‫‪ ‬‬

‫اﳊﺪﻳﻘ ِﺔ ﺑ ِ ْﺌ ٌﺮ؟‬
‫ِ‬ ‫ﻮﺟ ُﺪ ﻓﻲ ﻫﺬ ِه‬
‫ِﳌ َﺎ َذا ﻻَ ﺗُ َ‬
‫ﺑﻴﻊ؟‬
‫اﻟﺮ ُ‬
‫ﻮن ّ‬
‫َﻣ َﺘﻰ ﻳَﻜُ ُ‬
‫ﺎت‬ ‫ﺎت أ َ ُﺧﻮكَ ﻧَﺎﺋِﻤﺎ ً‪ْ ،‬‬
‫أم ﺑ َ َ‬ ‫َﻫ ْﻞ ﺑ َ َ‬
‫َﻣﺮِﻳﻀﺎ ً؟‬

‫ب ِﻣ ْﻦ َﻣﺎ ِء ّ‬
‫اﻟﻨﻬﺮِ‬ ‫ﺸﺮَ ُ‬‫ﻳﻘﻲ ﻳ َ ْ‬‫ﺻ ِﺪ ِ‬ ‫ﻇﻞﱠ َ‬
‫َ‬
‫‪           ‬‬
‫‪‬‬ ‫‪‬‬ ‫ب اﻟﻐﺎﺑ ِﺔ‬
‫أﺧﺎكَ‬
‫ﺮ‬ ‫ﻗ‬ ‫ﺪ‬ ‫ﻮﺟ‬
‫ُ َ ُ ُْ َ‬ ‫ﻳ‬
‫ﻫﺬا ﱢ‬
‫ّﺬي‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ‫ا‬

‫ُﺸ ﱠﺒ َﻬ ُﺔ ﺑ ِ‬ ‫ﺲ َ‬‫اﻟﻄ ْﻔﻞُ ﻟ َْﻴ َ‬

‫ِﺎﻟﻔ ْﻌﻞِ‬ ‫ف اﳌ َ‬ ‫اﻟﺸﺮُوع؛ ْ‬
‫اﻷﺣﺮُ ُ‬ ‫أﻓ َﻌﺎلُ اﳌ َُﻘﺎرَﺑ َ ِﺔ َو ّ‬
‫اﻟﺮﺟﺎ ِء َو ﱡ‬ ‫ْ‬
‫اﻟﺰ ْر ُع ﺗِ ْﺒﻨﺎ ً‬
‫ﺢ ّ‬ ‫أﺻ َﺒ َ‬
‫ْ‬
‫أوﻻ‪ :‬أﻓﻌﺎلُ اﳌ َُﻘﺎرﺑ َ ِﺔ‪:‬‬
‫ّ‬ ‫ﺲ ِﻓ َ‬
‫ﻴﻬﺎ ﺑ َ ْﺮ ٌد‪،‬‬ ‫ﺎم َﺣﺎر ﱠ ٌة‪ ،‬ﻟ َْﻴ َ‬ ‫َﻫ ِﺬ ِه ّ‬
‫اﻷﻳ ُ‬
‫ِﻳﺢ َﻋ ِ‬
‫ﺎﺻ َﻔ ٌﺔ‪.‬‬ ‫ٌ‬ ‫ر‬ ‫ﺎ‬‫ﻴﻬ‬
‫َ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ﻓ‬ ‫ﻟ َِﻜ ْﻦ‬
‫ﻂ ِﻓﻲ اﻟ ِﺒ ْﺌﺮِ‬
‫ﺴ ُﻘ ُ‬
‫س ﻳَ ْ‬
‫اﻟﻔﺮَ ُ‬
‫ﺎد َ‬‫ﻛَ َ‬ ‫ﺋﺰﮔﻞ وﻳﻴﺲ اد ﻳﻀﺮ ْغ واﻧﻮ‬ ‫)‪(1‬‬
‫ﻚ َﻏ َﻨ َﻤ ُﻬ ْﻢ‬ ‫ْﺞ ﻳُ ْﻬﻠِ ُ‬
‫ﺎد اﻟ ﱠﺜﻠ ُ‬
‫ﻛَ َ‬ ‫ﺋﺰﮔﻞ ودﻓﻞ اد ﻳﻨﻎ وﻟّﻲ ّﻧﺴﻦ‬ ‫)‪(2‬‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ُﻔﺮدات‪ُ ،‬ﻣﺮَﻛﱢ ﺰا ً ﻋﻠَﻰ‬ ‫روس وﻗﻮاﺋ ِ ِ‬
‫ﻢ اﳌ‬ ‫اﻟﺪ ِ‬‫اﻟ ّﺘﻤﺮﻳﻦ اﻟﺜّﺎﻟﺚ‪ :‬ﺗﺎﺑ ِْﻊ ُﻣﺮاﺟﻌ َﺔ ّ‬
‫ﺷ ْﻴﺌﺎ ً‬ ‫َﻢ َ‬ ‫ﺟﺪﻳﺪ ٌة ﺑﻮﺳــﺎﺋﻠﻚ‬ ‫ﻔﺮدات‬ ‫ﻣ‬‫أن َ َ َ ُ‬
‫ّﻢ‬‫ﻠ‬ ‫ﻌ‬ ‫ﺗﺘ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﻘﺪا ً‪َ ،‬و َﺣﺎوِلْ ْ‬
‫ّ‬ ‫ﺻ ْﻌﺒﺎ ً ْأو‬
‫َﻣــﺎ ﺗَ ْﻌ َﺘﺒِﺮُ ُه َ‬
‫ﺎد ﻳ َ ْﻌﻠ ُ‬
‫اﻟﺮ ُﺟﻞُ ﻻَ ﻳَﻜَ ُ‬
‫َﻫ َﺬا ّ‬ ‫ﻳﺴﲔ ﺷﺮا‬
‫داﻣﻲ ْور ّ‬
‫أرﮔﺎز و ّ‬ ‫)‪(3‬‬ ‫َ‬ ‫ٌ‬
‫اﳋﺎﺻ ِﺔ‪.‬‬
‫ّ‬
‫اﳌ ُﻼﺣﻈﺎت‪:‬‬
‫أن‪ "....‬ﻳُﻘﺎﺑِﻠ َُﻬﺎ "ﺋﻮﮔﻞ‬ ‫أن ‪َ "....‬و "ﻛَ ﺮَ َ‬
‫ب ‪ْ ....‬‬ ‫ـﻚ ‪ْ ....‬‬
‫ﺷـ َ‬ ‫ﺎد ‪َ ".... ....‬و ْ‬
‫"أو َ‬ ‫أ‪" -‬ﻛَ َ‬
‫‪ ....‬اد ‪."....‬‬
‫ﻲ ِﻋﺒﺎر َ ٌة َﻋ ْﻦ َﺣ ْﺮف‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ﺎد ‪ ".... ....‬ﻳُﻘﺎﺑِﻠ َُﻬﺎ "‪ّ ....‬‬
‫داﻣﻲ ْور ‪ "....‬اﻟّﺘﻲ ﻫ َ‬ ‫ب‪" -‬ﻻَ ﻳَﻜَ ُ‬
‫أن ِ‬
‫اﻟﻔ ْﻌﻞَ ُﻫ َﻮ‬ ‫"داﻣﻲ ْور" ﱠ‬ ‫ﺼﻮﺻﻴﺎت ّ‬ ‫ّ‬ ‫"أﻣــﻲ" َو "ؤر"‪َ .‬و ِﻣ ْﻦ ُﺧ‬ ‫ـﺐ ِﻣ ْﻦ "د" َو ّ‬ ‫ُﻣﺮَﻛّ ـ ٍ‬
‫ﻳﺴﲔ‬ ‫ّ ْ ّ‬‫ر‬‫و‬ ‫ﻲ‬ ‫داﻣ‬ ‫‪:‬‬ ‫ﻮلُ‬ ‫ﻘ‬ ‫ﺗ‬
‫ْ َ ُ‬‫أو‬ ‫ﺷـ‬
‫ـﺮا"‬ ‫ـﲔ‬‫ـ‬ ‫ﻳﺴ‬ ‫ّ ْ ّ‬‫ر‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﻲ‬ ‫داﻣ‬ ‫و‬ ‫"أرﻛﺎز‬ ‫‪:‬‬ ‫ﻮلُ‬‫ﻘ‬‫اﻟ ِّﺬي ﻳَﻠِ َ َ ُ‬
‫ﺗ‬ ‫ﺎ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻴﻬ‬
‫ﻚ‪.‬‬‫ﻚ َﻗ ْﻮلُ َﻏ ْﻴﺮِ َذﻟِ َ‬‫ﻜ ُﻨ َ‬‫ﺷﺮا ورﮔﺎز و" َوﻻَ ُﳝ ْ ِ‬
‫وﺧﺒﺮُ "ﺋﺰﮔﻞ"‬
‫َ‬ ‫ﺎد" وأﺧﻮاﺗﻬﺎ ِﻓ ْﻌﻞٌ ُﻣﻀﺎر ٌِع ﻓﻲ اﻟﻠﻐﺔ اﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ‪.‬‬‫ج‪َ -‬ﺧ َﺒﺮُ "ﻛَ َ‬
‫ف اﻻﺳﺘﻘﺒﺎل "أد"‪.‬‬ ‫ﻮق ﺑ َِﺤ ْﺮ ِ‬
‫ﺴ ُﺒ ٌ‬ ‫ﻣ‬ ‫ﻞٌ‬
‫َ َ ْ‬ ‫ﺴﺘﻘﺒ‬ ‫ﻣ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ﻓﻲ اﻷﻣﺎزﻳﻐﻴﺔ ْ ُ‬
‫ﻞٌ‬‫ﻌ‬‫ﻓ‬

‫اﻟﺮﺟﺎءِ‪:‬‬
‫ﺛﺎﻧﻴﺎ‪ :‬أﻓﻌﺎلُ ّ‬

‫‪201‬‬ ‫‪200‬‬
 ‫‪ ‬‬
‫"داﻣــﻲ ْﻳﮕﺎ" )أﺻﻞ‬
‫ّ‬ ‫ـﺪ؛ ﻳُﻘﺎﺑِﻠ ُُﻪ‬
‫ـﺒﻴﻪ اﳌ ُ َﺆﻛّ ـ َ‬
‫اﻟﺘﺸـ َ‬
‫ـﺪ ّ‬
‫ف ﻳُﻔﻴـ ُ‬‫ـﺮ ٌ‬‫ﺄن" َﺣـ ْ‬
‫أ‪" -‬ﻛَ ﱠ‬ ‫ﱡ‬
‫ﻄﺮا ً‬
‫أن ﻳُ ْﻨﺰِلَ َﻣ َ‬‫ﺴﻰ اﷲ ْ‬
‫َﻋ َ‬
‫ﺎن"(‪.‬‬
‫َ‬ ‫ﻛَ‬ ‫ﺄن‬
‫ﻣﻌﻨﺎه‪" :‬ﻛَ ْ‬
‫ُ‬ ‫ﻳﮕﻮﺗﻦ‬
‫رﺑﻲ اد ﻳﺴﻀﺮ اﻧﮋار ّ‬
‫ﺑﺎر ّ‬ ‫)‪(1‬‬
‫َﻏﺰِﻳﺮ ًا‬
‫ﻘﺎﺑﻠﻪ ﻓﻲ اﻷﻣﺎزﻳﻐﻴــﺔ "أواﮔّ ﻮﻓﺎن"‬
‫ُ‬ ‫اﻟﺘ َﻤ ﱢﻨــﻲ؛ ﻳُ‬
‫ﻔﻴﺪ ّ‬
‫ـﺮف ﻳُ ُ‬ ‫ـﺖ" ﺣـ ٌ‬‫ب‪" -‬ﻟ َْﻴـ َ‬ ‫اد‪َ ،‬ﺣﺮَى‬
‫اﻟﺪ َو َ‬
‫ِﻳﺾ َﻫ َﺬا ﱠ‬‫ﻧَﺎوِلْ اﳌَﺮ َ‬ ‫وش ي ْوﻣﻮﺿﲔ اﺳﺎﻓﺎر و‪ ،‬ﺑﺎر‬
‫ﻘﺎﺑﻠﻪ "أﻣﺮ"‪.‬‬
‫ُ‬ ‫ُ‬ ‫وﻳ‬ ‫ﺪ‬‫ﻣﻌﺎﻧﻪ َ َ ْ َ َ َ‬
‫ﺟ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﻦ‬‫ﻣ‬ ‫ﺎ‬‫"ﻳ‬ ‫ُ‬ ‫)أﺻﻞُ‬ ‫ﺸ َﻔﻰ‬ ‫ﻳ‬ ‫أن‬ ‫ﻳﺠﻲ‬
‫)‪(2‬‬
‫اد ّ‬
‫"(‪.‬‬ ‫‪:‬‬ ‫ْ ُ ْ‬
‫ﺴﲍ" )اﳌ َْﻌ َﻨﻰ اﻷﺻﻠِﻲ‪":‬ﻳَﺎ َﻣ ْﻦ‬ ‫ﻮﻣﻪ "أواﮔّ ّ‬ ‫ﻔﻬ ُ‬ ‫ﺷ ْﻌﺮِي" ﻳُ َﺆ ﱢدي َﻣ ُ‬ ‫ﺖ ِ‬ ‫ج‪" -‬ﻟ َْﻴ َ‬
‫َﻋﻠِ َ‬
‫ﻢ" (‪.‬‬ ‫اﻟﺮﺟﺎ ِء ّ‬
‫واﻟﺘﻤ ﱢﻨﻲ‬ ‫ﺴﻰ" َو َ‬
‫"ﺣﺮَى" أدا ُة ّ‬ ‫"ﻋ َ‬ ‫اﳌﻼﺣﻈﺔ‪ :‬ﻳُﻘﺎﺑ ِﻞُ ِﻓ ْﻌﻠَﻲ ّ‬
‫اﻟﺮﺟﺎء َ‬
‫"ﺑﺎر"‪.‬‬
‫ﺎق َواﳊ ََﺬر َ‪.‬‬
‫ـﻔ َ‬
‫اﻻﺷـ َ‬
‫ْ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﺮَ ﱢﺟــﻲ‪ ،‬أ ِو‬
‫ﻔﻴﺪ ّ‬ ‫ﺎن ﻳُ ُ‬ ‫ـﻪ "ﺑــﺎر" ْ‬
‫إن ﻛَ َ‬ ‫د‪" -‬ﻟ ََﻌــﻞﱠ " ﻳُﻘﺎﺑِﻠُـ ُ‬
‫واﻟﺘ َﻮ ﱡﻗ َﻊ‪.‬‬
‫اﻟﻈ ﱠﻦ ّ‬ ‫ﻔﻴﺪ ﱠ‬
‫ﺎن ﻳُ ُ‬ ‫إن ﻛَ َ‬ ‫وﻳُﻘﺎﺑِﻠ ُُﻪ "ﺷﺒﻲ" ْ‬ ‫وع‪:‬‬
‫اﻟﺸﺮُ ِ‬
‫ﺛﺎﻟﺜﺎ‪ :‬أﻓﻌﺎلُ ّ‬
‫ﺧﺎﻣﺴﺎ‪َ :‬ﻣﺎ ﻳُﻘﺎﺑ ِﻞُ "ﻻ ََم َﺟﻮابِ ﻟ َْﻮ َوﻟ َْﻮﻻَ"‪:‬‬ ‫ﺎه‪.‬‬
‫أﺧ ُ‬
‫ِب َ‬ ‫أ َ َﺧ َﺬ ﻳ َ ْ‬
‫ﻀﺮ ُ‬ ‫ﻳﻜﺎت وﻣﺎس‬
‫ﻳﻮﻣﮋ ار ّ‬ ‫)‪(1‬‬
‫ﻢ‪.‬‬
‫ﻄ ُﻊ اﻟﻠ ّْﺤ َ‬ ‫ﺑ َ َﺪأ ﻳ َ ْﻘ َ‬ ‫ﻳﺘﺒﻲ اﻛﺴﻮم‬
‫ﺋﺪم ار ّ‬
‫ّ‬ ‫)‪(2‬‬
‫ت‪.‬‬
‫َﺼ ْﺪ َ‬
‫ﺖﳊ َ‬
‫ﻟ َْﻮ َﺣﺮَ ْﺛ َ‬ ‫ﻣﺮ ﺗﻜﺮﻳﺰت ﺗﺎﻟﻲ ﲤﮕﺮت‬ ‫)‪(1‬‬
‫ﺴ ﱡﺒ ُﻬ ْﻢ‪.‬‬‫ﺎم ﻳ َ ُ‬
‫َﻗ َ‬ ‫ﺋﻨﻜﺮ ار ﺗﻦ ﻳﺮﮔّ ﻢ‬ ‫)‪(3‬‬
‫اﻟﺰ ْر ُع‪.‬‬
‫ِﺲ ّ‬‫ﺚ ﻟ ََﻴﺒ َ‬
‫اﻟﻐ ْﻴ ُ‬
‫ﻟ َْﻮﻻَ َ‬ ‫ﻣﺮﻳﺪ ي ْوﻧﮋار ﺗﺎﻟﻲ ْﻳ ّﻘﻮر ﳝﻨﺪي‬ ‫اﻷﺷ َﻌﺎر َ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺐ ﻳ َ ُﻘﻮلُ‬
‫ّ‬ ‫ْ‬ ‫َﻫ ﱠ‬ ‫ﻻ ْﻳ ّﺘﻴﻨﻲ ْﻳﺰﻻن‬
‫ﺋﻜﺮ ّ‬
‫ّ‬
‫)‪(2‬‬ ‫)‪(4‬‬
‫"ﻣﺮﻳﺪ ي ﺗﺎﻻ ْوﮔﺎدﻳﺮ ﺗﻴﻠﻲ ْور‬
‫ّ‬ ‫ﲔ‪.‬‬
‫اﻟﺘ َ‬
‫ِس ﱢ‬
‫ﺻﺎر َ ﻳ َ ْﻐﺮ ُ‬‫َ‬ ‫ﺋﻘﻴﻢ ار ﻳﺘ ّﮋو ﺗﺎزارت‬
‫ّ‬ ‫)‪(5‬‬
‫َ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫"ﻟَﻮﻻَ ﻧﺒﻊ اﻟﺘﻠْﻌ ِ‬
‫ﺔ َﳌﺎ َ ﺣﻴِﻴﻨﺎ")‪(1‬‬
‫ﱠ َ‬ ‫َُ ُ‬ ‫ْ‬ ‫)‪(3‬‬
‫ﻧﺪﻳﺮ‬
‫ّ‬
‫ﺗﺎم‪.‬‬ ‫ﺮوع ﺗَ َﻘﺎﺑُﻞٌ ِ‬
‫ﺷ ْﺒﻪ ّ‬ ‫اﻟﺸ ِ‬
‫ﱡ‬ ‫اﳌ ُﻼﺣﻈﺔ‪َ ْ :‬‬
‫ﺑﲔ أﻓﻌﺎلِ‬
‫اﳌ ُﻼﺣﻈـﺔ‪ :‬ﻻ َُم ﺟﻮابِ ﻟ َْــﻮ َو ﻟَـ ْ‬
‫ـﻮﻻَ ﻳُﻘﺎﺑِﻠُﻬﺎ ﻓﻲ اﻷﻣﺎزﻳﻐﻴــﺔ "ﺗﺎﻟﻲ" َو‬
‫"ﺗﻴﻠﻲ"‪.‬‬ ‫ﺄن" َو "ﻟ ََﻌﻞﱠ " َو "ﻟ َْﻴ َ‬
‫ﺖ"‪:‬‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﻔﻌﻞِ "ﻛَ ﱠ‬
‫ْ‬ ‫ُﺸﺒﻬ َﺔ‬
‫راﺑﻌﺎ‪ :‬ﻣﺎ ﻳُﻘﺎﺑ ِﻞُ اﻷﺣﺮُف اﳌ ّ‬
‫ْﻢ ﻧُﻮر ٌ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺄن ِ‬
‫اﻟﻌﻠ َ‬ ‫ﻛَ ﱠ‬ ‫داﻣﻲ ﺗﮕﺎ ﺗﻴﻔﺎوت‬
‫ﺗﺎﻣﻮﺳﻨﻲ ّ‬ ‫)‪(1‬‬
‫ﻮد‪.‬‬
‫ﺎب ﻳ َ ُﻌ ُ‬
‫اﻟﺸ َﺒ َ‬
‫ﺖ ﱠ‬ ‫ﻟ َْﻴ َ‬ ‫أواﮔّ ﻮﻓﺎن ﲤﮋي اد ّد ﺗﺎﻏﻮل‬ ‫)‪(2‬‬
‫ﺖ ﻟِﻲ َﻣﺎﻻً ﻛَ ِﺜﻴﺮا ً ‪....‬‬
‫ﻟ َْﻴ َ‬ ‫أﻣﺮ ﻏﻮري ْاﻳﻼ ْﻳ ّﮕﻮﺗﻦ ‪....‬‬ ‫)‪(3‬‬
‫ﺷ ْﻌﺮِي َﻫ ْﻞ ﺗَﺰُولُ‬ ‫ﺖ ِ‬
‫ﻟ َْﻴ َ‬ ‫ﺴﲍ ﻣﺎد اد ﻛّ ﺴﻨﺖ‬
‫أواﮔّ ّ‬ ‫)‪(4‬‬
‫ﺎت!‬
‫َ ُ‬‫ُﻤ‬ ‫ﻠ‬‫اﻟﻈ‬
‫ّ‬ ‫ﺗﻴﻼّس !‬
‫ِ‬
‫ﻳﻖ َﻗﺎد ٌم َﻏﺪا ً‪.‬‬‫اﻟﺼ ِﺪ َ‬
‫ﱠ‬ ‫ﻟ ََﻌﻞﱠ‬ ‫اﻣﺪاﻛﱡ ﻞ اد ّد ﻳﺎس ازﻛّ ﺎ‬
‫ﺑﺎر ّ‬ ‫)‪(5‬‬
‫ﻠﻌــ ِﺔ )أﮔﺎدﻳﺮ( ْ‬
‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫وﺑﺎﻟﺘ َ‬
‫ّ‬ ‫ـﺪي‪،‬‬ ‫)‪ (1‬ﻣﺜــﻞٌ أﻣﺎزﻳﻐــﻲ ﻳُ ْﻜ َﻨﻰ ﻓﻴ ِﻪ ّ‬
‫ﺑﺎﻟﻨﺒــﻊ )ﺗﺎﻻ( ﻋﻦ اﻟ ّﺜـ ِ‬
‫ﻓﻀﻞٍ‬
‫ﻣﻦ ْ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ﻟﻠﻮاﻟﺪات ْ‬ ‫ﻟﻸﻣﻬـ ِ‬
‫ـﺎت وﺗﻨﺒﻴﻬﺎ ً ﻟﻸﺑﻨﺎ ِء إﻟَﻰ ﻣﺎ‬ ‫ﺘﻤ ّﺜﻞُ ﺑ ِ ِﻪ ﺗﻜﺮﳝﺎ ً ّ‬
‫ﺎس‪.‬‬ ‫ﺳﺄ َ ْذ َﻫ ُ‬
‫ﺐ إﻟَﻰ َﻓ َ‬ ‫ﻟ ََﻌﻠﱢﻲ َ‬ ‫ﺷﺒﻲ دا د ّدوخ ﻏﺮ ﻓﺎس‬ ‫)‪(6‬‬
‫اﻷم‪ .‬ﻳُ َ‬
‫ﺻــﺪر ِ ﱢ‬
‫ﻋﻠﻴﻬِ ْﻢ‪.‬‬
‫اﳌ ُﻼﺣﻈﺎت‪:‬‬

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‫اﻟ ّﺘﻤﺎرﻳﻦ‬

‫ﺛﻼث ُﺟﻤﻞٍ ِﻣ ْﻦ "ﺋﺰﮔﻞ‪ ....‬اد‪َ "...‬و ُﺟﻤﻠﺔ واﺣﺪة ِﻣ ْﻦ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫ﱢﻒ‬‫اﻷول‪ :‬أﻟ ْ‬
‫اﻟ ّﺘﻤﺮﻳﻦ ّ‬
‫داﻣــﻲ ْور ‪َ ".....‬و ُﺟﻤﻠﺘﲔ ِﻣ ْﻦ "ﻳﻮﻣــﮋ ار ‪َ "....‬و ُﺟﻤﻠﺘﲔ ِﻣ ْﻦ "أواﮔّ ﻮﻓﺎن ‪"....‬‬ ‫"‪ّ ....‬‬
‫داﻣﻲ ْﻳﮕﺎ ‪ ."....‬وﺗﺮﺟﻢ اﻟﻜﻞﱠ‬‫ّ‬ ‫"‪....‬‬ ‫ﻦ‬
‫ْ‬ ‫ﻣ‬‫ِ‬ ‫ﻤﻠﺘﲔ‬ ‫ﺟ‬‫َ ُ‬ ‫و‬ ‫‪"....‬‬ ‫ﲍ‬ ‫ﺴ‬‫ّ‬ ‫"أواﮔّ‬ ‫ﻦ‬‫ْ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ﻣ‬ ‫ﻤﻠﺘﲔ‬‫َو ُﺟ‬
‫إﻟﻰ اﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ‪.‬‬

