[revues etn My Mother At Sixty-Six—Kamala Das The poet, Kamala Das is driving from her parent's home to the airport at Cochin. Her mother is dozing with her mouth open. She is very old, inactive and lifeless. The poet realised that her mother might not live for too long, ‘The poet distracted herself from her mother and looked at the young trees and merry children, The young trees symbolise the freshness of life while the old mother symbolises passive life, ageing and death. Children are running out of their homes. They are young. On the contrary, the mother is old, inactive and lifeless. After the airport's security check, the poet saw her mother’s colourless, dull face. Her childhood’s fear of losing her mother returned. ‘The mother has been compared to the “late winter's moon’ because she has lost her shining skin and strength. The poet emphasizes the colourless, lifeless and inactive life of her mother. To hide her feelings, she said, “See you soon, Amma”. ‘These words signify the parting on a positive note and a hope of meeting again, She smiles to comfort herself as well as mother. sonication Simile “.ryoung trees Srnting® s . Yrony ace ashen lke that of corpse eT te wince moore Young Treas sprinting, the marty chioten spling out of ther Names Metaphor “merry cilren sping out” hile the mothe ikea corpse Tresor Repetition TEER sn ater wan, pale’ “Stile and sme and smile,” “What two images does Kamala Das use to describe her mothers face? What is common between them? Two Inages to desrbe mother’ face ae Corpse" and tle winter's moon’ The eemmon between the Bxo mages are—poeness, weakness, less The wards rvng‘and Goze’ provide a good contast ing images of yramic actnty and passivity. ‘Aunt Jennifer's Tigers —Adrienne Rich ‘Aunt Jennifer's tigers are not real, They are on a screen. ‘They are. brightly coloured dwellers of green forests. They have no fear of men because they are powerful. Theyare sure of their power and strength. They move in an elegant manner. ‘Aunt Jennifer is oppressed by her husband's dominance ‘over her. Her movements are affected by her heavy wedding ring and the ordeals of her married life. Aunt Jennifer will remain caught in the ordeals of her ‘marriage til her death. But the tigers in the panel which she made will go on prancing, proud and unafraid, Why does Aunt Jennifer ereate animals which were diferent from her own character? Aunt Jennifer was oppressec by her husband's dominance over het. She S meek and submissive Honever, She wanted to be proud, Tears 8nd fee ner ie So she chose fhe figure of the tigers for her pane! becouse tigers symbolise Strength ona power, fearlessness nd freedom. She exresses her bitterness against mote dominance through at and creat Keeping Quiet —Pabio Neruda Counting upto twelve and keeping still will help us achieve perfect silence to introspect. A long silence might interrupt the sadness of men as they could analyse their Alteration fingers futering” ‘ean cerainty” “prancing, proud” “Yinged with ordeals has two mesnings—{) suroundes by the constraints of her mated ite, wedding rng symbolizes weight of her mmornage. ("ringed also means ‘chained wrongs and follies and create mutual understanding and, brotherhood. Pablo Neruda is referring to the sadness of never understanding ourselves and nature and threatening ourselves with death or destruction.The moments of silence would be exotic, “Green Wars’ imply wars with environment. ‘Wars with gas’ cause environment pollution and ‘wars with fire’ means nuclear wars. These wars will provide a victory with no survivors. So, the war mongers should walk together spreading the message of brotherhood and love. ‘The poet says keeping quiets net total inactivity, Le. death, ‘Earth’ seeming to be still is very much alive underneath. Human beings can leam from the earth/nature to be stil land grow at our own pace. roy fan rsonifictior ace o te earth” Hyperbole Seto wth n0 survivors (There wi be no ane alive to celebrate vito.) "Hf we were not so single-minded ...". Whom does we" refer to in the above lines? we’ refers tothe paosieof the word/numan begs. ‘Which images in the poem show that the post condemns violence? herman not harming whalaswars wih gas; wars wt fe vitor with Spite and disappointment, lof noble matures and lack of human ques are toe may causes of human suferngs in tedays wert. Man hs ost Nis Terkel peace dbemiot ever thnk Pow he's destroying the naire