TRANSFORMACIONES COEFICIENTES DE DESEMPEÑO PROPIEDADES DE SUSTANCIAS PURAS

𝑅 = °𝐹 + 460 𝐶𝑂𝑃𝑅 =
𝑄𝐿
=
1 ℎ = ℎ𝑙 + 𝑥ℎ𝑓𝑔 (ℎ̂, 𝑢̂, 𝑠̂ )
𝑊𝑁𝐸𝑇𝑂 (𝑄𝐻 /𝑄𝐿)−1
°𝐹 = 1,8°𝐶 + 32 𝑚𝑣
𝑄𝐻 1 𝑥=𝑚
𝐶𝑂𝑃𝐻𝑃 = = 𝑣 +𝑚𝑙
𝑊𝑁𝐸𝑇𝑂 1 − (𝑄𝐿 /𝑄𝐻)
1𝐵𝑇𝑈 = 5,40395 𝑓𝑡 3 ∗ 𝑝𝑠𝑖𝑎
𝐶𝑂𝑃𝐻𝑃 = 1 + 𝐶𝑂𝑃𝑅 EFICIENCIAS ISOENTROPICAS
BALANCES DE ENERGÍA 𝐸𝐸𝑅 = 3.1412𝐶𝑂𝑃𝑟 𝑊𝑟𝑒𝑎𝑙 ℎ1 − ℎ2𝑎
𝑛𝑙𝑙(𝑇𝑈𝑅𝐵𝐼𝑁𝐴) = =
𝑊𝑖𝑑𝑒𝑎𝑙 (𝐼𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑟𝑜𝑝𝑖𝑐𝑜) ℎ1 − ℎ2𝑥
(𝑐𝑒𝑟𝑟𝑎𝑑𝑜) ∆𝑈 = 𝑊 − 𝑄
ENTROPÍA 𝑊𝑖𝑑𝑒𝑎𝑙
(𝑎𝑏𝑖𝑒𝑟𝑡𝑜) ∆𝐻 = 𝑊 − 𝑄 𝑛𝑙𝑙(𝐶𝑂𝑀𝑃𝑅𝐸𝑆𝑂𝑅) =
𝜕𝑄 𝑊𝑟𝑒𝑎𝑙
𝐶𝑝 = 𝐶𝑣 + 𝑅 ∆𝑆 = ∫
𝑇 𝑛𝑡é𝑟
FORMULAS DE CARNOT 𝑛𝑙𝑙 =
𝑛𝑡é𝑟,𝑟𝑒𝑣
∆𝑆 + ∆𝑆𝑔𝑒𝑛 = ∆𝑆𝑠𝑖𝑠
1-2; 3-4 (isotérmico)
𝑋𝑟𝑒𝑐𝑢𝑝𝑒𝑟𝑎𝑑𝑜 𝑋𝑑𝑒𝑠𝑡𝑟𝑢𝑖𝑑𝑎
G(cerrado) 𝑑𝑢 = 𝑇𝑑𝑠 − 𝑃𝑑𝑣 𝑛𝑙𝑙 = =1−
𝑉2 𝑃1 𝑋𝑠𝑢𝑚𝑖𝑛𝑖𝑠𝑡𝑟𝑎𝑑𝑜 𝑋𝑠𝑢𝑚𝑖𝑠𝑡𝑟𝑎𝑑𝑜
𝑊 = 𝑃1 𝑉1 𝑙𝑛 ( ) = 𝑅𝑇𝑙𝑛 ( ) G(abierto) 𝑑ℎ = 𝑇𝑑𝑠 + 𝑣𝑑𝑃
𝑉1 𝑃2
𝐼𝑡𝑢𝑟𝑏𝑖𝑛𝑎 = 𝑊𝑖𝑑𝑒𝑎𝑙 − 𝑊𝑟𝑒𝑎𝑙
2-3; 4-1 (adiabático) Líquidos, sólidos
𝑇2 𝐼𝑐𝑜𝑚𝑝𝑟𝑒𝑠𝑜𝑟 = 𝑊𝑟𝑒𝑎𝑙 − 𝑊𝑖𝑑𝑒𝑎𝑙
𝑅(𝑇2 − 𝑇1 ) 𝑃1 𝑉1 − 𝑃2 𝑉2 ∆𝑆(𝑠,𝑙) = 𝐶𝑝𝑝𝑟𝑜𝑚 ln
𝑊= = 𝑇1
∝ −1 ∝ −1
Gases ideales EXERGIA
𝑇2 𝑉2
(cerrado) ∆𝑆(𝑔) = 𝐶𝑣 ln + 𝑅 𝑙𝑛 𝑊𝑎𝑙𝑟𝑒𝑑 = 𝑃(∆𝑉)
𝑇1 𝑉1
RELACIONES ISENTROPICAS
(Cp=cte)Isentropicos gas ideal 𝑇2 𝑃2 𝑊𝑢𝑡𝑖𝑙 = 𝑊𝑟𝑒𝑎𝑙 − 𝑊𝑎𝑙𝑟𝑑
(abierto) ∆𝑆(𝑔) = 𝐶𝑝𝑙𝑛 − 𝑅𝑙𝑛
𝑇1 𝑃1
𝑇𝐹𝐼𝑁𝐴𝐿 𝑉𝐼𝑁𝐼𝐶𝐼𝐴𝐿 (𝛼−1) 𝐼 = 𝑇0 𝑆𝑔𝑒𝑛 = 𝑊𝑟𝑒𝑣(𝑠𝑎𝑙) − 𝑊𝑈𝑡𝑖𝑙(𝑠𝑎𝑙)
( )=( ) ; Cp variable
𝑇𝐼𝑁𝐼𝐶𝐼𝐴𝐿 𝑉𝐹𝐼𝑁𝐴𝐿 𝐼 = 𝑊𝑢𝑡𝑖𝑙 (𝑒𝑛𝑡) − 𝑊𝑟𝑒𝑣(𝑒𝑛𝑡)
𝑇
𝛼−1 𝑑𝑇
𝑇𝑓 𝑃𝑓 𝛼 𝑆2 0 − 𝑆1 0 = ∫ 𝐶𝑝(𝑇) 𝑊𝑇𝑂𝑇𝐴𝐿,𝑈𝑇𝐼𝐿 = (𝑈 − 𝑈0 ) + 𝑃0 (𝑉 − 𝑉0 )
( )=( ) ; 𝑇 − 𝑇0 (𝑆 − 𝑆0 )
𝑇𝑖 𝑃𝑖 0

