5HDO7LPH3DFNHW6FKHGXOLQJIRU5HDO7LPH

:LUHOHVV6HQVRU1HWZRUNV
3UDGHHS&KHQQDNHVDYXOD -HPLPDK(EHQH]HU 6$96DW\D0XUW\ 'U7-D\DNXPDU
6HQLRU5HVHDUFK)HOORZ 6FLHQWLILF2IILFHU) 2XWVWDQGLQJ6FLHQWLVW 2XWVWDQGLQJ6FLHQWLVW
&RPSXWHU'LYLVLRQ(,56* &RPSXWHU'LYLVLRQ(,56* 'LUHFWRU(,56* 'LUHFWRU 00*
,QGLUD*DQGKL&HQWUHIRU$WRPLF ,QGLUD*DQGKL&HQWUHIRU ,QGLUD*DQGKL&HQWUHIRU$WRPLF ,QGLUD*DQGKL&HQWUHIRU
5HVHDUFK $WRPLF5HVHDUFK 5HVHDUFK $WRPLF5HVHDUFK
.DOSDNNDP .DOSDNNDP .DOSDNNDP .DOSDNNDP
7DPLO1DGX 7DPLO1DGX 7DPLO1DGX 7DPLO1DGX
SUDGHHSFV#LJFDUJRYLQ MHPL#LJFDUJRYLQ VDW\D#LJFDUJRYLQ WMN#LJFDUJRYLQ
 

        
$EVWUDFW WR PLQLPL]H WKH (QGWR(QG GHOD\ 7KLV (QGWR(QG GHOD\ LV
WKHDJJUHJDWLRQRIDOOWKHSRVVLEOHGHOD\VLQFXUUHGLQEHWZHHQ
VRXUFH DQG GHVWLQDWLRQ QDPHO\ FRPPXQLFDWLRQ GHOD\V
$ SDFNHWVFKHGXOLQJ VFKHPH WKDW GHWHUPLQHV WKH RUGHU RI SURFHVVLQJGHOD\DQGTXHXLQJGHOD\>@>@ ,QFDVHRIIHZHU
VHUYLFLQJRILQFRPLQJSDFNHWVLQDQLQWHUPHGLDWHQRGHSOD\VDYLWDO WUDIILF FRQGLWLRQV FRPPXQLFDWLRQ DQG SURFHVVLQJ GHOD\V
UROH LQ GHFLGLQJ WKH TXHXLQJ GHOD\ H[SHULHQFHG E\ D SDFNHW LQ D
GRPLQDWHWKHTXHXLQJGHOD\DQGKHQFHLWVKRZVDOHVVLPSDFW
:LUHOHVV 6HQVRU 1HWZRUN ,Q FDVH RI 5HDOWLPH :61 DSSOLFDWLRQV
PLQLPL]LQJ WKH (QGWR(QG GHOD\ LV D PDMRU FRQFHUQ WR PHHW WKH RQ (QGWR(QG GHOD\ :KHUHDV LQ KHDY\ WUDIILF FRQGLWLRQV
UHTXLUHG ERXQGHG WLPH FRQVWUDLQWV 7KHUHIRUH D 5HDOWLPH SDFNHW SDFNHWV DW LQWHUPHGLDWH QRGHV H[SHULHQFHV VXEVWDQWLDO DPRXQW
VFKHGXOLQJVFKHPHKDVWRVFKHGXOHWKHLQFRPLQJSDFNHWVHIIHFWLYHO\ RI TXHXLQJ GHOD\ ZKLFK LV QRW LJQRUDEOH >@ 7KHUHIRUH DQ
EDVHG XSRQ WKHLU GHDGOLQH E\ PLQLPL]LQJ WKH TXHXLQJ GHOD\ HIIHFWLYH SDFNHW VFKHGXOLQJ SROLF\ LV REOLJDWRU\ WR PLQLPL]H
LQFXUUHGDWHDFKQRGH,QWKLVSDSHUZHSUHVHQWHGWKHUROHRI5HDO WKHTXHXLQJGHOD\DWWKHLQWHUPHGLDWHQRGHVDQGWKXVSOD\VDQ
WLPH SDFNHW VFKHGXOLQJ SROLF\ IRU 5HDOWLPH :LUHOHVV 6HQVRU LPSHUDWLYHUROHLQPHHWLQJWKHSDFNHWGHDGOLQHV,QWKLVSDSHU
1HWZRUNVDQGZHSURSRVHGDQHIIHFWLYHVFKHGXOLQJVFKHPHWKDWDLGV ZHSURSRVHGDQ(IIHFWLYH5HDO7LPHSDFNHW6FKHGXOLQJSROLF\
WR5HDOWLPHGDWDFRPPXQLFDWLRQ6LPXODWLRQUHVXOWVKRZVWKDWWKH >(576@ DQG SUHVHQWHG D SHUIRUPDQFH DQDO\VLV LQ WHUPV RI
SURSRVHGVFKHGXOLQJSROLF\ZRUNVEHWWHULQWHUPVRIDYHUDJHGHOD\
$YHUDJH GHOD\ 3DFNHW 'URS 5DWLR >3'5@ 3DFNHW 0LVV 5DWLR
SDFNHWGURSUDWLRDQGSDFNHWPLVVUDWLR
>305@