for his Sah, materia routs ‘The peers meszapeleypetatins from all human beings ~live by mang harmony wth earth Stop desruation rose neve in peace and brotherhood A Thing of Beauty —John Keats Beautiful things are a source of eternal joy; provide mental Peace, hope and contentment. A beautiful thing never Moves into emptiness, It has a long standing impression, \We are despondent due to lack of noble nature and human ‘qualities. In spite ofall his troubles, man stil loves life because ‘thing of beauty removes all sad thoughts and lfts our spirits. + Daffodil flowers spread beauty and charm in the green parks. + Rills or small streams cool the surroundings on a hot summer day. + Mid-forest brake is rich because musk roses grow and spread fragrance and beauty. John Keats considers ‘lovely tales’ of mighty dead an endless fountain of immortal drink and associates ‘grandeur’ with, the ‘mighty dead’ because splendor of their deeds inspire Us and exert divine influence like a fountain, springing from the edge of heaven, By inactivity, the post means complete stlInss/no movement ‘Life is what itis about” means that we must ve life to {he fulest with contentment and a pestve attude [REESE —Pevoniicaton ana metaphor “Some shape of beauty moves away the pall Metaphor From our dark spits "Abower quis for us’ Alteration “Aiowery bane “noble natures" “Cooling cover” Metaphor ‘Transferred Epithet "an endless fountain of soomy days; healthy and o'r darkened ways" Immortal eink, Personifietion ouring unto us fom inhuman dear” “datfodis™ the heaven in” "A ower quiet for us! means a shacy pace for one to st and ponds? ‘Quit breathing’ Imples the sense of peace and serenty tt ne experinces on souing beaut objec. ‘The mighty dead are great weiter, scuptors, painters, tc (our Immortal di refers to~ovely tals, things of beauty,LETTER WRITING Job applicat 2376 tantra ar ebro 2 March 2039 ‘The Pincpal Ryan Intemational School Papargar), Debi ‘Subject Apgcation forthe jb ofan Accountant Sk, This is with reference to your advertsement in The ‘Times of India on 28 February 2019 fr the Job of an Becoustant Lam at present working with 2 company in ‘Gurugtar Sina my family vos mn East Dal ed afel to commute dally, Hence |r looking for {Jobin Del, ‘assure you of my best services gven a chance 1am encsing ny biodata for your perusal Yours uty Keshav Boda name esha Angi laddress 3/5 Yarune ih, Geb-10953, Jedueationa! +8. Cam Hors), On Unvorsy Jouatitestons iA (Computed nue fob Experience Werk forthe is years in expected satary 25000 pn Reerencss Mr Sengupa, Head Aco Drs Fs Ue Business letters Letters of enquiry/asking for information 15, Geeta Colony ein 2 ly 2019 ‘The Pincpal National Fstion Instute alka, New Dah Subject: [ofoumation cegardng Corespondeice ‘Course'in Fashion Technology Sk, Lam interested in joining the Fash Techaelogy Course, ith reference to your adveftisemeént in the Hincuttan mes datee 25 June 2019, T came °9 ‘cow thet your nctute offer CorSsponcence (Course in Fashion Teemnoogy. 1 have Just passod ry Gass Xf Board Fxaminad, Kindly send me thé folowing detals about the (@) Duration of tre eaurse, {() Fees fr the course and the details of payment {) Stadené concession or schoarsip (ny) {) Placement opportunites after completing the Kinaly mal a copy of prospecus/brochure to me at my adress. Looking forward t an eary response. Yours smecrely sShivek Placing an Order St Jeseohs Senool Den 9 March 2017 “Te Sales Manager fis Krsna Spots Noise °F Subject: Placing an oer for sorts coods So Ris lfm you tha out scae management 3s approved your quolain no. 143/28 regarding ‘ipa af sports coats. Key Supiy the ooning tems within en oye Blond wih bl os any working day bemean 6 am iozpm S.No, | —Partieulars ‘Quantity 1 | Grek bats 7 deren 2. | creker bats 2 ren 3. | cricket cloves 3 dozen | Voteyeats 2 pieces 5. | Footbal S pieces 6.__|Bodrinton racquets |__1.dazen 1 hope that we are ented to 10% diseountas promtsed by ou Poyment wll be made by chégue after the coraignment is recelved We ok forward to your timely exediion ofthe oder Yours scerely Sogan sharma (Sfons Tretaroe) Official letters Letters of complaint about refrigerator, washing machine, ste 63/6 Yemana Vihar Deni 2 May 2019 “The Sales Manager Le ste Cig ines) Be Subject: Complaint about technica fal in. ‘efrigerator ea Si “Tis isto bring to your kind hotce that last month, | purchased tom your fim a tastes Samsung refrigeratoy bil No, 2602, datec 5 Apr 2019. 