‫‪           ‬‬

‫‪‬‬ ‫‪‬‬ ‫ﺛﻢ‬
‫"ﺋﻜﺮ ار ‪ ،"....‬ﱠ‬‫ﺛﻢ ِﻣ ْﻦ ّ‬‫ﺛﻼث ُﺟﻤﻞٍ ِﻣ ْﻦ "ﺑﺎر ‪ ،"....‬ﱠ‬‫َ‬ ‫اﻟ ّﺘﻤﺮﻳﻦ اﻟﺜّﺎﻧﻲ‪ :‬ﻛَ ﱢﻮ ْن‬
‫ﻢ‬ ‫ﺟِ‬
‫َْ ِ‬ ‫ﺮ‬ ‫وﺗ‬ ‫ﺗﺎﻟﻲ‬ ‫ي‬ ‫"ﻣﺮﻳﺪ‬
‫ّ‬ ‫ﻦ‬ ‫ﻣ‬
‫ﱠ ْ‬‫ِ‬ ‫ﺛﻢ‬ ‫‪،"....‬‬ ‫"أﻣﺮ‬ ‫ﺛﻢ ِﻣ ْﻦ‬‫ِﻣ ْﻦ "ﺷﺒﻲ د اد ‪ ،"....‬ﱠ‬
‫اﻷﻋ َﺪا ِد َواﻟﻜُ ُ‬
‫ﺴﻮر ِ‬ ‫‪."....‬‬ ‫‪....‬‬
‫ﺎء ْ‬‫أﺳ َﻤ ُ‬
‫ْ‬
‫اﻟﻜُ ﻞﱠ إﻟَﻰ اﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ‪.‬‬
‫اﻷولُ ‪:‬‬
‫اﻟﻌ ْﻘ ُﺪ ﱠ‬
‫ﺪات‪َ ،‬و َ‬ ‫أوﻻ‪َ :‬‬
‫اﻟﻮ َﺣ ُ‬ ‫ّ‬
‫اﻟ ّﺘﻤﺮﻳﻦ اﻟﺜّﺎﻟﺚ‪َ :‬ﺣ ّﺮ ْر إﻧﺸـ ً‬
‫ـﺎء ﺑﺎﻷﻣﺎزﻳﻐﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻓﻲ ﻣﻮﺿﻮع ِﻣ ْﻦ اﺧﺘﻴﺎر ِكَ ‪،‬‬
‫ﻳﻮت‪/‬ﻳﺎت‪/‬ﺋﺸﺖ‬ ‫ﻳﻮن‪/‬ﻳﺎن‪/‬ﻳﺪج‬ ‫ﺮﻳﻦ ﺳﻄﺮا ً‪.‬‬ ‫ﺸ َ‬ ‫ﻻَ ﻳ َ ِﻘﻞﱡ َﻋ ْﻦ ِﻋ ْ‬
‫ﺑ َ َﻘﺮَ ٌة ِ‬
‫واﺣ َﺪ ٌة‬ ‫ﻢ َو ِ‬
‫اﺣ ٌﺪ‬ ‫ِد ْر َﻫ ٌ‬
‫ن ﺗﻔﻮﻧﺎﺳﺖ‬ ‫ودرﱘ‬
‫ﺳﻨﺎت ن‬
‫ﺑ َ َﻘﺮَﺗﺎ ِن ا ْﺛ َﻨ َﺘﺎ ِن‬ ‫ِد ْر َﻫﻤﺎ ِن ا ْﺛ َﻨﺎ ِن‬ ‫ﺳﲔ ﻳﺪرﳝﻦ‬
‫ﺗﻔﻮﻧﺎﺳﲔ‬
‫‪/‬ﺷﺮاط ن‬
‫ّ‬ ‫ﻛﺮاط‬
‫ّ‬ ‫ﻛﺮاض‪/‬ﺷﺮاض‬
‫ﺑﻘﺮَ ٍ‬
‫ات‬ ‫َث َ‬
‫ﺛَﻼ ُ‬ ‫ﻢ‬ ‫ﺛَﻼَﺛَ ُﺔ َدر َ ِ‬
‫اﻫ َ‬
‫ﺗﻔﻮﻧﺎﺳﲔ‬ ‫ﻳﺪرﳝﻦ‬
‫ﻛّ ﻮژت ن‬
‫ْأرﺑ َ ُﻊ ﺑ َ َﻘﺮَ ٍ‬
‫ات‬ ‫ﻢ‬ ‫ْأرﺑ َ َﻌ ُﺔ َدر َ ِ‬
‫اﻫ َ‬ ‫ﻛّ ﻮژ ﻳﺪرﳝﻦ‬
‫ﺗﻔﻮﻧﺎﺳﲔ‬
‫ﺳﻤﻮﺳﺖ ن‬
‫ّ‬
‫ﺲ ﺑ َ َﻘ ٍ‬
‫ﺮات‬ ‫َﺧ ْﻤ ُ‬ ‫ﻢ‬ ‫ﺴ ُﺔ َدر َ ِ‬
‫اﻫ َ‬ ‫َﺧ ْ ّﻤ َ‬ ‫ﺳﻤﻮس ﻳﺪرﳝﻦ‬
‫ّ‬
‫ﺗﻔﻮﻧﺎﺳﲔ‬
‫ﺳﻀﻴﺴﺖ ن‬ ‫ﺳﻀﻴﺲ‬
‫ﺖ ﺑ َ َﻘﺮَ ٍ‬
‫ات‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ﺳ ﱡ‬ ‫ﻢ‬ ‫ﺳ ﱠﺘ ُﺔ َدر َ ِ‬
‫اﻫ َ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ﺗﻔﻮﻧﺎﺳﲔ‬ ‫ﻳﺪرﳝﻦ‬
‫ﺳﺎت ن‬
‫ّ‬
‫ﺳ ْﺒ ُﻊ ﺑ َ َﻘﺮَ ٍ‬
‫ات‬ ‫َ‬ ‫ﻢ‬ ‫ﺳ ْﺒ َﻌ ُﺔ َدر َ ِ‬
‫اﻫ َ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫ﺳﺎ ْﻳﺪرﳝﻦ‬
‫ّ‬
‫ﺗﻔﻮﻧﺎﺳﲔ‬
‫ّﺗﺎﻣﺖ ن‬
‫ﺛَ َﻤﺎﻧِﻲ ﺑ َ َﻘﺮَ ٍ‬
‫ات‬ ‫ﻢ‬ ‫ﺛَ َﻤﺎﻧ ِ َﻴ ُﺔ َدر َ ِ‬
‫اﻫ َ‬ ‫ّﺗﺎم ﻳﺪرﳝﻦ‬
‫ﺗﻔﻮﻧﺎﺳﲔ‬

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‫ﻛّ ﻮﻣﺮاوت ن‬ ‫ﺗﮋات ن‬

‫أرﺑﻌﻮن ﺑﻘﺮة‬ ‫درﻫﻤﺎ ً‬
‫أرﺑﻌﻮن َ‬ ‫ﻛّ ﻮﻣﺮاو ْﻳﺪرﳝﻦ‬ ‫ﺴ ُﻊ ﺑ َ َﻘﺮَ ٍ‬
‫ات‬ ‫ﺗِ ْ‬ ‫ﻢ‬ ‫ﺴ َﻌ ُﺔ َدر َ ِ‬
‫اﻫ َ‬ ‫ﺗِ ْ‬ ‫ﺗﮋا ْﻳﺪرﳝﻦ‬
‫ﺗﻔﻮﻧﺎﺳﲔ‬ ‫ﺗﻔﻮﻧﺎﺳﲔ‬
‫ﺳﻤﻮﻣﺮاوت ن‬
‫ّ‬ ‫ﺧﻤﺴﻮن‬ ‫ﺳﻤﻮﻣﺮاو‬
‫ّ‬ ‫ﻣﺮاوت ن‬
‫ﺧﻤﺴﻮن ﺑﻘﺮة‬ ‫ﺸﺮُ ﺑ َ َﻘﺮَ ٍ‬
‫ات‬ ‫َﻋ ْ‬ ‫ﻢ‬ ‫ﺸﺮَ ُة َدر َ ِ‬
‫اﻫ َ‬ ‫َﻋ َ‬ ‫ﻣﺮاو ْﻳﺪرﳝﻦ‬
‫ﺗﻔﻮﻧﺎﺳﲔ‬ ‫درﻫﻤﺎ ً‬
‫َ‬ ‫ْﻳﺪرﳝﻦ‬ ‫ﺗﻔﻮﻧﺎﺳﲔ‬
‫ﺳﻀﻴﻤﺮاوت ن‬ ‫ﺳﻀﻴﻤﺮاو‬
‫ﺳﺘﻮن ﺑﻘﺮة‬
‫ّ‬ ‫درﻫﻤﺎ ً‬
‫ﺳﺘﻮن َ‬
‫ّ‬ ‫اﳌ ُﻼﺣﻈﺎت‪:‬‬
‫ﺗﻔﻮﻧﺎﺳﲔ‬ ‫ْﻳﺪرﳝﻦ‬
‫ﺳﺎﻣﺮاوت ن‬
‫ّ‬ ‫"واﺣﺪ" ﻳُﻘﺎﺑِﻠ ُُﻪ "ﻳﻮن" أو "ﻳﺎن" أو "ﺋﺪج"‪َ .‬و َﻗ ْﺪ ﻳُ َ‬
‫ﻨﻄ ُﻖ َﻫ َﺬا اﻷﺧﻴﺮُ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﺪ ُد َ‬
‫َ‬ ‫أ‪-‬‬
‫ﺳﺒﻌﻮن ﺑﻘﺮة‬ ‫درﻫﻤﺎ ً‬
‫ﺳﺒﻌﻮن َ‬ ‫ﺳﺎﻣﺮاو ْﻳﺪرﳝﻦ‬
‫ّ‬
‫ﺗﻔﻮﻧﺎﺳﲔ‬ ‫ـﻲ ﻧُﻮن اﻹﺿﺎﻓ ِﺔ إﻟَﻰ‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫ﻫ‬‫إﳕﺎ َ ِ‬
‫ّ‬ ‫ﺔ؛‬ ‫أﺻﻠﻴ‬ ‫ـﺖ‬ ‫ـ‬‫ﺴ‬‫َﻴ‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ‫ﻮن‬‫اﻟﻨ‬ ‫ﻷن‬ ‫ﺄ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺧﻄ‬
‫َ‬ ‫ﻮ‬ ‫ﻫ‬ ‫و‬ ‫"ﺋﺪﺟـ‬
‫َ‬ ‫ّ‬ ‫ﱠ ّ َ ْ َ ْ‬ ‫َ ُ َ‬ ‫ـﻦ"‬
‫ّﺗﺎﻣﺮاوت ن‬ ‫ﻓﻴﻘﺎﺑِﻠ َُﻬﺎ "ﻳﻮت" ْأو "ﻳﺎت" ْأو "ﺋﺸﺖ"‪.‬‬ ‫ُ‬ ‫"‬ ‫ة‬
‫ٌ‬ ‫"واﺣﺪ‬ ‫أﻣﺎ‬‫اﳌﻌﺪود‪ .‬ﱠ‬
‫ُ‬
‫ﺛﻤﺎﻧﻮن ﺑﻘﺮة‬ ‫درﻫﻤﺎ ً‬
‫ﺛﻤﺎﻧﻮن َ‬ ‫ّﺗﺎﻣﺮاو ْﻳﺪرﳝﻦ‬
‫ﺗﻔﻮﻧﺎﺳﲔ‬
‫ﻼث‬‫ب‪" -‬إﺛَ َﻨﺎنِ" = ﺳﲔ‪ - .‬ا ْﺛ َﻨ َﺘﺎ ِن = ﺳﻨﺎت‪ - .‬ﺛﻼﺛﺔ = ﻛﺮاض‪/‬ﺷﺮاض‪ -.‬ﺛَ ٌ‬
‫ژاﻣﺮاوت ن‬ ‫اﻟﻀﺎ ِد‪،‬‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ﺗﺴﻌﻮن ﺑﻘﺮة‬ ‫درﻫﻤﺎ ً‬
‫ﺗﺴﻌﻮن َ‬ ‫ژاﻣﺮاو ْﻳﺪرﳝﻦ‬ ‫ﻷﻧ ُﻪ‬
‫ﻃﺎء ّ‬
‫ً‬ ‫ﺎد‬
‫اﻟﻀ ُ‬
‫َﺐ ّ‬ ‫ﻓﺎﻧﻘﻠ َ‬
‫َ‬ ‫ﺄﻧﻴﺚ ﻓﻲ ّ‬ ‫اﻟﺘ‬
‫ﺗﺎء ّ‬‫ﺖ ُ‬ ‫)أد ِﻏ َﻤ ْ‬
‫‪/‬ﺷﺮاط ْ‬
‫ّ‬ ‫ﻛﺮاط‬
‫ّ‬ ‫=‬
‫ﺗﻔﻮﻧﺎﺳﲔ‬ ‫ﻒ(‪.‬‬ ‫ﻌ‬‫ﺿ‬
‫ُ ﱢ َ‬
‫ﺗﺎﻣﻴﻀﻲ ن‬ ‫ﺗﺎﻣﻴﻀﻲ‬
‫ِﻣﺎﺋﺔ ﺑﻘﺮ ٍة‬ ‫ﻢ‬ ‫ِﻣﺎﺋﺔ َ‬
‫درﻫ ٍ‬ ‫ﺚ ﻓﻲ اﻷﻋﺪاد ِﻣ ْﻦ "ﻛّ ﻮژ = أرﺑﻌﺔ" إﻟَﻰ "ﻣﺮاو‬ ‫واﳌﺆﻧ ِ‬
‫ّ‬ ‫ـﺮق ﺑﲔ اﳌﺬﻛّ ﺮ‬
‫ج‪ -‬اﻟﻔـ ُ‬
‫ﺗﻔﻮﻧﺎﺳﲔ‬ ‫ْﻳﺪرﳝﻦ‬
‫ِ‬
‫اﻟﺘﺄﻧﻴﺚ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺚ ﻳﻨﺘﻬﻲ ﺑﺘﺎ ِء‬ ‫اﳌﺆﻧ‬
‫ّ َ‬ ‫أن‬
‫= ﻋﺸﺮة" ﻫﻮ ّ‬
‫اﳌ ُﻼﺣﻈﺎت‪:‬‬ ‫ﻀﺎف إﻟﻰ اﳌﻌﺪود‬
‫ُ‬ ‫ﻀﺎف اﻟﻌﺪد إﻟﻰ اﳌﻌﺪود اﳌ ُﺬﻛّ ﺮ ﺑﺪون واﺳﻄﺔ‪ ،‬وﻳُ‬
‫ُ‬ ‫د‪ -‬ﻳُ‬
‫ﺣﺮف اﻹﺿﺎﻓﺔ‪.‬‬
‫ُ‬ ‫ف‬‫ﺣﺬ ُ‬
‫اﳌﺆﻧﺚ ﺑﻮاﺳﻄﺔ اﻹﺿﺎﻓﺔ )ن(؛ وﻳﺠﻮز ُ ْ‬
‫ﻣﻨﺤﻮﺗﺔ ُﻣﺮَﻛّ َﺒ ٌﺔ )راﺟﻊ ّ‬
‫اﻟﺪرس اﻟﻌﺸــﺮﻳﻦ‬ ‫ٌ‬ ‫ـﻤﺎء‬
‫أﺳـ ٌ‬‫اﻟﻌﻘﻮ ِد ْ‬
‫ـﻤﺎء ُ‬
‫أ‪ -‬أﺳـ ُ‬
‫واﻟﺘ ِ‬
‫ﺮﻛ ِ‬
‫ﻴﺐ(‪.‬‬ ‫ﺤﺖ ّ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﻨ ِ‬
‫اﳋﺎص ّ‬
‫ّ‬ ‫اﻷﻋﺪاد ِﻣ ْﻦ "ﺳــﲔ = اﺛﻨﲔ" إﻟَﻰ "ﻣﺮاو = ﻋﺸــﺮة"‬
‫ُ‬ ‫ـﺎف إﻟﻴﻪ‬
‫ه‪ -‬ﻣــﺎ ﺗُﻀـ ُ‬
‫ِ‬ ‫ﺗﺎﺑﻌﺔ ِﳌ َﺎ ُﻫ َﻮ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﻘﻮ ِد‬ ‫ﻳﻜﻮن َﺟ ْﻤﻌﺎ ً‪.‬‬
‫ﺄﻧﻴﺚ‪.‬‬‫واﻟﺘ‬
‫اﻟﺘﺬﻛﻴﺮ ّ‬‫ﺚ ّ‬ ‫ﺣﻴ ُ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﺪود ِﻣـ ْ‬
‫ـﻦ ْ‬ ‫ٌ‬ ‫ٌ‬ ‫ـﻤﺎء ُ‬
‫ب‪ -‬أﺳـ ُ‬
‫ﺚ داﺋﻤﺎ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻣﺆﻧ ٌ‬
‫ّ‬ ‫"‬ ‫ﺎﺋﺔ‬
‫ٌ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ﻣ‬ ‫=‬ ‫ﻟﻜﻦ "ﺗﺎﻣﻴﻀﻲ‬
‫ﱠ‬
‫واﳉﻤﻊ ْ‬
‫"ﺋﻤﻴﺎﺗﻦ"‪.‬‬ ‫ُ‬ ‫"أﻣﻴﺎ"؛‬ ‫اﻟﺼ ْﻔﺮُ )‪ (0‬ﻳُ َ‬
‫ﺴ ﱠﻤﻰ ْ‬ ‫إﺿﺎﻓﺔ‪ :‬ﱢ‬
‫ﻳﻜﻮن َﺟ ْﻤﻌﺎ ً‪.‬‬
‫ُ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫اﻟﻌ ْﻘﺪ‬
‫اﺳﻢ َ‬
‫ُ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ﻀﺎف إﻟﻴﻪ‬ ‫ُ‬ ‫ود اﻟّﺬي ﻳُ‬
‫َﻌﺪ ُ‬
‫ج‪ -‬اﳌ ُ‬
‫ِ‬
‫اﻟﻌﺎﺷــﺮِ َو ُﻫ َﻮ‬ ‫اﻟﻌ ْﻘ ِﺪ‬ ‫اﻟﻌ ْﻘـ ِ‬
‫ـﺪ اﻟ ّﺜﺎﻧﻲ إﻟﻰ َ‬ ‫اﻟﻌ ُﻘﻮ ِد‪ِ ،‬ﻣ ْﻦ َ‬
‫ـﻤﺎء ُ‬
‫أﺳـ ُ‬
‫ﺛﺎﻧﻴﺎ‪ْ :‬‬
‫ون" ﺗُ َ‬
‫ﺴ ّﻤﻰ ْأﻳﻀﺎ ً "أﮔﻨﺎر"‪.‬‬ ‫ﺸﺮُ َ‬ ‫إﺿﺎﻓﺔ‪ِ :‬‬
‫"ﻋ ْ‬ ‫"اﳌ ِ ُ‬
‫ﺎﺋﺔ"‪:‬‬

‫اﻟﻌ ُﻘﻮ ِد‪:‬‬

‫ﺑﲔ ُ‬‫ﺛﺎﻟﺜﺎ‪ :‬ﻣﺎ َ‬ ‫ﺳﻴﻤﺮاوت ن‬
‫ﻋﺸﺮون ﺑﻘﺮة‬ ‫درﻫﻤﺎ ً‬
‫ﻋﺸﺮون َ‬ ‫ﺳﻴﻤﺮاو ْﻳﺪرﳝﻦ‬
‫ﺗﻔﻮﻧﺎﺳﲔ‬
‫ﺸﺮَ َﻓﺮﺳﺎ ً‬
‫أﺣ َﺪ َﻋ َ‬
‫َ‬ ‫ﻳﻴﺴﺎن‬
‫ﻳﺎن د ﻣﺮاو ْ‬ ‫ﻛﺮاﻣﺮاوت ن‬
‫)‪(1‬‬ ‫ﺛﻼﺛﻮن ﺑﻘﺮة‬ ‫درﻫﻤﺎ ً‬
‫ﺛﻼﺛﻮن َ‬ ‫ﻛﺮاﻣﺮاو ْﻳﺪرﳝﻦ‬
‫ﺸﺮَ َﻓﺮﺳﺎ ً‬
‫أﺣ َﺪ َﻋ َ‬
‫َ‬ ‫ﻣﺮاو ْد ﻳﺎن وﻳﻴﺲ‬ ‫ﺗﻔﻮﻧﺎﺳﲔ‬

‫‪207‬‬ ‫‪206‬‬
 ‫‪ ‬‬
‫ﻳَ ِ‬
‫ﺼ ْﻞ اﳌِﺎﺋ َﺔ )راﺟﻊ اﻷﻣﺜﻠﺔ ﻛُ ﻠ َﱢﻬﺎ‪ِ ،‬ﻣ ْﻦ ‪ 1‬إﻟَﻰ ‪.(12‬‬ ‫ﺸﺮَ َﻓﺮﺳﺎ ً‬
‫ْأرﺑ َ َﻌ َﺔ َﻋ َ‬ ‫ﻳﻴﺴﺎن‬
‫ﻛّ ﻮژ ْد ﻣﺮاو ْ‬
‫ِ‬
‫اﻟﻮﺣﺪات‬ ‫اﻟﻌ ُﻘﻮ ِد َﻋﻠَﻰ ْ‬
‫أﺳ َﻤﺎ ِء‬ ‫ـﻤﺎء ُ‬
‫ﻘﺪ ُم أﺳـ ُ‬ ‫ـﺮﻳﻦ ﺗُ ﱠ‬
‫اﻟﻌﺸـ َ‬ ‫ﻓﻮ َق ِ‬
‫ﻓﻴﻤﺎ ْ‬
‫َ‬ ‫د‪-‬‬ ‫)‪(2‬‬
‫ﺸﺮَ َﻓﺮﺳﺎ ً‬
‫ْأرﺑ َ َﻌ َﺔ َﻋ َ‬ ‫ﻳﻴﺴﺎن‬
‫ﻣﺮاو ْد ﻛّ ﻮژ ْ‬
‫)ﺗﺄﻣﻞِ اﻷﻣﺜﻠﺔ ‪َ 7‬و ‪َ 8‬و ‪َ 9‬و ‪َ 10‬و ‪َ 11‬و ‪.(12‬‬
‫ّ‬ ‫ُو ُﺟﻮﺑﺎ ً‪.‬‬
‫ﺛَ َﻤﺎﻧ ِ َﻴ َﺔ َﻋ َ‬
‫ﺸﺮَ َﻓﺮس‬ ‫ﻳﻴﺴﺎن‬
‫ّﺗﺎم ْد ﻣﺮاو ْ‬
‫)‪(3‬‬
‫راﺑﻌﺎً‪ :‬اﳌِﺎﺋ َ ُ‬
‫ﺎت‪:‬‬ ‫ﺛَ َﻤﺎﻧ ِ َﻴ َﺔ َﻋ َ‬
‫ﺸﺮَ َﻓﺮﺳﺎ ً‬ ‫ﻳﻴﺴﺎن‬
‫ﻣﺮاو د ّﺗﺎم ْ‬
‫س‬ ‫ِﻣﺎﺋ َ ُﺔ َﻓﺮَ ٍ‬ ‫ﻳﻴﺴﺎن‬ ‫ﺸﺮَ َة َدارا‬
‫إ ِ ْﺣ َﺪى َﻋ َ‬ ‫ﺗﺎد ْروﻳﻦ‬
‫ﻳﺎت د ﻣﺮاوت ن ّ‬
‫ﺗﺎﻣﻴﻀﻲ ْ‬ ‫)‪(1‬‬
‫)‪(4‬‬
‫ِﻣﺎﺋ َ ُﺔ ﺑ َ َﻘﺮَ ٍة‪.‬‬ ‫ﺗﺎﻣﻴﻀﻲ ن ﺗﻔﻮﻧﺎﺳﲔ‬ ‫ﺸﺮَ َة َدارا ً‬
‫إ ِ ْﺣ َﺪى َﻋ َ‬ ‫ﺗﺎدارت‬
‫ﻣﺮاوت ْد ﻳﺎت ن ّ‬ ‫ً‬

‫س‬‫ِﻣﺎﺋ َ َﺘﺎ َﻓﺮَ ٍ‬ ‫ﻳﻴﺴﺎن‬ ‫ﺠ ًﺔ‬

‫ﺸﺮَ َة ﻧ َ ْﻌ َ‬
‫ْأرﺑ َ َﻊ َﻋ َ‬ ‫ﻛّ ﻮژت د ﻣﺮاوت ْن ووﻟّﻲ‬
‫ﺳﻨﺎت ن ﺗﻴﻤﺎض ْ‬ ‫)‪(2‬‬
‫)‪(5‬‬
‫ِﻣﺎﺋ َ َﺘﺎ ﺑ َ َﻘﺮَ ٍة‪.‬‬ ‫ﺳﻨﺎت ن ﺗﻴﻤﺎض ن ﺗﻔﻮﻧﺎﺳﲔ‬ ‫ﺠ ًﺔ‬
‫ﺸﺮَ َة ﻧ َ ْﻌ َ‬
‫ْأرﺑ َ َﻊ َﻋ َ‬ ‫ﻣﺮاوت د ﻛّ ﻮژت ْن ووﻟّﻲ‬

‫س‬ ‫ﻴﻤﺎﺋ َ ِﺔ َﻓﺮَ ٍ‬ ‫ﺛَ َﻤﺎﻧ ِ ِ‬ ‫ﻳﻴﺴﺎن‬ ‫ﺠ ًﺔ‬ ‫ﺛَ َﻤﺎﻧ ِ َﻴ َﺔ َﻋ َ‬

‫ﺸﺮَ َة ﻧ َ ْﻌ َ‬ ‫ّﺗﺎﻣﺖ د ﻣﺮاوت ْن ووﻟّﻲ‬
‫ّﺗﺎﻣﺖ ن ﺗﻴﻤﺎض ْ‬ ‫)‪(3‬‬
‫)‪(6‬‬
‫ﻴﻤﺎﺋ َ ِﺔ ﺑ َ َﻘﺮَ ٍة‪.‬‬
‫ﺛَ َﻤﺎﻧ ِ ِ‬ ‫ّﺗﺎﻣﺖ ن ﺗﻴﻤﺎض ن ﺗﻔﻮﻧﺎﺳﲔ‬ ‫ﺠ ًﺔ‬ ‫ﺛَ َﻤﺎﻧ ِ َﻴ َﺔ َﻋ َ‬
‫ﺸﺮَ َة ﻧ َ ْﻌ َ‬ ‫ﻣﺮاوت د ّﺗﺎﻣﺖ ْن ووﻟّﻲ‬

