Nihon no OKashi – WaGashi

日本の お菓子 － 和菓子

Japanese sweets

Nihon ni wa iroiro na o-kashi ga arimasu ga,

ookiku wakeru to, "Wa-Gashi" to "Yoo-Gashi" no 2-shurui desu.

WaGashi wa Nihon no okashi, YooGashi wa Seiyoo no okashi

desu.

Dochiramo ninki ga arimasu ga,

kodomo wa WaGashi yori, YooGashi no hoo ga suki mitai desu.

Daihyoo-teki na WaGashi wa "O-Senbei", "O-Manjuu", "O-Dango"

desu.

OSenbei wa okome no kona o yaita mono de, totemo katai desu.

OManjuu wa naka ni amai "Anko" ga haitte imasu.
ODango no genryoo wa "Mochi-Gome" toiu shurui no okome desu.

OSenbei wa amakunai desu ga, OManjuu to ODango wa amai

desu.
Okashi ni yotte, au nomi-mono ga chigaimasu.

YooGashi ni wa koohii ya koocha ga aimasu.

WaGashi ni wa shibui ocha ga aimasu.

Nihon-jin wa shibui ocha o nomi-nagara, amai OManjuu o taberu

no ga dai-suki desu.

日本には いろいろな お菓子が ありますが、

大きく 分けると、「和菓子」と「洋菓子」の ２種類です。

和菓子は 日本の お菓子、洋菓子は 西洋の お菓子です。

どちらも 人気が ありますが、

子供は 和菓子より、洋菓子の 方が 好き みたいです。

代表的な 和菓子は「おせんべい」、「おまんじゅう」、「おだん
ご」です。

おせんべいは お米の 粉を 焼いた 物で、とても 硬いです。

おまんじゅうは 中に 甘い「あんこ」が 入って います。
おだんごの 原料は「もち米」という 種類の お米です。
 おせんべいは 甘くないですが、おまんじゅうと おだんごは 甘い
です。

お菓子に よって、合う 飲み物が 違います。

洋菓子には コーヒーや 紅茶が 合います。

和菓子には 渋い お茶が 合います。

日本人は 渋い お茶を 飲みながら、甘い おまんじゅうを 食べる

のが 大好きです。

Practice Each Sentence

1. Nihon ni wa iroiro na o-kashi ga arimasu ga,

ookiku wakeru to, "Wa-Gashi" to "Yoo-Gashi" no 2-shurui desu.
iroiro [na] various, many
o-kashi / kashi confectionery, sweets, candy, cookie, biscuit, snack , o- a
prefix, making a polite word or phrase
arimasu to exist, be at, there is, have, -ga a conjunction meaning "but"
ookiku ku form of ookii; roughly, wakeru root form of wakemasu; divide,
separate, seversplit, classify, -to when, if
wa-gashi Japanese confectionery, Japanese sweets, wa- Japanese style,
Japanese (something)
yoo-gashi Western confectionery, sweets, sei-yoo Western (countries)
shurui kind, type

2. WaGashi wa Nihon no okashi, YooGashi wa Seiyoo no okashi

desu.
o-kashi / kashi confectionery, sweets, candy, cookie, biscuit, snack
wa-gashi Japanese confectionery, Japanese sweets
yoo-gashi Western confectionery, sweets
3. Dochiramo ninki ga arimasu ga,
kodomo wa WaGashi yori, YooGashi no hoo ga suki mitai desu.
dochiramo both, ninki ga arimasu be popular, be a favorite,
ninki popularity, -ga a conjunction meaning "but"
kodomo child, children, [A] yori, [B] no hoo ga comparative pattern; B is
more/less than A
suki [na] like, prefer, -mitai desu it seems, it looks

4. Daihyoo-teki na WaGashi wa "O-Senbei", "O-Manjuu", "O-

Dango" desu.
daihyoo-teki [na] representative, well-known, typical
o-senbei / senbei rice cracker
o-manjuu / manjuu Japanese-style bun stuffed with adzuki-bean paste
o-dango / dango Japanese sweets dumpling ball
o- a prefix, making a polite word or phrase

5. OSenbei wa okome no kona o yaita mono de, totemo katai desu.

osenbei rice cracker, o-kome / kome (uncooked) rice, kona powder, flour,
meal
yaita ta form of yakimasu; grill, broil, roast, bake, toast
mono thing, -de a conjunction "and"
totemo very, katai hard, solid, tough