.H\ZRUGV 7KH SDSHU LV RUJDQL]HG DV IROORZV ,Q VHFWLRQ ,, WKH UHODWHG
ZRUNV DUH H[HPSOLILHG  6HFWLRQ ,,, EULHIO\ GHVFULEHV RXU
5HDO7LPH :LUHOHVV 6HQVRU 1HWZRUNV 57:61V 5HDOWLPH
3DFNHW6FKHGXOLQJ4XHXLQJ'HOD\
, ,1752'8&7,21
:LUHOHVV 6HQVRU 1HWZRUNV >:61V@ FDQ EH FRQVLGHUHG DV
GLVWULEXWHG FRPSXWLQJ FRPPXQLFDWLRQ LQIUDVWUXFWXUH ZLWK
PDQ\ VWHUQ FRQVWUDLQWV LQ WHUPV RI PHPRU\ SRZHU VL]H 
EDQGZLGWK DQG SURFHVVLQJ FDSDELOLWLHV >@  :61 KDYLQJ LWV
SDFNHW VFKHGXOLQJ VFKHPH IUDPHZRUN :H GLVFXVV RXU
H[SHULPHQWDO PHWKRGRORJ\ DQG SUHVHQW WKH SHUIRUPDQFH
DQDO\VLVLQVHFWLRQ,97KHSDSHUFRQFOXVLRQDQGIXWXUHZRUN
LVVXPPDUL]HGLQVHFWLRQ9

,, 5(/$7(':25.
5HDO 7LPH FRPPXQLFDWLRQ $UFKLWHFWXUH 5$3 GHILQHG LQ >@
XVHV D QRYHO UHDO WLPH VFKHGXOLQJ VFKHPH QDPHG 9HORFLW\
LQWULQVLF XQLTXH SURPLVLQJ IHDWXUHV VXFK DV VPDOO VL]H ORZ PRQRWRQLF VFKHGXOLQJ 906 906 LV D SULRULWL]HG SDFNHW
SRZHU FRQVXPSWLRQ DXWRQRPRXV PRELOLW\ GHQVH LQ YROXPH VFKHGXOLQJSROLF\ZKHUH WKHWHUP FDOOHG ³9HORFLW\´VHUYHVDV
VHOIKHDOLQJ DQG VHOIRUJDQL]LQJ  ILQGV DQ LPPHQVH UDQJH RI LWV SULRULW\ 9HORFLW\ LV WHUPHG DV D UDWLR RI WKH (QGWR(QG
DSSOLFDWLRQV WKDW LQFOXGHV UHDOWLPH DSSOLFDWLRQV 5HDO7LPH GLVWDQFH WR WKH WLPH XQWLO WKH GHDGOLQH ,W KDV WZR QRWLRQV
:LUHOHVV 6HQVRU 1HWZRUNV 57:61V DSSOLFDWLRQV DUH QDPHO\6WDWLF906DQG'\QDPLF9066WDWLF906XVHVD
SHUIRUPDQFH FULWLFDO WKDW UHTXLUH GHOLPLWHG ODWHQF\ VHUYLFH IL[HGUHTXHVWHGYHORFLW\DWWKHVHQGHURIHDFKSDFNHWDQGLWLV
$SSOLFDWLRQVVXFKDVUDGLDWLRQPRQLWRULQJLQWUXVLRQGHWHFWLRQ IL[HGRQHDFKKRSRIDIRUZDUGLQJSDWK
ILUHGHWHFWLRQWRQDPHEXWDIHZZKHUHWKHVHQVHGLQIRUPDWLRQ 
KDV WR UHDFK WKH GHVWLQDWLRQ ZLWKLQ WKH VWLSXODWHG WLPH 6WDWLF9HORFLW\ GLV[V \V [G\G ' 
RWKHUZLVHLWPD\OHDGWRFDWDVWURSKLFHIIHFW>@7KHIRFDOWDVN 
RIDFKLHYLQJUHDOWLPHGDWDFRPPXQLFDWLRQLQFDVHRI:61LV