‫اس‬ ‫ِﻣﺎﺋ َ ُﺔ َو ْأرﺑ َ َﻌ ُﺔ ْ‬

‫أﻓﺮَ ٍ‬ ‫ﻳﻴﺴﺎن‬
‫ﺗﺎﻣﻴﻀﻲ د ﻛّ ﻮژ ْ‬ ‫)‪(4‬‬ ‫ون َﻓﺮَﺳﺎ ً‬ ‫واﺣ ٌﺪ َو ِﻋ ْ‬
‫ﺸﺮُ َ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ﺳﻴﻤﺮاو د ﻳﺎن وﻳﻴﺲ‬ ‫)‪(7‬‬
‫ﺳﻤﻮس‬ ‫ﺗﺎﻣﻴﻀﻲ د ﻛﺮاﻣﺮاو د‬ ‫ون َﻓﺮَﺳﺎ ً‬ ‫ﺴ ٌﺔ َو ِﻋ ْ‬
‫ﺸﺮُ َ‬ ‫َﺧ ْﻤ َ‬ ‫ﻳﻴﺴﺎن‬
‫ﺳﻤﻮس ْ‬
‫ّ‬ ‫ﺳﻴﻤﺮاو د‬
‫ّ‬ ‫)‪(8‬‬
‫ّ‬
‫ﻮن َﻓﺮَﺳﺎ ً‪.‬‬ ‫ِﻣﺎﺋ َ ُﺔ َو َﺧ ْﻤ َ‬
‫ﺴ ٌﺔ َوﺛَﻼَﺛُ َ‬ ‫ﻳﻴﺴﺎن‬
‫)‪(5‬‬
‫ْ‬ ‫ﻮن َﻓﺮَﺳﺎ ً‬
‫ﺳ ْﺒ ُﻌ َ‬
‫ﺛَﻼﺛَ ٌﺔ َو َ‬ ‫ﻳﻴﺴﺎن‬
‫ﺳﺎﻣﺮاو د ﺷﺮاض ْ‬
‫ّ‬ ‫)‪(9‬‬
‫ﺳﺎت ن‬
‫ﺗﺎﻣﻴﻀﻲ د ﻣﺮاوت د ّ‬ ‫ون ﺑ َ َﻘﺮَ ًة‬ ‫اﺣ ٌﺪ َو ِﻋ ْ‬
‫َو ِ‬
‫ﺸﺮَ َة ﺑ َ َﻘﺮَ ًة‪.‬‬ ‫ِﻣﺎﺋ َ ُﺔ َو َ‬
‫ﺳ ْﺒ َﻊ َﻋ َ‬ ‫)‪(6‬‬ ‫ﺸﺮُ َ‬ ‫ﺳﻴﻤﺮاوت ْد ﻳﻮت ﺗﻔﻮﻧﺎﺳﺖ‬ ‫)‪(10‬‬
‫ﺗﻔﻮﻧﺎﺳﲔ‬
‫ون ﺑ َ َﻘﺮَ ًة‬‫ﺸﺮُ َ‬‫ﺲ َو ِﻋ ْ‬ ‫َﺧ ْﻤ ٌ‬ ‫ﺳﻤﻮﺳﺖ ن ﺗﻔﻮﻧﺎﺳﲔ‬
‫ّ‬ ‫ﺳﻴﻤﺮاوت د‬ ‫)‪(11‬‬
‫اس‪.‬‬
‫أﻓﺮَ ٍ‬ ‫ِﻣﺎﺋ َ َﺘﺎ ِن َوﺗِ ْ‬
‫ﺴ َﻌ ُﺔ ْ‬ ‫ﻳﻴﺴﺎن‬
‫ﺳﻨﺎت ن ﺗﻴﻤﺎض د ﺗﮋا ْ‬ ‫)‪(7‬‬
‫ﻮن ﺑ َ َﻘﺮَ ًة‬
‫ﺳ ْﺒ ُﻌ َ‬
‫ﻼث َو َ‬
‫ﺛَ ٌ‬ ‫ﺷﺮاط ن ﺗﻔﻮﻧﺎﺳﲔ‬
‫ّ‬ ‫ﺳﺎﻣﺮاوت د‬
‫ّ‬ ‫)‪(12‬‬
‫ﻮن‬
‫اﺣ ٌﺪ َو ْأرﺑ َ ُﻌ َ‬ ‫ﺳ ّﺘ ِﻤﺎﺋ َ ٍﺔ َو َو ِ‬
‫ِ‬ ‫ﺳﻀﻴﺴﺖ ن ﺗﻴﻤﺎض د ﻛّ ﻤﺮاو‬
‫)‪(8‬‬
‫َﻓﺮَﺳﺎ ً‪.‬‬ ‫ْد ﻳﺎن وﻳﻴﺲ‬ ‫اﳌ ُﻼﺣﻈﺎت‪:‬‬
‫ّﺗﺎﻣﺖ ن ﺗﻴﻤﺎض‬
‫ﻮن‬ ‫َث َو ِ‬
‫ﺳ ﱡﺘ َ‬ ‫ﻴﻤﺎﺋ َ ٍﺔ َوﺛَﻼ ٌ‬
‫ﺛَ َﻤﺎﻧ ِ ِ‬
‫ﻛﺮاط ن‬
‫ّ‬ ‫د ﺳﻀﻴﻤﺮاوت د‬ ‫)‪(9‬‬
‫ﻜﻦ ﺗﻘﺪﱘ ُ أﺳﻤﺎء اﻟﻮﺣﺪات‬ ‫ﺸــﺮَ" ُﳝ ُ‬ ‫ﺸــﺮَ" إﻟَﻰ "ﺗِ ْ‬
‫ﺴ َﻌ َﺔ َﻋ َ‬ ‫أ‪ِ -‬ﻣ ْﻦ َ‬
‫"أﺣ َﺪ َﻋ َ‬
‫ﺑ َ َﻘﺮَ ًة‪.‬‬ ‫ﻜ ُﻦ اﻟﻌﻜﺲ )راﺟﻊ اﻷﻣﺜﻠﺔ ِﻣ ْﻦ ‪ 1‬إﻟَﻰ ‪.(6‬‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ اﺳﻢ اﻟﻌﻘﺪ ﻛَ َﻤﺎ ُﳝ ِ‬
‫ﺗﻔﻮﻧﺎﺳﲔ‬
‫ﻏﻴﺮَ‬
‫اﳉﻤﻊ‪ْ ،‬‬
‫َ‬ ‫ﻔﻴﺪ‬ ‫إﻟﻴ ِﻪ َ‬
‫ﻋﺪ ٌد ﻳُ ُ‬ ‫أﺿﻴﻒ ْ‬
‫َ‬ ‫ّﻤﺎ‬ ‫اﺳﻢ اﳌﻌﺪو ِد ﻳَﻜُ ُ‬
‫ﻮن َﺟ ْﻤﻌﺎ ً ﻛُ ﻠ َ‬ ‫ُ‬ ‫ب‪-‬‬
‫اﳌ ُﻼﺣﻈﺎت‪:‬‬ ‫ِ‬
‫اﺳﻢ اﻟﻮﺣﺪة ُﻣﺒﺎﺷﺮة )راﺟﻊ اﻷﻣﺜﻠﺔ‬
‫ُ‬ ‫ﻘﺪ َﻣ ُﻪ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ﺻﻴﻐ َﺔ اﻹﻓﺮاد إ َذا َﻣﺎ ﺗَ ّ‬
‫َ‬ ‫أﻧﱠ ُﻪ ﻳَﻠْﺰَ ُم‬
‫"ﻣﺎﺋَــﺔ" ْأو "اﳌِﺎﺋَــﺔ"‪ ،‬ﺑﺎﻟﺘﻌﺮﻳــﻒ‪" ،‬ﺗﺎﻣﻴﻀــﻲ" )اﳌﻨﻄﻮﻗــﺔ‬
‫أ‪ -‬ﻳُﻘﺎﺑ ِــﻞُ ِ‬ ‫‪َ 1‬و ‪َ 4‬و ‪َ 7‬و ‪.(10‬‬
‫ـﻊ "ﺗﺎﻣﻴﻀﻲ" ُﻫ َﻮ "ﺗﻴﻤــﺎض"‪ ،‬أو "ﺗﺎﻣﻴﻀﻴﻮﻳﻦ"‪،‬‬
‫ُ‬ ‫وﺟﻤـ‬ ‫أﺣﻴﺎﻧﺎ(‪.‬‬ ‫"ﺗﻴﻤﻴﻀــﻲ"‬ ‫ﻟﻢ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫واﻟﺘﺄﻧﻴﺚ‪ ،‬ﻣﺎ ْ‬ ‫ـﺚ اﻟﺘﺬﻛﻴﺮ‬ ‫ـﻘ ْﻴ ِﻪ ٌ‬
‫ﺗﺎﺑﻊ ﻟﻠﻤﻌﺪود ﻣﻦ ﺣﻴـ ُ‬ ‫اﻟﻌ َﺪ ُد ﺑ ِ‬
‫ِﺸـ ّ‬ ‫ج‪َ -‬‬

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 ‫‪ ‬‬
‫ﻒ ِﻣ ْﻨ ُﻪ‪.‬‬
‫أﺧ ﱡ‬
‫ﻷن "ﺗﻴﻤﺎض" َ‬
‫واﻷﺧﻴﺮ ﻗﻠﻴﻞُ اﻻﺳﺘﻌﻤﺎل ﱠ‬
‫أﮔﻨﺪﻳﺪ د ﻛّ ﻮژ واﻓﻀﺎن د ﺳﻨﺎت ن‬
‫ِس‬
‫‪َ 1.400.200‬ﻓﺎر ٍ‬ ‫)‪(9‬‬
‫ﺗﻴﻤﺎض ﳝﻨﺎﻳﻦ‬ ‫ـﻮد‪َ ،‬وﺗُ َﺆ ّﺧﺮُ‬
‫اﻟﻌ ُﻘـ ُ‬ ‫ـﺎت َوﺗَﻠِ َ‬
‫ﻴﻬﺎ ُ‬ ‫ﻘﺪ ُم اﳌِﺎﺋَـ ُ‬
‫ـﻮق اﳌِﺎﺋَﺔ ﺗُ ﱠ‬
‫ب‪ -‬ﻓــﻲ اﻷﻋﺪاد ﻣﺎ ﻓـ َ‬
‫اﻟﻮﺣﺪات‪.‬‬
‫ّﺗﺎم ﻳﮕﻨﺪاد د ﺳﲔ واﻓﻀﺎن د‬
‫ِس‬
‫‪َ 8.270.000‬ﻓﺎر ٍ‬ ‫)‪(10‬‬
‫ﺳﺎﻣﺮاو ﻳﻜﻴﻤﺎن ﳝﻨﺎﻳﻦ‬
‫ّ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ﺣﺮف‬ ‫ﻴﻒ إﻟﻴﻪ ﺑﻮاﺳــﻄﺔ‬ ‫ﺿ َ‬ ‫إن َوﻟِــﻲ اﺳــﻢ اﳌﻌﺪود اﺳــﻢ اﳌِﺎﺋَــﺔ أ ُ ِ‬ ‫ج‪ْ -‬‬
‫َ‬
‫اﻟﻌ ُﻘــﻮ ِد ﺑﻌﺪ اﳌِﺎﺋَﺔ‬
‫ُ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ٍ‬
‫ﻋﻘﺪ‬ ‫ـﻢ‬
‫َ‬ ‫اﺳـ‬ ‫ﻲ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ﻟ‬
‫ْ َ َ‬ ‫و‬ ‫وإن‬ ‫ﺟﻤﻌـ‬
‫ـﺎ‪.‬‬ ‫وﻛﺎن‬ ‫)ن(‪،‬‬ ‫ـﺔ‬‫اﻹﺿﺎﻓـ‬
‫اﳌ ُﻼﺣﻈﺎت‪:‬‬ ‫أﺳﻤﺎ ِء وﺣﺪاتِ‬ ‫أﺣ َﺪ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫َ‬ ‫ﻲ َ‬ ‫وإن َوﻟ َ‬‫ﻴﻒ إﻟﻴﻪ ُﻣﺒﺎﺷﺮة‪ ،‬ﻋﻠﻰ ﺻﻴﻐﺔ اﳉﻤﻊ أﻳﻀﺎ‪ْ .‬‬ ‫أﺿ َ‬
‫َف‪ - .‬أﻓﺾ = َﻣﺎﺋﺔ أﻟ ٍ‬
‫ْﻒ‪ - .‬أﻓﻀﺎن =‬ ‫ْﻒ‪ - .‬ﺋﮕﻴﻤــﺎن = آﻻ ٌ‬
‫أ‪ -‬أﮔﻴــﻢ = أﻟ ٌ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ﺑﺎﻟﻮﺣﺪات‪.‬‬ ‫ود‬
‫ﻣﻌﺪ ٌ‬
‫ُ‬ ‫ﻢ َﻣﺎ ِﻗﻴﻞَ ﺑﺸﺄ ِن َﻣﺎ ُﻫ َﻮ‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺪ اﳌِﺎﺋَﺔ َد َﺧﻞَ ِﻓﻲ ُﺣ ْﻜ ِ‬
‫ِﲔ‪.‬‬
‫ُ‬ ‫ﻳ‬‫َ‬ ‫ﻼ‬ ‫اﳌ‬ ‫=‬ ‫ﺋﮕﻨﺪاد‬ ‫‪-‬‬ ‫‪.‬‬‫ﻮن‬ ‫ﻠﻴ‬
‫ُ ٌ‬ ‫ﻣ‬‫ِ‬ ‫=‬ ‫أﮔﻨﺪﻳﺪ‬ ‫ﺎت اﻵﻻ ِ‬
‫َف‪- .‬‬ ‫ِﻣﺎﺋ َ ُ‬ ‫َف اﻵﻻ ِ‬
‫َف‪:‬‬ ‫ﺎت اﻵﻻ ِ‬
‫َف وآﻻ ُ‬ ‫َف ِ‬
‫وﻣﺎﺋ َ ُ‬ ‫ﺧﺎﻣﺴﺎ‪ :‬اﻵﻻ ُ‬
‫اﻷﻛ َﺒﺮُ ﻋﻠَﻰ‬
‫ـﺪ ُم ْ‬
‫ﺑﺤﻴﺚ ﻳُ َﻘـ ّ‬
‫ُ‬ ‫ـﺪ ِد ﺑﺎﻋﺘﺒﺎر ّ‬
‫أﻫﻤﻴﺘﻬﺎ‪،‬‬ ‫ـﺐ َﻋ َﻨ ِ‬
‫ﺎﺻﺮُ اﻟﻌـ َ‬ ‫ب‪ -‬ﺗُﺮَ ّﺗـ ُ‬
‫اﻷﺻ َﻐﺮِ َداﺋِﻤﺎ ً‪.‬‬ ‫ِس‬
‫ْﻒ َﻓﺎر ٍ‬
‫أﻟ ُ‬ ‫أﮔﻴﻢ ﳝﻨﺎﻳﻦ‬
‫ْ‬ ‫)‪(1‬‬
‫ﻤﻌﻪ‬‫وﺟ‬ ‫ﺷﺎ ٍة‬
‫ْﻒ َ‬
‫أﻟ ُ‬ ‫أﮔﻴﻢ ْن ووﻟّﻲ‬
‫ُ‬ ‫ب "أﻓــﺾ" َ‬
‫ﺑﻴﻨﻤﺎ ﻳُ ْﻌﺮَ ُ‬
‫َ‬ ‫ـﻮاوٍ‪" :‬ﻳﺎن وﮔﻴــﻢ"؛‬
‫ب ﺑ ِـ َ‬
‫ج‪" -‬أﮔﻴــﻢ" ﻳُ ْﻌــﺮَ ُ‬
‫"ﺳﻤﻮس واﻓﻀﺎن"‪.‬‬ ‫ّ‬ ‫واﻓﺾ"‪،‬‬ ‫"ﻳﺎن‬ ‫ﻒ‪:‬‬ ‫"أﻓﻀﺎن" ﺑ َِﻮا ٍو أﻟِ ٍ‬ ‫ِس‬
‫ْﻔﺎ َﻓﺎر ٍ‬
‫أﻟ َ‬ ‫ﺳﲔ ﻳﮕﻴﻤﺎن ﳝﻨﺎﻳﻦ‬
‫)‪(2‬‬
‫ـﻮاوٍ‪" :‬ﻳﺎن وﮔﻨﺪﻳﺪ"‪ ،‬وﻳُ ْﺠ َﻤ ُﻊ‬ ‫ﻨﻄ ُﻖ "أﮔﻨﺪﻳﻪ"‪ .‬ﻳُ ْﻌﺮَ ُ‬
‫ب ﺑ ِـ َ‬ ‫د‪" -‬أﮔﻨﺪﻳــﺪ" َﻗ ْﺪ ﻳُ َ‬ ‫ﺷﺎ ٍة‬
‫ْﻔﺎ َ‬
‫أﻟ َ‬ ‫ﺳﲔ ﻳﮕﻴﻤﺎن ووﻟّﻲ‬
‫َﻋﻠَﻰ "ﺋﮕﻨﺪﻳﺪن"‪.‬‬ ‫ﻛﺮاط ن ﺗﻴﻤﺎض د‬ ‫ﺳﺎ ْﻳﮕﻴﻤﺎن د‬
‫ّ‬ ‫ّ‬
‫ِس‬
‫‪َ 7.340‬ﻓﺎر ٍ‬ ‫)‪(3‬‬
‫ﻛّ ﻮﻣﺮاو ﳝﻨﺎﻳﻦ‬
‫ﺳﺎدِﺳﺎً‪ :‬أﺳﻤﺎء اﻷﻋﺪا ِد ّ‬
‫اﻟﺘﺮﺗﻴﺒِﻴﺔ‪:‬‬ ‫َ‬
‫ﺗﮋا ْﻳﮕﻴﻤﺎن د ّﺗﺎم ن ﺗﻴﻤﺎض د‬
‫اﻷوﻟَﻰ‬ ‫ﺗﺎﻣﺰواروت‬ ‫اﻷولُ‬ ‫أﻣﺰوارو‬ ‫ِس‬
‫‪َ 9.801‬ﻓﺎر ٍ‬ ‫)‪(4‬‬
‫ْ‬ ‫ﱠ‬ ‫)‪(1‬‬ ‫ﺳﻤﻮس ﳝﻨﺎﻳﻦ‬ ‫ّ‬
‫اﻷُ َولُ ‪ ،‬اﻷوﻟ ََﻴ ُ‬
‫ﺎت‬ ‫ﺗﻴﻤﺰوورا‬
‫ْ‬ ‫ُﻮن‬ ‫اﻷُ َولُ ‪ ،‬ﱠ‬
‫اﻷوﻟ َ‬ ‫ﺋﻤﺰوورا‬
‫ْ‬ ‫)‪(2‬‬ ‫ﺳﻀﻴﺲ ْﻳﮕﻴﻤﺎن د ﺳﻨﺎت ن‬
‫ِس‬
‫‪َ 6.205‬ﻓﺎر ٍ‬ ‫)‪(5‬‬
‫اﻷﺧﻴﺮَ ُة‬ ‫ِ‬
‫اﻵﺧﺮَ ُة‪،‬‬ ‫ﺗﺎﻣﮕﺎروت‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ﺗﻴﻤﺎض د ﻛﺮاﻣﺮاو ْﳝﻨﺎﻳﻦ‬
‫َ‬ ‫ّ‬ ‫اﻷﺧﻴﺮُ‬ ‫اﻵﺧﺮُ‪،‬‬ ‫أﻣﮕﺎرو‬
‫ّ‬ ‫)‪(3‬‬
‫ات‬
‫اﻵﺧﺮَ ُ‬‫ِ‬ ‫ﺗﻴﻤﮕﻮرا‬
‫ّ‬ ‫ون‬ ‫ِ‬
‫اﻵﺧﺮُ َ‬ ‫ﺋﻤﮕﻮرا‬
‫ّ‬ ‫)‪(4‬‬ ‫ّﺗﺎﻣﺮاو ﻳﮕﻴﻤﺎن د ﻛّ ﻮژت ن ﺗﻴﻤﺎض‬
‫ِس‬
‫‪َ 80.430‬ﻓﺎر ٍ‬ ‫)‪(6‬‬
‫د ﻛﺮاﻣﺮاو ْﳝﻨﺎﻳﻦ‬
‫اﻟ ّﺜﺎﻟ َﺜ ُﺔ‬ ‫ﻛﺮاط‬
‫ّ‬ ‫ﺗﻴﺲ‬
‫ّ‬ ‫ﺎﻟﺚ‬
‫اﻟ ّﺜ ُ‬ ‫وﻳﺲ ﻛﺮاض‬
‫ّ‬ ‫)‪(5‬‬
‫اﻟﻌ ِ‬ ‫اﻟﻌ ِ‬ ‫ﺳﻤﻮﻣﺮاو ْد ﻳﺎن وﮔﻴﻢ د‬
‫ّ‬ ‫أﻓﺾ د‬
‫ﺎﺷﺮَ ُة‬ ‫َ‬ ‫ﺗﻴﺲ ﻣﺮاوت‬
‫ّ‬ ‫ﺎﺷﺮُ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫وﻳﺲ ﻣﺮاو‬
‫ّ‬ ‫)‪(6‬‬ ‫ِس‬
‫‪َ 151.010‬ﻓﺎر ٍ‬ ‫)‪(7‬‬
‫ﻣﺮاو ْﳝﻨﺎﻳﻦ‬
‫ﺗﻴﺲ‬
‫ّ‬ ‫وﻳﺲ‬
‫ّ‬
‫اﳌِﺎﺋ َ ُﺔ‬ ‫اﳌِﺎﺋ َ ُﺔ‬ ‫)‪(7‬‬ ‫ﺳﺎ واﻓﻀﺎن د ﻛﺮاﻣﺮاو ْﻳﮕﻴﻤﺎن د‬
‫ّ‬
‫ﺗﻴﻤﻴﻀﻲ‬ ‫ﺗﻴﻤﻴﻀﻲ‬ ‫ِس‬
‫‪َ 730.040‬ﻓﺎر ٍ‬ ‫)‪(8‬‬
‫ﻛّ ﻤﺮاو ﳝﻨﺎﻳﻦ‬
‫ُﻣﻼﺣﻈﺘﺎن‪:‬‬

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 ‫‪ ‬‬
‫ـﻂ اﻟﻜﺴــﺮ ﻓﻮق اﻟﻌﺪ ِد اﻟﻔﺮد ُﻋ ﱢﺒﺮَ َﻋ ْﻨ ُﻪ ﺑﻌﺪ ِد ِه ﻣﻀﺎﻓﺎ‬
‫ﺴـ ُ‬ ‫ج‪ -‬إذا ﻛﺎن ﺑ َ ْ‬ ‫"أﻣﮕﺎرو"‬
‫ّ‬ ‫"ﺗﺎﻣﺰوارت"‪َ .‬و‬
‫ْ‬ ‫ﺚ ُﻫ َﻮ‪:‬‬‫اﳌﺆﻧ ُ‬
‫ّ‬ ‫ﻮن‬‫ﻓﻴﻜُ ُ‬
‫"أﻣﺰوار"‪َ ،‬‬
‫ْ‬ ‫ـﺰوارو" ﻳُﺮا ِد ُﻓ ُﻪ‬
‫أ‪" -‬أﻣـ ْ‬
‫ﺣﺮف اﻹﺿﺎﻓﺔ )اﳌﺜﺎﻻن‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ﻮﻳﺲ" ﺑﺪو ِن واﺳﻄ ٍﺔ )اﳌﺜﺎل ‪ْ (4‬أو ﺑﻮاﺳﻄﺔ‬ ‫"ﺋﺘ ّ‬‫إﻟﻰ ْ‬ ‫"ﺗﺎﻧﮕﺎروت"‪.‬‬
‫ّ‬ ‫ﻫﻮ‬ ‫ﺚ‬
‫ّ ُ َ‬ ‫اﳌﺆﻧ‬ ‫ﻓﻴﻜﻮن‬
‫ُ‬ ‫ﺎرو"‪،‬‬ ‫"أﻧﮕ‬
‫ّ‬ ‫ﻳُﺮا ِد ُﻓ ُﻪ‬
‫‪َ 5‬و‪.(6‬‬ ‫اﻷﻋﺪا ِد‬
‫ﻋﻦ أﺳــﻤﺎ ِد ْ‬ ‫ﻳﻌﺒﺮُ ْ‬
‫"أﻣﮕﺎرو"‪ ،‬ﱠ‬
‫ّ‬ ‫"أﻣﺰوارو" َو‬
‫ْ‬ ‫ـﻦ‬
‫ﻈﺮِ ﻋـ ْ‬
‫اﻟﻨ َ‬ ‫ب‪ -‬ﺑ ِﺼـ ِ‬
‫ـﺮف ّ‬
‫ﺚ وذﻟﻚ إﻟﻰ َﻣﺎ ﻻَ ﻧِﻬﺎﻳ َ َﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﺆﻧ‬
‫ّ ٌ‬ ‫ﻮ‬ ‫ﻫ‬ ‫ﺎ‬
‫َ ُ َ‬‫ﻴﻤ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ﻓ‬ ‫‪،‬‬‫د‬ ‫ﺪ‬ ‫اﻟﻌ‬
‫َ َ ُ‬ ‫‪+‬‬ ‫"‬ ‫"ﺗﻴﺲ‬
‫ّ‬ ‫ِﻮاﺳﻄﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﺮﺗﻴﺒﻴﺔ ﺑ‬
‫ّ‬
‫"وﻳﺲ"‪.‬‬
‫ّ‬ ‫وﻳﺲ" أ َ ْﻳﻀﺎ ً؛ َو ُﻫ َﻮ َﺟ ُ‬
‫ﻤﻊ‬ ‫"ﺋﺌﺪ ّ‬
‫ْ‬ ‫ﻮﻳﺲ" ﻳُ ْﻨ َ‬
‫ﻄ ُﻖ‬ ‫"ﺋﺘ ّ‬
‫إﺿﺎﻓﺔ‪ْ :‬‬
‫ﻟ َُﻪ‪.‬‬

‫ﺴﻮر ُ‪:‬‬
‫ﺳﺎﺑﻌﺎ‪ :‬اﻟﻜُ ُ‬
‫‪12‬‬ ‫اﻟﻨﺼﻒ‬
‫ّ‬ ‫أﺟﻦ‬
‫أزﮔﻦ ‪ /‬أزﮔﻦ ‪ّ /‬‬
‫)‪(1‬‬
‫‪32‬‬ ‫ٍ‬
‫ﺼﺎف‬‫ﺛَﻼﺛَ ُﺔ ْأﻧ‬ ‫ﻛﺮاض ﻳﺰﮔﻨﺎن‬
‫‪13‬‬ ‫ﻠﺚ‬
‫اﻟ ّﺜ ُ‬ ‫وﻳﺲ ﻛﺮاض ْﺗﻮال‬
‫ّ‬
‫)‪(2‬‬
‫‪13‬‬ ‫ﻠﺚ‬
‫اﻟ ّﺜ ُ‬ ‫ﻛﺮاط ْﺗﻮال‬
‫ّ‬ ‫ﺗﻴﺲ‬
‫ّ‬
‫‪1100‬‬ ‫اﳉﺰء ﻣﻦ ِﻣﺎﺋَﺔ‬
‫ُ‬ ‫وﻳﺲ ﺗﻴﻤﻀﻲ ْﺗﻮال‬
‫ّ‬
‫)‪(3‬‬
‫‪1100‬‬ ‫اﳉﺰء ﻣﻦ ِﻣﺎﺋَﺔ‬
‫ُ‬ ‫ﺗﻴﺲ ﺗﻴﻤﻴﻀﻲ ْﺗﻮال‬
‫ّ‬
‫ﺧﻤﺴﺔ أﺟﺰا ٍء ِﻣ ْﻦ‬
‫ُ‬ ‫ﻮﻳﺲ‬
‫ﻳﺘ ّ‬‫ﺳﻤﻮس ْ‬ ‫ّ‬
‫‪5/80‬‬ ‫)‪(4‬‬
‫ﺛَ َﻤﺎﻧ ِ َ‬
‫ﲔ ﺟﺰءا ً‬ ‫ّﺗﺎﻣﺮاو ْﺗﻮال‬
‫ﻮن ُﺟﺰءا ً ِﻣ ْﻦ‬
‫ﺛﻼﺛُ َ‬ ‫ﻮﻳﺲ‬
‫ﻳﺘ ّ‬‫ﻛﺮاﻣﺮاو ن ْ‬
‫‪30/100.000‬‬ ‫)‪(5‬‬
‫ِﻣﺎﺋ َ ِﺔ أﻟ ِ‬
‫ْﻒ ُﺟ ْﺰ ٍء‬ ‫واﻓﺾ ْﺗﻮال‬
‫ْﻔﺎ ُﺟﺰ ٍء ِﻣ ْﻦ‬ ‫أﻟ َ‬ ‫ﺳﲔ ﻳﮕﻴﻤﺎن ن‬
‫‪2.000/1.000.000‬‬ ‫)‪(6‬‬
‫ِﻣﻠ ُْﻴﻮ ِن ُﺟ ْﺰ ٍء‬ ‫ﻮﻳﺲ وﮔﻨﺪﻳﺪ‬
‫ﻳﺘ ّ‬
‫ْ‬

