Dilute Hydrochloric Acid

US Pharmacopeia (2012)
Hydrochloric Acid – 36.46 [7647-01-0] Use ACS reagent grade
Diluted Hydrochloric Acid (10%) [7647-01-0]
● Prepare by mixing 226 mL of hydrochloric acid with sufficient water to make 1000mL
(Convention, 2012)
Hydrochloric Acid, Alcoholic, Tenth-Molar (0.1M)
● Dilute 9.0 mL of hydrochloric acid to 1000mL with aldehyde-free alcohol
Hydrochloric Acid, Half-Normal (0.5N)
● 18.23g in 1000mL
● To a 1000-mL volumetric flask containing 40mL of water, slowly add 43 mL of
hydrochloric acid. Cool, and add water to volume. Standardize the solution as follows
● Accurately weigh about 2.5 g of tromethamine, dried according to the label instrucitons or,
if this information is not available, dried at 105 degrees for 3hours. Dissolve in 50mL of
water, and add 2 drops of bromocresol green TS. Titrate with 0.5N hydrochloric acid to a
pale yellow endpoint. Each 60.57mg of tromethamine is equivalent to 1mL of 0.5N
hydrochloric acid
𝑚𝑔 𝑡𝑟𝑜𝑚𝑒𝑡ℎ𝑎𝑚𝑖𝑛𝑒
𝑁=
121.14 𝑥 𝑚𝐿 𝑜𝑓 𝐻𝐶𝑙
Hydrochloric Acid, Half-nromal (0.5N) in Methanol
● 18.23g in 1000mL
● To a 1000-mL volumetric flask containing 40mL of water slowly add 43mL of
hydrochloric acid. Cool, and add methanol to volume. Standardize the solution as follows.
● Accurately weight about 2.5g of tromethamine, dried according to the label instructions or,
if this information is not available, dried at 105 degrees for 3hours. Proceed as directed
under Hydrochloric Acid, Normal (1N), beginning with “Dissolve in 50mL of water”
𝑚𝑔 𝑡𝑟𝑜𝑚𝑒𝑡ℎ𝑎𝑚𝑖𝑛𝑒
𝑁=
121.14 𝑥 𝑚𝐿 𝑜𝑓 𝐻𝐶𝑙
Hydrochloric acid, Normal (1N)
● 36.46g in 1000mL
● Dilute 85mL of hydrochloric acid with water to 1000mL. standardize the solution as
follows
● Accurately weight about 5.0g of tromethamine, dried according to the label instructions
or, if this information is not available, dried at 105 degrees for 3hours. Dissolve in 50mL
 of water, and add 2 drops of bromocresol green TS. Titrate with 1N hydrochloric acid to
a pale yellow endpoint. Each 121.14mg of tromethamine is equivalent to 1mL of 1N
hydrochloric acid
𝑚𝑔 𝑡𝑟𝑜𝑚𝑒𝑡ℎ𝑎𝑚𝑖𝑛𝑒
𝑁=
121.14 𝑥 𝑚𝐿 𝑜𝑓 𝐻𝐶𝑙

FINAL PROCEDURES:
1. Wear PPE and work at a fume hood (Science ASSIST, 2014) (ASSIST, 2014)
2. Into a volumetric flask or graduated cylinder, place 60mL of purified water
3. Measure 45.2mLjn of concentrated (37%) hydrochloric acid (US Convention, 2012) using
graduated cylinder and micropipette/Pasteur pipet
4. Slowly add the concentrated acid to the water, then mix. (Science ASSIST, 2014)
5. Add 94.88mL of purified water to the solution to complete the necessary volume.
6. Mix
7. Transfer the solution into the labelled glass bottle (Science ASSIST, 2014)
8. Rinse the glassware used for concentrated acid with copious volumes of tap water under
the fume hood. Rinse 3-4 times then put the glassware away. Rinse the other glasswares 3-
4 times with water before putting it away (Helmenstine, 2018).
Calculations:
226𝑚𝐿 𝐻𝐶𝑙 𝑥
= = 45.2𝑚𝐿 𝑜𝑓 𝐻𝐶𝑙
1000𝑚𝐿 200𝑚𝐿
200𝑚𝐿 − 45.2𝑚𝐿 = 154.8 𝑚𝐿 𝑜𝑓 𝑝𝑢𝑟𝑖𝑓𝑖𝑒𝑑 𝑤𝑎𝑡𝑒𝑟

References
ASSIST, S. (2014, April). Standard Operating Procedure: Diluted concentrated hydrochloric
acid. Retrieved from ASSIST:
https://assist.asta.edu.au/sites/assist.asta.edu.au/files/SOP%20Diluting%20concentrated%
20hydrochloric%20acid_0.pdf
Convention, U. S. (2012). United States Pharmacopoeia 35th Revision and National Formulary
30th Edition. Baltimore, Maryland: United Book Press, Inc.
Helmenstine, Anne Marie, Ph.D. (2018, August 23). How to Clean Laboratory Glassware.
Retrieved from https://www.thoughtco.com/how-to-clean-laboratory-glassware-606051