978-1-4673-4529-3/12/$31.00 2012
c IEEE 273
:KHUHGLV[V \V [G\G LVWKHJHRJUDSKLFGLVWDQFHEHWZHHQ :KHUH U DQG R DUH WKH UHPDLQLQJ GLVWDQFH WR WKH VLQN DQG
WKHVRXUFHDW[V \VDQGWKHGHVWLQDWLRQDW[G\G (QGWR± DYHUDJHRQHKRSGLVWDQFH
(QGGHDGOLQHLV' 
'\QDPLF906UHFDOFXODWHVWKHUHTXHVWHGYHORFLW\RIDSDFNHW +XDQ /L HW DO>@SURSRVHGDSROLF\WKDWVFKHGXOHVPHVVDJHV
XSRQLWVDUULYDODWHDFKLQWHUPHGLDWHQRGHDVIROORZV E\FDUHIXOO\H[SORLWLQJVSDWLDOFKDQQHOUHXVHIRUHDFKSHUKRS
 WUDQVPLVVLRQ WR DYRLG 0$& OD\HU FROOLVLRQV VR WKDW GHDGOLQH
'\QDPLF9HORFLW\ GLV[V \V [G\G '7L   PLVVHVDUHPLQLPL]HG
 
:KHUH GLV[V \V [G\G LVWKHJHRJUDSKLFGLVWDQFHEHWZHHQ
WKHVRXUFHDW[V \VDQGWKHGHVWLQDWLRQDW[G\G (QGWR
(QGGHDGOLQHLV'DQG7LLVWKHHODSVHGWLPHRIWKHSDFNHWLQD
QHWZRUN ,Q RUGHU WR VHQG WKH SDFNHWV DFFRUGLQJ WR WKHLU
SULRULW\ 906 WDNHV WKH VXSSRUW IURP 0$& OD\HU WKURXJK
EDFNRIIVFKHPH
 UHDO WLPH VFKHGXOHU DLGV LQ VXFFHVV RI UHDO WLPH GDWD
-XVWLQ7LPH6FKHGXOLQJ>-L76@DOJRULWKPLQ>@LVSURSRVHG
IRUWKH5HDOWLPHGDWDGLVVHPLQDWLRQLQD:61VZKLFKKDVWKH
FDSDELOLW\RIGLUHFWFRQWURORIWKHQHWZRUNOD\HUTXHXLQJGHOD\
LQFXUUHGDWWKHLQWHUPHGLDWHQRGHV-L76IROORZVWKHDSSURDFK
RI VHWWLQJ WKH WDUJHW WUDQVPLVVLRQ WLPH IRU HDFK SDFNHW LQ
DFFRUGDQFH ZLWK WKHLU GHDGOLQH DQG WKH UHPDLQLQJ GLVWDQFH
DORQJWKHIRUZDUGLQJSDWK,QDVWULFWVHQVHLQ-L76HDFKQRGH
GHFLGHV KRZ ORQJ WR GHOD\ D SDFNHW IRU D IUDFWLRQ RI WKHLU
UHPDLQLQJVODFN WLPHZKLOH OHDYLQJDVXIILFLHQW WLPH WR PHHW
WKHGHDGOLQH7KHIROORZLQJDUHWKHGLIIHUHQWQRWLRQVRI-L76
,,, ())(&7,9(5($/7,0(3$&.(76&+('8/,1*32/,&<
,Q WKLV VHFWLRQ ZH LQWURGXFHG DQ (IIHFWLYH 5HDO7LPH
6FKHGXOLQJSROLF\EDVHGXSRQWKHZRUNRI-L76ZLWKDVKRUWHVW
SDWKURXWLQJSURWRFRO7KHVKRUWHVWSDWKURXWLQJDOJRULWKPXVHG
KHUH VHOHFWV WKH VKRUWHVW SDWK DPRQJ DOO SDWKV 7KH SURSRVHG
FRPPXQLFDWLRQ EHWZHHQ WKH VRXUFH DQG GHVWLQDWLRQ E\
PLQLPL]LQJWKHTXHXLQJGHOD\DWHDFKLQWHUPHGLDWHQRGH7KH
SURSRVHG VFKHGXOHU FDQ EH VDQGZLFKHG EHWZHHQ URXWLQJ DQG
0$& OD\HU RU ZLWKLQ WKH URXWLQJ OD\HU RI WKH SURWRFRO VWDFN
6LQFHLWLVGHVLJQHGDVDOD\HULQGHSHQGHQWWKHUHLVQRQHHGIRU
DQ\ VXSSRUW RU FKDQJHV WR EH GRQH LQ ORZHU OD\HUV  7KH
RYHUYLHZRIWKHSURSRVHGDUFKLWHFWXUHLVDVIROORZV