6. OManjuu wa naka ni amai "Anko" ga haitte imasu.

omanjuu Japanese-style bun stuffed with adzuki-bean paste
naka in, inside, amai sweet, sugary, anko bean jam, bean-paste
haitte imasu to be in, be included, be contained, have
haitte te form of hairimasu; be in, go in, enter, -te imasu expressing
progressive or state

7. ODango no genryoo wa "Mochi-Gome" toiu shurui no okome

desu.
odango Japanese sweets dumpling ball, genryoo raw materials, ingredient
mochi-gome glutinous rice, sticky rice, -toiu quotation marker; that, "..."
shurui kind, type, okome (uncooked) rice
8. OSenbei wa amakunai desu ga, OManjuu to ODango wa amai
desu.
osenbei rice cracker
omanjuu Japanese-style bun stuffed with adzuki-bean paste
odango Japanese sweets dumpling ball
amai sweet, sugary, amakunai nai form of amai, -ga a conjunction meaning
"but"

9. Okashi ni yotte, au nomi-mono ga chigaimasu.

okashi confectionery, sweets, candy, snack
-ni yotte chigaimasu be different depending on, differ depending on, it
depends on
-ni yotte according to, depending on, chigaimasu to be wrong / be different
au root form of aimasu; match, fit, meet, nomi-mono drink, beverage

10. YooGashi ni wa koohii ya koocha ga aimasu.

yoogashi Western confectionery, sweets, -ni for, to
koohii coffee, koocha (black) tea, -ya A, B, etc., such as
aimasu to match, fit, meet

11. WaGashi ni wa shibui ocha ga aimasu.

wagashi Japanese confectionery, Japanese sweets
shibui bitter, ocha (Japanese green) tea
aimasu to match, fit, meet

12. Nihon-jin wa shibui ocha o nomi-nagara, amai OManjuu o

taberu no ga dai-suki desu.
Nihon-jin Japanese (person), shibui bitter, ocha (Japanese green) tea
nomimasu to drink, -nagara (stem +) while doing, as doing
amai sweet, sugary, omanjuu Japanese-style bun stuffed with adzuki-bean
paste
taberu root form of tabemasu; eat, -no forming a noun phrase; to do, doing,
that ...
dai-suki like very much, dai- big, large, great, suki [na] like, prefer
Practice the following sentences

A.ookiku wakeru to, .... shurui

ookiku is the ku-form of ookii and means "widely" or "roughly".
wakeru means "to divide" or "to classify".
-to is a conditional pattern meaning "when" or "if".
This pattern literally means "If you roughly divide them, ..." and can be translated as
"It can be roughly divided into ... types".

1. Nihon no okashi ni wa iroiro na shurui ga arimasu.

(Nihon no okashi o) Ookiku wakeru to, Wagashi to Yoogashi no 2-
shurui desu.
okashi confectionery, sweets, candy, cookie, biscuit, snack
iroiro [na] various, many, shurui kind, type
Wagashi Japanese confectionery, Japanese sweets
Yoogashi Western confectionery, sweets

2. Wain ni wa iroiro na shurui ga arimasu.

(Wain o) Ookiku wakeru to, Aka-wain to Shiro-wain no 2-shurui desu.
wain wine, aka red, shiro white

3. Sushi ni wa iroiro na shurui ga arimasu.

Ookiku wakeru to, Nigiri-zushi to Makimono (no 2-shurui) desu.

Sushi Sushi, Nigiri-zushi hand-formed Sushi, Maki-mono Sushi roll

See the "Intermediate 305 : Nihon Ryoori - Sushi" for more types.

4. Basu ni wa ikutsuka no shurui ga arimasu.

Ookiku wakeru to, Rosen-basu to Kankoo-basu desu.
basu bus, ikutsuka no some, several
rosen-basu bus on a regular route, route bus
kankoo-basu sightseeing bus, tour bus, kankoo [sv] tourism, sightseeing

B.[ A ] ni [ B ] ga aimasu
There are two verbs aimasu / au.
1. 会います／会う "to meet a person"
 2. 合います／合う "to match", "fit", "meet (one's need)" or "go well with"
Here, [A] ni [B] ga aimasu is the second meaning.