‫اﳌ ُﻼﺣﻈﺎت‪:‬‬
‫"أﺟــﻦ"‪ .‬واﳉﻤﻊ "ﺋﺰﮔﻨﺎن" َو‬‫ـﻒ" ﻳُ َﻘﺎلُ ﻟ َُﻪ "أزﻛــﻦ" َو "أزﮔﻦ" َو ّ‬‫"اﻟﻨﺼـ ُ‬ ‫أ‪ّ -‬‬
‫"ﺋﺠﻨﺎن"‪.‬‬ ‫و‬
‫"ﺋﺰﮔﻨﻴﱳ َ ّ‬
‫"‬
‫"ﺗﻴﺲ‬
‫ّ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﺮﺗﻴﺒﻴﺔ‪ِ ،‬ﻣ ْﻦ "وﻳﺲ ﻛــﺮاض = اﻟ ّﺜﺎﻟﺚ" ْأو‬ ‫ب‪ -‬أﺳــﻤﺎء اﻷﻋــﺪاد ّ‬
‫ﻌﺒﺮُ ﺑﻬﺎ ﻋﻦِ اﻟﻜﺴﻮر )ﻣﺎ‬ ‫ُ ﱠ‬ ‫ﻳ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﻫﻲ‬
‫َ‬ ‫‪،‬‬‫َﻪ‬
‫ُ‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ‫ﻧﻬﺎﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺎﻟﺜﺔ"‪ ،‬إﻟَﻰ َﻣﺎ ﻻَ‬
‫ﻛﺮاط = اﻟ ّﺜ ُ‬
‫ّ‬
‫"ﺗﻮال"‪.‬‬
‫ﺴﺮِ ْ‬
‫ْ‬ ‫اﻟﻜَ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ﺑﺤﺮف‬ ‫ﻣﺘﺒﻮﻋﺔ‬ ‫‪(2‬‬ ‫ق‬
‫َ‬ ‫ﻓﻮ‬ ‫ﻪ‬‫ﺨﺮﺟ‬
‫ُ ُ ْ‬ ‫َﻣ‬

‫‪213‬‬ ‫‪212‬‬
 ‫‪ ‬‬
‫ِ‬
‫اﻟﺴﺒﻌﻤﺎﺋﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﻌ َﺪ‬ ‫اﻟ ّﺘﻤﺎرﻳﻦ‬
‫اﳊﺎدي ﻋﺸﺮ ْ‬
‫ﺸﺮَ وﺛَﻼَﺛُ ِﻤﺎﺋَﺔ أﻟ ٍ‬
‫ْﻒ‬ ‫واﳋﻤﺴ َﺔ َﻋ َ‬
‫واﻷرﺑﻌﺔ ﻣﻼَﻳ ِﲔ‬ ‫اﻷول‪ :‬اﻛﺘﺐ ﺑﺎﳊﺮوف‪ ،‬ﻓــﻲ اﻟﻠﻐﺔ اﻷﻣﺎزﻳﻐﻴﺔ ﻣــﺎ ﻳﻠﻲ ِﻣ َﻦ‬
‫اﻟ ّﺘﻤﺮﻳـﻦ ّ‬
‫اﻷﻋﺪاد‪:‬‬
‫ﺐ ﺑﺎﳊﺮوف‪ ،‬ﻓﻲ اﻷﻣﺎزﻳﻐﻴﺔ َﻣﺎ ﻳَﻠِﻲ ِﻣ َﻦ اﻟﻜُ ُ‬
‫ﺴﻮر‪:‬‬ ‫اﻛﺘ ْ‬
‫ﺛﻢ ُ‬‫‪ّ -‬‬
‫‪12‬‬ ‫‪15‬‬
‫‪79‬‬ ‫‪32‬‬
‫‪23‬‬ ‫‪501‬‬
‫‪4130‬‬ ‫‪1.307‬‬
‫‪18.985‬‬
‫‪52100‬‬
‫‪100.006‬‬
‫‪2100.000‬‬
‫‪99.764‬‬
‫‪211.000‬‬ ‫‪3.017.029‬‬
‫‪175.944‬‬
‫أﻧﺖ ﻓﻲ ﺣﺎﺟﺔ إﻟﻰ ﻣﺮاﺟﻌ ِﺘ ِﻪ َِﻣ ْﻦ ّ‬
‫اﻟﺪروس؛‬ ‫راﺟﻊ ﻣﺎ َ‬
‫ْ‬ ‫اﻟ ّﺘﻤﺮﻳﻦ اﻟﺜّﺎﻟﺚ‪:‬‬
‫‪618.751‬‬
‫وأﻧﺖ‬
‫َ‬ ‫اﻷﻣﺎزﻳﻐﻴﺔ‪.‬‬ ‫اﻟﻠﻐﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫اﻷﻗﻞﱢ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ً‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ﺳﻄﺮ‬ ‫ﻋﺸﺮﻳﻦ‬ ‫إﻧﺸﺎء ﻣﻦ‬
‫ً‬ ‫ﻢ َﺣﺮﱢ ْر‬
‫ﺛُ ﱠ‬
‫ﺣﻴﺚ اﳌﻮﺿﻮع‪.‬‬
‫ُ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﳋﻴﺎر ﻣﻦ‬ ‫اﻟ ّﺘﻤﺮﻳﻦ اﻟﺜّﺎﻧﻲ‪ :‬ﺗَﺮﺟِ ْﻢ إﻟَﻰ اﻷﻣﺎزﻳﻐﻴﺔ َﻣﺎ ﻳَﻠِﻲ‪:‬‬

‫ﺎﻣﻦ‬
‫اﻟ ّﺜ ُ‬
‫اﳋﺎﻣﺴﺔ‬

‫اﻟﻌﺎﺷﺮُ‬
‫اﻟﺴﺎدﺳﺔ ﻋﺸﺮة‬
‫ﺎﺑﻊ واﳋﻤﺴﻮن‬
‫اﻟﺴ ُ‬
‫ّ‬
‫ﺑﻌﺪ اﳌِﺎﺋ َ ُﺔ‬
‫َ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﺸﺮون‬
‫ِ‬
‫اﳋﻤﺴ ِﻤﺎﺋﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﻌ َﺪ‬
‫ﻮن ْ‬
‫واﻷرﺑﻌ َ‬
‫ُ‬ ‫اﻟ ّﺜﺎﻧﻲ‬
‫واﻷﻟﻔﲔ‬

‫‪215‬‬ ‫‪214‬‬
 ‫أﻣﺎ‬
‫ـﺮك اﳌ ُﻌﺎودة‪ .‬ﱠ‬ ‫واﻟﺪالﱠ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗـ ِ‬ ‫ّ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﺎدي ﻣﻨﻪ‬
‫ﱠ‬ ‫اﳌﻨﻔــﻲ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺮاﻓﻖ إِﻻﱠ اﳌ ُﺴــﺘﻘﺒﻞَ‬
‫ﻳُ ُ‬
‫ﱠ‬
‫ﻛﺎن ﻧ َ ْﻬﻴﺎ ً َﻋﻦِ‬
‫َ‬ ‫أو‬
‫ّ ْ‬‫ً‬ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ـ‬
‫ـ‬ ‫ﻋﺎدﻳ‬ ‫ﻛﺎن‬ ‫اﻟﻨﻬﻲ‪،‬‬ ‫ﱠ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫إ‬ ‫ن‬
‫ِ‬ ‫ـﺎ‬
‫ـ‬ ‫ﺮاﻓﻘ‬
‫َ ُ َ‬ ‫ﻳ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫ﻼ‬‫ﻓ‬ ‫"أور"‬ ‫و‬
‫َ‬ ‫"أدور"‬ ‫ـﺎن‬‫اﳊﺮﻓـ‬
‫اﳌ ُﻌﺎودة‪.‬‬

‫ﻨﲔ‪ِ ،‬‬ ‫زﻣ ْ‬ ‫ـﲔ َ‬ ‫ِ‬

‫اﳊﺎﻻت ﺑـ َْ‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺾ‬
‫ِ‬ ‫اﻟﻮﺣﻴﺪ ﻓﻲ‬
‫َ‬ ‫ـﺎرق‬
‫أن اﻟﻔـ َ‬ ‫ﺺ ﱠ‬ ‫ﺛﺎﻧﻴﺎ‪ :‬ﻧﺴــﺘﺨﻠِ ُ‬
‫ﺗﻘﻮلُ‬‫ُ‬ ‫ﻓﻮاﺣﺪة‪.‬‬ ‫ـﻪ‬‫ﻧﻔﺴـ‬ ‫اﻟﻔﻌﻞ‬ ‫ﺻﻴﻐﺔ‬ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫أﻣ‬
‫ﱠ‬ ‫؛‬ ‫اﻟﻔﻌﻞِ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﺪاﺧﻞُ‬ ‫ف ّ‬ ‫ُﻫ َﻮ اﳊ َْﺮ ُ‬
‫ﻳﻜﺎت"‬ ‫وﺗﻘﻮلُ "أر ّ‬ ‫"ﺳـَـﻴ ِﻔ ﱡﺮ"‪ُ .‬‬ ‫ﻳﺮول" ﲟِ َ ْﻌﻨﻰ َ‬ ‫ﲟﻌﻨﻰ َﻓ ﱠﺮ وﺗﻘﻮلُ "أد ْ‬ ‫"ﺋﺮول" ْ‬ ‫َﻣ َﺜــﻼً ْ‬
‫ﻠﺖ‬ ‫ْ ُ ُ‬‫ﻗ‬ ‫وإن‬ ‫"‪....‬‬ ‫ِد‬
‫ُ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﻌﺎ‬ ‫وﻳ‬ ‫ِب‬
‫ْ ُ ُ‬ ‫ﺮ‬‫ـﻴﻀ‬ ‫"ﺳـ‬ ‫ﲟﻌﻨﻰ‬ ‫ﺎت"‬ ‫ﻳﻜ‬‫ّ‬ ‫"أد‬ ‫ﻮلُ‬ ‫ﻘ‬ ‫ﺗ‬‫و‬ ‫"‪،‬‬
‫ﲟﻌ َﻨــﻰ َ ْ ُ َ َ ُ‬
‫ِب‬ ‫ﺮ‬ ‫ﻀ‬ ‫"ﻳ‬ ‫ْ‬ ‫‪       ‬‬
‫‪‬‬ ‫‪   ‬‬
‫‪‬‬
‫ﻠﺖ "ؤر‬ ‫ﻗ‬
‫ُ‬ ‫إن‬ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫أﻣ‬ ‫ﺮ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫اﳊﺎﺿ‬ ‫ﻮ‬ ‫ﻫ‬
‫ﱢ ُ َ‬ ‫اﳌﻨﻔﻲ‬ ‫ﻞِ‬‫ﻌ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫اﻟﻔ‬ ‫ـﻦ‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫ﻣ‬ ‫ز‬ ‫أن‬ ‫اﳊﺮف‬
‫ُ‬ ‫أﻓﺎد‬ ‫ـﻜ‬ ‫ّ‬ ‫ـ‬‫ﻳ‬ ‫"ؤردا‬ ‫ﻋﺎﻣﺔ(‬
‫َ‬ ‫ُ ﱠ ْ‬ ‫ْ‬ ‫ﱠ َ َ َ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫ْ‬ ‫اﻷﻓﻌﺎلِ )ﻣﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎت ّ‬
‫ﺗﺼﺮﻳﻒ ْ‬
‫ُ‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫ﺎت"‬
‫اﻟﺪالﱡ‬
‫ﻲ ﱠ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫اﳌﻨﻔ‬ ‫ـﺘﻘﺒﻞُ‬ ‫ُﺴـ‬ ‫ﳌ‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ﻮ‬
‫َ‬ ‫ﻫ‬
‫ُ‬ ‫ﻞِ‬‫ﻌ‬ ‫ْ‬ ‫أن ز َ َﻣ َﻦ ِ‬
‫اﻟﻔ‬ ‫ﱠ‬ ‫ﻮ‬
‫َ‬ ‫ﻫ‬
‫ُ‬ ‫ـﻮد‬
‫ُ‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫اﳌﻘﺼ‬
‫ُ‬ ‫ﻓﻴﻜﻮن‬
‫ُ‬ ‫ﺎت"‬ ‫ـﻜ‬
‫ﻳـ ّ‬
‫ﱡ‬
‫ُﻌﺎود ِة‪.‬‬
‫َ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ ِ‬
‫ﺗﺮك اﳌ‬ ‫اﻟﺼ ْﻠ ِ‬
‫ﺪ‬ ‫ﺗﺼﺮﻳﻒ اﻟﻔﻌﻞ‬
‫ّ‬
‫ﺗﺼﺮﻳﻒ اﻷﻓﻌﺎل‪،‬‬ ‫َ‬ ‫ﺼﺮَ‬‫أن ﻧ َ ْﺨ َﺘ ِ‬
‫أن ﺑﺈﻣﻜﺎﻧﻨﺎ ْ‬ ‫ﺎد ِﻣ ْﻦ ﻫﺬه اﳌ ُﻌﻄﻴﺎت ﱠ‬ ‫ﺴ َﺘ َﻔ ُ‬
‫ﻳُ ْ‬ ‫اﻟﺮاﺑــﻊ ﻋﺸــﺮ واﳋﺎﻣﺲ ﻋﺸــﺮ‬
‫ـﺪروس ّ‬
‫ﻧﺴــﺘﺨﻠﺺ ﻣــﻦ ﻣﺮاﺟﻌــﺔ اﻟـ ّ‬
‫ﺎن ﺑ َ ْﻴ َﻨ َﻬﺎ‬
‫َ‬ ‫ﻛَ‬ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﱠﻤ‬
‫َ‬ ‫ﻠ‬ ‫ﻛُ‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺾ‬
‫ٍ‬ ‫ﻣﻊ‬ ‫ﺎ‬‫ﻬ‬ ‫ﺑﻌﻀ‬
‫َ َ‬ ‫اﻷزﻣﻨﺔ‬ ‫ـﻂ‬ ‫ـ‬‫ِ‬ ‫ﺑ‬ ‫ﺑﺮ‬
‫َ َْ‬ ‫ﺎ‪،‬‬‫ﻬ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫أﳕﺎﻃ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫َف‬ ‫ﻼ‬ ‫اﺧﺘ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫واﻟﺴﺎدس ﻋﺸﺮ ﻣﺎ ﻳﻠﻲ‪:‬‬
‫ّ‬
‫ﻋﻠﻴ َﻬﺎ‬
‫ْ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫اﻟﺪاﺧﻞُ‬ ‫ـﺮف ّ‬ ‫ﺑﻴﻨﻬﺎ ُﻫ َﻮ اﳊـ ُ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫اﻟﻔﺎر ُِق‬
‫ﺎن َ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ﺗﺸــﺎﺑُ ٌﻪ ﻓﻲ ﺻﻴﻐﺔ اﻟﻔﻌــﻞ َوﻛَ َ‬
‫أوﻻ ً‪ -:‬أن أزﻣﻨﺔ اﻟﻔﻌﻞ ﻫ َ‬
‫َو ْﺣ َﺪ ُه‪.‬‬ ‫ﻲ‪:‬‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ّ‬
‫ﻲ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫وأن‬
‫ﻣﺘﻜﺴﺮَ ٌة‪ ،‬ﱠ‬ ‫ْﺪ ٌة أو‬
‫ﺻﻠ ُ‬ ‫ﺛﺎﻟﺜﺎ‪ :‬ﻧﺴــﺘﺨﻠِ ُ‬ ‫ﺚ َواﳌﺎﺿﻲ اﳌ َْﻨﻔ ﱡ‬
‫‪ ‬اﳌﺎﺿﻲ اﳌ ُ ْﺜ َﺒ ُ‬
‫ﱢ‬ ‫ﻣﺎد َة اﻟﻔﻌﻞِ اﻷﻣﺎزﻳﻐﻲ َ‬ ‫أن ﱠ‬ ‫ﺺ ﱠ‬
‫ﻲ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ﳕﻄﻴﺔ‪ٍ،‬‬
‫ّ‬ ‫ٍ‬
‫ﺴـ َـﺮة‬
‫وﻣ َﺘﻜَ ﱢ‬‫ْﺪة‪ُ ،‬‬‫ٍ‬ ‫ﺻﻠ َ‬‫ﺗﺼﻨﻴﻒ اﻷﻓﻌﺎل إﻟﻰ َ‬ ‫ُ‬ ‫ﻳﻨﺒ ِﻨﻲ‬
‫ﻋﻠَﻰ ﻫﺬه ﻇﺎﻫﺮة َ‬ ‫ﺚ َواﳊﺎﺿﺮُ اﳌ َْﻨﻔ ﱡ‬ ‫‪ ‬اﳊﺎﺿﺮُ اﳌ ُ ْﺜ َﺒ ُ‬
‫ﻣﻌﺎﻧﻴﻬﺎ‬ ‫وﺑﲔ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ة‬ ‫َﺰﻳﺪ‬ ‫ﳌ‬ ‫ا‬ ‫اﻷﻓﻌﺎلِ‬ ‫ﻎ‬ ‫ﻴ‬‫ﺻ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ُ ﱠ ْ َ َ ِ‬‫ﺑﲔ‬ ‫أن‬ ‫وﻧﺴﺘﺨﻠﺺ‬ ‫ﺴﺮَ ٍة ُﻣﺘﻔﺮﱢ َد ٍة‪.‬‬ ‫وﻣ َﺘﻜَ ﱢ‬ ‫ﻲ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫َ‬ ‫ْ َ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫ُ‬ ‫ﺚ َواﳌ ُﺴﺘﻘﺒﻞ اﳌ َْﻨﻔ ﱡ‬ ‫‪ ‬اﳌ ُﺴﺘﻘﺒﻞ اﳌ ُ ْﺜ َﺒ ُ‬
‫اﻟﺘﻔﻌﻴﻞِ‬
‫ﺻﻴﻐﺔ ّ‬ ‫ُ‬ ‫اﻟﺮﺋﻴﺴﻴﺔ‪:‬‬ ‫ّ‬ ‫ﻼث‬‫ِ‬ ‫ﺜ‬
‫ّ‬ ‫اﻟ‬ ‫ﻎ‬‫ِ‬ ‫ﻴ‬ ‫اﻟﺼ‬
‫ّ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻮح‬
‫ٍ‬ ‫ﺿ‬‫ُ‬ ‫ِﻮ‬
‫ُ‬ ‫ﺑ‬ ‫ﻪ‬ ‫ُ‬ ‫ِﻴﻨ‬
‫ُ‬ ‫ﺒ‬ ‫ـﺘ‬
‫َ‬ ‫ـ‬‫ﺴ‬ ‫ْ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫ﻧ‬ ‫ً‬ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﻄ‬‫ُ‬ ‫ﺗﺮاﺑ‬
‫‪ُ ‬ﻣﺴﺘﻘﺒﻞ اﳌ ُﻌﺎودة َوﺗَ ْﺮكُ اﳌ ُﻌﺎودة ﻓﻲ اﳌﺴﺘﻘﺒﻞ‬
‫اﻟﺘ َﻔ ﱡﻌﻞِ واﻻﻧﻔﻌﺎلِ‪.‬‬ ‫وﺻﻴﻐ ِﺔ ﱠ‬
‫َ‬ ‫ﺎﻋﻞِ ؛‬ ‫ُﻔﺎﻋﻠَ ِﺔ ﱠ‬
‫واﻟﺘ َﻔ ُ‬ ‫وﺻﻴﻐﺔ اﳌ َ‬ ‫ُ‬ ‫واﻹﻓﻌﺎلِ ‪،‬‬
‫ﻲ‬
‫اﻟﻨﻬ ُ‬
‫اﻷﻣﺮُ َو ْ ّ‬
‫‪ْ ‬‬
‫ﱡﻢ‬ ‫ـﺪ ِد‪ ،‬ﱠ‬
‫وأن ﺗَ َﻌﻠ َ‬ ‫ـﺮ َد ِة ﻗﻠﻴﻠــﺔ اﻟﻌـ َ‬‫أن اﻷﻓﻌــﺎلَ اﳌ َُﺘ َﻔـ ّ‬ ‫ﺺ ﱠ‬ ‫راﺑﻌـﺎ‪ :‬ﻧﺴــﺘﺨﻠِ ُ‬ ‫ﻲ َﻋﻦِ اﳌ ُﻌﺎودة‬
‫وﳑﺎرﺳ ِﺔ اﻟﻠ َﱡﻐ ِﺔ‪،‬‬ ‫اﻟﻨﻬ ُ‬
‫‪ ‬اﻷﻣﺮُ ﺑﺎﳌ ُﻌﺎودة َو ْ ّ‬
‫ﺎع ُ‬ ‫ﻳﻜﻮن إﻻﱠ ﺑﻮاﺳــﻄ ِﺔ ﱠ‬
‫اﻟﺴ َﻤ ِ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫ﻜ ُﻦ أن‬ ‫ﺗﺼﺮﻳﻔ َﻬﺎ ﻻَ ُﳝ ْ ِ‬
‫ِ‬ ‫ﻃﺮاﺋﻖ‬
‫ِ‬
‫ﺷﺄ ِن ﻛُ ﻞﱢ ِﻓ ْﻌﻞٍ ِﻣ ْﻨ َﻬﺎ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻲ‬‫ﻓ‬‫ِ‬ ‫ﻢ‬ ‫ﺎﺟِ‬ ‫َﻌ‬ ‫ﳌ‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ﺎت‬ ‫ﻨ‬‫ﻴ‬ ‫ﺑ‬ ‫َﻰ‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ‫إ‬ ‫ﻮع‬ ‫ـﺨﻴﺺ زﻣــﻦِ اﻟﻔﻌﻞ‪:‬‬‫ِ‬ ‫ﻌﲔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﺸـ‬ ‫وأن اﳊــﺮوف اﳌﺮاﻓﻘــﺔ ﻟﻠﻔﻌــﻞ ﺗُ ُ‬ ‫‪ -‬ﱠ‬
‫َ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫َََ‬ ‫وﺑﺎﻟﺮ ُ ِ‬
‫ﺟ‬ ‫ّ‬
‫وف اﻟﺜﻼﺛﺔ "أر" َو "أل" َو "ﻻّ" ﻻ ﺗﺮاﻓﻖ إﻻﱠ اﳊﺎﺿﺮَ اﳌ ُﺜﺒﺖ‪ .‬اﳊﺮﻓﺎن "ؤردا" َو‬ ‫اﳊُــﺮُ ُ‬
‫ﻃﺮاﺋ ِ َﻖ‬ ‫ﺒﲔ َ‬ ‫ـﻨ ﱢ ُ‬ ‫ـﻢ اﻷﻓﻌــﺎلَ اﻟّﺘﻲ ﺳـ ُ‬ ‫ﺴـ ُ‬ ‫ـﺬ ِه اﻻﻋﺘﺒﺎرات ﻧ َ ْﻘ ِ‬ ‫ـﺎء َﻋﻠَــﻰ َﻫـ ِ‬ ‫ﺑ َِﻨـ ً‬ ‫ﺮاﻓﻖ إِﻻﱠ اﳌ ُﺴﺘﻘﺒﻞ اﳌ ُﺜﺒﺖ‬‫ُ ُ‬ ‫ﻳ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫"أد"‬ ‫اﳊﺮف‬
‫ُ‬ ‫‪.‬‬ ‫اﳌﻨﻔﻲ‬
‫ﱠ‬ ‫اﳊﺎﺿﺮ‬ ‫ﱠ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫إ‬ ‫ﺮاﻓﻘﺎن‬ ‫"ورا" ﻻ ُ‬
‫ﻳ‬
‫ﺨ ُﺬ ُه‬‫اﺣ ٍﺪ ﻧ َ ﱠﺘ ِ‬‫ـﺘ ِﻤﻞُ إِﻻﱠ َﻋﻠَﻰ ِﻓ ْﻌﻞٍ َو ِ‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫ﺸ‬
‫َ َ َ ْ َ‬‫ﺗ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫َﻫ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫أو‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫ٍ‬
‫ﺎت‬ ‫ﻮﻋ‬ ‫ﻤ‬ ‫ﺠ‬
‫َ ْ ُ َ‬ ‫ﻣ‬ ‫َﻰ‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ‫إ‬ ‫ـﺎ‬
‫ـ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ﺗﺼﺮﻳﻔ َﻬ‬
‫ﻣﻔﻬﻮم اﳌ ُﻌﺎودة(‪ .‬اﳊﺮﻓﺎن "را" َو "ﻏﺎ" ﻳُﺮاﻓﻘﺎن‬ ‫َ‬ ‫ﻀ ّﻤ ُﻦ‬ ‫)اﻟﻌﺎدي ِﻣ ْﻨ ُﻪ واﻟّﺬي ﻳ َ َﺘ َ‬
‫ﱠ‬
‫ِﻳﻒ‪.‬‬ ‫اﻟﺘﺼﺎر ِ‬ ‫ْﺴــﻠَ َﺔ ّ‬ ‫ﺳﻠ ِ‬ ‫ـﺪئ ِ‬
‫ـﺪ ِة؛ وﺑ ِ ِﻪ ﻧ َ ْﺒ َﺘـ ُ‬
‫اﻟﺼﻠْـ َ‬‫ّ‬ ‫ﻟﺘﺼﺮﻳﻒ اﻷﻓﻌــﺎلِ‬‫ِ‬ ‫َﳕُﻮ َذﺟــﺎ ً‬ ‫ﻮن اﳉُﻤﻠﺔ ﻣﻮﺻﻮﻟِ ﱠﻴﺔ ْأو اﺳﺘﻔﻬﺎﻣﻴﺔ‪.‬‬ ‫ُ‬ ‫ﻜُ‬ ‫ﺗ‬
‫َ َ‬‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺪﻣ‬ ‫ﺑﻨﻮﻋﻴﻪ‪،‬‬ ‫اﳌﺴﺘﻘﺒﻞ ْأﻳﻀﺎ ً‪،‬‬
‫ﺐ"‪.‬‬ ‫َ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ﺤ‬ ‫ﺻ‬ ‫"‪،‬‬
‫َ َ َ َ‬ ‫ﻖ‬ ‫ﻓ‬ ‫ا‬‫"ر‬ ‫ﻰ‬‫ﻨ‬ ‫ﻌ‬ ‫ﲟِ‬
‫ُ َ َْ َ‬ ‫ﻮ‬ ‫ﻫ‬ ‫ّﺬي‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ‫ا‬ ‫"ﺋﻤﻮن"‬ ‫ﻮ‬ ‫ﻫ‬ ‫ﻌ‬
‫ْ ﻞَ َ َ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫اﻟﻔ‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ﺬ‬‫َﻓﻠ َْﻨ ْﺠ َﻌ ْ َ َ‬
‫ﻫ‬ ‫ﻞ‬
‫ﻏﻴﺮُ‪" .‬ؤراد" ﻻَ‬
‫ﺲ ْ‬ ‫اﳌﻨﻔﻲ‪ ،‬ﻟ َْﻴ َ‬
‫ﱠ‬ ‫اﳌﻨﻔﻲ أو اﳌﺴــﺘﻘﺒﻞ‬ ‫ﱠ‬ ‫ﺮاﻓﻖ اﳌﺎﺿﻲ‬ ‫ـﺮف "ؤر" ﻳُ ُ‬ ‫اﳊـ ُ‬

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‫ﻲ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫اﳌ ِ‬
‫َﺎﺿﻲ اﳌُﺜْ َﺒ ُ‬
‫اﳊَﺎﺿﺮُ اﳌ َْﻨﻔ ﱡ‬ ‫ﺚ‬

‫ﻻَ ﻧُﺮَا ِﻓ ُﻖ‬ ‫ﻧﺘﻤﻮن‬

‫ؤرا ّ‬ ‫ﻻَ أرَا ِﻓ ُﻖ‬ ‫ؤرا ّﲤﻮﻧﺦ‬ ‫رَا َﻓ ْﻘ َﻨﺎ‬ ‫ﳕﻮن‬ ‫ﺖ‬
‫رَا َﻓ ْﻘ ُ‬ ‫ﻣﻮﻧﺦ )‪(1‬‬