6FKHGXOHU)UDPHZRUN

EDVHGRQWKHUHPDLQLQJVODFNWLPHDOORFDWLRQDWHDFKQRGH 7KH SURSRVHG (IIHFWLYH 5HDO7LPH 6FKHGXOHU (576 IRU
 5HDOWLPH GDWD GLVVHPLQDWLRQ MXGLFLRXVO\ VFKHGXOHV WKH DOO
6WDWLF -L76 -L766 ,Q -L766 WKH SDFNHW WUDQVPLVVLRQ WLPH LQFRPLQJ SDFNHWV DW HDFK LQWHUPHGLDWH QRGH EDVHG RQ WKH
IURPTXHXHLVVHWDWWKHGDWDVRXUFHDQGLVIL[HGWKURXJKRXWWKH UHPDLQLQJ VODFN WLPH DQG UHPDLQLQJ GLVWDQFH WR WKH
IRUZDUGLQJSDWKLVDVIROORZV GHVWLQDWLRQ ,W WDNHV D URXWLQJ LQIRUPDWLRQ DQG WKH UHTXLUHG
 GHDGOLQHIRUDSDFNHWDQGGHFLGHVKRZORQJWRNHHSDSDFNHWLQ
7DUJHW'HOD\ 
ሺ஽௘௔ௗ௟௜௡௘ିாா்஽ሻ
Į  D TXHXH ZKLOH OHDYLQJ HQRXJK WLPH WR PHHW WKH GHDGOLQH ,Q
஽௜௦௧௔௡௖௘ሺௌǡ஽ሻ DFWXDOVHQVHWKHSURSRVHGVFKHGXOLQJVFKHPHJLYHVRXWSXWDV
 WLPH WR VWD\ LQ TXHXH LH WKH SDFNHWV KDYLQJ KLJK UHPDLQLQJ
:KHUH((7'LVWKH(QGWR(QG7UDQVPLVVLRQ'HOD\ZKLFKLV VODFNWLPHFDQDOORZWRVWD\LQTXHXHPRUHWLPHFRPSDUHGWR
WKH ORZHU OD\HU WUDQVPLVVLRQ GHOD\ FDXVHG GXH WR FKDQQHO WKH SDFNHW ZLWK OHVV VODFN WLPH WKDW DOORZV WKH SDFNHWV
FRQWHQWLRQV DQG SDFNHW WUDQVPLVVLRQV  'LVWDQFH 6 ' LV DSSURDFKLQJWKHGHDGOLQHZLOOEHVHQGZLWKOHVVTXHXLQJGHOD\
GLVWDQFHEHWZHHQVRXUFH6WRWKH'HVWLQDWLRQ'DQGĮLVD 6FKHGXOLQJSDFNHWVLQWKLVZD\FDQUHGXFHWKHGHOD\GXHWRWKH
FRQVWDQW FDOOHG 6DIHW\ 0DUJLQ ZKLFK LV XVHG WR HQVXUH WKDW QHWZRUN DJJUHJDWLRQ DQG FRQJHVWLRQ $ VLQJOH SULRULW\ TXHXH
