BRIDGE & STRUCTURES RESEARCH, DESIGN & DEVEPLOPMENT SOME RECENT ACHIEVEMENTS New Initiatives in Design and Fabrication Revision of Railway Codes for Seismic Design of Railway Bridges + The existing Design provisions of Bridge Rule for Seismic Design of Railway Bridge % Design of 91.44m span has been standardized. are Obsolete as these were based on “Bow string gitders for NHAI drawings of 42m 1S:1893-1984 which has been completely ‘span bow string ROBs have been issued for revised with new design philosophy in Year ‘one way twolane. 2002, The Seismic design methods have + Design of 60m Bow Arch Bridge for NHAI one ‘also advanced all over the world. way two lane isin progress. 4 Based upon new IS Codes and prevailing + Design of 72m Bow Arch girder has been latest international practices, IITK-RDSO completed. On-Going Research Projects ey i371 Review of Fi Railway Bridges 4 The Fatigue Criteria for design of Railway Brides was revised vide correction slip no in the June, 2012 ‘ The Implication of the revised Fatigue criteria has been a large and somewhat unjustified increase in the sectional area in some members. This necessitates a Review of the Design Criteria for Fatigue. 4 The increase in the section from old to new fatigue criteria is up to 150% in the Diagonals etc resulting in large increase in Steel Weight. ia for Design of Guideline were issued in Nov-2010. The New methodology suggested takes into account the Flexibility of the structures in calculating design Seismic Forces and it also takes into account the Duetilty factor of the bridge in absorbing and sustaining Earthquake forces by going into inelastic range + Certain issues were pointed out regarding these guidelines, especially related Response reduction factor and Live Load factors. This matter was discussed in 82nd BSC jin 2014, The issues have been ‘examined and revised RDSO guidelines for seismic design of bridges have been issued in January 2015. + The correction slips to Bridge Rules and ‘Most ofthe problems in the Railway bridges (RSW CaRaereNE SeeN once eM Unter have been found in the Fatigue failures of preparation Stringer! Rail Bearers where the increased _ section isjustited % The matter was discussed in 83° BSC + The reasons for this change has been es ee atoe ipa rer a identified as follows i. Use of complete stress cycle for members like diagonals. correction slips are to be proposed by B&S. dte. On-Going Important Design Projects ii. Use of full impact factor for fatigue = Design of 106.6 m Span Open Web Girder design (In Euro codes, 50% of impact + 106.6 m span open web girder is required factor is used). forimportant bridges. ili, Use of rivets which have low fatigue % Design work has been taken up in hand strength. (This problem has been + Steel proposed is E350 B0, with double- solved by using HSFG bolts). diamond type truss. ‘Matter was discussed in 83" BSC and as = Design of 30.5 m Span Ballasted Deck per discussions, the revision will be done by RDSO and presented during the next BSC meeting. Through Type Girders + The through girder drawings are all with steel channel sleepers. = a TRDS eS Aeli ele ee oy * + For better riding and for permitting laying of LWR on bridge, ballasted deckis preferred. Design of 30.5 m span with RCC deck over stringers has been taken in hand. Design of Bow-String Girders for Revised Lane width ROBs ° Design of Bow string girders for revised lane width is required as per IRC guidelines. The work is held up because there is no ‘AEN/XEN forthe same. Design of ROBs for Revised Lane Configurations * ° The lane widths have been revised by MOST for different locations of ridges. ‘All existing designs need to be checked and revised forthese. Design work has been taken up and likely to be completed by 30.09.2016, Drawings will then be required to be prepared for different spans. Progress of On-Going Research Projects (External) Development of Railway Bridge Health Monitoring System with Wireless Sensor Network * * BENEFITS EXPECTED > The use of wireless sensors reduces the losses associated with the wires such as thermal effects, drop in voltage etc, > Setting up of test is very fast and convenient > — Long term monitoring of bridges can be done. SALIENT FEATURES > Category ofproject — Artificial Inteligence > Sanctionedcost — Rs. 187.02 lakhs. > ExecutiveAgency - Centerfor Railway Research (IIT Kharagpur) > Exp. Upto Mar, 2016 — Rs. 181.02 lakhs > Budget Grant — Rs.2.09 lakhs > Exp. In Current Year — NIL OBJECTIVES/DELIVERABLES > Extensive literature survey to find out state of art system of Wireless Sensors suitable for Indian Railways. > Development of energy efficient and secure