SOLUTIONS - NUCLEIC ACIDS Nucleic acids are polymers of nucleotides. Hence (2) is correct choice. 15. ‘Option (2) and (3) form H-bands across the two chains of the helix Hence (4) is correct choice. 2. Nitrogenous bases that are present in necleotides are derivatives of two hetero cyclic | 16. Allthe three options are wrongly matched sets ‘compounds, namely pyrimidine and purine. of bases. Hence (1) is correct choice Hence (4) is corréet choice: 3. In RNA nucleotides, sugar units present are | 17. All the given three Statements are correct. Done .__ Hence (4) is correct choice Hence, {Bhp orect chee 18. The RNA molecules are much larger than the 4. Innucleie acids, base, sugar‘and phosphates DNA molecules is the wrong statement. oe Hence (4) is correct choice. BER Ein one 19. The vector for genetic code is called transfer | I RNA. “ sugar -O-P-O An : Hence (2) is correct choice. oO 20,, Ribose do not contains ONA is the correct Hence (4) is correct choice. statement. 6. Adenine, guanine and cytosine are the Hence (1) is correct choice. ‘common bases: present /in'RNA/aind DNA. 21. Tyrosine is not an essential amino acid for Hence (1) is correct choice. man. 6 2-deoxy-f-D-ribofuranose is present in DNA Atenceri') i arrest. chole, notes 22. A nucleotide is made up of A sugar, a base ‘and a phosphoric acid unit Hence (3) is correct choice. Hence (4) is correct choice. (1) is correct choice. 23. DNA has 2-deoxyribose, base and phosphoric All the given three statements are correct. eck Hence (4) is correct choice: Hence (3) is correct choice. 98. Backbone of RNA is linear chain consisting of | 24, |, similar to the relation between nucleotides the alternating units of D-ribose and a see miainieciia, phosphate. ; # Hence (1) is correct choice. Hence (1) is, correct choice. 25. Thyroxine is not present in nucleotides. 10. Common feature in nucleus, chloro plast and mitochondria is DNA. Hence (2) is correct choice. Hence (1) is correct choice. 11, DNA template sequence of CTGATAGC is transcribed over m-RNA is GACUAUCG, Hence (2) is correct choice. 12. Nucleotide pairs present in one turn of DNA helix is 10. Hence (2) is correct choice. 13. (4) is correct choice, 14, All the given three statements are correct. Hence (4) is correct choice. EANCET CHEMISTRY VOL- Boa] 71. BIOMOLECULESLipips Naturally occuring organic compounds that are insoluble in water but can be extracted from cells and tissues by nonpolar organic solvents are called (1) proteins (2) carbohydrates (8) vitamins (4) lipids, Which of the’ following types of compounds may be considered a8/lipids? (1) Esters of long-chain fatty acids and long: chain alcohols e (2) Triesters of glycerol and long chain fatty acids (3) Polymers of aldehydes (4) Both (1) and (2) A fat isa (1) polyhadric alcohol (2) monoester of a long-chain fatty acid and a long-chain alcohol. (8) triester of glycerol and a long-chain fatty acid, and is a solid at room temperature (4) triester of glycerol and a long-chain fatty acid, and is a liquid at room temperature. Which of the following statements about fats and oils is not correct? (1) The three fatty acid parts of most naturally ‘occurring fats and oils are not the same, 2 parts of almost all naturally occurring fats are unbranched and contain an even number of carbon atoms. (8) The fatty acid parts of triglycerides may be saturated or may contain double bonds. (4) Triglycerides of unsaturated fatty acids have higher melting points than those of their saturated counterparts, Which of the following statements is correct about oils and fats? (1) Vegetable oils have lower meiting points than animal fats because the former have ‘a higher proportion of unsaturated fatty acids than the latter. (2) Saturated fats are solids because their fatty acid portions have a zigzag chain that allows them to pack together efficiency in a crystal lattice. (8) Unsaturated fats contain one or snore double bonds in their fatty acid portions which usually have cis-configurations and this lowers their melting point as they introduce bends and kinks into the hydrocarbon chains making crystal formation more difficult 10. 