Professional Documents
Culture Documents
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Haifa Alshammari
IT 104 – 001
3/3/2019
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mimics human intelligence through learning, evaluating, correcting information and making
reasonable decisions (Jorg et al, 2018). It is the ability for machines to perform tasks
successfully. AI was first initiated to the modern world in the 50’s by John McCarthy, after his
first academic conference regarding AI (University of Washington, 2006). However, the idea of
creating a machine that stimulate human mind and act as human behaviors was proposed five
years prior to the conference, according to the same journal (2006, para.3).
Artificial intelligent machines, such as robots and computers, have been used in
healthcare facilities. Some people believe that reliance on AI in healthcare kept increasing since
it started to where it might replace physicians in the future. Therefore, this paper will discuss AI
and its impacts on physician’s career in the future from multiple angles.
In an article discussing how Artificial intelligence can improve health system in the
United States, AI is used currently in hospitals to guide doctors and nurses towards excellent
diagnostic and reduce errors as much as possible such as for diabatic patients (Kevin, 2017). In
addition, computers have been used to store patient’s information. ‘Robots were used recently to
check up on patients in hospitals and communicate with nurses. Communication between doctors
and patents in hospitals not only was through audio messages, nor was it typed information
carried by the robots only, but robots had an actual screen attached to it where allows
communication through images and videos, too. It is similar to a video call. A robot would
Will Artificial Intelligence replace doctors in healthcare? | 3
physically walk, yet the physician would remotely control it from their office, as an example’
(Dingfelder, 2019).
Furthermore, not only robots were messengers between nurses and patients, they were
used in the United States since 2000 to perform what is called ‘Robotic surgeries’ (Mayo Clinic,
2019). Several beneficial results for robotic replacement such as less health issues and better
recovery afterwards were reported, according to the Mayo clinic website (2019). ‘Another
quality of using AI in healthcare is, it provides protection for its cybersecurity programs. It can
detect unusual events in systems and respond immediately, unlike traditional IT systems. The
technological system used to inform health workers with warnings that may pop up in the screen,
Artificial intelligence could be an advance tool for modern medicine, yet, it can validate
people’s private information. Saving medical history in smart phone such as using an app to
document health history for a person, in my opinion, make the information vulnerable and can be
easily comprehensible to hackers. In fact, business owners benefit from entered personal
information in smart phones for marketing purposes. They make use of this opportunity for
advertisement such as selling ads related to personal information after interned in search engines
(Brubaker, 2018).
form trust with patients is beneficial for physicians; Yet, the study claims that it might create bias
in treatment between patients due some physicians might discriminate between patients. Other
Will Artificial Intelligence replace doctors in healthcare? | 4
doctors might prefer patients from specific race or ethnicity over another race and ethnicity.
Therefore, machines could be an advantage which eliminates bias and provide equal treatment
regardless of patient’s information. (Jorg et al, 2018). Artificial intelligence can also improve or
save people’s lives through telehealth. Patients could communicate with their physicians via cell
phones to measure and evaluate their health issue from a distance (Radhakirshna et al., 2013).
On the other hand, while AI are able to evaluate facts and provide easier and faster
judgment maintains privacy and security of patients while figuring out solutions for health
issues. It can better robotic for providing fair decisions that adjust with each situation (Lord,
2018). This type of judgment won’t be done via AI robots, According to Lord. Generally, it is
more like generating data, calculating it and providing it to physicians to evaluate it and make
decisions. There isn’t reasonably judging for health conditions of patients. Finally, vulnerability
of patient’s information challenges health worker’s morals due to any worker might have easy
access to it. Laws however protects patient’s private information from being exposed to
strangers.
According to Asif in his article Replacing humans with machines, Artificial intelligent
was created to better serve and improve human lives. Its purpose was to assist human instead of
replacing human brain. And therefore, the author believes that regardless of how intelligent
machines may reach, it will never beat human performance because they created it (2002).
Moreover, in the Artificial intelligence in healthcare journal, explains the true role of AI in
healthcare. They emphasize on the fact that it was designed to improve human judgmental
decisions via adequate information, yet, it was never meant to be created to replace or eliminate
Will Artificial Intelligence replace doctors in healthcare? | 5
physician’s role (2018, p3). In Massey’s opinion in the same journal, AI might be developed to
Conclusion
To sum up, Artificial Intelligent machines were human made machines. They were
innovations of the past seventy years. Their purpose was to assist and provoke human
intelligence in healthcare. Not only there were many advantages of using AI such as preforming
surgeries and assist human with excellence calculations but also there were disadvantages to
using them regarding social and security issues. Starting from having information available to
health workers to the machines lacking humanitarian connection. It is hard to pin point a specific
issue dealing with AI as well as picking a one advantage from the many advantages of these
interventions.
