Telugulo Matladukundam: Let Us Speak in Telugu

- - - -
TELUGULO MATLADUKUNDAM
. .
Let us speak in Telugu
(With transliteration and English translation)
C P Brown Academy
The Alpha Foundation
Hyderabad, India
1
- -
telugulo- matladukundam
-
. .
Managing Editor: GRK Murty
Senior Consultant: M Hanumantha Rao
Original in Telugu: D Sujatha Devi
Translator: Y V Ramakotaiah
Editorial Support:
Y Anand, V Aruna Devi
Chief Visualizer: A Bangaru Babu
Cover Design and Illustrations: B Anjaneyulu
@ 2008 C P Brown Academy. All Rights Reserved.
Every effort has been made to make this book the most accurate, veritable and helpful means of its kind.
However, the publisher regrets any error that may yet have crept in. The information contained in this
book is merely for reference and must not be taken as having authority of or binding in any way on the
authors, editor, publisher or sellers.
Neither this book nor any part of it may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means,
electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, microfilming and recording or by any information
storage or retrieval system, without prior permission in writing from the copyright holder.
Trademark notice: Product or corporate names may be trademarks or registered trademarks, and are
used only for identification and explanation without intent to infringe.
Only the publishers can export this book from India. Infringement of this condition of sale will lead to
civil and criminal prosecution.
First Edition: 2008
Printed in India
Published by
C P Brown Academy
The Alpha Foundation
Flat # 104, Nirmal Towers,
Megacity # 200, Dwarakapuri Colony,
Punjagutta, Hyderabad - 500 082, India.
Website: www.alphacharities.org, www.cpbrownacademy.org
Printed at:
M/s. ICIT Software Centre Private Ltd.
1, Technocrat Industrial Estate
Balanagar Cross Roads
Hyderabad-500 037, India.
2
Preface
This is the fourth module in the series that is being brought out by CP Brown
Academy to facilitate self-learning of Telugu – reading and writing – through
- taught how to identify
Roman script. The first module in the series, Varnamala,
. - was about Telugu
and write Telugu alphabet. The second module, Sabdamala,
- -
words. In the third module, Vakyanirmanamu,
. framing of sentences using the
learnt words was discussed. Now, we are confronted with the most difficult
challenge – that of the practice of talking in Telugu. So, let us practice it, for
nothing can ever be learned except by practice.
This module provides you with the basic approach and premise to converse in
Telugu. It provides you a template, around which you can weave your dialogue
that best suits the different contexts – talking to people from within the family,
neighborhood, and perhaps, ultimately, from the society at large.
Learning is after all a personal experience. It can only be realised by one’s own
effort – by one’s own practice. What this module can, at best, do is to provide
you with the rudimentary nuances and etiquettes associated with the usage of
language for maintaining beauty and grace in conversation.
Practicing conversation in Telugu, or for that matter in any language, essentially
calls for ‘discipline’. It calls for regular practice – till at least the going gets good.
But beware that we, the modern men, as Erich Fromm said, are little self-
disciplined ‘outside of the sphere of work’.
‘Fear of making a joke of oneself’ by talking disjointedly is one syndrome that is
more likely to make a learner of any language give it up half the way. That is
where ‘patience’ and ‘perseverance’ become the deciding factors of learning.
Imagine the joy that one gets in communicating with one’s kith and kin in a
language that is innate to them – visualize the sense of belongingness that such
communication engenders. It would be a sheer delight to practice a language
that has most of its words ending in the sound ‘oo’, giving it a very sing-song like
sound.
It is our earnest hope that the series would facilitate easy learning of Telugu on
one’s own. However, we solicit feedback on all these modules so as to make
them more user-friendly and effective in enhancing one’s ability to communicate
in Telugu.
GRK Murty
3
Transliteration Scheme of Telugu Alphabet
Vowels (JK«∞ÛÅ∞: Acculu)
J P–
W D
–
L T –
a a i i u u
|∞∞ |∞∂
– –
Z U –
.ru .ru .lu .lu e e
S X F
–
B JO Jó
ai o o au am. ah.
Consonants (Ç¨ÏÅ∞¡Å∞: Hallulu)
Hõ Y QÆ Ñ¶∞¨ VV
.
k kh g gh n
K« Kè« [ ~°≠ &
~
c ch j jh n
@ ~î° _» _è» }
t. th
. d. dh
. n.