‫ﻻَ ﺗُﺮَا ِﻓ ُﻘ َ‬
‫ﻮن‬ ‫ؤرا ّﲤﻮﱎ‬ ‫ﻻَ ﺗُﺮَا ِﻓ ُﻖ‬ ‫ؤرا ّﲤﻮﻧﺖ‬ ‫رَا َﻓ ْﻘ ُﺘ ْﻢ‬ ‫ﲤﻮﱎ‬ ‫ﺖ‬
‫رَا َﻓ ْﻘ َ‬ ‫ﲤﻮﻧﺖ‬
‫ﻻَ ﺗُﺮَا ِﻓ ْﻘ َﻦ‬ ‫ؤرا ّﲤﻮﳕﺖ‬ ‫ﻻَ ﺗُﺮَا ِﻓ ِﻘ َ‬
‫ﲔ‬ ‫ؤرا ّﲤﻮﻧﺖ‬ ‫ﱳ‬
‫رَا َﻓ ْﻘ ُ ﱠ‬ ‫ﲤﻮﳕﺖ‬ ‫ﺖ‬‫رَا َﻓ ْﻘ ِ‬ ‫ﲤﻮﻧﺖ‬

‫ﻻَ ﻳُﺮَا ِﻓ ُﻘ َ‬
‫ﻮن‬ ‫ؤرا ّﲤﻮﻧﻦ‬ ‫ﻻَ ﻳُﺮَا ِﻓ ُﻖ‬ ‫ؤرا ْﻳ ّﺘﻤﻮن‬ ‫رَا َﻓ ُﻘﻮا‬ ‫ﻣﻮﻧﻦ‬ ‫رَا َﻓ َﻖ‬ ‫ﺋﻤﻮن‬
‫ﻻَ ﻳُﺮَا ِﻓ ْﻘ َﻦ‬ ‫ؤرا ّﲤﻮﻧﻨﺖ‬ ‫ﻻَ ﺗُﺮَا ِﻓ ُﻖ‬ ‫ؤرا ّﲤﻮن‬
‫ﻲ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫اﳌ َﺎﺿﻲ اﳌ َْﻨﻔ ﱡ‬
‫ُﻣﻼﺣﻈﺘﺎنِ‪:‬‬ ‫ﻟ َْﻢ ﻧُﺮَا ِﻓ ْﻖ‬ ‫ؤر ﳕﻮن‬ ‫ﻟ َْﻢ أرَا ِﻓ ْﻖ‬ ‫ؤر ﻣﻮﻧﺦ‬
‫واﻵﻧﻴ ِﺔ‬
‫ﱠ‬ ‫ُﻀﻮر ِ‬
‫وف اﳊ ُ‬
‫أن ُﺣــﺮُ َ‬ ‫واﻵﻧﻴ ِﺔ ُﻫـ َ‬
‫ـﻮ "أر"‪َ .‬ﻓﻠ َْﻨ َﺘ َﺬﻛّ ْﺮ ﱠ‬ ‫ّ‬ ‫ُﻀﻮر ِ‬
‫ـﺮف اﳊ ُ‬‫أ‪ -‬ﺣـ ُ‬ ‫ﻟ َْﻢ ﺗُﺮَا ِﻓ ُﻘﻮا‬ ‫ؤر ﲤﻮﱎ‬ ‫ﻟ َْﻢ ﺗُﺮَا ِﻓ ْﻖ‬ ‫ؤر ﲤﻮﻧﺖ‬
‫ﺑﻌﺾ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻣﻘﺎم‬ ‫ﺑﻌﻀﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻮم‬ ‫ﻳﻘ‬ ‫و‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﻲ‪:‬‬ ‫ٌ ِ‬
‫ٍ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫ُ ُ‬ ‫"ﻻ"‪.‬‬ ‫َ‬ ‫"أل"‬ ‫َ‬ ‫"أر"‬ ‫ﺛﻼﺛﺔ ﻫ َ‬ ‫ﻟ َْﻢ ﺗُﺮَا ِﻓ ْﻘ َﻦ‬ ‫ؤر ﲤﻮﳕﺖ‬ ‫ﻟ َْﻢ ﺗُﺮَا ِﻓ ِﻘﻲ‬ ‫ؤر ﲤﻮﻧﺖ‬
‫اﳌﻨﻔﻲ‬ ‫ﺖ واﳊﺎﺿﺮِ‬ ‫ﲔ اﳊﺎﺿﺮِ اﳌ ُ ْﺜ َﺒ ِ‬ ‫اﻟﻮ ِﺣ َ‬
‫ﻴﺪ ﺑ َ ْ َ‬ ‫اﻟﻔﺎرق َ‬
‫َ‬ ‫أن‬
‫ـﻪ إﻟَﻰ ﱠ‬‫ب‪َ -‬ﻓﻠ َْﻨ ْﻨ َﺘﺒِـ ْ‬
‫ﱢ‬ ‫ﻟ َْﻢ ﻳُﺮَا ِﻓ ُﻘﻮا‬ ‫ؤر ﻣﻮﻧﻦ‬ ‫ﻟ َْﻢ ﻳُﺮَا ِﻓ ْﻖ‬ ‫ؤر ﺋﻤﻮن‬
‫ﻲ‪.‬‬ ‫ِ‬
‫اﻟﺪاﺧﻞِ ‪" :‬أر" ﻟﻸﺛﺒﺎت‪َ ،‬و "ؤردا" ْأو "ؤرا" ﱠ‬
‫ﻟﻠﻨ ْﻔ ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫َف اﳊﺮف ّ‬ ‫ُﻫ َﻮ اﺧ ِﺘﻼ ُ‬
‫ُﻣﻼﺣﻈﺘﺎن اﺛﻨﺘﺎنِ‪:‬‬
‫اﳌﺴ َﺘ ْﻘ َﺒﻞُ اﳌُﺜْ َﺒ ُ‬
‫ﺚ‬
‫ﺲ‬ ‫ﲔ‪ .‬ﺗﻘﻮلُ ‪" :‬ﻣﻮﻧﺦ" ْأو "ﻣﻮﻧﻎ"‪َ .‬و ِﻗ ْ‬ ‫ﱢﻢ اﻟﻔﺮ ِد)‪َ (1‬ﺧ ٌ‬
‫ﺎء أو َﻏ ْ ٌ‬ ‫أ‪ -‬ﺿﻤﻴﺮُ اﳌ َُﺘﻜَ ﻠ ِ‬
‫ﺳ ُﻨﺮَا ِﻓ ُﻖ‬
‫َ‬ ‫أن ّﳕﻮن‬ ‫ﺳﺄرَا ِﻓ ُﻖ‬
‫َ‬ ‫أد ﻣﻮﻧﻎ‬ ‫أﻛﺎن ِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫اﻟﻔ ْﻌﻞُ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫ـﻮاء‬
‫ٌ‬ ‫ﺳـ‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫ﺔ‬ ‫اﻷزﻣﻨ‬ ‫ﻊ‬
‫ِ‬ ‫ـ‬
‫ﺟﻤﻴـ‬ ‫وﻓﻲ‬ ‫اﻷﻓﻌﺎلِ‬ ‫ﻊ‬‫ِ‬ ‫ـ‬
‫ﺟﻤﻴـ‬ ‫ذﻟﻚ ﻓﻲ‬
‫َﻋﻠَــﻰ َ‬
‫ﺳ ُﺘﺮَا ِﻓ ُﻘ َ‬
‫ﻮن‬ ‫َ‬ ‫أت ّﲤﻮﱎ‬ ‫ﺳ ُﺘﺮَا ِﻓ ُﻖ‬
‫َ‬ ‫أت ّﲤﻮﻧﺖ‬ ‫ﺎن ُﻣ ْﺜﺒﺘﺎ ً‪.‬‬
‫أم ﻛَ َ‬
‫ﻣﻨﻔﻴﺎ ْ‬
‫ﺳ ُﺘﺮَا ِﻓ ْﻘ َﻦ‬ ‫أت ّﲤﻮﳕﺖ‬ ‫ﺳ ُﺘﺮَا ِﻓ ِﻘ َ‬
‫ﲔ‬ ‫أت ّﲤﻮﻧﺖ‬ ‫ﻲ "ؤر" َﻋﻠَﻰ ِ‬
‫اﻟﻔ ْﻌﻞِ ‪،‬‬ ‫اﻟﻨ ْﻔ ِ‬
‫ف ﱠ‬ ‫ﺣﺮ ِ‬ ‫ﲔ اﻹ ْﺛ ِ‬
‫َ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫ﻔﻲ ُﻫ َﻮ ُد ُﺧﻮلُ ْ‬‫واﻟﻨ ِ‬
‫ﺒﺎت ّ‬ ‫اﻟﻔﺎر ُِق ﺑ َ ْ َ‬
‫ب‪َ -‬‬
‫ﻲ‪ِ ،‬ﻓﻲ ِﻛﻠ َْﺘﺎ اﳊﺎﻟﺘﲔ‪.‬‬ ‫اﻟﻔ ْﻌﻞِ َﻓﻬِ ﻲ ِ‬
‫ﻫ‬ ‫ﺻﻴﻐﺔ ِ‬ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﺲ َﻏ ْﻴ ٌﺮ‪ّ .‬‬
‫أﻣ‬ ‫ﻟ َْﻴ َ‬
‫ﺳ ُﻴﺮَا ِﻓ ُﻘ َ‬
‫ﻮن‬ ‫َ‬ ‫أد ﻣﻮﻧﻦ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ﺳ ُﻴﺮَاﻓ ُﻖ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫أد ﳝﻮن‬ ‫َ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫ُ‬
‫ﺳ ُﺘﺮَا ِﻓ ْﻘ َﻦ‬
‫َ‬ ‫أد ﻣﻮﻧﻨﺖ‬ ‫ﺳ ُﺘﺮَا ِﻓ ُﻖ‬
‫َ‬ ‫أت ّﲤﻮن‬ ‫ﺚ‬ ‫اﳊ ِ‬
‫َﺎﺿﺮُ اﳌُﺜْ َﺒ ُ‬

‫ﻲ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫اﳌﺴ َﺘ ْﻘ َﺒﻞُ اﳌ َْﻨﻔ ﱡ‬ ‫ﻧُﺮَا ِﻓ ُﻖ‬ ‫ﻧﺘﻤﻮن‬
‫أر ّ‬ ‫أرَا ِﻓ ُﻖ‬ ‫أر ّﲤﻮﻧﺦ‬

‫ﻟ َْﻦ ﻧُﺮَا ِﻓ َﻖ‬ ‫ﻧﺘﻤﻮن‬

‫ؤر ّ‬ ‫ﻟ َْﻦ أرَا ِﻓ َﻖ‬ ‫ؤر ّﲤﻮﻧﻎ‬ ‫ﺗُﺮَا ِﻓ ُﻘ َ‬
‫ﻮن‬ ‫أر ّﲤﻮﱎ‬ ‫ﺗُﺮَا ِﻓ ُﻖ‬ ‫أر ّﲤﻮﻧﺖ‬

‫ﻟ َْﻦ ﺗُﺮَا ِﻓ ُﻘﻮا‬ ‫ؤر ّﲤﻮﱎ‬ ‫ﻟ َْﻦ ﺗُﺮَا ِﻓ َﻖ‬ ‫ؤر ّﲤﻮﻧﺖ‬ ‫ﺗُﺮَا ِﻓ ْﻘ َﻦ‬ ‫أر ّﲤﻮﳕﺖ‬ ‫ﺗُﺮَا ِﻓ ِﻘ َ‬
‫ﲔ‬ ‫أر ّﲤﻮﻧﺖ‬

‫ﻟ َْﻦ ﺗُﺮَا ِﻓ ْﻘ َﻦ‬ ‫ؤر ّﲤﻮﳕﺖ‬ ‫ﻟ َْﻦ ﺗُﺮَا ِﻓ ِﻘﻲ‬ ‫ؤر ّﲤﻮﻧﺖ‬ ‫ﻳُﺮَا ِﻓ ُﻘ َ‬
‫ﻮن‬ ‫أر ّﲤﻮﻧﻦ‬ ‫ﻳُﺮَا ِﻓ ُﻖ‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻤﻮن‬
‫أر ّ‬
‫ﻳُﺮَا ِﻓ ْﻘ َﻦ‬ ‫أر ّﲤﻮﻧﻨﺖ‬ ‫ﺗُﺮَا ِﻓ ُﻖ‬ ‫أر ّﲤﻮن‬

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‫ﻲ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫اﻟﻌﺎدي اﳌ َﻨﻔ ﱢ‬
‫ﱢ‬ ‫ﺑﲔ َاﳌﺴــﺘﻘﺒﻞِ‬
‫ﺲ ْ‬‫ﻷﻧ ُﻪ ﻳ َ ْﺮ َﻓ ُﻊ اﻟﻠ ْﱠﺒ َ‬
‫أﻓﻀﻞُ ّ‬
‫َ‬ ‫واﺳــﺘﻌﻤﺎلُ "ؤردا"‬
‫ﻟ َْﻦ ﻳُﺮَا ِﻓ ُﻘﻮا‬ ‫ؤر ّﲤﻮﻧﻦ‬ ‫ﻟ َْﻦ ﻳُﺮَا ِﻓ َﻖ‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻤﻮن‬
‫ؤر ّ‬
‫َﻨﻔﻲ(‪.‬‬ ‫ﳌ‬ ‫ا‬ ‫َو ُﻣﺴﺘﻘﺒﻞِ اﳌ ُﻌﺎود ِ‬
‫ة‬
‫ﱢ‬
‫ﻟ َْﻦ ﻳُﺮَا ِﻓ ْﻘ َﻦ‬ ‫ؤر ّﲤﻮﻧﻨﺖ‬ ‫ﻟ َْﻦ ﺗُﺮَا ِﻓ َﻖ‬ ‫ؤر ّﲤﻮن‬
‫اﳌ ُﻼﺣﻈﺎت‪:‬‬
‫اﳌ ُﻼﺣﻈﺎت‪:‬‬
‫ف‬‫اﳊﺮ َ‬
‫ﻷن ْ‬ ‫ﺟﺪا‪ ،‬ﱠ‬
‫ﺼﺮﻳﻒ ُﻣﻬِ ّﻤﺔ ّ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫اﳊﺮف ِﻓﻲ ّ‬
‫اﻟﺘ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫أن وﻇﻴﻔ َﺔ‬ ‫أ‪َ -‬ﻓﻠ َْﻨ ْﻨﺘﺒ ِْﻪ إﻟَﻰ ﱠ‬
‫أﻏﻠﺐ اﳊَﺎﻻ ِ‬
‫َت‪") .‬أر‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫وﻋﻠَــﻰ ﻧ َ ْﻔ ِﻴ ِﻪ ْأو إ ِ ْﺛﺒﺎﺗِ ِﻪ ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻌ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫اﻟﻔ‬ ‫اﻟﺪﻟﻴﻞُ َﻋﻠَﻰ ز َ َﻣ‬ ‫ﻢ ﻓﻲ‬
‫اﻟﺪالَ ﺗُ ْﺪ َﻏ ُ‬ ‫ف اﻻﺳــﺘﻘﺒﺎل ُﻫ َﻮ "أد"‪َ .‬وﻟ َْﻨ َﺘ َﺬﻛّ ْﺮ ّ‬
‫أن ّ‬ ‫أن َﺣ ْﺮ َ‬ ‫أ‪َ -‬ﻓﻠ َْﻨ َﺘ َﺬﻛّ ْﺮ ﱠ‬
‫َ‬ ‫ﻞِ‬ ‫ْ‬ ‫ﻦِ‬ ‫ـﻮ ّ‬ ‫ُﻫـ َ‬
‫ِ‬
‫ﺳﺄرَاﻓ ُﻖ وأﻟْﺰَ ُم اﳌ ُﺮا َﻓ َﻘ َﺔ"(‪.‬‬ ‫اﻵن"‪َ .‬و "أد ّﲤﻮﻧﺦ = َ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ّﲤﻮﻧﺦ = أرَاﻓ ُﻖ‬ ‫ﺐ "أت ّﲤﻮﻧﺖ" ﺑ َ َﺪﻻً ِﻣ ْﻦ "أد ﲤﻮﻧﺖ"‪....‬‬ ‫ﺗﻠﻴﻬﺎ؛ َوﻟِ َﺬا ﻧ َ ْﻜ ُﺘ ُ‬
‫َ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﺎ ِء اﻟّﺘﻲ‬
‫ّ‬
‫ﻲ اﳌ ُﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﺔ ﻓﻲ اﻟﺘﻌﺒﻴﺮ ﻋﻦِ اﳌ ُﺴﺘﻘﺒﻞ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ﺳﻴﻘﻮم ﺑﺎﻟﻔﻌﻞِ‬
‫ُ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫اﻟﻔﺎﻋﻞَ‬ ‫أن‬
‫ﻴﺬ ﱠ‬ ‫ُﻌﺎود ِة ﻳُ ِﻔ ُ‬
‫َ‬ ‫أن ُﻣﺴــﺘﻘﺒﻞَ اﳌ‬ ‫ب‪َ -‬ﻓﻠْﻨﺘﺬﻛّ ْﺮ ﱠ‬ ‫ﺻﻴﻐﺔ اﻟﻔﻌﻞ اﳌﺎﺿﻲ ﻫ َ‬
‫ُ‬ ‫ب‪-‬‬
‫ْﺖ َﻣ َﺜﻼً "أد ﻣﻮﻧﺦ‬ ‫ﻣﺮ ًة َو ِ‬ ‫ﲔ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ﺣ‬ ‫ً‬ ‫ﻼ‬ ‫ـﺘﻘﺒ‬
‫ﺴـ‬‫ﻣ‬ ‫اﳌﺎﺿﻲ‬ ‫ﺐ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ﻠ‬ ‫ﻘ‬‫ﻳ‬ ‫ّﺬي‬
‫ﻟ‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ـﻮ‬‫ـ‬
‫ُ َ‬‫ﻫ‬ ‫ـﺘﻘﺒﺎل‬
‫اﻻﺳـ‬ ‫ف‬ ‫ُ‬ ‫ﺮ‬ ‫ُﺜﺒـ ِ َ َ ْ‬
‫ﺣ‬ ‫و‬ ‫؛‬ ‫ـﺖ‬ ‫اﳌ َ‬
‫إن ُﻗﻠ َ‬‫ﻌﺎود اﻟﻘﻴﺎم ﺑﻪ َوﻳ َ ْﻠﺰ ُِﻣ ُﻪ‪ْ .‬‬ ‫وﺳﻴ‬ ‫ﺑﻞ ﻣﺮارا ً‪،‬‬ ‫اﺣﺪ ًة‪ْ ،‬‬ ‫ﻻ ّ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫ُ‬ ‫َ ُ‬ ‫"أد"‬
‫ُ‬ ‫ُ‬
‫ذﻟﻚ‪َ ،‬ﻣ ﱠﺮ ًة‬
‫ـﻔﺮٍ‪ْ ،‬أو ﻧ َ ْﺤ َﻮ َ‬‫َ َ‬‫ـ‬ ‫ﺳ‬ ‫ﻲ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ﻓ‬ ‫ﻒ‬ ‫ﻮﺳ‬
‫ُ ُ ُ َ‬ ‫ﻳ‬ ‫ﻖ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ﻓ‬ ‫ﺮا‬‫ـﺘ‬ ‫ـ‬‫ﺳ‬ ‫ﻚ‬
‫َ‬ ‫أﻧ‬ ‫ﻚ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫ﻨ‬ ‫ﻣ‬‫ِ‬ ‫ﻢ‬ ‫ُﻬِ‬‫ﻓ‬ ‫ﻳﻮﺳـ‬ ‫د‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻴﻪ‪ِ.‬‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ُد ُﺧﻮﻟﻪ ْ‬
‫َ ُ‬ ‫ّ‬ ‫َ ْ‬ ‫ـﻒ"‬
‫ِ‬
‫ﺳ ُﺘﺮاﻓ ُﻖ‬ ‫ﻚ َ‬ ‫ﻮد ُﻫ َﻮ ّأﻧ َ‬
‫ﺼ ُ‬ ‫ﻮن اﳌ َْﻘ ُ‬‫ﻠﺖ "أد ّﲤﻮﻧﺦ د ﻳﻮﺳﻒ" ﻓﻴﻜُ ُ‬ ‫إن ُﻗ َ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫واﺣ َﺪ ًة‪ .‬ﱠ‬
‫أﻣﺎ ْ‬ ‫واﳊﺮف‬ ‫اﳌﻨﻔﻲ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻲ ا ّﻟ ِﺘﻲ ﻳُ َﻌ ﱠﺒﺮُ ﺑ َِﻬﺎ َﻋﻦِ اﳌ ُﺴــﺘﻘﺒﻞِ‬ ‫ِ ِ‬
‫ُ‬ ‫ﱢ‬ ‫ـﺔ اﳊَﺎﺿﺮِ ﻫ َ‬ ‫ﺻﻴﻐـ ُ‬
‫َ‬ ‫ج‪-‬‬
‫ﺮاﻓﻘ َﺔ اﺳﺘﻤﺮار ٍ َو َدوا ٍم‪.‬‬ ‫َ‬ ‫ﻣ‬‫ﻒ ُ‬‫ﻮﺳ َ‬ ‫ﻳُ ُ‬ ‫ﻲ اﳊ ِ‬
‫َﺎﺿﺮِ؛ "ؤر"‬ ‫ﻟﻨﻔ ِ‬
‫َﺎﺿــﺮِ؛ "ؤرا" ْأو "ؤردا" ْ‬ ‫ﻹﺛﺒﺎت اﳊ ِ‬
‫ِ‬ ‫اﻟﻔــﺎر ُِق‪" :‬أر"‬‫اﻟﺪاﺧــﻞُ ُﻫ َﻮ َ‬ ‫ّ‬
‫ﺣﺮ ِ‬ ‫ـﻖ" َو "ؤرا ّﲤﻮﻧﺦ = ﻻَ أرَا ِﻓ ُﻖ" َو "ؤر‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ﻓ‬ ‫ا‬ ‫أر‬ ‫ﻮﻧﺦ‬ ‫ﲤ‬ ‫"أر‬ ‫ﻮلُ‬ ‫ﺗﻘ‬
‫ُ‬ ‫ـﺘﻘﺒﻞِ‬ ‫ُﺴـ‬ ‫ﳌ‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ـﻲ‬‫ﻔـ‬ ‫ﻟِ َﻨ‬
‫ﻢ‬ ‫ف اﻻﺳــﺘﻘﺒﺎلِ "أد"‪ ،‬ﻻَ ﻳُ ْﺪ َﻏ ُ‬ ‫اﻟﺪالِ ‪ِ ،‬ﻓﻲ ْ‬ ‫ف ّ‬ ‫ﺣﺮ َ‬‫أن ْ‬‫ـﻪ إﻟَــﻰ ﱠ‬ ‫ج‪َ -‬ﻓﻠ َْﻨ ْﻨﺘﺒِـ ْ‬ ‫ُ‬ ‫ّ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫َ‬ ‫=‬ ‫‪:‬‬ ‫‪.‬‬
‫اﻟﺪ ِ‬
‫اﺧﻞُ ُﻣ َﺘ َﻐ ﱢﻴ ٌﺮ‪.‬‬ ‫ف ّ‬ ‫واﳊﺮ ُ‬ ‫ﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻔ ْﻌﻞِ ِﻫ ِ‬ ‫ﺻﻴﻐﺔ ِ‬ ‫ّﲤﻮﻧﺦ = ﻟ َْﻦ أرَا ِﻓ َﻖ"‪.‬‬
‫ث ِﻓﻲ اﳌ ُﺴﺘﻘﺒﻞِ‬ ‫ﺪ‬‫ﺤ‬
‫َ ْ ُ ُ‬ ‫ﻳ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ﳌ‬ ‫ً‬ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫َﻓ‬ ‫ﻼ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ﺧ‬ ‫‪،‬‬‫ِ‬
‫ة‬ ‫ُﻌﺎود‬
‫َ‬ ‫ﳌ‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ـﺘﻘﺒﻞِ‬ ‫ﺴـ‬ ‫ﻣ‬
‫ُ‬ ‫ﻲ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ﻓ‬ ‫ﻪ‬‫ِ‬ ‫ﻠﻴ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﺎ ِء ِﺣ َ‬
‫ﲔ ﺗَ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ ﱠ‬ ‫ْ‬ ‫ﻲﻫ َ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫ُ‬
‫ـﺘﻘﺒﻞُ‬
‫ﻳﺒﺘﺪئ ﺑ َِﻬﺎ ُﻣﺴـ َ‬ ‫ُ‬ ‫ـﺎءات ا ّﻟ ِﺘﻲ‬‫ِ‬ ‫اﻟﺘـ‬
‫أن ّ‬ ‫ـﺒﺐ ُﻫ َﻮ ﱠ‬ ‫واﻟﺴـ ُ‬ ‫اﻟﺒﺴـ ِ‬
‫ـﻴﻂ‪.‬‬ ‫اﻟﻌﺎدي َ‬ ‫ﻲ‬ ‫ٍ ِ‬ ‫ِ ﺟِ‬ ‫ﻃﺮﻳﻘﺔ ﺛﺎﻧﻴﺔ ِﻓﻲ ّ‬
‫ّ‬ ‫ﱢ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﺼﺮﻳﻒ ﱡﺪ ﺑﺴﻴﻄﺔ‪ ،‬ﻫ َ‬ ‫ٌ‬ ‫اﳌﻨﻔﻲ‬
‫ﱢ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻤﺴــﺘﻘﺒﻞِ‬ ‫د‪ُ -‬‬
‫اﻹدﻏﺎم‪.‬‬ ‫ﻞُ‬‫ﺒ‬ ‫ﻘ‬
‫َْ َ‬ ‫ﺗ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫ً‪،‬‬ ‫ﻼ‬ ‫أﺻ‬
‫ُﻌﺎو َد َ ٌ ُ َ ﱠ َ ٌ ْ‬
‫ﺔ‬ ‫ﻔ‬‫ﻌ‬ ‫ﻀ‬ ‫ﻣ‬ ‫ﺎءات‬ ‫ﺗ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ة‬ ‫اﳌ َ‬ ‫ﺳــﺄرا ِﻓ ُﻖ" َو "ؤراد ﻣﻮﻧﺦ = ﻟ َْﻦ‬
‫َ‬ ‫ض "أد" بِ "وراد"‪ .‬ﺗﻘــﻮلُ ‪" :‬أد ﻣﻮﻧﺦ = َ‬ ‫ـﻮ َ‬ ‫أن ﻳُ َﻌـ ﱠ‬
‫ْ‬
‫أرَا ِﻓ َﻖ" َو َﻫﻜَ َﺬا َد َواﻟ َْﻴ َ‬
‫ﻚ‪.‬‬
‫ﻲ‬
‫اﻷﻣﺮُ اﻟ ﱠﻨ ْﻬ ُ‬
‫ُﻌﺎو َدةِ اﳌُﺜْ َﺒ ِ‬
‫ﺖ‬ ‫ﺴﺘﻘ َﺒﻞُ اﳌ َ‬
‫ْ‬ ‫ُﻣ‬
‫ﻻَ ﺗُﺮا ِﻓ ْﻖ‬ ‫أدور ّﲤﻮن‬ ‫رَا ِﻓ ْﻖ‬ ‫ﻣﻮن‬
‫ﻻَ ﺗُﺮا ِﻓ ِﻘﻲ‬ ‫أدور ّﲤﻮن‬ ‫رَا ِﻓ ِﻘﻲ‬ ‫ﻣﻮن‬ ‫ﺳ ُﻨﺮَا ِﻓ ُﻖ‬
‫َ‬ ‫أن ّﻧ ّﺘﻤﻮن‬ ‫ﺳﺄرَا ِﻓ ُﻖ‬
‫َ‬ ‫أد ّﲤﻮﻧﺦ‬
‫ﻻَ ﺗُﺮا ِﻓ ُﻘﻮا‬ ‫أدور ّﲤﻮﻧﺎت‪ّ /‬ﲤﻮﱎ‬ ‫رَا ِﻓ ُﻘﻮا‬ ‫ﻣﻮﻧﺎت ‪ /‬ﻣﻮﱎ‬ ‫ﺳ ُﺘﺮَا ِﻓ ُﻘ َ‬
‫ﻮن‬ ‫َ‬ ‫أد ّﲤﻮﱎ‬ ‫ﺳ ُﺘﺮَا ِﻓ ُﻖ‬
‫َ‬ ‫أد ّﲤﻮﻧﺖ‬
‫ﻻَ ﺗُﺮا ِﻓ ْﻘ َﻦ‬ ‫أدور ّﲤﻮﳕﺖ‬ ‫رَا ِﻓ ْﻘ َﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﻮﳕﺖ‬ ‫ﲔ‬‫ﺳ ُﺘﺮَا ِﻓ ِﻘ َ‬
‫َ‬ ‫أد ّﲤﻮﳕﺖ‬ ‫ﺳ ُﺘﺮَا ِﻓ ِﻘ َ‬
‫ﲔ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫أد ّﲤﻮﻧﺖ‬