The findings of this research showed the unlikelihood of AI replacing human role in
hospitals and health clinics, even though it brought an extraordinary development after it was
adopted in healthcare facilities. People seems to depend heavily on computers daily to perfume
even the simplest task, for Artificial intelligent robots, I personally believed it is impossible for it
to communicate emotionally with humans. It wasn’t weird to socially engage with humans or
sympathies with them, and thus it never replaces human position in health care.
Will Artificial Intelligence replace doctors in healthcare? | 6
References
Ahmed, A. (2002). Replacing humans with machines. Best's Review, 102(11), 94. Retrieved
from https://search-proquest-com.mutex.gmu.edu/docview/205489217?accountid=14541
The resource talks about the use of Artificial intelligent machines in insurance companies. They
rely on Artificial intelligent machines to eliminate fraud. They also use computers to manage
legislations and compare between claims. However, the excessive use of AI computers had
raised concerns for employees. Due to companies heavily dependence on AI, some believe
Brubaker, K. (2018). Artificial intelligence: Issues of consumer privacy, industry risks, and ethic
al concerns (Order No. 10812829). Available from ProQuest Dissertations & Theses Globa
967424?accountid=14541
Dingfelder. S., (2019). Is that a robot? Dr. Bear Bot helps care for kids at local hospital. Retrie
helps-care-kids-local-hospital/?utm_term=.90f3135b68a4
The resource is an article published in the Washington post website. It talks about how AI in
involved in healthcare and explains more about some of its functions. For example, AI robot’s
role is discussed in the article as messengers. They are assisting nurses and patients such as
delivering information from and to nurses. Robot not only carry information to patients, but also
https://www.ehidc.org/sites/default/files/resources/files/Artificial%20Intelligence%20in%20
Healthcare%2FINAL%20Nov%202018.pdf
The reference talks about artificial intelligence and how it is incorporated in todays modern life.
It discusses a little bit the topic from a historical point of view. It goes through when the term
‘artificial intelligence’ was first used and how it was created. Then, the journal moves on to how
was it created and what where the purpose of creating robots. The source was really useful for
this paper due to it justifies the function of AI machines. It also clearly motions how it will not
Goldhahn, J., Rampton, V., & Spinas, G. A. (2018). Could artificial intelligence make doctors
doi:http://dx.doi.org.mutex.gmu.edu/10.1136/bmj .k4563
The reference talks about both sides of using artificial intelligent machines in healthcare.
However, although there were many proven advantages of artificial intelligent robots, the article
stresses out the importance of doctors in health facilities. For example, some of the importance
that won’t be possible for an artificial intelligent machine to function is the emotional connection
Lord, R., (2018). What AI can (and can’t) do for healthcare security and privacy. Retrieved from
https://post-healthcare.com/what-ai-can-and-cant-do-for-healthcare-security-and-
privacy6f57173fdd9c
the reference is mainly about the abilities and what can a robot do and don’t do. The author of
the article explains why he believes robots sometimes might be unbeneficial in some situations
Will Artificial Intelligence replace doctors in healthcare? | 8
such as in security aspects. Although he believes they helped a lot with detecting unusual
activities, still they are some parts of the machine that needed to be developed to reach excellent
Maney, K. (2017, Jun 02). How artificial intelligence will cure america's sick health care system.
com.mutex.gmu.edu/docview/1903490456?accountid=14541
the reference explains some of the current use of artificial intelligent machines such as
computers. Computers have been used in healthcare to provide better diagnostic of health issues.
Also, it was designed to remove errors as much as possible while evaluating a patient sample. It
is more efficient than physician due to it cost less time and energy.
procedures/robotic-surgery/about/pac-20394974
The reference is a journal. It is talking specifically about Robotic surgery. When the technology
started, when was it used, how was it used and how modern medicine cope with it. The technique
itself is new to modern medicine and it is not used for every patient, yet, some physicians prefer
to use robotic surgeries over regular surgeries for many reasons such as reducing amount of
Radhakrishna, K., Bowles, K., & Zettek-Sumner, A. (2013). Contributors to frequent telehealth
alerts including false alerts for patients with heart failure: A mixed methods exploration. A
http://dx.doi.org.mutex.gmu.edu/10.4338/ACI-2013-06-RA-0039
Will Artificial Intelligence replace doctors in healthcare? | 9
Siwicki. B., (2017). Artificial intelligence is giving healthcare cybersecurity programs a boost.
healthcare-cybersecurity-programs-boost
intelligence in IT. In the article, it mainly focusses on how computers were developed to detect
unusual activities in computers. Also, how it provides healthcare with a strong protection to its
cybersecurity programs especially that cybersecurity programs are targeted, and hacking has
https://courses.cs.washington.edu/courses/csep590/06au/projects/history-ai.pdf
The reference is scientific journal. It is talking about artificial intelligent and the history behind
the innovation. The journal explains furthermore general introduction, highlighting some of the
issues that were followed up with using artificial intelligent robots and computers. Additionally,
it reaches to other usage of the technology such as using computer for games like playing chess.
Finally, it discusses the capability of the robots to ‘think’ logically, and if it was able to better