`« ^äŒ ^Œ ^èŒ #
t th d dh n
Ñ¨ Ñ¶¨ | Éèí =∞
p ph b bh m
Ü«∞ ~° Å à◊ =
y r l l. v
â◊ +¨ ã¨ Ç¨Ï Hõ∆ é
s´ s. s h ksh r.
4
telugulo- matladukundam
- -
. .
-
`≥Å∞QÆ∞Ö’ =∂\Ï¡_∞» ‰õΩO^•O
Let us speak in Telugu
-' - - endukalidina
e- desamegina - -
.
-
e- pithamekkina
.
-
- evvaremanina -
pogadara - ni- talli bhumi
- bharatini
-
.
- -
nilupara- ni jati nindu
. gauravamu.
U ^Õâ"◊ ∞Õ y<å ZO^Œ∞HÍe_ç<å
U Ñ‘~"°î ∞≥ H˜¯<å Z=fiˆ~=∞x<å
á⁄QÆ_~» å h `«e¡ Éè∂í q∞ ÉèÏ~°ux
xÅ∞Ñ¨~å h *Ïu xO_»∞ Q“~°==Ú
This is a very popular Telugu song written by Rayaprolu - - Subba- Rao -
a famous poet of the 20th century. It says : ‘‘Wherever you go and whatever position
you occupy, sing the praises of your glorious motherland and keep its flag flying aloft’’.
5
munduga- oka mata
-
.
=ÚO^Œ∞QÍ XHõ =∂@
A word in advance
-
caduvu kosamo, - udyogam
- - - janmabhumiki
kosamo - - - unnappudu akkada
duranga . .
e- bhasa
-
.
- - - - a- bhasa
matladutaro
. . .
- - - ala- mana matrubhasanu
- manam matladali.
. .
-
.
-
.
-
upayogincadam -
taggipotundi.
.
K«^∞Œ =Ù HÀã¨"∂≥ , L^ÀºQÆO HÀã¨"∂≥ [#‡Éè∂í q∞H˜ ^Œ∂~°OQÍ L#flÑ¨ÙÊ_»∞ JHõ¯_» U ÉèÏ+¨ =∂\Ï¡_∞» `å~À
P ÉèÏ+¨ =∞#O =∂\Ï¡_®e. JÖÏ =∞# =∂`«$ÉèÏ+¨#∞ LÑ¨Ü∂≥ yOK«_O» `«yáæ È`«∞Ok.
When one proceeds to other lands, where one's mother tongue is not spoken, for
studies or for employment, willy nilly, one has to use the other languages to make
oneself understood. Occasions for the use of the mother tongue may become fewer.
- telugu kutumbalu
kani - kalisinappudu telugulo- matladukunte
- - -
- enta anandam!
- . . . . - .
-
anduku i pustakam upayogapadalani - ma- si. pi. braun akadami
- - cadavandi,
abhilasa.
- . . . .
mi pillalato- cadivincandi.
.
HÍx `≥Å∞QÆ∞ ‰õΩ@∞OÉÏÅ∞ Hõeã≤#Ñ¨ÙÊ_»∞ `≥Å∞QÆ∞Ö’ =∂\Ï¡_∞» ‰õΩO>Ë ZO`« P#O^ŒO! JO^Œ∞‰õΩ
D Ñ¨ÙãÎ̈HOõ LÑ¨Ü∂≥ QÆÑ_¨ ®Åx =∂ ã≤. Ñ≤. „É∫<£ JHÍ_»g∞ JaèÖÏ+¨. K«^=Œ O_ç, g∞ Ñ≤ÅÅ
¡ `À
K«kqOK«O_ç.
How wonderful would it be for the Telugu families to converse in Telugu when they
meet other Telugu speaking families on social occasions! C.P. Brown Academy,
Hyderabad, hopes and wishes that this book would be useful for such purposes. Read
this and get your children to read it.
idi ma- lerning kitlo- - - ‘varnamala’–‘varnamala
- - vark
. nalgava pustakam. modati
- . . mudu
. . - .
' -
buk’, ‘sabdamala’, - -
‘vakyanirmanamu’ miru cadive- untaru.
- i pustakamulo - nitya
- . .
jivitamulo- edurayye- aneka
- sandarbhalalo - -
- - e- vidhamga- matladutuntamo,
. . .
- - cinna cinna
- - - ivvadam jarigindi. telugulo- matladadaniki
- - - -
sambhasanala. . rupamlo . . . . idi miku
-
upayogapadavaccu. prayatnincandi.
. .