‫ﺳ ُﻴﺮَا ِﻓ ُﻘ َ‬
‫ﻮن‬ ‫َ‬ ‫أد ّﲤﻮﻧﻦ‬ ‫ﺳ ُﻴﺮَا ِﻓ ُﻖ‬‫َ‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻤﻮن‬
‫أد ّ‬
‫اﳌ ُﻼﺣﻈﺎت‪:‬‬
‫ﺳ ُﻴﺮَا ِﻓ ْﻘ َﻦ‬
‫َ‬ ‫أد ّﲤﻮﻧﻨﺖ‬ ‫ﺳ ُﺘﺮَا ِﻓ ُﻖ‬
‫َ‬ ‫أد ّﲤﻮن‬
‫ﺎﻃ َﺒ ِﺔ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺐ ُ‬
‫وا‪َ ‬‬ ‫ﺎﻃ ِ‬ ‫ﺑﲔ ُ‬
‫ا‪َ ‬‬ ‫ﺸﺘﺮﻛﺔ َ‬
‫ٌ‬ ‫ﺻﻴﻐﺔ اﻟﻔﻌﻞ ُﻣ‬
‫ُ‬ ‫أ‪-‬‬
‫ﻲ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ﺴﺘﻘ َﺒﻞُ اﳌ َ ِ‬
‫اﻟﻔ ْﺮ ِد‬
‫اﻟﻌ َﺪ ِد َ‬
‫ـﻮ َق َ‬ ‫ﺜﻨﻰ ِﻓ َ‬
‫ﻴﻬﺎ‪ ،‬ﱠ‬
‫وأن َﻣﺎ َﻓـ ْ‬ ‫أن اﻷﻣﺎزﻳﻐﻴــﺔ ﻻَ ُﻣ ﱠ‬
‫ـﺮ ﱠ‬
‫ب‪َ -‬ﻓﻠْﻨﺘﺬﻛّ ـ ْ‬ ‫ُﻌﺎو َدة اﳌ َْﻨﻔ ﱡ‬ ‫ْ‬ ‫ُﻣ‬
‫ﻳُ ْﻌ َﺘ َﺒﺮُ َﺟ ْﻤﻌﺎ ً‪.‬‬ ‫ﻔﻲ "ؤر" ْأو "ؤردا"‪‬‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫اﻟﻨ ِ‬
‫ﺣﺮﻓﻲ ّ‬
‫ْ‬ ‫ﺑﺄﺣﺪ‬ ‫ﺴﺒﻮ َﻗ ًﺔ‬
‫اﻹﺛﺒﺎت َﻣ ُ‬ ‫ﺴﺘﻌ َﻤﻞُ ﺻﻴﻐﺔ‬
‫ْ‬ ‫)ﺗُ‬

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‫ﺎﻫ َﻤﺎ‬ ‫ج‪ -‬ﻟِ ِﻔ ْﻌﻞِ اﻷﻣﺮِ ﺻﻴﻐﺘﺎ ِن ِﻓﻲ ُﻣﺨﺎﻃﺒ ِﺔ ﺟﻤﺎﻋﺔ ّ‬
‫اﻟﺬﻛُ ﻮر ِ‪َ .‬و َﻗ ْﺪ ْأور َ ْدﻧ َ ُ‬
‫ﺼ َﺪر ُ ُه‬
‫َﻣ ْ‬ ‫ﻨﺎه‬
‫ﻣﻌ ُ‬‫ْ‬ ‫اﻟﻔﻌﻞُ‬
‫ْ‬ ‫ﺼ َﺪر ُ ُه‬
‫َﻣ ْ‬ ‫ﻨﺎه‬
‫ﻣﻌ ُ‬‫ْ‬ ‫اﻟﻔﻌﻞُ‬
‫ْ‬ ‫ﻂ َﻣﺎﺋِﻞٌ ‪.‬‬
‫ﻨﻬ َﻤﺎ َﺧ ﱞ‬ ‫ﻳﻔ ِ‬
‫ﺼﻞُ ﺑ َ ْﻴ ُ‬ ‫َﺟ ْﻨﺒﺎ ً ِﳉ َْﻨ ٍ‬
‫ﺐ‪ْ ،‬‬
‫ﺗﺎﻣﻮﻧﺖ؛‬
‫ﺗﻮﺗﻮت‬ ‫ﻲ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ّ‬ ‫ﻧَﺴ َ‬ ‫ﺋﺘﻮ‬
‫ّ‬ ‫أﻣﻮن‬
‫رَا َﻓ َﻖ‬ ‫ﺋﻤﻮن‬
‫ﻋﻦِ اﳌ َُﻌ َ‬
‫ﺎو َد ُة‬ ‫ﻲ َ‬
‫ﺎو َد ُة اﻟ ﱠﻨ ْﻬ ُ‬
‫اﻷﻣﺮُ ﺑﺎﳌ َُﻌ َ‬
‫ﺗﻮﺟﻴﺎ؛‬
‫ْ‬ ‫ﻻَ ﺗُﺮا ِﻓ ْﻖ‪...‬‬ ‫أدور ّﲤﻮن‪...‬‬ ‫رَا ِﻓ ْﻖ‪...‬‬ ‫ّﲤﻮن‪...‬‬
‫ﺗﻴﻔﺎوت؛‬
‫ﺢ‬
‫أﺻ َﺒ َ‬
‫ْ‬ ‫ﺋﻔﻮ‬
‫ّ‬ ‫ﺗﺎﺟﻴﺖ؛‬ ‫ّ‬ ‫ﺑَﺮ َِئ‬ ‫ﺋﺠﻲ‬
‫ّ‬
‫ﺗﻮﻓﺎوت‬ ‫ﻻَ ﺗُﺮا ِﻓ ِﻘﻲ‪...‬‬ ‫أدور ّﲤﻮن‪...‬‬ ‫رَا ِﻓ ِﻘﻲ‪...‬‬ ‫ّﲤﻮن‪...‬‬
‫ﺗﻮﺟﻴﺖ‬ ‫ّ‬
‫ﺋﻨﻲ‬ ‫رَأى‬ ‫ﻳﺎﻧﺎي‬ ‫ﺗﻮﮔّ ﻮﮔﺖ‬ ‫ﺑ َ ُﻌ َﺪ‬ ‫ﻳﺎﮔّ ﻮگ‬ ‫ﻻَ ﺗُﺮا ِﻓ ُﻘﻮا‪...‬‬ ‫ﻮﻧﺎت‪/‬ﲤﻮﱎ‪...‬‬
‫ّ‬ ‫أدور ّﲤ‬ ‫رَا ِﻓ ُﻘﻮا‪...‬‬ ‫ﻮﻧﺎت‪/‬ﲤﻮﱎ‪...‬‬
‫ّ‬ ‫ّﲤ‬
‫ّْ‬ ‫ّ‬
‫أﺳﮕﻮت‬ ‫ﻻَ ﺗُﺮا ِﻓ ْﻘ َﻦ‪...‬‬ ‫أدور ّﲤﻮﳕﺖ‪...‬‬ ‫رَا ِﻓ ْﻘ َﻦ‪...‬‬ ‫ّﲤﻮﳕﺖ‪...‬‬
‫ّ‬ ‫أﻛ َﺜﺮَ‬
‫ْ‬ ‫ﺋﺴﮕﻮت‬
‫ّ‬ ‫أﺳﺘﻮ‬
‫ّ‬ ‫ﺴﻰ‬
‫ْأﻧ َ‬ ‫ﺋﺴﺘﻮ‬
‫ّ‬
‫أﻣﻮات‬
‫ْ‬ ‫ب‬
‫ﺿﺎر َ َ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫ﺋﻤﻮات‬
‫ْ‬ ‫أﻣﺴﺎﺳﺎ‬ ‫َوا َﻓ َﻖ‬ ‫ﺋﻤﺴﺎﺳﺎ‬ ‫َﺣﻈ َﺘﺎنِ‪:‬‬
‫ُﻣﻼ َ‬
‫ﺗﻮﮔّ ﻮت‬ ‫ﻛَ ُﺜﺮَ‬ ‫ﺋﮕﻮت‬
‫ّ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺑﻴﺎ‬
‫ّأﺑﺎي؛ ْ‬ ‫ﻄ َﻊ‬
‫َﻗ َ‬ ‫ﺋﺒﻲ‬ ‫ﻷن ﺛﺎﻧ ِ َﻴ ُﻬ َﻤﺎ َﻣﺎ ُﻫ َﻮ‬
‫ّ‬ ‫ﺑﻴﻨ ُﻬ َﻤﺎ‪ ،‬ﱠ‬
‫ـﺮ َق َ‬
‫ﻬﻲ ُﻫ َﻤﺎ "أدور" َو "أور"؛ ﻻَ َﻓـ ْ‬
‫اﻟﻨ ِ‬
‫أ‪َ -‬ﺣ ْﺮ َﻓــﺎ ّ‬
‫أﻣﻴﺎﺳﺎي‬
‫ْ‬ ‫ﺗَﺮَا َﻓ َﻊ‬ ‫ﺋﻤﻴﺎﺳﺎي‬
‫ْ‬ ‫أﺳﻤﻮن‬ ‫ﺐ‬
‫ﺤ َ‬‫أﺻ َ‬
‫ْ‬ ‫ﺋﺴﻤﻮن‬ ‫ﻟﻸولِ‪.‬‬
‫ﱠ‬ ‫إﻻﱠ اﺧﺘﺰالٌ‬
‫أﻣﻴﺎﻣﺎژ‬
‫ْ‬ ‫ﻚ‬‫ﺎﺳ َ‬
‫َﲤ َ َ‬ ‫ﺋﻤﻴﺎﻣﺎژ‬
‫ْ‬ ‫إﻣﺎ‬
‫ـﻮم ﻟُــﺰُو ِم اﻟﻘﻴــﺎ ِم ﺑﺎﻟﻔﻌــﻞِ ‪ ،‬ﱠ‬
‫ﻔﻬـ َ‬‫ـﻦ َﻣ ُ‬
‫ﻳﺘﻀﻤـ ُ‬
‫ّ‬ ‫ب‪ -‬اﻷﻣــﺮُ ﺑﺎﳌ ُﻌــﺎود ِة‬
‫ﻚ‪.‬‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ﺷ ْﺮ ُح َذﻟ َ‬‫ﺳﺒ َﻖ َ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻻﺳﺘﻤﺮار ِ ِﻓﻴ ِﻪ وإ ِ ﱠﻣﺎ ِﲟُﻌﺎودﺗﻪ‪ْ .‬‬
‫وﻗﺪ َ‬
‫اﻟﺼ ْﻠ َﺪةِ‪:‬‬ ‫ّ‬ ‫ﺔ ﺑﺸﺄ ِن اﻷﻓﻌﺎ ِ‬
‫ل‬ ‫ﻠﻮﻣﺎت إﺿﺎﻓﻴ ٌ‬
‫ٌ‬ ‫َﻣ ْﻌ‬
‫ﱠﻢ إﻻﱠ‬
‫ـﻲ؛ ﻻَ ﻳُ َﺘ َﻌﻠ ُ‬ ‫ـﺮ ِد ﻟ َْﻴ َ‬ ‫اﻟﺼﻠ ِ ُ‬ ‫ـﺪر ُ ِ‬
‫ﺲ ﻟ َُﻪ َو ْز ٌن ﻗﻴﺎﺳـ ﱞ‬ ‫ْﺪ ا‪‬ـ ّ‬ ‫اﻟﻔ ْﻌــﻞِ ّ‬ ‫)‪ (1‬ﻣﺼـ َ‬
‫ﻤﺎع‪.‬‬
‫ﺑﺎﻟﺴ ِ‬‫ّ‬
‫واﻟﺘﻔﻌﻴﻞِ‬
‫ﱠ‬ ‫واﻟﺪالﱡ ﻋﻠَﻰ اﻹِ ْﻓﻌﺎلِ‬
‫ﱠ‬ ‫اﻟﺼﻠ ِ‬
‫ْﺪ‬ ‫ـﺘﻖ ﻣﻦ ّ‬ ‫)‪ (2‬اﻟﻔﻌﻞ اﳌﺰﻳﺪ اﳌ ُﺸـ ﱡ‬
‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ﻟﻠﻨﻤــﻂ اﻟّﺬي ُﻫ َﻮ َﻋﻠَــﻰ َو ْزﻧﻪ‪" :‬ﺋﻤﻮن‬ ‫وإﻣــﺎ َﳕَﻄﻴﺎ ﺗﺎﺑﻌﺎ ً ّ‬ ‫إﻣــﺎ ﺻﻠﺪا ً ّ‬ ‫ـﻮن ﱠ‬
‫ﻳَﻜُ ـ ُ‬
‫ـﻴ ّﻨﻲ = أَرَى"‪ِ .‬‬
‫اﻟﻔ ّﻌﻞُ‬ ‫ّ ْ‬‫ـ‬‫"ﺋﺴ‬ ‫ى"؛‬ ‫َ‬ ‫أ‬‫َ‬ ‫ر‬ ‫=‬ ‫ﺎي‬ ‫"ﻳﺎﻧ‬
‫ّ‬ ‫"؛‬‫ﺐ‬ ‫ﺤ‬
‫ْ َ َ‬‫ﺻ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫أ‬ ‫=‬ ‫ـﻤﻮن‬ ‫"ﺋﺴـ‬ ‫"؛‬ ‫ﺻ ِ َ‬
‫ﺐ‬ ‫ﺤ‬ ‫= َ‬
‫"ﺋﺴــﻴﺪف" اﻟّﺬي‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ـﻦ َﳕَﻂ ّ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ﻄﻲ ﻣـ ْ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ـﻴ ّﻨﻲ" َﳕ َ ﱞ‬ ‫"ﺋﺴـ ْ‬‫ّ‬ ‫ـﺪ؛ واﻟﻔ ْﻌﻞُ‬‫"ﺋﺴــﻤﻮن" ﺻﻠْـ ٌ‬
‫ﺳ ُﻪ ِﻣ ْﻦ ْ‬
‫ﺑﻌ ُﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺳﻨﺪر ُ ُ‬
‫ْ‬
‫ْﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻔﺎﻋﻞِ ِﻓ ْﻌﻞٌ َ‬
‫ﺻﻠ ٌ‬ ‫ﻳﺪلﱡ ﻋﻠﻰ اﳌ ُﻔﺎﻋﻠَ ِﺔ ّ‬
‫واﻟﺘ ُ‬ ‫ٍ‬
‫ﻣﺰﻳﺪ ُ‬ ‫)‪ (3‬ﻛُ ﻞﱡ ِﻓ ْﻌﻞٍ‬
‫ْﺪ ِة‪:‬‬
‫اﻟﺼﻠ َ‬
‫ﱠ‬ ‫ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ ِﻣ َﻦ اﻷﻓﻌﺎلِ‬
‫ٌ‬ ‫أﺳﻔﻠ َُﻪ‬
‫َ‬ ‫)‪ (4‬ﻓﻲ اﳉﺪولِ‬

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‫اﻟ ّﺘﻤﺎرﻳﻦ‬

‫ﻇ ْﻬﺮِ ﻗﻠﺐ‬
‫ﻆ َﻋ ْﻦ َ‬ ‫اﻟﺪرس ِﻋ ّﺪة ّ‬
‫ﻣﺮات‪ ،‬وا ْْﺣ َﻔ ْ‬ ‫راﺟﻊ ﻫﺬا ّ‬
‫ْ‬ ‫اﻷول‪:‬‬
‫اﻟ ّﺘﻤﺮﻳـﻦ ّ‬
‫ﺗﺼﺮﻳﻒ ِ‬
‫اﻟﻔ ْﻌﻞِ "ﺋﻤﻮن" إﻟَﻰ ﺟﻤﻴ ِﻊ اﻷزﻣﻨﺔ‪.‬‬ ‫َ‬

‫ﻲ"‪.‬‬ ‫ِ‬
‫"ﺋﺘﻮ = ﻧَﺴ َ‬
‫اﻟﻔ ْﻌﻞَ ّ‬ ‫اﻟ ّﺘﻤﺮﻳﻦ اﻟﺜّﺎﻧﻲ‪ِ :‬ﻗ ْ‬
‫ﺲ َﻋﻠَﻰ "ﺋﻤﻮن" ِ‬

‫‪           ‬‬

‫‪‬‬ ‫‪‬‬ ‫ـﺦ ِﻓﻲ‬
‫ﺳـ ْ‬
‫وس اﻟﺴــﺎﺑﻘﺔ َﻣﺎ ﻟ َْﻢ ﻳ َ ْﺮ ُ‬
‫اﻟﺪر ُ ِ‬
‫راﺟﻊ ﻣــﻦ ّ‬
‫ْ‬ ‫اﻟ ّﺘﻤﺮﻳـﻦ اﻟﺜّﺎﻟﺚ‪:‬‬
‫ِذ ْﻫ ِﻨ َ‬
‫ﻚ‪.‬‬
‫ﻄ ْﻲ "ﺋﺪل" َو ّ‬
‫"ﺋﻔﺮ"‬ ‫اﻷﻓﻌﺎلِ ِﻣ ْﻦ َﳕ َ ِ‬
‫ﺗﺼﺮﻳﻒ ْ‬
‫ُ‬

‫ـﺘﺮَ"‬‫ﺳـ َ‬‫ﻄﻰ‪َ ،‬‬ ‫ﳕﻂ "ﺋﺪل = َﻏ ﱠ‬ ‫ـﻦ ِ‬ ‫ﻲ ِﻣـ ْ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬

‫ـﻖ ﺗﺼﺮﻳﻒ اﻷﻓﻌــﺎلِ اﻟّﺘﻲ ﻫ َ‬ ‫ﻃﺮاﺋـ ُ‬
‫"ﺋﻔﺮ‬
‫ّ‬ ‫ﻂ‬‫ِ‬ ‫ﳕ‬ ‫ﻦ‬
‫ْ ََ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ﻣ‬ ‫ّﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ‫ا‬ ‫اﻷﻓﻌﺎلِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ﺗﺼﺮﻳﻒ‬ ‫ﻃﺮاﺋﻖ‬
‫ِ‬ ‫ﻣﻊ‬
‫َ‬ ‫اﻷزﻣﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺾ‬
‫ِ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺗﻠﺘﻘــﻲ‬
‫ﻮح ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ﺿ ٍ‬ ‫ﻚ ﺑ ُِﻮ ُ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ﱭ َذﻟ َ‬ ‫ٍ‬
‫وﺗﻔﺘﺮق َﻣ َﻌ َﻬﺎ ﻓﻲ أزﻣﻨﺔ أﺧﺮَى‪َ .‬ﻓﻠ َْﻨ ْ‬
‫ﺴ َﺘ ِ ْ‬ ‫ُ‬ ‫أﺧ َﻔﻰ؛ َﺧ ﱠﺒﺄ"‪،‬‬ ‫= ْ‬
‫ﺼﺮﻳﻒ اﻵﺗِ َﻴ ِﺔ‪:‬‬
‫ِ‬ ‫اﻟﺘ‬
‫ّ‬ ‫و‬
‫ِلِ‬ ‫َﺟ َﺪا‬

‫اﳌ ِ‬
‫َﺎﺿﻲ اﳌُﺜْ َﺒ ُ‬
‫ﺖ‬

‫ﻄ ْﻴ َﻨﺎ‬
‫َﻏ ﱠ‬ ‫ﻧﺪل‬ ‫ﺖ‬
‫ﻄ ْﻴ ُ‬
‫َﻏ ﱠ‬ ‫دﻟﺦ‬
‫ﻄ ْﻴ ُﺘ ْﻢ‬‫َﻏ ﱠ‬ ‫ﺗﺪﻟﻢ‬ ‫ﺖ‬
‫ﻄ ْﻴ َ‬‫َﻏ ﱠ‬ ‫ﺗﺪﻟﺖ‬
‫ﱳ‬
‫ﻄ ْﻴ ُ ﱠ‬‫َﻏ ﱠ‬ ‫ﺗﺪﳌﺖ‬ ‫ﺖ‬‫ﻄ ْﻴ ِ‬‫َﻏ ﱠ‬ ‫ﺗﺪﻟﺖ‬
‫ﻄ ْﻮا‬
‫َﻏ ﱠ‬ ‫دﻟﻦ‬ ‫ﻄﻰ‬
‫َﻏ ﱠ‬ ‫ﺋﺪل‬
‫ﲔ‬
‫ﻄْ َ‬
‫َﻏ ﱠ‬ ‫دﻟﻨﺖ‬ ‫ﺖ‬
‫ﻄ ْ‬
‫َﻏ ﱠ‬ ‫ﺗﺪل‬

‫ﻲ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬

‫اﳌ َﺎﺿﻲ اﳌ َْﻨﻔ ﱡ‬
‫ﻟ َْﻢ ﻧُ َﻐ ﱢ‬
‫ﻂ‬ ‫ؤر ﻧﺪﻳﻞ‬ ‫أﻏ ﱢ‬
‫ﻂ‬ ‫ﻟ َْﻢ َ‬ ‫ؤر دﻳﻠﺦ‬
‫ﻄﻮا‬
‫ﻟ َْﻢ ﺗُ َﻐ ﱡ‬ ‫ؤر ﺗﺪﻳﻠﻢ‬ ‫ﻟ َْﻢ ﺗُ َﻐ ﱢ‬
‫ﻂ‬ ‫ؤر ﺗﺪﻳﻠﺖ‬
‫ﲔ‬
‫ﻄ َ‬ ‫ﻟ َْﻢ ﺗُ َﻐ ﱢ‬ ‫ؤر ﺗﺪﻳﻠﻤﺖ‬ ‫ﻟ َْﻢ ﺗُ َﻐ ﱢ‬
‫ﻄﻲ‬ ‫ؤر ﺗﺪﻳﻠﺖ‬
‫ﻄﻮا‬
‫ﻟ َْﻢ ﻳُ َﻐ ﱡ‬ ‫ؤر دﻳﻠﻦ‬ ‫ﻟ َْﻢ ﻳُ َﻐ ﱢ‬
‫ﻂ‬ ‫ؤر ﻳﺪﻳﻞ‬