topology design to reduce battery consumption & pilferage. Developing numerical models for four Representative Standard Span for Railway Bridges, > Analysis of Superstructure & Sub- structure to find the locations for placing the sensors Design of Wireless Sensor Network for Bridge Health Monitoring, > Investigation for use of suitable Wireless Sensors for Flood Water Level monitoring, > Testing of Sensors on a model through simulation. > Training of25 Railway Engineers. STATUS > Literature Survey Completed. > Sensors and base stations procured for wireless network > Water level sensor procured and initial testing done on Bridge No 57 in SE Railway. Instrumentation testing completed on one bridge in SE Railway to check the arrangement proposed. > Numerical models prepared for four types of girders, viz Plate girder, open web girder, PSC Box and PSC girders > Design of 12m Span Model Bridge for outdoor experiments finalized & same to be fabricated > Final Report on Flood Water Monitoring ‘System has been submitted to RDSO on 21-02-2016 > Some sensors and wireless data collection system is being tested Testing of sensors also done on Br No. 168 UP. Validation of Numerical Model, fine tuning of system under progress. > Draft final Report on ‘Numerical Modeling of Railway Bridges” has been submitted by IITIKGP for scrutiny of RDSO on 30-4-2016.After Scrutiny by RDSO the shortcomings in report has been advisedto IITIKGP on 19.05.2016. > On receipt of Second Draft Final Report on 14-07-2016, shortcomings again advised vide RDSO letter dated 19-07- v v vBRIDGE & STRUCTURES: 2016. Final report from lIT/KGP and validation of whole system on Bridge 168 Upisstill pending, > Request for expediting the project done 0n21.07,2016. Prof /Civil Engg. With SRA had meeting in RDSO on ist & 2nd August/2016 for detailed discussion and assured to ‘complete the project atthe earliest > Draft final Report on “Numerical Modeling of Railway Bridges” has been submitted by IITIKGP for scrutiny of RDSO on 30.4.16. After Scrutiny by RDSO the shortcomings in report has been advised to IIT/IKGP on 19.05.16, v ™ Development of Criteria for Dynamic Analysis of Steel Railway Bridges ° * ey i371 BENEFITS EXPECTED > Optimization and extension of impact values to be considered in bridge design for speeds upto which dynamic analysis is not required (~ 200 KMPH). The existing codal values are for 125/160 KMPH only, > Criteria for dynamic analysis of bridges for higher speeds (Upto 350 KMPH) where CDAvalues cannotbe used. SALIENT FEATURES > Sanctionedcost - Rs. 43,22,640.00 > Yearofsanction - 2012-13, DF-3, PH-18 > Agency - IITRoorkee > MOUDate = 09.10.2012 > Expendituretill - Rs40.01 Lakhs. 31.03.2016 > BudgetGrant = Rs 1.12 Lakhs, 15-16 > Expenditurein = Nil currentyear OBJECTIVE / DELIVERABLES » Dynamic Analysis of all types of Girder and Truss bridges including Comparisons of Dynamic analysis with CDA based normal analysis, for Passenger speeds 160 Kmph to 300 Kmph and Freight 125 Kmph to 150 Kmph for MBG, HM, 25 t and 32.5 t loading. > Procedure (step by step) to conduct Dynamic analysis. > Draft Provisions for Bridge Rules/ Stee! Bridge Code along with design implications. ‘+ CURRENTSTATUS > Results of Dead Load and Free vibration analysis completed for all Plate Girder and Truss Bridges. > Dynamic analysis for all Plate Girder Bridges completed (including case with CDA). > Dynamic analysis of OWG completed. > IIT Roorkee has informed that all analysis work has been completed and report preparation work is going on. Development of Provision for Design of Steel Concrete Composite Railway Bridges for Normal Speed ad Special Provisions for High Speed Passenger Traffic ‘+ EXPECTED BENEFITS > Code for design of steel-concrete composite girders will be developed, benchmarking the same with other international codes. > Shear connectors will be tested to verity their strength in static and dynamic conditions. Methodology for design of continuous composite girders for high speed train operations will be finalized. > Existing steel bridge code will be converted to limits state to make itin tine with the concrete bridge code which is already inlimitstate % SALIENTFEATURES > Sanctionedcost - Rs. 118.95 lakhs > ExecutiveAgency— Centre for Railway v Research (IIT Kharagpur). > Exp.UptoMar,2016 — Rs. 78.55 lakhs. > BudgetGrant — Rs. 3.48 lakhs. 2015-16 > Expenditurein — Nil current year OBJECTIVESIDELIVERABLES > Report on analysis and design of Composite Bridge girders for normal speed (up to 160 kmph) in phase-1 and special provisions for high speed Passenger Traffic in phase-2 (up to 350 kmph). The report will contain the design = a TRDS eS A