LINEAR PROGRAMMING 24 INTRODUCTION of possible - In using the term far class of programming problems that meet the following conditions: postive oF 20. bles can be described th no eross products, The criterion function 1s nor- function he process (¢.g..seatity of resources) can be expressed as a set of linear equations of linear inequalities. This set is referred to.as the consiraint set ‘The last two conditions are the reasons for the use of the term linear program- ming. Linear prograt techniques are widely used to solve a number of mili- tary, economic, industrial, and social problems. Three primary reasons for its Wide use are: of problems in diverse fields can be represented or at least approximated ning model 2. Efficient techniques for solving linear programming problems are available, and 3 Ease through which data variation (Sensitivity Analysis) can be handled through hear At this point, we should point out that the: ature, and hence even for moderate size ‘computer for solution. This could be a Worth more than the cost to obtain it. In other words, the linear programming may offset the saving that may ‘But with the advance-ig linear programming Problem, oF re cinexpensive as well oo nso ; pata come an mode 2 22 yN OF LI rors ’ \ Thett es to be determined (decision varia, ae a tes ol sent fen tT and oon aities which are Tner Fun, jon and represent which is to be maximized OF mini, is ber formulating a num eo science but primar 22:1 PRODUCT-MIX PROBLEM a7 EXAMPLE: to sched ~The Handy-Dandy Company wi appliance that requires two resour sidering three different models and furnished the following data: a BC (hours pe u 736 ialipoundsperunit) 44S (5 per u 423 restricted to 200 pounds per day. The daily availabt iy of labor i 150 hours. Formulate a tinea programming model to determine tH daily production rate of the various models in order to maximize the total profit. Form ‘The supply of raw mat ‘entity the Decision Variables. The unknown activities to be det ‘mined are the dail rat of production forthe three models. Representing them by algebraic symbols, Production of model A %+~Daily production of model B %<—Daily production of model C Constraints ited availabiliy ofthe two the raw material requiceme wall be 4x pounds for 4x4 pounds for nd Sx, pounds for model ¢ ‘ven by 4,4 dug + Sx. 5 200 HOM On the decision variables, inear programming 18 not te € values, and methods for handling variables Os will be discussed later. produced can be sold, Z= 4.4 2e 3K, linear programming model for our product mix problem Find numbers x4, x» x; which will maximize Za degt Degt Bee subject to the constraints Treg t Any + 6K, S150 fen trainees, The bas been found that out of Success Trained machinists are also needed for machining and the company's requre- EMIS forthe next three months are as January 100 February 150 March 200ache ach ried ™ fenachinine g is Fixed, the only (y, ing and the number ile for eag trined machinist iin March ata sufficient number ‘ach month for machining. This can be met bY W cach month: rained machinists be availabe the following equation fa Number teaching + Number idle unter machi wtwalane nebegining of the month ereanl fhe mono Snub consain becomes 1o0+3,¢%5=120 For February, the total numberof trained machinists available will be the sum at trained machinists in January and those coming from the training program. It January, there are 10x, trainees in the program, and out of those only 7x, succes {aly ono and become tained machinists, Thos, the constraint for Februatt nes: 150+, +4=1304 74, Similarly, for March, 200-4442 1304 15,474, 1304 7x, +9554 Ixy 250 Ofcourse, all the variables ae restricted to be nonnegati ive, White w7 work need not fowt of the training program ( ‘Thus, the objective fu Minimize: Z=400(10e, + 13,4105) +7006 +, + S00, + 4+.) * ‘rus the linear programming problem becomes +0 xt =30 Ty = yom =20 Ty #75, = x= 70 my 41 40, 120 20, HBO, 420, 220, 420, 420 EXAMPLE2.23 ADVERTISING MEDIA SELECTION ‘An advertising company wishes to plan an advertising campaign in three dif- v program is fo reach as many pot study are given below: Television Prime Daytime Time Radio __Magazines $40,000 $75,000 «$30,000 815,000 400,000 990,000 500,000 200,000 300,000 400,000 200,000 100,00 , ¢ television, radio, and magazines, respectively. The total number of potential customers reached (in thousands) = 40x, + 900, + $00x, + 200x,. The restriction on the advertising budget is represented by -40,000x, + 75,000, + 30,000x; + 15,000, 3 800,000 ‘The constraint on the number of women customers reached by the advertising ‘campaign becomes. 300,000, + 400,000x, + 200,000, + 100,000, 2,000,000