1 had prefertea i because a ts good reputation ‘and popuariy amang people. But | reget to tnd that within a ment, the freezing section ofthe refrigerator has stopped functioning Sinethas been given two years’ warranty aainst any technical faut, you ae requested to send your Iecranic to reetty the problem {Sif obige you knly replace the refrigerator wt 2 new one. Hoping to hear fom you atthe earliest ‘Yours sincerely avesh| (6 marks) 12¢ Letters of complaint Ho. 6, G3 Bock Gppest OESU Offs Yarnuna Vinay, Defn=10053 2 march 2018 The SHO Pics Station Bhajan ure, Debs Subject: rr ‘Seger Staten 50 words si As an aogreved ane overharassed member of the Buble, I Want ram your atention towards the Bod id ard order stun nour local. As you musthave ijn tar severel nacere of et (a. EAAOB ropbery on 26 Jonuary 2018) ond ca phone Sratcsng have bean reported iC Ac, Yamuna ‘ier spce the sar oF ths year ‘This 's my second consecutive let addressed to our goot-se en ie above sald problem. Bat [py migortune, am yt to hea rom you, ard get {he recrensal of he ghevances of local redert {is my humble request to take the ul notes of {hs problem an sit he seciy of Or locally. Hoping fora od response. Yours euly ‘Subhash Dey Letters to the Editor Letters to the Editor 4, Punjab Bagh Den 2 March 2018 ‘The Editor ‘The Times of Indl Deh ‘Subject: Undue burtan on school chldran Sk, “Thraugh the columns of your esteemed newspaper I ‘Would ike to daw the atlenton of the authortes to theundue burden of heavy bags on schoo chieren Ris apy that tiny kes cary 3 heavy load on ther Ie shoulders. Infact Ee fos is much igher thon ‘heir pysea strong. fis even dticut at tos fo moun te Bus. Upto standard stress-free leering without books 'Ssought tobe plemented Yours tuty YesnINVITATIONS ‘Formal Invitations Mrs. & Mr. RIK, Gupta request the pleasure of your benign presence on ‘the auspicious occaslon of the marrage of ther daughter ‘SUMAN with NARESH (Sj Mrs. & Me: RK. Deewan) ‘Venue Lly Resorts, 6.1. Road, Det Proaramme Monday, 27 March 2019, 8.00pm 3.00 om Reception of Bart Dinner ‘Tuesday, 28 March 2019, 04 6.00 am With Best Complements from: AllReiatves & Friends ‘The Management, Staff and Students of D.AV. Public School, Patparganj, Delhi request the pleasre of your benign presence onthe auspicious occasion of THE ANNUAL FUNCTION Tarang (On Monday, 16 January 2019 a 6 pan. ‘The National Auditorium Manish Sisodia Hone Eeveation Minster, Det has indy cnsontad to be the chief guest and give away the pies eseuctians caddis bo paso aly 2 ana esata y £39 pm 5 cThe use of mele ones and camera probes Proyrnne ovat Replying to formal invitations ‘Mz Sugan Shara thanks Me and Mrs. Deepak Aggrawal for thei rd lewtation which he Is delighted to Tir Sugan sharma thanks Me and Hrs. Deepak Agaraval for her kine Invitation, but regrets is Inblty Informal invitation Gaye vamvuna Whar Dehi 20 March 2019 Dear Monan, ‘Wie have much pleasure in initing you to the Sth birthday party which we are Giving for our daughter, Vinda st 6.30 p.m. on 26 March a ou residence Ghiy cose friends and relatives are invited. Locking frwaré to seing you Yours sncerey| subhash DIAN. Publie’School Patpagan, Deh Bhavesh Jan (C38 Yamuna Vhar Deh 15 September 2019 Sh, ‘Subject: Invitation to pteside over Inter School Decamatian Competition The Englsh Lterary and Debating Society of our Schoo has orgenzea an Inter-chool Dedlamation Compettion on te topic Mere Vocational Courses shouldbe intoducnd athe +2 level. Anumer of students rom al over Deh, Noida anc Gurvaram are key to partiopate im te competion ‘ie shalbe onoured i you Kinely consent preside over the function to be Fld on 3 Oczaber 2019 at 10.00 am. he crolaudeorum. th warm Fegares, ‘Yous snodrely Bhawa Dresicent ‘Replhing to Tejormal TRLaLons aye Yarra VS, beh 2 Setenbe B19 Dear He haa, Mary ant ng me to prs rete inter shol| Dadanatn Cnperean tbe neson’ cobe 20100 f+ Na? i aha eelghed nated Ue uncon and sped tine tent eves of Sent suchas yur al be kad on pond wn rnsp he oso accept to acceplithe same dae to prior” | [Yous wuly engagement De Bhavesh in 4 Daxiang ata ‘Gaye Yamane Ww Dehi 22 March 2019 Dear Subhash, ‘Thank you fer your kind invitation. 1am sory to say, however | ax {hat shal not be abe to come to the party as I shall be out || Pwaaaey (of station that week. {ish Vind all the best forthe fuse ith warm regards, Yours smoerely Mohan