1. Yoogashi ni wa koohii ga aimasu.

Yoogashi Western confectionery, sweets, koohii coffee

2. Wagashi ni wa ocha ga aimasu.

Wagashi Japanese confectionery, Japanese sweets, ocha Japanese green
tea

3. Niku ryoori ni wa aka-wain, Sakana ryoori ni wa shiro-wain ga aimasu.

niku meat, sakana fish, ryoori cooking, food, dish, cuisine
aka red, shiro white, wain wine

4. Jiipan ni Bijinesu-shuuzu wa aimasen.

jiipan / jiinzu jeans, bijinesu-shuuzu business shoes
Both words jiipan and jiinzu are commonly used in daily conversation.

5. "Suutsu ni Suniikaa wa awanai" ... Kore wa mukashi no hanashi.

Ima, takusan no kaisha-in ga suutsu o kite, suniikaa o haite imasu.
suutsu (business) suit, -ni for, to, suniikaa sneakers, awanai nai form
of aimasu
mukashi past, old times, former, hanashi a talk, topic, story
ima present, current, now, takusan many, a lot of, kaisha-in employee,
staff, worker
kite imasu one wears, one is wearing, haite imasu wear (shoes, pants,
skirt)
kite te form of kimasu; wear, put (clothes) on, haite te form of hakimasu; wear,
put on (shoes, pants, skirt, socks)
-te imasu expressing progressive or state

Quizzes

A. Vocabulary
a.wagashi b.iroiro c.shurui d.okashi e.yoogashi
 confectionery, sweets, candy, cookie, biscuit,
1.
snack

2. Japanese confectionery, Japanese sweets

3. Western confectionery, sweets

4. kind, type

5. [na] various, many

B. Choose the appropriate word.

1. Yoogashi wa no okashi desu.

Taiheiyoo Tooyoo Seiyoo

2. wa naka ni amai Anko ga haitte imasu.

ODango OSenbei Omanjuu

3. Wagashi ni wa ocha ga aimasu

shibui amai karai

4. OSenbei wa okome no kona o mono desu.

yaite yaita yaku

Seiyoo Western, Tooyoo Orient, Taiheiyoo the Pacific Ocean

amai sweet, sugary, anko bean jam, bean-paste, haitte imasu to be in, be
included
shibui bitter, amai sweet, sugary, karai hot (taste), spicy, ocha Japanese
 green tea
okome (uncooked) rice, kona powder, flour, meal, yaku root form
of yakimasu; grill, broil, roast, bake, toast
yaita ta form of yakimasu, yaite te form of yakimasu, mono thing
Osenbei rice cracker
Omanjuu Japanese-style bun stuffed with adzuki-bean paste
ODango Japanese sweets dumpling ball

C. Complete the following sentences.

1. Omanjuu no naka ni amai Anko ga .

hairimasu arimasu haitte imasu

2. Osenbei wa okome no kona o yaita mono , katai desu.

to de wa

3. Okashi , au nomi-mono ga chigaimasu.

wa yotte ni yotte de yotte

4. Nihon-jin wa shibui ocha o , amai Omanjuu o tabemasu.

nonde nagara nomu nagara nomi nagara

5. Amai Omanjuu o ga dai-suki desu.

taberu taberu wa taberu no

-no naka in, inside, amai sweet, sugary, anko bean jam, bean-paste
haitte imasu to be in, be included, be contained, have, hairimasu to go in,
enter
okome (uncooked) rice, kona powder, flour, meal, yaita ta form
of yakimasu; grill, broil, roast, bake, toast
mono thing, -de a conjunction "and", katai hard, solid, tough
-ni yotte chigaimasu be different depending on, differ depending on, it
depends on
 -ni yotte according to, depending on, chigaimasu to be wrong / be different
au root form of aimasu; match, fit, meet, nomi-mono drink, beverage
shibui bitter, ocha Japanese green tea
nomimasu to drink, -nagara (stem +) while doing, as doing
taberu root form of tabemasu; eat, -no forming a noun phrase; to do, doing,
that ..., dai-suki like very much

Practice the following words

1. o-kashi / kashi 20. yakimasuto grill, broil, roast,
confectionery, sweets, cake, bake, toast
candy, snack 21. monothing
2. wa-gashi
22. totemovery
Japanese confectionery,
Japanese sweets
23. kataihard, solid, tough
3. yoo-gashiWestern
confectionery, sweets 24. nakain, inside
4. seiyooWestern
25. amaisweet, sugary
5. o-senbei / senbeirice cracker
26. ankobean jam, bean-paste
6. o-manjuu / manjuu
Japanese-style bun stuffed with
27. haitte imasuto be in, be
adzuki-bean paste included, be contained
28. hairimasuto go in, enter
7. o-dango / dangoJapanese
sweets dumpling ball
29. genryooraw materials,
8. iroiro[na] various ingredient
30. nomi-monodrink, beverage
9. shuruikind, type
31. nomimasuto drink
10. ookikuwidely /roughly, in a big
way
32. chigaimasuto be wrong / be
11. wakemasuto divide, separate, different
split, classify
33. koohiicoffee
12. dochiramoboth
34. koocha(black) tea
13. ninkipopularity, be popular
 14. kodomochild, children 35. shibuibitter

