+ Grading Syslem - oe 5 7 Tops Cuizzea — 60% — qt ZT Nomeworks — — _|S% - Final Exam — 15% A We 5 gg cy 1) Properties of Steam ond Steam Processes i Zs) Rorking Engine ord Gl ond EAcinces ar Regeneral ve Ranke Engine ancl Gele with 2 7 + Open Feed nailer Healers COFWel Hits __v DChsed Feedwater Heaters (CF WH ESE 8 45) Regeneralive Rankine Cycles with OFwe A CFWH; ond Rehecer s = ¥,5) Cogeneration . 4% DCombinal Cycle /Binary Vapor Cycle « ill | L — oe —I @ a SIN Nii Q $i ve FISH HS VY SIS Id ddd a e VEG V Oss vv 2 1: Properties oF Steam sno. Steam Roce sse '» Laws of Thermodynamics (Review) 2) First Law = ~Enerau can neither*be created nor destroyed chring q process; it Can only change. forms." “Closed System ‘aE * Qin - Woot - Open glen Qin = aH + oPE + akE + Woot 2) Second Law : i “Energy has quality as well as quantity and the.aciea| process cccorin the dire ction -of decreasing quality of energy + For cles @kelvin - Plane Statement |t is impossible for ony device that operates on a cycle fo receive heat from a single reservoir and produce a_nek_qmount of work Heat 7 sat Source working sobstence aysivs: Stadement ft is impossible te consituct a device that operates ing ond produces no effort other than the transfer of from_a_lower - femperature body bo higher ~Femp, o Wwer= Qin Qaux |3) Third Low ia = “A pore Crystalline sobstance at absolte zero femperatore __~ is in_perfect~ order, and! the entropy 1's zero. entro v fe Note:The -level-of molecular: disorder. Centropy) z of a substance increases as it melts or evaporates. iB less entropy , more energy fo be harvested. 4) Zeroth Law “IF two bodies are in thermal equilibrivm with o thied! body > they are also_in thermal equilibrivm with one another.” Le Vapor and Combined Power Cycles Definitions: fies ja “Vapor Cycle - use floid as working mediom to produce Power - floid Cliquiel_or gos/veper ) such as steam, mercury, ~ ond combination of water (moistre) and steam, + Steam - most commonly used working fluid dve to low cast, availability and high enthalpy Cheat content) Properties of Fluids * + Enthal - total heat content thd ky) n (uy) -_molecolar energy kT kg ) = sum of all microscopic forms o cnergy Q Entropy Cs) - a measure of molecular disorder, or molecdlar randomness (kT/kg-)