Professional Documents
Culture Documents
O
ver the past several years, superma-
jor BP has built up reserves by
acquiring acreage in some of the
world’s most challenging deepwater
basins, including the Gulf of Mexi-
co’s ultra-deepwater Paleogene, Egypt’s
West Nile Delta, and offshore Azerbaijan,
where reservoir pressures and tempera-
tures exceed the industry’s current tech-
nology capacity. It stands to reason, then,
that BP has taken a leading position in the
effort to develop that technology.
BP is concentrating its 20K initiative in four areas: well design, drilling and completions; rig, riser, and
Early last year, the company announced BOP equipment; subsea production system; and intervention and containment. (Image courtesy BP)
Project 20K, a multi-pronged research and de-
velopment program to “develop, by the end of
the decade, the technologies to be able to drill, new rigs are expected to include advanced Industry evolution
complete, produce, and intervene in deepwa- operating systems, real-time BOP monitor- High-pressure/high-temperature (HP/HT)
ter reservoirs that have (pressures of) 20,000 ing, and “significantly enhanced mechanical technology has evolved incrementally, with
psi at the mudline,” as BP’s Project 20K leader capabilities of the BOP, rig structures, and higher capacity achieved first in onshore ap-
in Houston, Kevin Kennelly, puts it. “Today’s piping systems,” BP said at the time of the plications, Kennelly explains.
limit is at 15,000 psi. So this is an evolution up announcement. Engineers are using de- “The way the industry has evolved, it
to the next spec break in equipment.” sign criteria geared to the US Gulf of Mex- started at 5,000-psi equipment onshore, and
The Project 20K R&D effort encompasses ico, where BP is appraising the Paleogene then it went to 10,000 psi onshore. We took
four main areas of focus: well design and Kaskida and Tiber prospects. the 5,000-psi equipment and marinized it
completions; rigs, risers, and BOPs; subsea “We are looking at a deepwater unit with for offshore. When they went to 15,000 psi
production systems; and well intervention a high hook load capacity and high variable onshore, we took the 10,000-psi equipment
and containment. In addition to the 20,000- deck load capacity,” says Maersk chief tech- and marinized it, so it could be used in deep-
psi target, the equipment will need to with- nology officer Frederik Smidth. Although water. Today, there’s 20,000-psi equipment
stand reservoir temperatures as high as the team has yet to make a formal recom- onshore, but there’s no 20,000 psi capability
350°F (175°C). About 70 BP engineers are mendation, engineers are leaning toward a offshore. It’s limited to 15,000. That’s why
assigned to the program, most of them in drillship concept. “Originally, we were open we say it’s an evolution.”
Houston, where the project team is based. to both a semi and a ship,” he says. “But as Raising the bar to 20,000 psi offshore will
In November 2012, BP awarded its initial it looks right now, due to the functional re- follow a similar pattern of marinization “in
Project 20K contracts to KBR and FMC Tech- quirements, it looks like we will end up with overall terms,” he says. “You have the design,
nologies. The former was tasked with devel- a ship-shaped hull. the build, the qualification testing, and then
oping program execution and management “Ultimately, the intention for both parties, you put it into service. Those fundamental
plans for the project, including cost (which I hope, is to continue the work, and that it steps are the same. But we’re going to do
Kennelly will only say is “in the range of bil- will end up in contracts for a number of rigs some things different in 20K. We’re going
lions of dollars”) and schedule estimates, with good, long drilling contracts.” to do a lot more qualification testing on the
risk assessment, and technical designs. FMC Kennelly agrees: “The idea is, we design engineered systems, not just components or
was enlisted to work with BP to design and one and build several. And they can be used individual pieces of equipment. The reason
develop the subsea production equipment, in- anywhere around the world. The big driver for that is we want to be absolutely sure that
cluding a 20,000-psi subsea tree and a high in- here is reservoir pressure, not water depth. the equipment is safe, that it’s reliable, and
tegrity pressure protection system (HIPPS). We’re not breaking new ground with water that it operates to its intended function. So
Last February, the company announced depth; we’re designing this equipment for there’s quite a bit more qualification testing
that it had selected Maersk Drilling to be 10,000-ft water depth. This project is de- that we’re going to do on this project.”
its collaborator on the program’s rig, risers, signed for deepwater applications, but we’re In August, 2012, BP pledged $100 mil-
and BOP design segment. Maersk’s team, targeting a range.” lion to establish the BP International Centre
in both Houston and Copenhagen, has been Hook load capacity on the new vessels, he for Advanced Materials, an academic pro-
performing engineering studies to select the says, could reach 3 million pounds, well above gram devoted to the research and develop-
rig and equipment design for the task. The the current capacity of 2.5 million pounds. ment of new materials for offshore applica-
gulf of mexico
Eprinted and posted with permission to FMC Technologies Inc from Offshore
November © 2013 PennWell Corporation