1. (4) All are correct Oils, compared to, fats, cont proportions of (1) saturated fatty acids in their giycerides (2) unsaturated fatty acids in their glycerides (8) free fatty acids (4) glycerols The. saponification value of a fet is usually expressed as (1) the number of grams of KOH required to ‘saponify one gram of the fat. (2). the number of milligrams of KOH-required to saponify one gram of the fat (@) the number of grams of KOH required to saponify one mole of the fat (4) the number of moles of KOH required to saponify one mole of the fat Rancidity of fats occurs due to (1) attack, of atmospheric oxygen at the reactive allylic positions of fats, forming bad-smelling acids and aldehydes. (2) "slow hydrolysis of fats by moisture or by. microorganisms, forming bad-smelling acids. (8), oxidation of double bond of unsaturated fatty acid portions of fats by atomospheric. ‘oxygen, forming bad-smelling aldehydes or acids (4) all of these Chemically, soap is (1) sodium ‘salt of glycero! + (2) amixture of sodium or potassium salts of long-chain fatty acids (containing 12-18 carbon atoms) 18) a mixture of aluminium salts of long-chain fatty acids, (4) a mxiture of magnesium salts of fatty acids. Lipids are (1) Long chain fatty acid esters {2) Long chain sulphonic acid esters {(3) polymeric hydrocarbons (4) polymeric aldehydes Fats and oils are formed from (1) Glycerol and long chain unsaturated acids only. (2) Glycerol and long chain saturated acids only. (3) Glycerol and long chain saturated and unsaturated acids. (4) Ethylene glycol and long chain saturated and censaturated acids. ‘BIOMOLECULES Bory EANGET CHEMISTRY VOL12. 13. 14. 16. 16. 17. 18. Drying oil are so called because they : (1) are volatile and so evaporate rapidly (2) are hygroscopic and so absorb moisture from the surroundings. (8) are easily hydrolysed by atmospheric moisture to give solid products. (4) are highly unsaturated and so undergo atmospheric oxidation to yield resinous residence and becomes hard solid Triglycerides which make up natural oils and fats can be broken down to glycerol and fatty acids using (1) Diatase (2) Lipase (3) Trypsin (4) Pepsin For preparing hard and soft soaps, fats or oils are heated respectively with aqueous. (1) Na,CO, and K,CO, (2) NaOH and KOH (3) K,CO, and Na,Co, (4) KOH and NaOH Soap acts as a cleansing agent because (1) it forms lather with water (2) its aqueous solution is alkaline and hydrolyzes the oily dir. {@) its sodium ion forms a complex with oily dirt and makes it water soluble. (4) ts nonpolar hydrophobic hydrocarbon part draws out oily dirt and emulsify it as micelles while its polar hydrophilic carboxylate part assist the micelles to be rinsed away with water. Solid cooking fats such as margarine and vanaspati are made by hardening vegetable oils like peanut, cottonseed ahd soya bean oils. This hardening of oil is done (1) under pressure (2) by hydrolyzing the oil with aqueous NaOH (3) by hydrogenating the oil with H, in Presence of nickel catalyst. (4) by hydrogenating the oil with H, in Presence of copper chromite catalyst. Which of the following statements is correct? (1) A hydrogenated fet becomes rancid much less readily than does a nonhydrogenated fat. (2) Heart patients are advised not to use solid hydrogenated fats in their food preparations (8) Butyric acid is so named because it is found in rancid butter. (4) All are correct The calorific values of fats, carbohydrates and proteins decrease in the order (1) fats > carbohydrates > proteins (2) fats > proteins > carbohydrates 19. 21 22, 23. (8) carbohydrates > proteins > fats (4) proteins > carbohydrates > fats Which of the following is the least biodegradable detergent? (a) SO3Na* (2) CH/CH,), CH,SO-Net (8) CH(CH,), CH,0S0,Nar (4) HICH), ie" Spon) CH,CH,), Which of the following is @ nonionic detergent? (1) CH,(CH,), CH,SO,Na (2) CH,(CH,), CH,OSO,Na (3), CH,(CH,),, Sseyie(S) CH CHYCH,), (4) CH, CH,),CH (OCH,CH),0H Lecithin is a (1) Carbohydrate. (2) Phospholipid (3) Nucleic acid (4) Protein Consider the following reaction sequence. RACH CH, BES RCH 0804s S24 R-CH-080 Ne (R=C,,H,) ‘The end product would be useful as (1) a soap: (2) a fertilizer (3) 2 detergent (4) an explosive Linoleic acid has the following structure. Its IUPAC name is (1) 9,12 - octadecenoic acid (2) 9,12 - octadecadienoic acid (3) 9E, 12E-octadecadienoic acid (4) 92, 122-octadecadiencic aci Drying oils are so called because they (1) allow quick drying of paints by rapid ‘evaporation of the sovlent oil (2) are easily hydrolyzed by atmospheric moisture and leave a solid coating on the painting surface EANCET CHEMISTRY VOLT 7, BIOMOLECULES