Wk =∂ ÖˇiflOQ∑ H˜\Ö ò ’ <åÅæ= Ñ¨Ùã¨HÎ Oõ . "≥Ú^Œ\˜ =¸_»∞ '=~°=‚ ∂Å—–'=~°=‚ ∂Å =~ü¯|∞H±—, 'â◊|=Ì ∂Å—,
'"åHõºx~å‡}=Ú— g∞~°∞ K«k"Õ LO\Ï~°∞. D Ñ¨Ùã¨ÎHõOÖ’ x`«º rq`«OÖ’ Z^Œ∞~°ÜÕ∞º J<ÕHõ
ãÖ^Œ~åƒùÅÖ’ U q^èOŒ QÍ =∂\Ï¡_∞» `«∞O\Ï"≥∂, z#fl z#fl ãÖÉèÏ+¨}Å ~°∂ÑÖÖ’ W=fi_»O [iyOk.
`≥Å∞QÆ∞Ö’ =∂\Ï¡__» ®xH˜ Wk g∞‰õΩ LÑ¨Ü∂≥ QÆÑ_¨ =» K«∞Û, „Ñ¨Ü∞« uflOK«O_ç.
This book is the 4th in our learning kit series. We presume that you might have read the
-
first three books–‘Varnamala’–workbook on ‘Varnamala’, - '
‘Sabdamala’- and
- . .
-
‘Vakyanirmanamu’. It provides you with different model sentences that are useful in day-
.
to-day life in the form of short dialogues. If practised regularly, you will be fluent in Telugu.
6
mana illu–mana kutumbam–bandhuvulu
.
=∞# WÅ∞¡ – =∞# ‰õΩ@∞O|O – |O^èŒ∞=ÙÅ∞
Our home–our family–relatives
- evarevaru untaro
- -a intlo -
- - miku
mana andariki oka illu untundi
. kada! . . telusu.
=∞# JO^ŒiH˜ XHõ WÅ∞¡ LO@∞Ok Hõ^•! P WO\’¡ Z=Ô~=~°∞ LO\Ï~À g∞‰õΩ `≥Å∞ã¨∞.
We all have our homes, don't we? And you know who reside in them.
-
amma, nanna - akka undoccu, celli undoccu.
untaru,
. . .
J=∞‡, <å#fl LO\Ï~°∞, JHõ¯ LO_˘K«∞Û, K≥e¡ LO_˘K«∞Û.
There will be mother and father.
There may be an elder sister or younger sister.
annayya, tammudu - - undoccu.

. kuda
. .
J#flÜ«∞º, `«=Ú‡_»∞ ‰õÄ_® LO_˘K«∞Û.
There may be Annayya (elder brother) and Tammudu
. (younger brother), too.
7
inka- cala
- - mandi intiki vastu- potuntaru.
.
-
.
- vallanta
-
..
- snehitulu.
- mana cuttalu,
..
-
WOHÍ KåÖÏ =∞Ok WO\˜H˜ =ã¨∂Î áÈ`«∞O\Ï~°∞. "åà◊§O`å =∞# K«∞\ÏìÅ∞, ¿ãflÇ≤Ï`«∞Å∞.
In addition, many people visit our house. They are all our relatives and friends.
-
nanna -
valla - - - - - -
.. amma, nanna manaku nanamma, tatayya avutaru.
<å#fl "åà◊§ J=∂‡, <å<åfl =∞#‰õΩ <å#=∞‡, `å`«Ü∞« º J=Ù`å~°∞.
-
Our father’s mother is nanamma -
(grandma), and his father is tatayya (grandpa)
- amma, -
- - manaku ammamma, tatayya
- nanna -
amma valla
.. avutaru.
J=∞‡ "åà◊§ J=∂‡, <å<åfl =∞#‰õΩ J=∞‡=∞‡, `å`«Ü∞« º J=Ù`å~°∞.
Likewise, our mother’s mother is Ammamma (granny or grandmother) for us, and
-
her father is tatayya (maternal grandpa).
-
nannaku -
annayya ayite- peddananna, -
- cinnanna
tammudaite -
avutaru.
.
-
cinnannanu kondaru babai - - pilustaru.
- - ani kuda -
.
<å#fl‰õΩ J#flÜ«∞º J~Ú`Õ ÃÑ^Œ<Ì å#fl, `«=Ú‡_≥`· Õ z<åfl#fl J=Ù`å~°∞.
z<åfl#fl#∞ H˘O^Œ~∞° ÉÏÉÏÜü∞ Jx ‰õÄ_® Ñ≤Å∞™êÎ~∞° .
