Masonry-2 : Brick Masonry 6.1. INTRODUCTION Brick masonry is made of brick components of brick masonry are therefore @ Bricks ry should have the same characteristics as discussed units bonded together with mortar. Two essential may be used in brick masonry : 1. Cement mortar 3, Cement-lime mortar 5. Mud mortar Mud mortar is used only for low-rise buildings which carry light loads. Cement mortars are used for high-rise buildi: is : i aM Mare eater ares as cus eee eke Mae Bricks are manufactured by moulding clay in rectangular blocks of uniform prede- termined size, drying them and then burning them in a kiln. Clay is a plastic earth, constituted largely of sand and alumina with traces of chalk, iron, manganese dioxide etc. Good bricks should be thoroughly burnt so that they become hard and durable. Satisfactory burning of bricks is ascertained by a hard ringing sound emitted when two bricks are struck together. The bricks should be free from cracks, chips, and large particles of lime. The strength of brick masonry chiefly depends upon: (i) quality of bricks, (ii) quality of mortar and (iii) method of bonding used. Unbonded wall, even constructed with good quality bricks and good quality mortar has little strength and stability. Brick masonry is sometimes preferred over other types of masonry due to the 2. Lime mortar 4. Lime-surkhi mortar and following reasons 1. All the bricks are of uniform size and shape, and hence they can be laid in any definite pattern. é 2. Brick units are light in weight and small in size. Hence these can be easily handled by brick layers by hand. 3. Bricks do not need any dressing. y 4. The art of brick laying can be understood very easily, and even unskilled e brick masonry. Stone masonry construction requires highly skilled masons can do th masons. (167)168 BUILDING Oo), te at all sites, unlike stones which ary pre do nat require transportation from long ly done with bricks. ne 1 can be easily constructed in yy, at quarry sites. Due to this, || 6, Ornamental work can be oes! | 2. igh partition walls and filler wall 62. TYPES OF BRICKS used in masonry can be of two types (ii) Modular bricks. |. Bricks (Traditional bricks i Pcacdot ‘pricks are those which have not been standardized in size.) : veeal bricks vary from place to place. sis length varies from 34°" ‘ fg cor and thickness yaries from 6 cm to 7.5 em The? traditional. brick is 23 cm = 11.4 © from 10 to 1: "adopted nominal size of "Modular bricks conform to the ‘Any brick which is m 7.6 em (9.4) size laid down by Bureau of India of the same uniform size as laid oy i ; Indi is Meetsc japdelar brick The nominal sise of the modula em 10 cm while the actual size of the beickda 1Giem x Fem x9 en, y B10 ctor thickness. Masonry modular bricks are econo) io a Jess area for drying, and staking, and requires less brick work aN oi da eomparigon to conventional bricks, The masonry eth surface area of the Ww: to be cheaper. bricks thus workout (b) Double bull nose: Classes of bricks Quality wise, masonry Second class bricks and (iii i {a) Single bull nose ‘Third class bricks. E eee (6) Curved (@) Coping brick (Biseason 2: BRICK MASONRY for one hour, ; ao Sytet, hey do not low es a - —~ — shew a seater more than one-sixth of the a alee more th ate weight, a slightly. irewsioe = class bricks also confo gestae one hour ited when tre Wicks ee at ree soe tr, th Sent Tf tagaa ea emcees te “ere x gether. Wh 4 res class bricks. Th, sorb water more than one-fe rth a ae toss. 3 as . bes beat at thik ei ee = Scone % eating ly, due to which the idish- yellow oe dive to whic sh-yellow Moulded bricks. Moulded br = sc or guy bk to rcks toes aa for quality brick-masonry. = scr pnt wha ‘are manufactured in special oz. si weed fo ving arcutecral saps, Suh bike re sl fy = = va yws some commonly used 1. Stretetier. A stre a": richer is the longer face ofthe rick ie. 18 ge ea course of bricks in which all the os as a stretcher course or stretchi + eee 7 stretching course g. Header. A header is seen a shorter face of the brick — ie genx 9 cm) as seen in the 4 elevation of the wall. 4 course ee ae Sr bricks in which all the bricks i orelaid as headers on the facing Racking e* nown as header course or [i back heading cOUrSe. > Lap. Lap is the hori- [Gxnresoe]_ sontal distance between the ver- = fence | Teal joints of successive brick I I ey coms _ Secor LL Tooting | perpend aes Tenses LY ‘chich includes the vertical joint car | ‘ewo adjoining bricks. Quoin coser_Vertcal joint ‘Stretcher course 5. Bed. Bed is the lower m) of the FIG. 62. ELEVATION OF A BRICK WALL. ick with the cut made longitudinally, and is helps in. preventing the the end of the course: A closer ive sources (higher OF a vertical line. Closers may defined below. Jt is a portion of a brick obtained by cutting © prick lengthwise sex which is half as wide a queen- closer is 4 bricl i queen-closer half. When a queen-closer 15 broken ueen-closer quarter. Such a closer 15 thus a brick ig. 63 )-