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‫ﻲ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫اﳊَﺎﺿﺮُ اﳌ َْﻨﻔ ﱡ‬ ‫ﲔ‬ ‫ﻟ َْﻢ ﻳُ َﻐ ﱢ‬
‫ﻄ َ‬ ‫ؤر دﻳﻠﻨﺖ‬ ‫ﻟ َْﻢ ﺗُ َﻐ ﱢ‬
‫ﻂ‬ ‫ؤر ﺗﺪﻳﻞ‬
‫أﺧ ِﻔﻲ‬
‫ﺗﻔﺮخ = ﻻَ ْ‬ ‫ؤردا ّ‬
‫ﲔ َ"ﺋــﺪل" َو ّ‬
‫"ﺋﻔﺮ"‪،‬‬ ‫ِ‬
‫اﳌﺎﺿﻲ ﺑ َ ْ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ﺼﺮﻳﻒ إﻟَــﻰ‬ ‫ـﺔ‪ :‬ﻻَ َﻓ ْﺮ َق ﻓــﻲ ّ‬
‫اﻟﺘ‬ ‫ُﻼﺣﻈ ُ‬
‫َ‬ ‫اﳌ‬
‫اﳊﺎﺿﺮِ اﳌ ُ ْﺜ َﺒ ِ‬
‫ﺖ(‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ﺻﻴﻐ ُﺔ‬
‫َ‬ ‫)ؤردا ‪+‬‬
‫"ﺋﻔﺮ"‪.‬‬
‫ِﺖ ﻓﻲ ّ‬ ‫ٌ‬ ‫ﺑ‬ ‫ﺎ‬‫َ‬ ‫ﺛ‬ ‫أﺻﻠﻲ‬ ‫ﻮ‬ ‫ﻫ‬
‫ُ َ‬ ‫ّﺬي‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ‫ا‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ﻳﺪ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ﺪ‬ ‫ﺸ‬
‫ْ‬ ‫اﻟﺘ‬
‫ﱠ‬ ‫ﻦِ‬ ‫ﻋ‬
‫َ‬ ‫ﻈﺮ‬ ‫اﻟﻨ‬
‫ﺑﻐﺾ ّ‬‫ﱢ‬
‫ﱞ‬
‫ِ‬
‫ﺗﺼﺮﻳﻒ‬ ‫اﻟﺴﺎﺑﻘ َﺔ‪َ ،‬و َﻗﺎر ِْن َﻣ ﱠﺮ ًة أﺧﺮى َﺟ ْﺪول‬‫اﳌ ُﻼﺣﻈﺔ‪ :‬رَاﺟِ ْﻊ اﳌ ُﻼﺣﻈ َﺔ ّ‬
‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ﺖ‬ ‫اﳊ ِ‬
‫َﺎﺿﺮُ اﳌُﺜْ َﺒ ُ‬
‫اﻟﻔ ْﺮ َق‪.‬‬ ‫اع‬
‫َ ََ ِ َ‬ ‫ر‬‫و‬ ‫؛‬‫ﺮ‬‫َﺎﺿ‬ ‫ﳊ‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ﻦ‬ ‫ﻣ‬
‫ﱠ َ َ‬‫اﻟﺰ‬ ‫ﺺ‬ ‫ﻓﻴﻤﺎ َ ُ ﱡ‬
‫ﺨ‬ ‫ﻳ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫"ﺋﻔﺮ"‪،‬‬
‫ﺗﺼﺮﻳﻒ ّ‬ ‫ﺟﺪول‬
‫"ﺋﺪل" َو ْ‬
‫ﻧُ َﻐ ﱢ‬
‫ﻄﻲ‬ ‫ﻧﺪال‬
‫أر ّ‬ ‫أﻏ ﱢ‬
‫ﻄﻲ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫أر ّداﻟﺦ‬
‫ﻲ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ُﺴ َﺘ ْﻘ َﺒﻞُ اﳌُﺜْ َﺒ ُ‬
‫ُﺴ َﺘ ْﻘ َﺒﻞُ اﳌ َْﻨﻔ ﱡ‬
‫ﺖ اﳌ ْ‬ ‫اﳌ ْ‬
‫ﻮن‬
‫ﻄ َ‬ ‫ﺗُ َﻐ ﱡ‬ ‫ﺗﺪاﻟﻢ‬
‫أر ّ‬ ‫ﺗُ َﻐ ﱢ‬
‫ﻄﻲ‬ ‫ﺗﺪاﻟﺖ‬
‫أر ّ‬
‫ﺄﻏ ﱢ‬
‫ﻄﻲ‬ ‫ﺳ َ‬‫َ‬ ‫أد دﻟﺦ‬
‫ﲔ‬ ‫ﺗُ َﻐ ﱢ‬
‫ﻄ َ‬ ‫ﺗﺪاﳌﺖ‬
‫أر ّ‬ ‫ﲔ‬
‫ﻄ َ‬‫ﺗُ َﻐ ﱢ‬ ‫ﺗﺪاﻟﺖ‬
‫أر ّ‬
‫أﻏ ﱢ‬
‫ﻄﻲ‬ ‫ﻟ َْﻦ َ‬ ‫ؤر ّداﻟﺦ‬
‫ﻮن‬
‫ﻄ َ‬ ‫ﻳُ َﻐ ﱡ‬ ‫أر ّداﻟﻦ‬ ‫ﻳُ َﻐ ﱢ‬
‫ﻄﻲ‬ ‫ﻳﺪال‬
‫أر ّ‬
‫ﺳ ُﺘ َﻐ ﱢ‬
‫ﻄﻲ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫أت ّﺗﺪﻟﺖ‬
‫ﲔ‬ ‫ﻳُ َﻐ ﱢ‬
‫ﻄ َ‬ ‫أر ّداﻟﻨﺖ‬ ‫ﺗُ َﻐ ﱢ‬
‫ﻄﻲ‬ ‫ﺗﺪال‬
‫أر ّ‬
‫ﺑﺤ ِ‬
‫ﺮف‬ ‫ﺴ ُﺒﻮ َﻗ ًﺔ ْ‬
‫)ﺻﻴﻐﺔ اﳌ َﺎﺿﻲ َﻣ ْ‬
‫ُ‬ ‫ﻮﻗﺔ بِ "ؤر"( ْأو‬
‫ﺴ ُﺒ ٌ‬ ‫)ﺻﻴﻐﺔ اﳊ ِ‬
‫َﺎﺿﺮِ َﻣ ْ‬ ‫ُ‬
‫ﻲ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ﻮﻗﺔ بِ‬‫ﺒ‬ ‫ﺴ‬
‫َ ْ ُ ٌ‬ ‫ﻣ‬ ‫اﳌﺎﺿﻲ‬ ‫)ﺻﻴﻐﺔ‬
‫ُ‬ ‫"أد"(‪.‬‬ ‫ـﺘﻘﺒﺎلِ‬‫اﻻﺳـ‬ ‫ﻲ‪.....‬‬ ‫ﻄ‬‫ﱢ‬ ‫أﻏ‬
‫ؤراد دﻟﺦ = ْ َ‬
‫َﻦ‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ‫اﳊَﺎﺿﺮُ اﳌ َْﻨﻔ ﱡ‬
‫"ؤراد"(‪.‬‬ ‫أﻏ ﱢ‬
‫ﻄﻲ‬ ‫ؤردا ّداﻟﺦ ‪ ‬ﻻَ َ‬
‫ِﻳﻒ "ﺋﺪل" وﻃﺮﻳﻘ ِﺔ ﺗﺼﺮ ِ‬
‫ِﻳﻒ ّ‬
‫"ﺋﻔﺮ"‬ ‫ﻃﺮﻳﻘ ِﺔ ﺗﺼﺮ ِ‬ ‫ﲔ َ َ‬ ‫ﻈﺔُ‪ :‬ﻻَ َﻓ ْﺮ َق ﺑ َ ْ‬
‫َﺣ َ‬
‫اﳌُﻼ َ‬ ‫اﳊﺎﺿﺮِ اﳌ ُ ْﺜ َﺒ ِ‬
‫ﺖ‪:‬ؤردا ّداﻟﺦ ‪.......................‬إﻟﺦ(‪.‬‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ﺻﻴﻐ ُﺔ‬
‫َ‬ ‫)ؤردا ‪+‬‬
‫ﺑﲔ َ َﺣ ِ‬
‫ﺎﺿﺮَ ْﻳﻬِ َﻤﺎ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺎﰋ ٌ ِﻣ َﻦ َ‬
‫اﻟﻔ ْﺮقِ ْ‬ ‫ﺺ اﳌ ُﺴﺘﻘﺒﻞَ ‪ ،‬إﻻﱠ َﻣﺎ ُﻫ َﻮ ﻧ َ ِ‬ ‫ﺨ ﱡ‬ ‫ِﻓ َ‬
‫ﻴﻤﺎ ﻳ َ ُ‬
‫أن‬
‫ﺒﲔ ُ ﱠ‬ ‫ّﺣﻘـ ِ‬
‫ـﲔ‪ ،‬ﻧ َ َﺘ ﱠ‬ ‫اﻟﺴــﺎﺑﻘﲔ واﻟﻼ ْ‬
‫ﺑﲔ اﳉﺪاول‪ّ ،‬‬ ‫ُﻼﺣﻈﺔُ‪ :‬ﺑﺎﳌﻘﺎرﻧــﺔ ْ َ‬
‫َ‬ ‫اﳌ‬
‫ﻲ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ﺴ َﺘ ْﻘ َﺒﻞُ اﳌ َ ِ‬ ‫ُﻌﺎو َدةِ اﳌُﺜْ َﺒ ُ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ُﻌﺎو َدة اﳌ َْﻨﻔ ﱡ‬ ‫ﺖ ُﻣ ْ‬ ‫ﺴ َﺘ ْﻘ َﺒﻞُ اﳌ َ‬
‫ُﻣ ْ‬ ‫ﻓﻴﻤﺎ‬
‫َ‬ ‫"ﺋﻔﺮ"‬‫ﻃﺮﻳﻘﺔ ﺗﺼﺮﻳﻒ ّ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫ـﻦ‬
‫ﻒ َﻋـ ْ‬
‫ﻃﺮﻳﻘــ َﺔ ﺗﺼﺮﻳﻒ اﻟﻔ ْﻌﻞِ "ﺋﺪل" ﺗَ ْﺨﺘﻠ ُ‬‫َ‬
‫ِ‬
‫اﳊﺎﺿﺮَ‪.‬‬ ‫اﻟﺰ َﻣ َﻦ‬
‫ﱠ‬ ‫ﺺ‬ ‫ﺨ ﱡ‬
‫ﻳَ ُ‬
‫ؤراد ّداﻟﺦ‬ ‫أد ّداﻟﺦ‬
‫ﺻﻴﻐﺔ اﳊ ِ‬
‫َﺎﺿﺮِ(‬ ‫ُ‬ ‫)ؤراد ‪+‬‬ ‫ﺻﻴﻐﺔ اﳊ ِ‬
‫َﺎﺿﺮِ(‬ ‫ُ‬ ‫)أد ‪+‬‬ ‫اﳊ ِ‬
‫َﺎﺿﺮُ اﳌُﺜْ َﺒ ُ‬
‫ﺖ‬
‫ﺗﻔﺮخ‬‫ؤراد ّ‬ ‫ﺗﻔﺮخ‬
‫أد ّ‬
‫ﺻﻴﻐ ُﺔ اﳊ ِ‬
‫َﺎﺿﺮِ(‬ ‫)ؤراد ‪+‬‬ ‫ﺻﻴﻐﺔ اﳊ ِ‬
‫َﺎﺿﺮِ(‬ ‫)أد ‪+‬‬ ‫ﻧُ ْﺨ ِﻔﻲ‬ ‫ﻧﺘﻔﺮ‬
‫أر ّ‬ ‫أﺧ ِﻔﻲ‬
‫ْ‬ ‫ﺗﻔﺮخ‬
‫أر ّ‬
‫َ‬ ‫ُ‬
‫ﻮن‬
‫ﺗُ ْﺨ ُﻔ َ‬ ‫ﺗﻔﺮم‬
‫أر ّ‬ ‫ﺗُ ْﺨ ِﻔﻲ‬ ‫ﺗﻔﺮت‬
‫أر ّ‬
‫اﻟﻔﻌﻞِ‬
‫ْ‬ ‫اﻟﺪ ِ‬
‫اﺧﻞِ ﻋﻠَﻰ‬ ‫ف ّ‬ ‫ﻈ ُ‬
‫ـﺔ‪ :‬ﺗَ َﻨ ّﺒ ْﻪ َﻣ ّﺮ ًة أﺧﺮَى إﻟَﻰ وﻇﻴﻔ ِﺔ اﳊ َْــﺮ ِ‬ ‫َﺣ َ‬ ‫اﳌُﻼ َ‬
‫ﻳﺪ ز َ َﻣﻦِ ِ‬
‫ْﺪ ِ‬
‫ِﻓﻲ ﲢ ِ‬
‫ﲔ‬‫ﺗُ ْﺨ ِﻔ َ‬ ‫ﺗﻔﺮﻣﺖ‬
‫أر ّ‬ ‫ﺗُ ْﺨ ِﻔ َ‬
‫ﲔ‬ ‫ﺗﻔﺮت‬
‫أر ّ‬
‫اﻟﻔ ْﻌﻞِ ‪.‬‬
‫ﻮن‬
‫ﻳُ ْﺨ ُﻔ َ‬ ‫ﺗﻔﺮن‬
‫أر ّ‬ ‫ﻳُ ْﺨ ِﻔﻲ‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻔﺮ‬
‫أر ّ‬
‫ﻲ ) ِﻣ ْﻦ "ﺋﺪل"(‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ْ‬
‫اﻷﻣﺮُ )ﻣ ْﻦ "ﺋﺪل"( اﻟ ﱠﻨ ْﻬ ُ‬ ‫ﲔ‬‫ﻳُ ْﺨ ِﻔ َ‬ ‫ﺗﻔﺮﻧﺖ‬
‫أر ّ‬ ‫ﺗُ ْﺨ ِﻔﻲ‬ ‫ﺗﻔﺮ‬
‫أر ّ‬

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‫ﻻَ ﺗُ ْﺨ ِﻔ َ‬
‫ﲔ‪....‬‬ ‫ﺗﻔﺮﻣﺖ‬
‫أدور ّ‬ ‫أﺧ ِﻔ َ‬
‫ﲔ‪....‬‬ ‫ْ‬ ‫ﺗﻔﺮﻣﺖ‬
‫ّ‬ ‫ﻻَ ﺗُ َﻐ ﱢ‬
‫ﻂ‬ ‫أدور ّدال‬ ‫َﻏ ﱢ‬
‫ﻂ‬ ‫دل‬
‫ﻻَ ﺗُ َﻐ ﱢ‬
‫ﻄﻲ‬ ‫أدور ّدال‬ ‫َﻏ ﱢ‬
‫ﻄﻲ‬ ‫دل‬
‫ﻈ َﺘﺎنِ‪:‬‬
‫َﺣ َ‬
‫ُﻣﻼ َ‬
‫ﻄﻮا‬
‫ﻻَ ﺗُ َﻐ ﱡ‬ ‫اﻻت‪/‬داﻟﻢ‬
‫ّ‬ ‫أدور ّد‬ ‫ﻄﻮا‬
‫َﻏ ﱡ‬ ‫دﻻت‪/‬دﻟﻢ‬
‫اﻷﻣﺮَ‬‫ﺺ ْ‬ ‫ﻳﺨ ﱡ‬ ‫ﻴﻤﺎ ُ‬
‫ـﻒ َﻓ َ‬‫ﺼﺮِﻳـ ِ‬ ‫"ﺋﻔــﺮ" ﻳﺨﺘﻠﻔﺎن ﻓﻲ ﺻﻴﻐ ِﺔ ّ‬
‫اﻟﺘ ْ‬ ‫أ‪" -‬ﺋــﺪل" َو ّ‬
‫ُﻌﺎو َد ِة‪.‬‬ ‫ﲔ‬ ‫ﻻَ ﺗُ َﻐ ﱢ‬
‫ﻄ َ‬ ‫أدور ّداﳌﺖ‬ ‫ﲔ‬ ‫َﻏ ﱢ‬
‫ﻄ َ‬ ‫دﳌﺖ‬
‫َ‬ ‫ﳌ‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ﻬﻲ َ ﻦِ‬
‫ﻋ‬ ‫ُﻌﺎو َد ِة ّ‬
‫واﻟﻨ َ‬ ‫ﺑ ِﺎﳌ َ‬
‫ـﻲ َﻋﻦِ اﳌ ُﻌﺎود ِة‪.‬‬ ‫ﺑﺼﻴﻐ ِﺔ ّ‬
‫اﻟﻨ ْﻬـ ِ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫ِﻴﻬﺔ‬‫ﻲ ِﻣ ْﻦ "ﺋﺪل" ﺷــﺒ َ‬ ‫اﻟﻨ ْﻬ ِ‬
‫ـﺔ ﱠ‬ ‫ﺻﻴﻐـ ُ‬
‫َ‬ ‫ْ‬
‫ﻲ ) ِﻣ ْﻦ "ﺋﻔّ ﺮ"(‬ ‫ِ‬
‫اﻷﻣﺮُ )ﻣ ْﻦ "ﺋﻔّ ﺮ"( اﻟ ﱠﻨ ْﻬ ُ‬
‫ب‪-‬‬
‫ﻴﻐﺘﲔ‪ِ .‬‬
‫ْ‬ ‫اﻟﺼ‬
‫ﲔ َ ّ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫"ﺋﻔﺮ"‪ .‬وﻟ َﺬا ﻻَ ُﳝ ﱠﻴ َﺰُ َﻋ َﻤﻠ ّﻴﺎ ً ﺑ َ ْ‬
‫ﻲ ﻣ ْﻦ ّ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫اﻟﻨ ْﻬ ِ‬‫ﺻﻴﻐﺔ ّ‬
‫ُ‬ ‫ﻚ‬ ‫وﻛﺬﻟِ َ‬
‫ﻻَ ﺗُ ْﺨ ِ‬
‫ﻒ‬ ‫ﺗﻔﺮ‬
‫أدور ّ‬ ‫أﺧ ِ‬
‫ﻒ‬ ‫ْ‬ ‫ّﻓﺮ‬
‫ﺄﻓ َﻌﺎلٍ ِﻣ ْﻦ َﳕ َ ِ‬
‫ﻂ‬ ‫ﻴﻬﺎ َﻗﺎﺋ ِ َﻤـ ٌ‬
‫ـﺔ ﺑ َ ْ‬ ‫ﻂ "ﺋﺪل"‪ .‬وﺗَﻠِ َ‬
‫ﺑﺄﻓ َﻌﺎلٍ ِﻣ ْﻦ َﳕ َ ِ‬
‫ـﺔ ْ‬‫َو َﻫ ِﺬ ِه َﻗﺎﺋ ِ َﻤـ ٌ‬ ‫ﻻَ ﺗُ ْﺨ ِﻔﻲ‬ ‫ﺗﻔﺮ‬
‫أدور ّ‬ ‫أﺧ ِﻔﻲ‬
‫ْ‬ ‫ّﻓﺮ‬
‫"ﺋﻔﺮ"‪:‬‬
‫ّ‬
‫ﻻَ ﺗُ ْﺨ ِﻔ َ‬
‫ﲔ‬ ‫ﺗﻔﺮﻣﺖ‬
‫أدور ّ‬ ‫أﺧ ُﻔﻮا‬
‫ْ‬ ‫ﺮات‪/‬ﻓﺮم‬
‫ّ‬ ‫ّﻓ‬
‫ﺼ َﺪر ُ ُه‬
‫َﻣ ْ‬ ‫ﺎه‬
‫َﻣ ْﻌ َﻨ ُ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫اﻟﻔ ْﻌﻞُ‬ ‫ﺼ َﺪر ُ ُه‬
‫َﻣ ْ‬ ‫ﺎه‬
‫َﻣ ْﻌ َﻨ ُ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫اﻟﻔ ْﻌﻞُ‬ ‫ﲔ‬‫ﻻَ ﺗُ ْﺨ ِﻔ َ‬ ‫ﺗﻔﺮﻣﺖ‬
‫أدور ّ‬ ‫أﺧ ِﻔ َ‬
‫ﲔ‬ ‫ْ‬ ‫ّﻓﺮﻣﺖ‬
‫ﺗﻴﻴﺘﻲ‬
‫ﺗﺎﻳﺘﻲ؛ ْ‬ ‫ب‬
‫ﺿﺮَ َ‬‫َ‬ ‫ﺋﻮت‬
‫ْ‬ ‫ﺗﺎﺿﻮري‬ ‫ﻂ‬
‫ﺳ َﻘ َ‬
‫َ‬ ‫ﺋﻀﺮ‬
‫اﻷﻣﺮَ َوﻳ َ ْﺨ َﺘﻠِ َﻔﺎ ِن ِﻓ َ‬
‫ﻴﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﺺ ْ‬ ‫ﺨ ﱡ‬
‫ﻴﻤﺎ ﻳ َ ُ‬
‫ْﺘﻘﻴﺎ ِن َﻓ َ‬ ‫ﻈﺔُ‪" :‬ﺋﺪل" َو ّ‬
‫"ﺋﻔﺮ" ﻳَﻠ ِ‬ ‫َﺣ َ‬
‫اﳌُﻼ َ‬
‫ﺗﺎﮔﻮري؛ ﺗﻴﮕﻮري‬ ‫ر َ َﻣﻰ‬ ‫ﺋﮕﺮ‬ ‫أﺑﻴﺾ‬ ‫ﻧ َ َﻘﺮَ‬ ‫ﺋﺒﺾ‬ ‫ﻲ‪.‬‬
‫اﻟﻨ ْﻬ َ‬
‫ﺺ ﱠ‬ ‫ﺨ ﱡ‬
‫ﻳَ ُ‬
‫أرﻳﻒ‬ ‫ﺎد‬
‫ْاﻧ َﻘ َ‬ ‫ﺋﺮف‬ ‫أﺳﻴﺮ‬ ‫ﺦ‬
‫ﺴ َ‬
‫َﻓ َ‬ ‫ﺋﺴﺮ‬
‫ﺎو َدةِ ) ِﻣ ْﻦ "ﺋﺪل"(‬
‫ﻋﻦِ اﳌ َُﻌ َ‬
‫ﻲ َ‬ ‫ا ْ‬
‫ﻷﻣﺮُ ﺑ ِﺎﳌ َُﻌ َ ِ ِ‬
‫أرﻳﺾ؛ ؤرض‬ ‫ط‬‫ﺿﺮَ َ‬ ‫ﺋﺮض‬ ‫أﻟﻴﻚ‬ ‫ﺎو َدة )ﻣ ْﻦ "ﺋﺪل"( اﻟ ﱠﻨ ْﻬ ُ‬
‫َ‬ ‫َﻓﺎز َ‬ ‫ﺋﻠﻚ‬
‫ﻻَ ﺗُ َﻐ ﱢ‬
‫ﻂ‪.....‬‬ ‫أدور ّدال‬ ‫َﻏ ﱢ‬
‫ﻂ‪...‬‬ ‫ّدال‬
‫ﺋﻨﻴﻢ‬ ‫أﻧ ِ َ‬
‫ﺲ‬ ‫ﺋﻨﻢ‬ ‫ﺗﺎروﺳﻲ‬ ‫ﻧَﺰَلَ‬ ‫ﺋﺮس‬
‫ﻻَ ﺗُ َﻐ ﱢ‬
‫ﻄﻲ‪....‬‬ ‫أدور ّدال‬ ‫َﻏ ﱢ‬
‫ﻄﻲ‪....‬‬ ‫ّدال‬
‫ﺼ َﺪر ُ ُه‬
‫َﻣ ْ‬ ‫ﺎه‬
‫َﻣ ْﻌ َﻨ ُ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫اﻟﻔ ْﻌﻞُ‬ ‫ﺼ َﺪر ُ ُه‬
‫َﻣ ْ‬ ‫ﺎه‬
‫َﻣ ْﻌ َﻨ ُ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫اﻟﻔ ْﻌﻞُ‬ ‫ﻄﻮا‪....‬‬
‫ﻻَ ﺗُ َﻐ ﱡ‬ ‫اﻻت‪/‬داﻟﻢ‬‫أدور ّد‬ ‫ﻄﻮا‪...‬‬
‫َﻏ ﱡ‬ ‫اﻻت‪/‬داﻟﻢ‬‫ّد‬
‫ّ‬ ‫ّ‬
‫ﺗﻮدرت‬ ‫ِﻲ‬
‫َﺣﻴ َ‬ ‫ﺋﺪر‬
‫ّ‬ ‫ﺗﺎراﻳﺎ‬ ‫َﺣﻞﱠ‬ ‫ﺋﺮي‬
‫ْ‬ ‫ﲔ‪....‬‬ ‫ﻻَ ﺗُ َﻐ ﱢ‬
‫ﻄ َ‬ ‫أدور ّداﳌﺖ‬ ‫ﲔ‪...‬‬ ‫َﻏ ﱢ‬
‫ﻄ َ‬ ‫ّداﳌﺖ‬
‫ؤﻟﻮم؛ ﺗﻴﻠﻤﻲ‬ ‫َﻏﺰَلَ‬ ‫ﺋﻠّﻢ‬ ‫ﺗﺎﻻﺳﺎ‬ ‫َﺟ ﱠﺰ‬ ‫ﺋﻠﺲ‬
‫ﺎو َدةِ) ِﻣ ْﻦ "ﺋﻔّ ﺮ"(‬
‫ﻋﻦِ اﳌ َُﻌ َ‬
‫ﻲ َ‬ ‫ا ْ‬
‫ﻷﻣﺮُ ﺑ ِﺎﳌ َُﻌ َ ِ ِ‬
‫ﺗﻮﻣﺮت‬ ‫َﻓﺮ َِح‬ ‫ﺋﻤﺮ‬ ‫ﺗﺎﻓﻮﻟﻲ‬ ‫ﺎو َدة )ﻣ ْﻦ "ﺋﻔّ ﺮ"( اﻟ ﱠﻨ ْﻬ ُ‬
‫ّ‬ ‫ﺗَﺮَكَ‬ ‫ﺋﻔﻞ‬
‫ﻻَ ﺗُ ْﺨ ِ‬
‫ﻒ‪....‬‬ ‫ﺗﻔﺮ‬
‫أدور ّ‬ ‫أﺧ ِ‬
‫ﻒ‪....‬‬ ‫ْ‬ ‫ﺗﻔﺮ‬
‫ّ‬
‫ﺗﻮﻗﻨﺎ‬
‫ﺗﺎﻏﻮﻧﻲ؛ ّ‬ ‫َﻗ ﱠﻴ َﺪ‬ ‫ﺋﻘﻦ‬
‫ّ‬ ‫ﺗﺎﻣﺎژﻳﻠﺖ‬ ‫َﻏﺮ َِم‬ ‫ﺋﮋل‬
‫ﻻَ ﺗُ ْﺨ ِﻔﻲ‪....‬‬ ‫ﺗﻔﺮ‬
‫أدور ّ‬ ‫أﺧ ِﻔﻲ‪....‬‬
‫ْ‬ ‫ﺗﻔﺮ‬
‫ّ‬
‫ؤﺳﻮف‬ ‫ﺳﻞﱠ‬
‫َ‬ ‫ﺋﺴﻒ‬
‫ّ‬ ‫ﺗﺎﻣﻨﺎﻳﺖ‬ ‫ر َ ِﻛ َ‬
‫ﺐ‬ ‫ﺋﻨﻲ‬
‫ْ‬
‫ﻻَ ﺗُ ْﺨ ُﻔﻮا‪....‬‬ ‫ﺮات‪/‬ﺗﻔﺮم‬
‫ّ‬ ‫ﺗﻔ‬
‫أدور ّ‬ ‫أﺧ ُﻔﻮا‪....‬‬
‫ْ‬ ‫ﺮات‪/‬ﺗﻔﺮم‬
‫ّ‬ ‫ﺗﻔ‬
‫ّ‬

