Burr BIO 2311 Cancer leeture 2 Terminology: 90% of cancers in humans are carcinomas; the remaining 10% are sarcomas and leukemi: Malicaant decinttice O0C8Eé_— Merederm — Saccemas Fetes eee tured: Castes Lawkewias Figure ¢: Developmental bio & of the eaty Cerdized car and cmbeyo of the vertebeae, At the derctopmcatal sage of cucu ion, the thee germ Layer, ectoderm, metoderm and endoderm, av cleat difereusted, Tossctdetied teats ese ae layers ouy Give is to malignant neoplasms with the Cermiaology based oa thle gees per of derration Sec teu fee fucken Table 2. Examples of Neoplasms Bated on the Histogenctic Clastification Tissue of Origin Benign Malignant Epidermal papilloma Epidermal carcinoma Gastric polyp Gastcic carcinoma Biliary tree Cholangioms Cholangiocarcinoms Adrenal cortex Adrenocortical Adrenocortical adenoma carcinoma 2. Connective tissue neoplasms Fibrous tissue Fibroma Fibrosarcome Cartilage Chondgoma, Chondrosarcoma Bone Oxteome Osteogenic sarcoma Fat Lipoma Liposarcoma Smooth muscle Leiomyoma Leiomyosarcoma Skeletal muscle Rhabdomyoma Rhabdomyosarcome \3Properties of benign versus malignant tumors Benign Encapsulated Noninvasive Highly differentiated Slow growth Little or no anaplasia No metastasis 14 Malignant Non-encapsulated Invasive Poorly differentiated [Rapid growth] Usually anaplastic METASTASIS !Benign versus malignant tumors neoplastic gland tubules normal gland | fibrous connective- normal gland —_ invasive, tubules tissue capsule of tubules. cancerous (cross-section) ||| benign tumor gland tubules ADENOMA (BENIGN) ADENOCARCINOMA (MALIGNANT) Figure 23-3, Moleoular Biology of the Cell, th Edition. ‘Figure 23-3. Benign versus malignant tumors. A benign glandular tumor (an adenoma) and a ‘malignant glandular tumor (an adenocarcinoma) appear structurally dstinet. There are many forms that such tumors may take; the diagram illustrates types that might be found in the breast. 1s