Load Combinations fe) ASD Load combinations 1. 1.0D + 1.0L 2. 0.75D + 0.75L + 0.75W 3. 0.75D + 0.75L + 0.75E D = dead load L = Live load W = Wind load E = Earthquake load (oa ee a) ae a Coun oa Load Combinations | ASD Load combinations You can use following load combinations with the parameter ALSTRINC (Allowable Strength Increase) to account for the 1/3 allowable increase for the wind and seismic load 1. 1.0D + 1.0L 2. 1.0D+ 1.0L + 1.0W 3. 1.00 + 1.0L + 1.0E foto oa ee Ca) eae em CounLoad Combinations fe) LRFD Load Combinations 1. 1.4D 2. 1.2D + 1.6L + 0.5(L, or S or R) 3. 1.2D + 1.6(L, or S or R) + (0.5L or 0.8W) 4. 1.2D +1.3W + 0.5L + 0.5(L, or S or R) 5. 1.2D41.0E + 0.5L + 0.2S 6. 0.9D + (1.3Wor 1.0E D = Dead load L = Live load L, = RoofLive Load W = Wind load S = SnowLoad E = Earthquake load R_= = Rain Water or Ice fol meet a) ema aN 4 Load Combinations | LRFD Load Combinations e Why only Dead load in equation (1) ? e There may be a significant live load on a structure during construction. e Moreover, the structure may have not reached its full 28 days strength as further construction is usually carried out . (oa ee a) ee ©Example: increase in dead load on the ground floor due bricks lying on the roof for the construction of the first floor Why negative sign in equation (6) ? It accounts for the stability of structures due to lateral loadings. 7