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 ‫‪ ‬‬
‫ﺻﻴﻐﺔ‬
‫ٌ‬ ‫ﻂ ّ‬
‫"ﺋﻔــﺮ"؛ ﻟﻜﻦ ﻟ َُﻬ َﻤﺎ‬ ‫"ﺋﺴــﻦ" ﺗﺎﺑﻌﺎن ﻟِ َﻨ َﻤ ِ‬‫"ﺋﺪر" َو ّ‬ ‫ه‪ِ -‬‬
‫اﻟﻔ ْﻌــﻼَ ِن ّ‬
‫ﺼ َﺪر ُ ُه‬
‫َﻣ ْ‬ ‫ﺎه‬
‫َﻣ ْﻌ َﻨ ُ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫اﻟﻔ ْﻌﻞُ‬ ‫ﺼ َﺪر ُ ُه‬
‫َﻣ ْ‬ ‫ﺎه‬
‫َﻣ ْﻌ َﻨ ُ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫اﻟﻔ ْﻌﻞُ‬
‫واﻟﻨﻬﻲ‪ ،‬وﻓﻲ اﳌ ُﺴﺘﻘﺒﻞ ِ‬
‫ﺑﺸ ّﻘ ْﻴﻪ‪.‬‬ ‫ّ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ﺮ‬ ‫اﻷﻣ‬ ‫وﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻪ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻴ‬ ‫ﺑﺸﻘ‬
‫ّ ْ‬ ‫اﳊﺎﺿﺮ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫إﺿﺎﻓﻴﺔ‬
‫ِ‬
‫ﺗﺼﺮﻳﻒ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻴ ِﻪ ﻓﻲ‬
‫ﺲ ْ‬ ‫"ﺋﺪر" إﻟَﻰ ﻫــﺬه اﻷزﻣﻨﺔ‪ ،‬و ِﻗ ْ‬ ‫ﺗﺼﺮﻳﻒ ّ‬
‫َ‬ ‫ـﻔﻠﻪ‬
‫ﻓﺈﻟﻴﻚ أﺳـ ُ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫ﺗﺎﻣﻮﺳﻨﻲ؛‬
‫ؤﻓﻮغ؛ ﺗﻮﻓﻐﺎ‬ ‫َﺧﺮَ َج‬ ‫ﺋﻔﻎ‬
‫ّ‬
‫ﺗﺎﻣﺴﻮﻧﺖ‬ ‫َﻋﻠِ َ‬
‫ﻢ‬ ‫ﺋﺴﻦ‬
‫ّ‬
‫"ﺋﺴﻦ"‪:‬‬
‫ّ‬ ‫ّ‬
‫ؤﻟﻮف‬ ‫ﻃﻠ َﱠﻖ‬
‫َ‬ ‫ﺋﻠّﻒ‬ ‫ؤﺷﻮض‬ ‫زَﻟِ َﻖ‬ ‫ﺋﺸﺾ‬
‫ّ‬
‫اﳊ ِ‬
‫َﺎﺿﺮُ اﳌُﺜْ َﺒ ُ‬
‫ﺖ‬
‫ﺗﻮزرا‬ ‫ﻒ‬
‫ﻧ َ َﺘ َ‬ ‫ﺋﺰر‬
‫ّ‬ ‫ﺗﻮژﻻ‬ ‫ا ُْﻣ َﺘ ﱠﺪ‬ ‫ﺋ ّﮋل‬
‫ﻧ َ ْﺤ َﻴﻰ‬ ‫ﻧﺘﻴﺪﻳﺮ‬
‫أر ّ‬ ‫أﺣ َﻴﻰ‬ ‫أر ّﺗﻴﺪﻳﺮخ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﻛّ ﺴﺎ‬ ‫أزَالَ‬ ‫ﺋﻜﺲ‬ ‫ﺗﺎﻣﻮﻏﻠﻲ‬
‫ْ‬ ‫ّ‬ ‫ﻈﺮَ‬ ‫ﻧَ َ‬ ‫ﺋﻘﻞ‬
‫ّ‬
‫َﲢ َْﻴ ْﻮ َن‬ ‫أر ّﺗﻴﺪﻳﺮم‬ ‫َﲢ َْﻴﻰ‬ ‫أر ّﺗﻴﺪﻳﺮت‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺗﺮا‬ ‫َﺐ‬
‫ﻃﻠ َ‬
‫َ‬ ‫ﺋﺘﺮ‬
‫ّ‬ ‫ؤﺳﻮد‬ ‫ص‬
‫َﻏ ّﻮ َ‬ ‫ﺋﺴﺪ‬
‫ّ‬
‫ﲔ‬‫َﲢ َْﻴ ْ َ‬ ‫أر ّﺗﻴﺪﻳﺮﻣﺖ‬ ‫ﲔ‬
‫َﲢ َْﻴ ْ َ‬ ‫أر ّﺗﻴﺪﻳﺮت‬
‫اﳌ ُﻼﺣﻈﺎت‪:‬‬
‫ﻳ َ ْﺤ َﻴ ْﻮ َن‬ ‫أر ّﺗﻴﺪﻳﺮن‬ ‫ﻳ َ ْﺤ َﻴﻰ‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻴﺪﻳﺮ‬
‫أر ّ‬
‫ﺻ ﱠﺮ ْﻓ َﻨــﺎ ِﻓ ْﻌﻼً ِﻣ َﻦ‬
‫ـﻒ ﻛُ ﻠ َﱠﻤــﺎ َ‬ ‫ﻀ ِﻌﻴـ ِ‬ ‫واﻟﺘ ْ‬
‫ـﺪ اﻹدﻏــﺎ ِم ّ‬ ‫ﻮاﻋـ َ‬ ‫ـﺮ َﻗ ِ‬ ‫أ‪َ -‬ﻓﻠ َْﻨ َﺘﺬﻛّ ـ ْ‬
‫ﲔ‬‫ﻳ َ ْﺤ َﻴ ْ َ‬ ‫أر ّﺗﻴﺪﻳﺮﻧﺖ‬ ‫َﲢ َْﻴﻰ‬ ‫أر ّﺗﻴﺪﻳﺮ‬
‫ﻃﺎء؛‬
‫ً‬ ‫ﻒ‬ ‫ﻌ‬ ‫ﻀ‬ ‫ﺗ‬
‫ﱠ ّ َ ُ َ ﱠ ُ‬ ‫ﺎد‬‫اﻟﻀ‬ ‫أن‬ ‫ً‬ ‫ﻼ‬ ‫ﺜ‬ ‫ﻣ‬ ‫ﺮ‬ ‫ﻛُ‬ ‫ﺬ‬
‫ﱡ ِ َْ ُ َ َ‬‫ﻧ‬ ‫‪.‬‬‫ﻖ‬ ‫ﻄ‬‫ْ‬ ‫اﻟﻨ‬ ‫ـﻲ‬
‫ـ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ﻓ‬ ‫ﺊ‬‫َ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ﻄ‬ ‫ﺨ‬‫ﺣﺘﻰ ُ ْ‬
‫ﻧ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫اﻷﻓﻌﺎلِ ‪ّ ،‬‬
‫ﻳﻄﺎر" وﻧ َ ُﻘﻮلُ ِﻓﻲ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫اﳊﺎﺿــﺮِ "أر ّ‬ ‫ﺼﺮُوﻓﺎ ً إﻟﻰ‬ ‫ـﺬا ﻧ َ ُﻘﻮلُ ﻓــﻲ اﻟﻔﻌﻞ "ﺋﻀﺮ" َﻣ ْ‬ ‫َوﻟِـ َ‬
‫ﻲ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫اﳊَﺎﺿﺮُ اﳌ َْﻨﻔ ُ‬ ‫ﺋﻜﺎت"‪....‬‬ ‫"ﺋﻮت‪ ،‬أر ّ‬ ‫"ﺗﺎﻏﻮﻧﻲ"‪،‬‬ ‫"ﺋﻘ‬ ‫ر‬ ‫ﺪ‬
‫ْ‬ ‫وﻫﻜﺬا‪...‬‬ ‫ﻦ"‬ ‫ّ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ﺼ َ‬ ‫َﻣ ْ‬
‫ﻻَ ﻧ َ ْﺤ َﻴﻰ‬ ‫ﻧﺘﻴﺪﻳﺮ‬
‫ؤردا ّ‬ ‫أﺣ َﻴﻰ‬
‫ﻻَ ْ‬ ‫ؤردا ّﺗﻴﺪﻳﺮخ‬ ‫أﻫﻢ اﳌ َﺼﺎ ِدر ِ وأﻛﺜﺮُﻫﺎ اﺳــﺘﻌﻤﺎﻻً‪.‬‬ ‫ﻻ ّ‬ ‫ـﻼه إ ّ‬
‫ـﻮرد ﻓﻲ اﳉﺪاوِل أﻋـ ُ‬ ‫ـﻢ ﻧـ ْ‬ ‫ب‪ -‬ﻟَـ ْ‬
‫ﻻَ ﲢَ َﻴ ْ ْﻮ َن‬ ‫ؤردا ّﺗﻴﺪﻳﺮم‬ ‫ﻻَ ﲢَ َﻴ ْﻰ‬ ‫ؤردا ّﺗﻴﺪﻳﺮت‬ ‫ﻣﺜﻼً‬ ‫ـ‬
‫ـﻦ"‬ ‫"ﺋﺴ‬
‫ّ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ـﺪر ﻟﻠﻔ ْﻌﻞِ‬ ‫ٍ‪.‬‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ٍ‬
‫ﺠ ّﺮد أﻛﺜــﺮُ ﻣ ْﻦ ﻣﺼـ َ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫أن ﻟــﻜُ ﻞّ ﻓ ْﻌــﻞٍ ُﻣ َ‬‫ـﻊ ﱠ‬ ‫واﻟﻮاﻗـ ُ‬
‫ﻣﺼﺪر ٌ ﺛَﺎ ٍن‬
‫َ‬ ‫ﻞِ‬‫ﻌ‬‫ْ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫وﻟﻠﻔ‬ ‫ـﻮﻧﺖ"؛‬‫ـ‬ ‫"ﺗﺎﻣﺴ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ـ‬‫"ﺗﻮﺳ‬ ‫ﺎ‬‫ﻤ‬ ‫ﻫ‬
‫ُ َ‬ ‫ن‬
‫ِ‬ ‫آﺧﺮا‬ ‫ﻣﺼﺪران‬
‫ﲔ َ‬ ‫ﻻَ ﲢَ َﻴ ْ ْ‬ ‫ؤردا ّﺗﻴﺪﻳﺮﻣﺖ‬ ‫ﲔ َ‬‫ﻻَ ﲢَ َﻴ ْ ْ‬ ‫ؤردا ّﺗﻴﺪﻳﺮت‬ ‫ّ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫ّ‬
‫"ﺋﺮس"‬ ‫ـﻨﺎ"‬
‫"ﺗﺎﻣﺮﺳﻴﻮت"‪.‬‬
‫ْ‬ ‫ُﻫ َﻮ‬
‫ﻻَ ﻳ َ ْﺤ َﻴ ْﻮ َن‬ ‫ؤردا ّﺗﻴﺪﻳﺮن‬ ‫ﻻَ ﻳ َ ْﺤ َﻴﻰ‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻴﺪﻳﺮ‬
‫ؤردا ّ‬
‫)ﻗﻄ َﻊ(‬
‫َ‬ ‫"ﺋﺒﻲ"‬ ‫ﻳﺎء‪ ،‬أﻣﺜﺎل ّ‬‫"ﺋﻔﺮ" وﻓﻲ آﺧﺮ َِﻫﺎ ٌ‬ ‫اﻷﻓﻌﺎلُ اﻟّﺘــﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ َو ْز ِن ّ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫ج‪-‬‬
‫ﲔ َ‬
‫ﻻَ ﻳ َ ْﺤ َﻴ ْ‬ ‫ؤردا ّﺗﻴﺪﻳﺮﻧﺖ‬ ‫ﻻ ﲢَ َﻴ ْﻰ‬ ‫ؤردا ّﺗﻴﺪﻳﺮ‬
‫ف‬‫ﺼ ّﺮ ُ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ﻒ َﻣ ْﻜﺴﻮرا ً؛ وﺗُ َ‬‫ُﻀ ﱠﻌ ُ‬
‫إن ﻧُﻄ َﻖ َﺣ ْﺮ ُﻓ َﻬﺎ اﳌ َ‬ ‫ْﺪ ًة ْ‬
‫ﺻﻠ َ‬‫ف َ‬ ‫ﺼ ﱠﺮ ُ‬‫"ﺋﺠﻲ" )ﺑَﺮ َِئ( ﺗُ َ‬ ‫َو ّ‬
‫ﺋﺠﻲ‪ ،‬ﺋ ّﻠْﻲ‪.(...‬‬ ‫ﻲ‪،‬‬ ‫)ﺋﺒ‬ ‫ً‬ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﻨ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ﺎﻛ‬ ‫ﺳ‬ ‫ﻒ‬ ‫ُ‬ ‫ُﻀﻌ‬
‫ّ‬ ‫ﳌ‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﻬ‬‫ﻓ‬ ‫ُ‬ ‫ﺮ‬ ‫ﺣ‬
‫ْ ُ َ َْ َ‬‫ﻖ‬‫ﻄ‬‫ِ‬ ‫ﻧ‬ ‫إن‬ ‫"ﺋﻔ‬
‫ّ‬ ‫ﻂ‬‫ِ‬ ‫َﻋﻠَﻰ َ َ‬
‫ﳕ‬
‫اﳌ ُﺴ َﺘ ْﻘ َﺒﻞُ اﳌُﺜْ َﺒ ُ‬
‫ﺖ‬ ‫ّْ‬ ‫َ‬
‫ّ‬ ‫ﺮ"‬
‫ﻲ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫د‪ -‬ﻟِــﻜُ ﻞﱢ ِﻓ ْﻌﻞٍ َ‬
‫ﺳ َﻨ ْﺤ َﻴﻰ‬ ‫أن ّﻧﻴﺪﻳﺮ‬ ‫ﺄﺣ َﻴﻰ‬ ‫"ﺋﻨﻲ" ‪)-‬اﻟّﺘﻲ ﻫ َ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ اﻷﻓﻌﺎلِ اﻟﺜﻼﺛــﺔ "ﺋﺮس" َو "ﺋﻨﻢ" َو ْ‬
‫َ‬ ‫ﺳ ْ‬‫َ‬ ‫أد ﻳﺪﻳﺮخ‬
‫إﺣﺪاﻫ َﻤــﺎ َﳕَﻄﻴﺔ ِﻣ ْﻦ‬ ‫ـﻦ َﳕَـ ِ‬
‫ُ‬ ‫اﻷزﻣﻨﺔ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺾ‬
‫ِ‬ ‫ـﻲ‬ ‫ﻓـ‬ ‫ﺻﻴﻐﺘﺎن‬ ‫ـﻂ "أدل"(‬ ‫ِﻣـ ْ‬
‫ﺳ َﺘ ْﺤ َﻴ ْﻮ َن‬ ‫َ‬ ‫أت ّﺗﻴﺪﻳﺮم‬ ‫ﺳ َﺘ ْﺤ َﻴﻰ‬
‫َ‬ ‫أت ّﺗﻴﺪﻳﺮت‬ ‫ﻤﻂ‪ .‬ﺗَ ُﻘﻮلُ ‪" :‬أر ّﺗﺮوﺳــﺦ‪ ،‬أر ّﺗﺮوﺳــﺖ‪،‬‬ ‫اﻟﻨ ِ‬ ‫ﺑــﺎب "ﺋﺪل"‪ ،‬واﻷﺧﺮَى ﺧﺎرﺟﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ّ‬
‫ﲔ‬ ‫"ﺗﺮوس‪ّ ،‬ﺗﺮوﺳــﺎت‪ "....‬ﻓﻲ اﻷﻣﺮِ‬ ‫ّ‬ ‫ـﻮلُ‬‫ـ‬‫وﺗﻘ‬
‫اﻟﺰﻣــﻦِ اﳊﺎﺿﺮ؛ ُ‬ ‫ﻳﺘــﺮوس‪ "....‬ﻓــﻲ ّ‬ ‫أر ّ‬
‫ﺳ َﺘ ْﺤ َﻴ ْ َ‬
‫َ‬ ‫أت ّﺗﻴﺪﻳﺮﻣﺖ‬ ‫ﲔ‬
‫ﺳ َﺘ ْﺤ َﻴ ْ َ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫أت ّﺗﻴﺪﻳﺮت‬
‫ﺳ َﻴ ْﺤ َﻴ ْﻮ َن‬ ‫أد ﻳﺪﻳﺮن‬ ‫ﺳ َﻴ ْﺤ َﻴﻰ‬ ‫أد ﻳﻴﺪﻳﺮ‬
‫ﺲ‬ ‫ﺑﻨﻮﻋﻴ ِﻪ‪َ .‬و ِﻗ ْ‬
‫ْ‬ ‫اﻟﻨﻬﻲ‬ ‫وﺗﻘﻮلُ ‪" :‬أدور ّﺗﺮوس‪ ،‬أدور ّﺗﺮوﺳــﺎت‪ِ "....‬ﻓــﻲ ّ‬ ‫ُﻌﺎو َد ِة؛ ُ‬
‫ﺑﺎﳌ َ‬
‫َ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫أﻣﺎ اﻷزﻣﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﺔ‬‫ِ‬ ‫اﻷزﻣﻨ‬ ‫ه‬‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ﺬ‬ ‫ﻫ‬ ‫َﻰ‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ‫إ‬ ‫"ﺋﻨ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ﺗﺼﺮﻳﻒ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ﺬ‬
‫ﱠ‬ ‫اﻟﺜﻼﺛﺔ‪.‬‬ ‫َ‬ ‫ﻲ"‬ ‫َ ْ‬ ‫"ﺋﻨﻢ"‬ ‫ﻋﻠَﻰ َ َ‬
‫ﻫ‬
‫ﲔ‬‫ﺳ َﻴ ْﺤ َﻴ ْ َ‬
‫َ‬ ‫أد ﻳﺪﻳﺮﻧﺖ‬ ‫ﺳ َﺘ ْﺤ َﻴﻰ‬
‫َ‬ ‫أد ّﺗﻴﺪﻳﺮ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻨﻤﻂ‪.‬‬‫اﻷﺧﺮِى ﻓﺘﺎﺑﻌﺔ ّ‬

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‫ﻲ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫اﳌ ُﺴ َﺘ ْﻘ َﺒﻞُ اﳌ َْﻨﻔ ﱡ‬
‫اﻟﻨ َﻤ ِ‬
‫ﻂ‪.‬‬ ‫َﺧﺎر َِﺟ ٌﺔ َﻋﻦِ ّ‬

‫ﻂ "ﺋﺪل" واﳌ ﱢ‬
‫ُﻌﺒﺮَ ُة َﻋﻦِ اﻹﻓﻌﺎلِ‬ ‫ُﺸﺘﻘ ُﺔ ِﻣ ْﻦ َﳕ َ ِ‬
‫ّ‬ ‫إﺿﺎﻓﺔٌ‪ :‬اﻷﻓﻌﺎلُ اﳌ َﺰﻳﺪ ُة اﳌ‬ ‫ﻟ َْﻦ ﻧ َ ْﺤ َﻴﻰ‬ ‫ﻧﺘﻴﺪﻳﺮ‬
‫ؤر ّ‬ ‫أﺣ َﻴﻰ‬
‫ﻟ َْﻦ ْ‬ ‫ؤر ّﺗﻴﺪﻳﺮخ‬
‫ﻄﺄ‪ ،‬ﻓﻲ‬
‫ْﺤ ُﻖ َﺧ َ‬‫ﻀ َﻬﺎ ﻳُﻠ َ‬ ‫ﺴ ِﻪ‪ ،‬إِﻻﱠ ﱠ‬
‫أن ﺑ َ ْﻌ َ‬ ‫ﻂ ﻧ َ ْﻔ ِ‬
‫اﻟﻨ َﻤ ِ‬
‫ِﻳﻒ ّ‬ ‫ﺼﺮ َ‬ ‫ف ﺗَ ْ‬‫ﺼﺮ ُ‬‫واﻟﺘﻔﻌﻴﻞِ ﺗُ ّ‬
‫ّ‬ ‫ﻟ َْﻦ َﲢ َْﻴ ْﻮ َن‬ ‫ؤر ّﺗﻴﺪﻳﺮم‬ ‫ﻟ َْﻦ َﲢ َْﻴﻰ‬ ‫ؤر ّﺗﻴﺪﻳﺮت‬
‫ﻂ "ﺋﻜﺸﻢ"‪.‬‬ ‫َت‪ ،‬ﺑ َِﻨ َﻤ ِ‬
‫أﻏﻠﺐ اﳊﺎﻻ ِ‬
‫ِ‬
‫ﲔ‬‫ﻟ َْﻦ َﲢ َْﻴ ْ َ‬ ‫ؤر ّﺗﻴﺪﻳﺮﻣﺖ‬ ‫ﲔ‬
‫ﻟ َْﻦ َﲢ َْﻴ ْ َ‬ ‫ؤر ّﺗﻴﺪﻳﺮت‬
‫ـﺘﻘ ُﺔ ِﻣ ْﻦ َﳕ ِـ َـﻂ ّ‬
‫"ﺋﻔﺮ" َواﳌ ّ‬
‫ُﻌﺒﺮَ ُة َﻋــﻦِ اﻹِ ْﻓ َﻌﺎلِ‬ ‫ِﻳﺪ ُة اﳌ ُﺸـ ﱠ‬
‫اﻷﻓ َﻌﺎلُ اﳌَﺰ َ‬
‫أﻣــﺎ ْ‬ ‫ﱠ‬ ‫ﻟ َْﻦ ﻳ َ ْﺤ َﻴ ْﻮا‬ ‫ؤر ﺗﻴﺪﻳﺮن‬ ‫ﻟ َْﻦ ﻳ َ ْﺤ َﻴﻰ‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻴﺪﻳﺮ‬
‫ؤر ّ‬
‫ف ﺗَ َﺒﻌﺎ ً‬ ‫"ﺋﺴــﻮدر" ْأو ّ‬
‫"ﺋﺴــﻴﺪر" َوﺗُ َ‬
‫ﺼ ﱠﺮ ُ‬ ‫ﻮن َﻋﻠَﻰ َو ْز ِن ّ‬
‫ﻄﻴ ٌﺔ‪ ،‬ﺗَﻜُ ُ‬
‫ّ‬ ‫ﻤ‬
‫َ‬ ‫ﻨ‬
‫َ‬ ‫ﻓ‬
‫َ‬ ‫ﻴﻞِ‬‫ﻌ‬‫ِ‬ ‫واﻟﺘ ْﻔ‬
‫ّ‬
‫ﻚ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻟِ َﺬﻟِ َ‬ ‫ﲔ‬
‫ﻟ َْﻦ ﻳ َ ْﺤ َﻴ ْ َ‬ ‫ؤر ّﺗﻴﺪﻳﺮﻧﺖ‬ ‫ﻟ َْﻦ َﲢ َْﻴﻰ‬ ‫ؤر ّﺗﻴﺪﻳﺮ‬

‫ﻲ‬
‫اﻷﻣﺮُ اﻟ ﱠﻨ ْﻬ ُ‬
‫ْ‬
‫ﻲ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ﻻَ ﲢَ ْ َ‬ ‫أدور ّﺗﻴﺪﻳﺮ‬ ‫ﻲ‬‫ا ْﺣ َ‬ ‫ﺋﺪﻳﺮ‬
‫ﻻَ ﲢَ َﻴ ْ ْﻲ‬ ‫أدور ّﺗﻴﺪﻳﺮ‬ ‫ا ِ ْﺣ َﻴ ْﻲ‬ ‫ﺋﺪﻳﺮ‬
‫ﻻَ ﲢَ َﻴ ْ ْﻮا‬ ‫أدور ّﺗﻴﺪارت‪ّ /‬ﺗﻴﺪﻳﺮم‬ ‫ا ِ ْﺣ َﻴ ْﻮا‬ ‫ﺋﺪﻳﺮات‪/‬ﺋﺪﻳﺮم‬

‫ﲔ َ‬
‫ﻻَ ﲢَ َﻴ ْ ْ‬ ‫أدور ّﺗﻴﺪﻳﺮﻣﺖ‬ ‫ا ِ ْﺣ َﻴ ْ َ‬
‫ﲔ‬ ‫ﺋﺪﻳﺮﻣﺖ‬

‫ﺎو َدةِ‬
‫ﻋﻦِ اﳌ َُﻌ َ‬
‫ﻲ َ‬ ‫اﻷﻣﺮُ ﺑ ِﺎﳌ َُﻌ َ ِ‬
‫ﺎو َدة اﻟ ﱠﻨ ْﻬ ُ‬ ‫ْ‬
‫ﻲ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ﻻَ ﲢَ ْ َ‬ ‫أدور ّﺗﻴﺪﻳﺮ‬ ‫ﻲ‬‫ا ْﺣ َ‬ ‫ّﺗﻴﺪﻳﺮ‬
‫ﻻَ ﲢَ َﻴ ْ ْﻲ‬ ‫أدور ّﺗﻴﺪﻳﺮ‬ ‫ا ِ ْﺣ َﻴ ْﻲ‬ ‫ّﺗﻴﺪﻳﺮ‬
‫ﻻَ ﲢَ َﻴ ْ ْﻮا‬ ‫ﻴﺪﻳﺮات‪/‬ﺗﻴﺪﻳﺮم‬
‫ّ‬ ‫أدور ّﺗ‬ ‫ا ِ ْﺣ َﻴ ْﻮا‬ ‫ﻴﺪﻳﺮات‪/‬ﺗﻴﺪﻳﺮم‬
‫ّ‬ ‫ّﺗ‬

‫ﲔ َ‬
‫ﻻَ ﲢَ َﻴ ْ ْ‬ ‫أدور ّﺗﻴﺪﻳﺮﻣﺖ‬ ‫ا ِ ْﺣ َﻴ ْ َ‬
‫ﲔ‬ ‫ّﺗﻴﺪﻳﺮﻣﺖ‬

‫ﺖ!‬‫اﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴــﺔ‪ :‬ﻻَ َﺣﻴ ِْﻴ َ‬

‫ّ‬ ‫اﻟﺪﻋﺎ ِء َﻋﻠَــﻰ إﻧﺴــﺎ ٍن ﻳُ َﻘﺎلُ ﻓــﻲ‬
‫ـﺪ ﱡ‬ ‫ﻓَﺎﺋ ِ َ‬
‫ـﺪة‪ِ :‬ﻋ ْﻨـ َ‬
‫اﻷﻣﺎزﻳﻐﻴﺔ‪" :‬ؤر ﺗﻴﺪﻳــﺮت!" ْأو "ؤر‬
‫ّ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫اﳌﺎﺿﻲ‪ .‬وﻳُ َﻘﺎلُ ﻓــﻲ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﺳــﺘﻌﻤﺎل ﺻﻴﻐــﺔ‬
‫ﺎﻧﻴﺔ‬
‫َ ّ ُ‬ ‫ﺜ‬ ‫اﻟ‬‫و‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ﻤﻂ‬ ‫اﻟﻨ‬
‫ّ‬ ‫ﻦِ‬‫ﻋ‬ ‫ﺔ‬ ‫ِﺟ‬
‫َ َ ٌ َ‬‫ر‬ ‫ﺎ‬‫ﺧ‬ ‫َﻰ‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ‫)اﻷو‬ ‫اﳌﺴﺘﻘﺒﻞِ‬ ‫ﺻﻴﻐﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﺪرت!" ﺑﺎﺳﺘﻌﻤﺎلِ‬ ‫ّ‬
‫ﻄﻴﺔ(‪.‬‬‫َﳕ َ ّ‬
‫"ﺋﺪر" َو"ﻳﻴﺪﻳﺮ"‪،‬‬
‫َﻢ ﲟﻌﻨﻰ "ﻳ َ ْﺤ َﻴﻰ"‪ُ ،‬ﻫ َﻤﺎ ّ‬
‫ـﻤﺎ َﻋﻠ ٍ‬
‫اﺳـ َ‬
‫اﻷﻣﺎزﻳﻐﻴﺔ ْ‬
‫ّ‬ ‫َﻫ َﺬا‪ ،‬وﻓﻲ‬
‫ـﺔ اﻟ ﱠﺜﺎﻧِﻲ‬
‫وﺻﻴﻐـ ُ‬
‫َ‬ ‫ﻄﻴ ٌﺔ‬
‫اﻷولِ َﳕ َ ﱠ‬
‫ـﺔ ّ‬ ‫ﺻﻴﻐـ ُ‬
‫َ‬ ‫ﺻﻴﻐ ِﺔ اﳌ ُﺴــﺘﻘﺒﻞِ ؛‬
‫َ‬ ‫ِﻛﻼ َُﻫ َﻤــﺎ َﻋﻠَﻰ‬

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‫اﻟ ّﺘﻤﺎرﻳﻦ‬

‫اه‪.‬‬ ‫واﺳﺘﻮ ِﻋ ْ‬
‫ﺐ ُﻣ ْﺤ َﺘ َﻮ ُ‬ ‫ْ‬ ‫رس ِﻋ ّﺪ َة َﻣ ّﺮ ٍ‬
‫ات‬ ‫اﻟﺪ َ‬
‫راﺟﻊ ّ‬
‫ْ‬ ‫اﻷول‪:‬‬
‫ﻤﺮﻳﻦ ّ‬
‫ُ‬ ‫اﻟ ّﺘ‬

‫"ﺋﻜﺲ‬ ‫ﻢ ِ‬
‫اﻟﻔ ْﻌﻞَ ّ‬ ‫ْﻘﻰ"‪ ،‬ﺛُ ﱠ‬
‫اﻟﻔ ْﻌﻞَ "ﺋﮕﺮ = ر َ َﻣﻰ؛ أﻟ َ‬ ‫اﻟ ّﺘﻤﺮﻳﻦ اﻟﺜّﺎﻧﻲ‪َ :‬‬
‫ﺻﺮﱢ ْف ِ‬
‫ﻃﺮَ َح" إﻟَﻰ َﺟ ِﻤﻴﻊ اﻷزﻣﻨﺔ‪.‬‬
‫= أزَالَ ‪َ ،‬‬

‫إﻧﺸﺎء ﺑﺎﻷﻣﺎزﻳﻐﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺛﻼﺛﲔ ﺳﻄﺮا ً‪.‬‬

‫ً‬ ‫اﻟ ّﺘﻤﺮﻳﻦ اﻟﺜّﺎﻟﺚ‪َ :‬ﺣ ّﺮ ْر‬

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