Equipment:

Stirring Rod, Blender, Funnel, Separate funnel, Desiccator, Erlenmeyer, Beaker glass, Measuring
cup, Gauze, Filter paper Whatman, Round bottom flask, Analytical balance, Oven, Pipette,
Rotavapor, Test tube, Waterbath.

Material:
Aquadest, Diethyl Ether, Ethyl Acetate, HCl 2 N, Methanol, N-butanol, Petroleum ether.

Sample preparation.
Wash the Lidah Mertua leaves with running water which had been cut into pieces, and dried it by
aerating without direct sunlight for 4 hours. Dried it in the oven at 50 ° C then mashed using a
blender.

Saponin Identification.
Insert 0.5 g of simplicia powder of Old Aloe leaf in a test tube, then added 10 ml of hot water.
Cool it down for a moment before shake it vigorously for 10 seconds until a solid foam was
formed. And then added 1 drop of HCl 2 N through the test tube wall. On additions of 1 drop of
HCl 2N, if the foam does not disappear, It means the sample contains saponins.

Extraction process.
50 grams of Lidah Mertua leaves powder is refluxed with methanol (1:10) for 30 minutes. The
Sari methanolic is separated from pulp. The methanolic juice is evaporated with the rotary
evaporator until thicken. Weighed the condensed extract which is obtained from rotary
evaporator and calculated the yield.

Determination of saponin.
1.25 grams of extract refluxed with 50 ml of petroleum ether at temperature 60-80 ° C for 30
minutes. After cooling, the petroleum ether solution is removed and the residual residue is
dissolved in 50 ml of ethyl acetate. The solution is transferred to a separating funnel then
separated from the ethyl acetate solution. The Petroleum ether solution was discarded and the
remaining residue dissolved in 50 ml of ethyl acetate. The solution which is transferred to a
separating funnel was separated from the ethyl acetate solution. The remaining residue was
dissolved with 50 ml of n-butanol 3 times, respectively. All butanolic solutions were mixed and
evaporated at the rotary evaporator. The remaining evaporation is dissolved with 10 ml of
methanol then the solution is dripped into 50 ml of diethyl ether while stirring. Sediment formed
in the mixture are poured on filter paper which weight is known, then rinsed the sediment on
paper with 10 ml of diethyl ether. When the filter paper had dried, weighed until the weight fixed.
The difference in weight of filter paper before and after filtering is determined as the saponin
weight.