-
Our father’s elder brother is Peddananna -
for us; and his younger brother is Chinnanna.
- -
He is also called ‘babai’.
-
peddananna - peddamma avutundi. babayi
bharya - - bharya
- pinni avutundi.
ÃÑ^Œ<Ì å#fl ÉèÏ~°º ÃÑ^Œ=Ì ∞‡ J=Ù`«∞Ok. ÉÏÉÏ~Ú ÉèÏ~°º Ñ≤xfl J=Ù`«∞Ok.

-
The wife of peddananna - - wife is pinni.
is peddamma, and babai’s
-
nannaku - celli unte- vallu
akka, - manaku atta avutaru.
-
. ..
-
vallanu -
menattalu -
antaru.
.. .
<å#fl‰õΩ JHÍ¯, K≥e¡ LO>Ë "åà◊√§ =∞#‰õΩ J`«Î J=Ù`å~°∞.
"åà◊§#∞ "Õ∞#`«Å
Î ∞ JO\Ï~°∞.
If our father has elder and younger sisters, we call them 'attalu'.
-
They are also known as menattalu.
8
-
atta bharta mamayya.
J`«Î Éè~í Î° =∂=∞Ü«∞º.
-
The husband of atta(aunty) is mamayya.
-
amma valla - - peddamma avutundi. cellelu pinni avutundi.
.. akka kuda
.
J=∞‡ "åà◊§ JHõ¯ ‰õÄ_® ÃÑ^Œ=Ì ∞‡ J=Ù`«∞Ok. K≥ÖÅ
¡ˇ ∞ Ñ≤xfl J=Ù`«∞Ok.
Mother’s elder sister is also called peddamma. Her younger sister is known as pinni.
- - -
amma valla.. annayya, tammudu
. mamayyalu avutaru.
-
vallanu - -
menamamalu -
antaru
.. .
J=∞‡ "åà◊§ J#flÜ«∞º, `«=Ú‡_»∞ =∂=∞Ü«∞ºÅ∞ J=Ù`å~°∞.
"åà◊§#∞ "Õ∞#=∂=∞Å∞ JO\Ï~°∞.
-
Mother's elder brother and younger brother are mamayyalu(uncles). They are also
- -
known as menamamalu.
9
-
mamayya - - atta avutundi.
- kuda
bharya .
=∂=∞Ü«∞º ÉèÏ~°º ‰õÄ_® J`«Î J=Ù`«∞Ok.
-
The wife of mamayya is also called atta(aunty).
-
inka- mana tatayyalaku, annayyalu unte -
- pedda tatayyalu, tammullu - - -
. . . unte
. vallanta
..
- -
manaku cinna tatayyalu avutaru.
WOHÍ =∞# `å`«Ü∞« ºÅ‰õΩ J#flÜ«∞ºÅ∞ LO>Ë ÃÑ^ŒÌ `å`«Ü∞« ºÅ∞, `«=Ú‡à◊√§ LO>Ë "åà◊§O`å =∞#‰õΩ
z#fl `å`«Ü∞« ºÅ∞ J=Ù`å~°∞.
-
If our tatayyalu (grandfathers) have elder brothers they are called elder grandfathers;
-
and if they have younger brothers they are called younger tatayyalu (grandfathers).
- - ammammaku, nanammaku
alage - akkalu, cellellu -
.. unte
.
- -
- manaku ammammalu, nanammalu
vallanta -
avutaru
..
JÖÏˆQ J=∞‡=∞‡‰õΩ, <å#=∞‡‰õΩ JHõ¯Å∞, K≥Ö
≥ à¡ˇ √◊ § LO>Ë
"åà◊§O`å =∞#‰õΩ J=∞‡=∞‡Å∞, <å#=∞‡Å∞ J=Ù`å~°∞.
-
So also, if ammamma (grandma) and nanamma (granny) have elder sisters and younger
-
sisters, they are all ammammalu (grandmas) and nanammalu (grannies)for us.
10
palakarimpu
1. Ñ¨ÅHõiOÑ¨Ù
Greeting
evaraina iddaru krottavallu - sambhasanalo

- kalisinapudu valla - - adige- modati prasna
'
.. . .. . . . .
- -- - - - - - kada!-
'mi peremiti?'
. ani. miraina krottavallanu
.. kalisinapudu
. ade adugutaru
.