5HDOWLPHGHDGOLQHZRXOGEHPHW ZKHUH SULRULW\ ZLOO EH DVVLJQHG EDVHG XSRQ WKH UHPDLQLQJ
 VODFNWLPHLVXVHGLQVWHDGRIXVLQJPXOWLSOHSULRULW\TXHXHVDV
'\QDPLF -L76 -L76'  ,Q -L76' WKH SDFNHW WUDQVPLVVLRQ RI 906 7KH JRYHUQLQJ HTXDWLRQ IRU WKH 7DUJHW 'HOD\ RI
WLPH IURP TXHXH LV UHVHW DW HDFK LQWHUPHGLDWH QRGH RI D VFKHGXOHULVJLYHQDVIROORZV
IRUZDUGLQJSDWKZLWKWKHLUORFDOYDOXHVDVIROORZV 
 ሺே௅ோௌ்ିாா்஽ሻ
ሺሺ஽௘௔ௗ௟௜௡௘ିா௟௔௣௦௘ௗ௧௜௠௘ሻିாா்஽ሻ 7DUJHW'HOD\ൌ ǤȽ
7DUJHW'HOD\  Į ஽௜௦௧௔௡௖௘ሺ௑ǡ௦௜௡௞ሻ
஽௜௦௧௔௡௖௘ሺ௫ǡ஽ሻ

 ൌʹିா் Ǥ
:KHUH  'HDGOLQH  (ODSVHG WLPH LV WKH UHPDLQLQJ VODFN WLPH 
'LVWDQFH [ ' LV GLVWDQFH EHWZHHQ SUHVHQW QRGH [ WR WKH 1/567LV1RQ/LQHDU5HPDLQLQJ6ODFN7LPH
GHVWLQDWLRQ ' 7KHUHIRUH -L76 LV UHDGMXVWLQJ WKH SULRULW\ RI (7 (ODSVHG7LPH
SDFNHWVFRQWLQXRXVO\DWHDFKQRGHWRPHHWWKHLUGHDGOLQHV 567 5HPDLQLQJ6ODFN7LPH
 Į 6DIHW\0DUJLQ
1RQ/LQHDU -L76 -L761/ ,Q -L761/ WDUJHW GHOD\ LV VHW ((7'  (VWLPDWHG (QGWR(QG 'HOD\ ZKLFK LV DQ HVWLPDWLRQ
QRQXQLIRUPO\DPRQJWKHLQWHUPHGLDWHQRGHVLQDIRUZDUGLQJ RIORZHUOD\HUWUDQVPLVVLRQGHOD\>@
SDWKDVIROORZV 
ሺሺ஽௘௔ௗ௟௜௡௘ିா௟௔௣௦௘ௗ௧௜௠௘ሻିாா்஽ሻ
7DUJHW'HOD\  ೝ Į
((7' ȕ
ୈ୧ୱ୲ୟ୬ୡୣሺୗ୭୳୰ୡୣǡୱ୧୬୩ሻ

బ
௢௡௘௛௢௣ௗ௜௦௧௔௡௖௘
ଶ

274 2013 3rd IEEE International Advance Computing Conference (IACC)

