ABSTRACT

Before the invention of weight lifting machine such as hydraulic jack, screw jack,
crane and others, the early man apply a crude way of lifting objects to great heights by using
ropes and rollers. After industrial revolution, with the advent of automobile, the automobile
industry faced with the problem of load lifting due to the backlines of some automobile parts.
In this project, we are going to analyse how hydraulic platform lift give human being
convenient in industrial field and in our daily life. Since there are so many type of hydraulic
platform lift, we have chosen hydraulic platform lift of car in our project. We are using
equilibrium of rigid body in 2D, distributed loading and simple truss as our method to analyse
our project. Calculation of the centroid of vehicle and the reaction of hydraulic platform lift
for different weight of vehicles was being recorded and tabulated. Conclusion has been made
that the increasing force which are equal to the weight of vehicle, the centroid will be more
approach to centre and the more compressive force will acts on the truss members.
INTRODUCTION

Hydraulic is the study of liquids and their mechanical properties. In engineering, one
application of hydraulics is using liquids, like water and oil, to move things. A force spread
out over an area, or a force divided by an area, is called pressure. Scissor lifting mechanism is
the first choice for automobiles at high altitude work. In the past the design of scissor lifting
mechanism at high altitude work has simplified the dynamic problem and treated it as static.
The kinetic reaction has been considered with live load coefficient.

Before the invention of weight lifting machine such as hydraulic jack, screw jack, crane and
others, the early man apply a crude way of lifting objects to great heights by using ropes and
rollers, which was used to raise mortar (cement, sand and water) and is most applied in the
construction industry. After industrial revolution, with the advent of automobile, the
automobile industry faced with the problem of load lifting due to the backlines of some
automobile parts. Because every machine is subjected to failure, maintenance is essential
parts in handling machine. From time to time, the need to improved and lasting maintenance
has increased in the automobile industry in an attempt to reduce cost because maintenance of
vehicle needs to be efficient and reliable.

In order to keep good quality of maintenance and to create good working conditions for the
workers, a convenient and easy way should be provided to identify and fix the problem of the
machine. This report presents the study of hydraulic platform lift.

In this project, the design of hydraulic platform lift is done for an average vehicle load and
limited lifting height. Selection of various components of the hydraulic system is also made
based on the system maximum pressure. The design in this report is based on some
specifications and assumptions. Moreover, the system can be redesigned for any required
applications and specifications.

Hydraulic platform lift are being widely used in the industrial field and in our daily
lift. For instant, car maintenance centre use hydraulic platform lift to lift up the vehicles to fix
the bottom part of the vehicles. People use hydraulic platform lift when install signboard
outside the shops or shopping complex and many other uses in other field. These lifts give
human nature much convenient as this will save many energy of the workers.
MATERIALS AND METHODS

Methods

For hydraulic platform lift, the topic we learned from statics to analyse in this
structure is Statics of Rigid Body and Analysis of Structures. The theory involve in the
calculation is equilibrium of rigid body in 2D, distributed loading and simple trusses.

For hydraulic platform lift, we can solve the force in 2D way instead of 3D. Therefore
Equilibrium of rigid body in 2D is applied in the structure. This 2D condition can be
represented by the three scalar equation.

∑ 𝐹𝑥 = 0 ∑𝐹𝑦 = 0 ∑𝑀𝑜 = 0

We are using this theory to analyse force and moment that is applied in the hydraulic
platform lift.

Distributed loading are defined by using a loading 𝑊 that indicates the intensity of the
loading along the length of the member. This intensity is measured in N/m. The external
effects caused by a coplanar distributed load acting on a body can be represented by a single
resultant force. The resultant force is equivalent to the area under the distributed loading
diagram, and has a line of action that passes through the centroid or geometric center of this
area. We using this method to find the resultant force and the centroid of the resultant force.

A truss is a structure composed of slender members joined together at their ends

points. If a truss, along with the composed load, lies in a single plane, then it is called a
planar truss. Simple trusses is commonly used to support a roof. In this situation, trusses are
applied in the hydraulic platform lift. Hence, we are using theory to find the reaction acts on
the support of the hydraulic platform lift.

Materials

Stainless Steel is used to construct the structure of hydraulic system to avoid corrosion as
stainless steel has a chemical properties which is corrosion resistance. The other part of the
platform lift are use steel as material as steel is high in hardness which its structure contain
carbon and iron.
PROBLEM STATEMENT

Object can be lifted up to desire height by using hydraulic platform lift. The weight of
the object affect the pressure acts on the hydraulic platform lift. In response to this research,
the structure of hydraulic platform lift has been design by applying the obtained knowledge in
Statics. Theory which apply in the hydraulic platform lift was listed in this project. Different
weight of vehicles was used in this project as the specimen of the hydraulic platform lift. The
centroid and the force in truss member are carried out in this project.
DISCUSSION

The equivalent resulting force of hydraulic platform lift is calculated bases on the theory of
static that we have learned, that is the distributed loading, the equilibrium of rigid body in 2D
and the knowledge of simple trusses.

Distributed loading calculation

Step 1 : Find FR1 and FR2 and x (centroid) for each of these two distributed loads.