15. suki[na] like, prefer 36. ochaJapanese green tea

16. dai-sukilike very much 37. aimasuto match, fit, meet

17. daihyoo-teki 38. tabemasuto eat

[na] representative, well-known,
typical

18. okome / kome(uncooked) rice

19. konapowder, flour, meal

Practice the following words

1. wainwine 8. suutsu(business) suit

2. aka-wainred wine 9. suniikaasneakers

3. shiro-wainwhite wine 10. jiinzujeans

4. nigiri-zushihand-formed Sushi 11. jiipanjeans

5. makimonoSushi roll 12. kimasuto wear, put (clothes) on

6. rosen-basubus on a regular 13. hakimasuto put on, wear

route, route bus (shoes, pants, skirt)
7. kankoo-basusightseeing bus,
tour bus

Practice the following words

1. お菓子／菓子 20. 焼きます to grill, broil,
confectionery, sweets, cake, roast, bake, toast
candy, snack 21. もの／物 thing
2. 和菓子
22. とても very
 Japanese confectionery, 23. 硬い hard, solid, tough
Japanese sweets
24. 中 in, inside
3. 洋菓子 Western confectionery,
sweets
25. 甘い sweet, sugary
4. 西洋 Western
26. あんこ bean jam, bean-
5. おせんべい／せんべい rice paste
cracker
27. 入って います to be in,
6. おまんじゅう／まんじゅ be included, be contained
う 28. 入ります to go in, enter
Japanese-style bun stuffed
with adzuki-bean paste 29. 原料 raw materials,
7. おだんご／だんご ingredient

Japanese sweets dumpling ball 30. 飲み物 drink, beverage

8. いろいろ[na] various
31. 飲みます to drink
9. 種類 kind, type
32. 違います to be wrong / be
10. 大きく widely /roughly, in a big different

way 33. コーヒーcoffee

11. 分けます to divide, separate,
split, classify
34. 紅茶(black) tea
12. どちらも both 35. 渋い bitter
13. 人気 popularity, be popular 36. お茶 Japanese green tea
14. 子供 child, children 37a. 合います to match, fit,
meet (one's need)
15. 好き[na] like, prefer
37b. 会います to meet a
16. 大好き like very much person
38. 食べます to eat
17. 代表的
[na] representative, well-
known, typical

18. お米／米(uncooked) rice

 19. 粉 powder, flour, meal

Practice the following words

1. ワイン wine 8. スーツ(business) suit

2. 赤ワイン red wine 9. スニーカーsneakers

3. 白ワイン white wine 10. ジーンズ jeans

4. にぎり寿司／握り寿司 11. ジーパン jeans

hand-formed Sushi
5. 巻き物／まき物 Sushi roll 12. 着ます to wear, put (clothes)
on
6. 路線バス bus on a regular 13. 履きます to put on, wear
route, route bus (shoes, pants, skirt)
7. 観光バス sightseeing bus, tour
bus

Functional patterns used in the sentences (Chapter numbers are from Building Up
Conversation)
ookiku wakeru to
root/nai form + -to:when, if
Level 2 Chapter 15
wagashi yori yoogashi no hoo ga suki
-yori, -no hoo ga:comparison - more than / less than
Level 1 Chapter 13
wagashi yori yoogashi no hoo ga suki mitai desu
mitai desu:It seems, it looks
Level 3 Chapter 4
okome no kona o yaita mono de / au nomi-mono ga chigaimasu
phrase + noun:Noun Modifier
Level 2 Chapter 13
amai omanjuu o taberu no ga dai-suki
-koto, -no:Noun Modifier; doing, to do, that
Level 2 Chapter 14
okashi ni yotte, au nomi-mono ga chigaimasu
-ni yotte chigaimasu:differ depending on, It depends on
 Common Expressions & Sentences patterns File No. 045a
shibui ocha o nomi-nagara
verb stem + -nagara:doing two actions at the same time; while doing, as
doing