𝑃𝑓 𝑉𝑖
∝
∆𝑆 = 𝑆2 0 − 𝑆1 0 − 𝑅 𝑙𝑛
𝑃2 𝜑𝑐𝑒𝑟𝑟𝑎𝑑𝑜 = ∆𝑈 + 𝑃0 (∆𝑉) − 𝑇0 (∆𝑆)
( )=( ) 𝑃1 + 𝑚𝐸𝐾 + 𝑚𝑔ℎ
𝑃𝑖 𝑉𝑓
Isentropicos CP=variable 𝜑𝑎𝑏𝑖𝑒𝑟𝑡𝑜 = ∆𝐻 − 𝑇0 (∆𝑆) + 𝑚𝐸𝑘 + 𝑚𝑔ℎ
EFICIENCIAS 𝑃2
𝑆2 0 = 𝑆1 0 + 𝑅 𝑙𝑛 𝑇𝑜
𝑃1 𝑋̇𝑐𝑎𝑙𝑜𝑟 = (1 − ) ∗ 𝑄̇
𝑇
Carnot
𝑋̇𝑡𝑟𝑎𝑏𝑎𝑗𝑜 = 𝑊𝑢𝑡𝑖𝑙
̇
𝑊𝑁𝐸𝑇𝑂 𝑇𝐿 𝑃2 𝑃𝑟2
𝜂 𝑇𝐻 = =1− ( ) =( ) ̇
𝑄𝐻 𝑇𝐻 𝑃1 𝑆=𝐶𝑇𝐸 𝑃𝑟1 𝑋sin 𝑝𝑒𝑟𝑑𝑖𝑑𝑎𝑠 = 𝑇𝑜 ∆𝑆

𝑊𝑁𝐸𝑇𝑂 = 𝑄𝐻 − 𝑄𝐿 𝑉2 𝑉𝑟2 ̇
𝑋𝑐𝑜𝑛 𝑝𝑒𝑟𝑑𝑖𝑑𝑎𝑠 = 𝑇𝑜 (𝑆2 − 𝑆1 + 𝑆𝑔𝑒𝑛 )
( ) =( )
𝑛 𝑊𝑅𝐸𝐴𝐿
𝑉1 𝑆=𝐶𝑇𝐸 𝑉𝑟1
𝐼𝐼 𝑡𝑢𝑟𝑏=
𝑊𝐼𝐷𝐸𝐴𝐿.

𝑛 𝑊𝑟𝑒𝑣 Min de trabajo del compresor

𝐼𝐼 𝑏𝑜𝑚𝑏𝑎=
𝑊𝑢𝑡𝑖𝑙 Compresion etapas multiples 2W
𝑘𝑅𝑇1 𝑃2 𝑘−1 𝑛𝑅𝑇1 𝑃𝑥 𝑛−1
𝑆0𝑊𝑐𝑜𝑝,𝑒𝑛𝑡 = [( ) 𝑘
𝑘−1 𝑃1
− 1] 𝑊𝑐𝑜𝑝,𝑒𝑛𝑡 = [( ) 𝑛 − 1]
𝑛 − 1 𝑃1
1
( ) 𝑃𝑥 𝑃2 𝑛𝑅𝑇1 𝑃2 𝑛−1
𝑃𝑥= (𝑃1 𝑃2 )2 𝑜 = + [( ) 𝑛 − 1]
𝑃1 𝑃𝑥 𝑛 − 1 𝑃𝑥