A New Early Warning Method of Train Tracking Interval Based on CTC

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For railway operations worldwide, train rear-endcollision accidents occasionally occur, resulting in heavy
casualtiesand property loss. To avoid the occurrence of such incidents, anovel early warning method of
train tracking interval based oncentralized traffic control (CTC), or simply CTC interval prewarning,is
proposed. When combined with the existing automatictrain protection (ATP), the monitoring of train
tracking intervalis doubled. The proposed method calculates the minimum safetyinterval in real time and
compares it with the actual spatial distance.When the actual spatial distance is less than the minimum

safety interval, particularly when the ATP is at fault, the proposedmethod is capable of raising the alert
and taking control measuresto effectively avoid rear-end collision accidents. At the same time,this
method displaces the manual supervision of train operation,thereby relieving labor intensity, and
improves the effectivenessof supervision. This paper analyzes the necessity and feasibilityof the
proposed CTC interval prewarning method and explainsthe basic architecture of the system, data
acquisition, trackinginterval calculation, prewarning rules, and implementation. TheCTC tracking interval
calculation model has been established, andthe table of warning distance of the different train speeds
hasbeen calculated. The reliability model of the train control system(TCS) has been established based on
the CTC interval prewarningmethod, which is used to analyze the reliability and safety ofthe TCS.

Requirement Analysis

Hardware Requirement

Microcontroller, Ultrasonic Sensor, Metal Sensor, Buzzer, GPS, Zigbee, Motor Driver,Motor

Software Requirement

Embedded C Programming, Arduino IDE / Keil 3 Micro Vision

This piece of code reads the data of an ultrasonic sensor and sends to microcontroller, the
microcontroller reads the data and takes the corresponding action.
Void ultrasonic1()

pinMode(trigPin, OUTPUT);

digitalWrite(trigPin, LOW);

digitalWrite(trigPin, HIGH);

delayMicroseconds(10);

digitalWrite(trigPin, LOW);

pinMode(echoPin, INPUT);

duration = pulseIn(echoPin, HIGH);

cm = microsecondsToCentimeters(duration);

Serial.print(cm);

In the below code void loop() function, ESP8266 will check that if the data is arrived or not. If the data is
arrived then it will read this data and will show it on the serial monitor and also will move the cloud
according to this data.

void loop()

while(1)

Ultrasonicsesnor1();

delay(500);

ubiSave_value(String(variable_den), String(cm));

delay(sleep_time*10);
Serial.println();