 :KHUH ȕ LV RQHKRS HVWLPDWHG WUDQVPLVVLRQ GHOD\ ZKLFK FDQ 7KH HIIHFWLYHQHVV RI WKH 5HDOWLPH FRPPXQLFDWLRQ LV
EH PHDVXUHG E\ SHULRGLFDOO\ PHDVXULQJ WKH WLPH EHWZHHQ WKH PHDVXUHGLQWHUPVRIWKHIROORZLQJSDUDPHWHUV
SDFNHWWUDQVPLVVLRQDQGDFNQRZOHGJHPHQW1RUPDOO\LQKHDY\ D $YHUDJH 'HOD\ 7KLV LV WKH GHOD\ H[SHULHQFHG E\ D
WUDIILF FRQGLWLRQV TXHXLQJ GHOD\ GRPLQDWHV WKH ORZHU OD\HU SDFNHWZLWKLQWKHQHWZRUNZKLFKLVDPHDVXUHRIDQ
WUDQVPLVVLRQGHOD\VRDSUHFLVHHVWLPDWLRQRI((7'LQLV HIIHFWLYHQHVVRIDVFKHGXOLQJSROLF\
QRW QHHGHG )URP WKH DERYH HTXDWLRQ  ZH FDQ FOHDUO\ VD\ E 3DFNHW 'URS 5DWLR 7KLV LV WKH PHWULF IRU WKH
WKDW WKH 7DUJHW 'HOD\ RI D SDFNHW LQ D TXHXH LV GLUHFWO\ FDOFXODWLRQRIQXPEHURISDFNHWGURSSHGDWWKHKHDG
SURSRUWLRQDO WR WKH QRQOLQHDU VODFN WLPH 6FKHGXOLQJ WKH RIWKHTXHXHZLWKLQDQHWZRUN
SDFNHWV LQ WKLV ZD\ KHOSV LQ PHHWLQJ WKHLU GHDGOLQH E\ F 3DFNHW 0LVV 5DWLR  WKH SDFNHW GHDG OLQH PLVV UDWLR
PLQLPL]LQJ WKH TXHXLQJ GHOD\ ZKLFK ZH FDQ VHH LQ WKH PHDVXUHV WKH HIIHFWLYHQHVV RI WKH 5HDOWLPH
SHUIRUPDQFHDQDO\VLVLQVXEVHTXHQWVHFWLRQ VFKHGXOLQJ SROLF\ E\ PHDVXULQJ WKH QXPEHU RI
 SDFNHWVPLVVHGWKHLUGHDGOLQH

,9 3(5)250$1&((9$/8$7,21 )LJXUHVKRZVWKDWWKHDYHUDJHTXHXLQJGHOD\H[SHULHQFHGE\
 D SDFNHW EHFDXVH RI WKH (576 DQG -L76 WR H[HPSOLI\ WKH
:H LPSOHPHQWHG ERWK WKH (576 DQG -L7V ZLWK VKRUWHVW SDWK SHUIRUPDQFHRIWZRVFKHGXOLQJDSSURDFKHV7KHDYHUDJHGHOD\
URXWLQJ E\ XVLQJ 1HWZRUN 6LPXODWRU 16  >@ 6LPXODWLRQ LQ FDVH RI WKH -L76 JURZV OLQHDUO\ ZLWK WKH GHDGOLQH ZKHUHDV
SDUDPHWHUVZHXVHGDUHDVIROORZV (576RIIHUVOHVVGHOD\FRPSDUHGWRWKH-L76
  
0DF/D\HU3URWRFRO  ,(((ZLWK   (576
-L761/
SULRULW\([WHQVLRQ  
-L76'
   -L766

7UDQVPLVVLRQ5DGLR5DQJH  P 

'DWD3DFNHW6L]H  % 

3DFNHW'URS5DWLR

%DQGZLGWK  .ESV  
 
5RXWLQJ3URWRFRO  6KRUWHVW3DWK5RXWLQJ
 
1XPEHURI6HQVRU1RGHV    
'HSOR\PHQW  *ULG 

6LPXODWLRQ$UHD 
[P 


6LPXODWLRQ7LPH  VHF  
  
)RUWKH JULGGHSOR\PHQW ZH GLYLGHG WKHFRYHUHGDUHD LQWRD  
[JULGDQGDVHQVRULVSODFHGDWWKHFHQWHURIHDFKRIWKH  
    
JULGWLOHV1RGHVSXEOLVKGDWDDWSDFNHWVSHUVHFWRWKHVLQN 
7KHVLQNLVSODFHGRQWKHQRUWKZHVWFRUQHURIWKHQHWZRUN 'HDGOLQH6HF

 
 