Step 2 : Find FR=FR1+FR2

Step 3 : Using + MRO=∑MO ; xFR = xw(x)dx

Solution

𝐹𝑅1 = (1000) (1.6) = 1600N

𝐹𝑅2 = (3000) (1.2) = 3600N

𝐶1 = 1.6÷2=0.8m

𝐶2 =1.6+(1.2÷2)=2.2m

FR= 𝐹𝑅1 + 𝐹𝑅2 =1600+3600=5200N

MFR1=(1600)(0.8)=1280Nm

MFR2=(3600)(2.2)=7920Nm

∑MA=1280+7920=9200Nm

xFR=9200Nm

x=9200/5200=1.77

Hence, the location of the equivalent resulting force of hydraulic platform lift is 1.77m from
point A to the right side.

The steps is repeated by using different load of vehicle to find their centroid respectively. The
result was calculated and tabulated in the table below.

Force 1,F1 (N/m) Force 2,F2 (N/m) Resultant force,FR (N) Centroid,x (m)
1000 3000 5200 1.77
2000 4000 8000 1.64
3000 5000 10800 1.58
4000 6000 13600 1.54
5000 7000 16400 1.52
6000 8000 19200 1.5
7000 9000 22000 1.49
Table 1

Table 1 shows the result of the calculation of centroid when the force is increasing constantly
based on the calculation that we have made.
 Equivalent resultant force for different mass
of vehicles
centroid

22000 1.49

19200 1.5

16400 1.52

13600 1.54

10800 1.58

8000 1.64

5200 1.77

Graph 1

The graph 1 shows that the higher the weight of the vehicles, the less the centroid will
become and it will eventually move to the centre of the platform lift.

From the table and the graph, we found that with increasing load of vehicle, the
centroid is tend to move from right to left and is more approach to the centre of the system.

Calculation for equations of equilibrium in 2D

Step 1 : Establish the coordinate system

Step 2 : Draw FDB (simplify the distributed loading to resultant force)

Step 3 : Apply E of E.
Solution

Since there are no horizontal force acts on the system, therefore 𝑨𝑿 =0

↻ +𝑀𝐴 = 1000 (2.2) - 𝑁𝐵 (2.8) = 0 𝑵𝑩 = 786 N

↑ +𝐹𝑌 = -3000 – 1000 + 786 +𝐴𝑌 = 0 𝑨𝒀 = 3214 N

The reaction on the system is 𝐴𝑋 =0 , 𝑁𝐵 = 786 N , 𝐴𝑌 = 3214 N .

Calculation for simple truss member

Step 1 : Check if there are any zero-force members.

Step 2 : Draw FBDs of pins D and B, and then apply E of E at those pins to solve for the
unknowns.
Solution

Since there are no horizontal force acts on the system, therefore the horizontal resultant force
is zero.

𝐹𝐴𝐵 = 0 𝑭𝑨𝑩 = 0

For FBD of point A

2.0
∑ + 𝐹𝑦 = −3000 − ( ) 𝐹𝐴𝐶 = 0 𝑭𝑨𝑪 = −𝟓𝟏𝟔𝟏 𝑵
√11.84

2.8
∑ + 𝐹𝑥 = −5161 ( ) − 𝐹𝐺𝐶 = 0 𝑭𝑮𝑪 = −𝟒𝟐𝟎𝟎 𝑵
√11.84

For FBD of point B

2.0
∑ + 𝐹𝑦 = −1000 − ( ) 𝐹𝐵𝐷 = 0 𝑭𝑩𝑫 = −𝟏𝟕𝟐𝟎 𝑵
√11.84

Different mass of vehicle gives different load to the hydraulic platform lift and hence gives
different values of truss members. There are some calculation depends on the load of the
hydraulic platform lift.

Force 1,F1 Force 2,F2 Resultant 𝐹𝐴𝐵 𝐹𝐴𝐶 𝐹𝐺𝐶 𝐹𝐵𝐷

(N/m) (N/m) Force,FR ( N)
1000 3000 5200 0 -5161 -4200 -1720
2000 4000 8000 0 -6882 -5600 -3441
3000 5000 10800 0 -8602 -7000 -5161
4000 6000 13600 0 -10322 -8399 -6882
5000 7000 16400 0 -12043 -9800 -8602
6000 8000 19200 0 -13764 -11200 -10322
7000 9000 22000 0 -15484 -12600 -12043
Table 2

Table 2 shows the result of the calculation of 𝐹𝐴𝐵 , 𝐹𝐶𝐷 , 𝐹𝐴𝐶 , 𝐹𝐵𝐷 when the force is
increasing constantly based on the calculation that we have made.
 18000

16000
FORCE (COMPRESSION) / ( - )

14000

12000

10000 F_AB

8000 F_AC
F_GC
6000
F_BD
4000

2000

0
5200 8000 10800 13600 16400 19200 22000
RESULTANT FORCE

Graph 2

The graph 2 shows that the higher the resultant weight of the vehicles, the more compressive
force will acts on each truss members.
CONCLUSION
Based on the result given, we identify that yip choo fei is very handsome.