a bamboo reinforced concrete beam to span
2.43m and to carry a uniform dead load plus live
load of 450 KN/m and two concentrated loads of
108 KN each symmetrically located 0.6m each side
of the center line of span. Assume the ultimate
strength of the concrete is 240KN/m2; the
allowable compression stress is 108 KN/m2
Allowable unit diagonal tension stress,V , in the
concrete is 72 KN/m2. Allowable tension stress, s,
in the bamboo is 400 KN/m2; the allowable unit
bond stress between bamboo and concrete is 40
KN/m2.
13
Solution
3. From
bd2 = 13899.6/115 = 120.86 m3
14
7. Check the bond stress. Maximum shear at the support, V, is
determined as:
V = 450(2.43)/2 + 108 = 860 KN/m2.
The perimeter of one splint is 4(3/4) or 3 m.; the total perimeter
of the longitudinal reinforcement, ∑0, is 9(3) = 27 m. The value
of j = 0.925
u = V ÷ ∑ojd = 654.7 ÷ 27(0.925)(7.06) = 13 KN/m2
This is less than the allowable bond stress of 40 KN/m2.
8. Calculate the shear, V', taken by the concrete from
V' = νbjd = 72(2.4)(0.925)(4.75) = 759.2 KN/m2
Where ν is the allowable diagonal tension stress of the concrete.
9. Provide 0.4 mm thick splints for stirrups. The area provided by
one stirrup bent into a U-shape, A, is 4(0.4) = 1.6 mm2 (Stirrup
area 4 times the dia). Maximum spacing, s, is given by:
s = Aσjd ÷ (V - V') = 1.6(400)(0.925)(4.75) ÷ (860 – 759.2) =
10.1mm.
17
3. If a square column is chosen, it will have face
dimensions of
b = (16.20)½ = 4.0 m
18
COMPARISON OF BAMBOO AND
STEEL
The strength of bamboo is greater than
steel.
Bamboo is easily accessible.
Bamboo lowers the cost of construction.
Increases the strength of the buildings .
Bamboo can crack and deflect more than
steel reinforcement.
19
Other Applications Of Bamboo
21
Bamboo scaffolding at the top of a new high-rise building in Hong kong
22
CONCLUSION
The environmental and financial
comparison demonstrates that bamboo can
compete with building material. Bamboo is a
natural product and will therefore always have
some extent of irregularity. It is therefore
suggested that the bamboo culm should be used
in functions were the measurement
requirements are not entirely precise or fixed, as
in temporary buildings (e.g., pavilions and tents)
or small civil projects. Furthermore, bamboo
can play a role as a non-supporting or finishing
material.
23
For More Paper Presentations on civil
engineering topics visit the following
website…