)LJ(576YV-L763DFNHW'URS5DWLR
 
 
    (576
(576
 -L761/  -L761/
-L76'
 -L76'   -L766
-L766
  
$YHUDJH'HOD\6HF

 
3DFNHW0LVV5DWLR


 
  
  
  
  
 
   
 
 

            
 'HDGOLQH6HF
 'HDGOLQH6HF
 
)LJ(576YV-L76$YHUDJH'HOD\
)LJ(576YV-L7V3DFNHW0LVV5DWLR

2013 3rd IEEE International Advance Computing Conference (IACC) 275

)LJXUHDQG)LJXUHVKRZVWKDWWKH(576RXWSHUIRUPV-L76
LQ DOO YHUVLRQV LQ WHUPV RI SDFNHW GURS UDWLR DQG SDFNHW PLVV
UDWLR
,9 &21&/86,21$1')8785(:25.
7KH 5HDOWLPH GDWD FRPPXQLFDWLRQLV DFKDOOHQJLQJ MREIRU D
7HFKQRORJ\ DQG $SSOLFDWLRQV 6\PSRVLXP  
6SHW
>@ ./LX1$EX*KD]DOHK.'.DQJ³-L76-XVWLQ
7LPH 6FKHGXOLQJ IRU 5HDO7LPH 6HQVRU 'DWD
'LVVHPLQDWLRQ´ 7KH )RXUWK $QQXDO ,(((
,QWHUQDWLRQDO &RQIHUHQFH RQ 3HUYDVLYH &RPSXWLQJ
ZLUHOHVVVHQVRUQHWZRUNVWKDWDUHGHSOR\HGIRUPRQLWRULQJDQG
WUDFNLQJ WKH SK\VLFDO SKHQRPHQD ZLWKLQ D VWLSXODWHG WLPH
FRQVWUDLQWVLH ZLWKLQ D(QGWR(QG GHDGOLQH 6ROXWLRQVVXFK
DV 5HDOWLPH VHQVLWLYH URXWLQJ 0$& OD\HU SURWRFROV 5HDO
WLPH SDFNHW VFKHGXOLQJ DQG FURVV OD\HU GHVLJQ DUH SURSRVHG
WKDW DLG WKH 5HDOWLPH GDWD FRPPXQLFDWLRQ LQ 57:61V $
5HDOWLPHSDFNHWVFKHGXOLQJSROLF\LVWKHRQHZKLFKGLUHFWO\
FRQWUROV WKLV TXHXLQJ GHOD\ E\ HIIHFWLYHO\ VFKHGXOLQJ WKH
DQG &RPPXQLFDWLRQV 3HU&RP  SS 

