The domain of modern linguistics, defined as the scientific study of language, has a rich and varied history spanning over two centuries. However, people have been concemed with studying language for a very long time. Linguistics is mentioned in the dialogues of Plato (200 EC) and in Roman writings ‘Modern linguistics can trace Its beginnings to the 17th and sth centuries when European scholars hegan to develop the nation of grammars based on universalistic principles, the belief that all languages share comman features. in modern times, this philosophy of universal principles Is best known through the work of Neam Chomsky, who has influenced an entire generation of scholars described as “generative linguists.” Modern linguistics is also influenced by another group of scholars who were interested in recording languages that did not have writing systems. In the United States, tuo men who created the models for recording and analyzing languages in the early part ofthe 20th century were Frane Boas and Edward Sapir. Thelr work focused on Native American languages but soon Was carried to language groups around the wor'd, As the fleld of linguistics became more accepted as 2 discipline, other scholars from different fields began ta incorporate language-related topics into their work, Linguistics found its way into sociology, anthropology, language arts, foreign language learning and teaching, English as @ second language, translation and interpretation, iteracy, and the development of language policy in countries around the world, Today the field of linguistics has blossomed into an interdisciplinry science comprising a number of subfields and several schools of thought. ‘Among the subfields are anthropological linguistics, applied linguistics, biological linguistics, clinical linguistics, computational linguistics, educational linguistics. ethnolinguistics, geographical ‘ngulstics, mathematical linguistics. neurolinguistics, philosophical. linguistics. psycholinguistics, sociolinguistic, statistical linguistics, and theolinguistics