>@ +XDQ/L3UDVKDQW6KHQR\DQG.ULWKL5DPDPULWKDP
³6FKHGXOLQJ PHVVDJHV ZLWK GHDGOLQHV LQ PXOWLKRS
UHDOWLPHVHQVRUQHWZRUNV´7KHWK,(((5HDO7LPH
RQ (PEHGGHG 7HFKQRORJ\ DQG $SSOLFDWLRQV
6\PSRVLXPSS±
SDFNHWVHVSHFLDOO\XQGHUQHWZRUNRYHUORDGHGFRQGLWLRQ,QRXU >@ 2QOLQH1HWZRUN6LPXODWRU16
ZRUN ZH HOXFLGDWHG WKH LPSRUWDQFH RI WKH 5HDOWLPH KWWSQVQDPLVLHGXQVQDPLQGH[SKS0DLQB3DJH
VFKHGXOLQJIRUWKH57:61E\XVLQJZLWKH[LVWLQJVFKHGXOLQJ 
SROLFLHV DQG ZH SURSRVHG HYDOXDWHG DQ (IILFLHQW 5HDO 7LPH 
3DFNHW6FKHGXOHU(576EDVHGXSRQWKHSUHYLRXVZRUN7KH 
SURSRVHG(IILFLHQW5HDOWLPH6FKHGXOHU(576IRU5HDOWLPH
GDWD GLVVHPLQDWLRQ MXGLFLRXVO\ VFKHGXOHV WKH DOOLQFRPLQJ 
SDFNHWV DW HDFK LQWHUPHGLDWH QRGH E\ WKH GLVWULEXWLRQ RI WKH 
UHPDLQLQJVODFN WLPH QRQOLQHDUO\6LPXODWLRQ UHVXOWVVKRZHG
WKDWWKH(576RIIHUVWKHPRPHQWRXVDGYDQWDJHVRYHUH[LVWLQJ
5HDOWLPH SDFNHW VFKHGXOLQJ VFKHPHV LQ WHUPV RI DYHUDJH
GHOD\ SDFNHW GURS UDWLR DQG SDFNHW PLVV UDWLR $V D IXWXUH
ZRUN ZH ZLOO LQYHVWLJDWH WKH (576 SHUIRUPDQFH IRU GLYHUVH
URXWLQJSURWRFROVRI:61ZLWKGLYHUVHWUDIILFFRQGLWLRQV:H
ZLOOLPSOHPHQW(576DVVHQVLWLYHWRWKHTXHXLQJGHOD\LQWKH
ORZHUOD\HUVE\LQWHJUDWLRQZLWKFRQJHVWLRQFRQWUROSURWRFRO
5()(5(1&(6
>@ 6WDQNRYLF-$EGHO]DKHU7DQG/X&HWDO³5HDOWLPH
FRPPXQLFDWLRQDQGFRRUGLQDWLRQLQHPEHGGHGVHQVRU
QHWZRUNV´ LQ WKH SURFHHGLQJV RI ,(((  >&@

>@ 3UDGHHS &KHQQDNHVDYXOD -HPLPDK (EHQH]HU
6$96DW\D 0XUW\ ³5HDO7LPH 5RXWLQJ 3URWRFROV
IRU:LUHOHVV6HQVRU1HWZRUNV$6XUYH\´
,Q WKH 3URFHHGLQJV RI &RPSXWHU 6FLHQFH 
,QIRUPDWLRQ 7HFKQRORJ\ &RPSXWHU 6FLHQFH
&RQIHUHQFH&RLPEDWRUH,QGLD2FW
>@ /L < &KHQ & DQG 6RQJ < HW DO ³5HDOWLPH 4R6
VXSSRUWLQZLUHOHVVVHQVRUQHWZRUNVDVXUYH\´LQWKH
3URFHHGLQJV RI WK ,)$& ,QW &RQI RQ )LHOGEXVHV 
1HWZRUNV LQ ,QGXVWULDO  (PEHGGHG 6\VWHPV
)(7¶>&@7RXORXVH)UDQFH1RY
>@ 0XMGDW6R\WXUN+DOLO&LFLEDVDQG2PHU8QDO³5HDO
7LPH'DWD$FTXLVLWLRQLQ:LUHOHVV6HQVRU1HWZRUNV´
IURP WKH ERRN ³ 'DWD ZDUHKRXVLQJ´  ,Q7HFK RSHQ
DFFHVVSXEOLVKHU
>@ &KHQ\DQJ /X %ULDQ 0 %OXP 7DUHN ) $EGHO]DKHU
-RKQ $ 6WDQNRYLF DQG 7LDQ +H 5$3 $ UHDOWLPH
FRPPXQLFDWLRQ DUFKLWHFWXUH IRU ODUJHVFDOH ZLUHOHVV
VHQVRU QHWZRUNV 5HDO7LPH DQG (PEHGGHG

276 2013 3rd IEEE International Advance Computing Conference (IACC)