Z=Ô~·# W^Œ~Ì ∞° „H˘`Î« "åà◊√§ Hõeã≤#Ñ¨Ù_∞» "åà◊§ ãÖÉèÏ+¨}Ö’ J_çˆQ "≥Ú^Œ\˜ „Ñ¨âfl◊ 'g∞ ¿Ñˆ~q∞\˜?—
Jx. g∞Ô~·<å „H˘`Î« "åà◊§#∞ Hõeã≤#Ñ¨Ù_∞» J^Õ J_»∞QÆ∞`å~°∞ Hõ^• !
Whenever two strange people meet the first question they ask is, "What is your
name?" Even when you meet a stranger, you too will ask him the same question.
- - - - - - cudandi.
-
ikkada
. amala, sita ela matladukuntunnaro
. . . . .
WHõ¯_» J=∞Å, ã‘`« ZÖÏ =∂\Ï¡_∞» ‰õΩO@∞<åfl~À K«∂_»O_ç.
Look, how Amala and Sita are conversing :
11
amala : na- peru
- amala. nenu - -
- vivekananda - -
- nalugava
vidyalayamlo -
taragati caduvutunna.
- - -
ni peremiti?
.
J=∞Å : <å ¿Ñ~°∞ J=∞Å. <Õ#∞ q"ÕHÍ#O^Œ q^•ºÅÜ«∞OÖ’ <åÅ∞QÆ= `«~Q° uÆ K«^∞Œ =Ù`«∞<åfl.
h ¿Ñˆ~q∞\˜?
Amala: I am Amala. I am studying in Standard IV in Vivekananda Vidyalayam. May
I know your name?
- -
sita : na- peru
- sita.
ã‘`« : <å ¿Ñ~°∞ ã‘`.«

Sita : I am Sita.
-
- caduvutunnavu?
amala : em
J=∞Å : UO K«^∞Œ =Ù`«∞<åfl=Ù?
Amala: What class are you studying in?
- -
sita : mudava
. taragati.
ã‘`« : =¸_»= `«~Q° uÆ .
Sita : Standard III.
amala : e- badilo
.
- caduvutunnavu?
-
J=∞Å : U |_çÖ’ K«^∞Œ =Ù`«∞<åfl=Ù?

Amala : What is the name of your school?
- - pathasala.
sita :'sarada- balika - '-
.
ã‘`« : âß~°^• ÉÏeHÍ áê~îâ° ßÅ.
' - - - - - '-
Sita : Sarada Balika Pathasala.
.
- - - - - - -
"ni peremiti?"
. ani evarinaina adigetappudu
. . . mundu mi peru ceppadam
. manci paddhati
''h ¿Ñˆ~q∞\˜?—— Jx Z=i<≥·<å J_çˆQ@Ñ¨ÙÊ_»∞ =ÚO^Œ∞ g∞ ¿Ñ~°∞ K≥ÑÊ¨ _»O =∞Oz Ñ¨ûúŒ .
It is courteous to tell the other person your name before asking his or her name.
12
- - - - - - -
mi intiki
. evaraina vaccinappudu
. sambhasana
. . mamuluga ila undoccu:
.
1.2 g∞ WO\˜H˜ Z=Ô~·<å =zÛ#ÑÙ̈Ê_»∞ ãÖÉèÏ+¨} =∂=¸Å∞QÍ ~ÚÖÏ LO_˘K∞« Û:
When someone comes to your house, the dialogue may be somewhat like this:
ranga : randi. - - - -
. mamayya! kurcondi.
.
~°OQÆ : ~°O_ç. =∂=∞Ü«∂º ! ‰õÄ~ÀÛO_ç.
-
Ranga: Come mamayya (uncle)! Please sit down.
-
mamayya - - - ranga- !
: bavunnava?
=∂=∞Ü«∞º : ÉÏ=Ù<åfl"å? ~°OQÍ !
-
mamayya : How do you do, Ranga?
- - - - - -
ranga : bavunnanandi,
. attayya raledem?
~°OQÆ : ÉÏ=Ù<åfl#O_ô, J`«Ü
Î ∞« º ~åÖËÔÕ ?
Ranga : Fine, uncle. How is it that Attayya has not come?
13
- - - -- - - - -
mamayya : mi attayyaku intlo
. pani undata,
. raledu. nuvvu baga caduvutunnava?
=∂=∞Ü«∞º : g∞ J`«Ü
Î ∞« º‰õΩ WO\’¡ Ñ¨x LO^Œ@, ~åÖË^∞Œ . #∞=Ùfi ÉÏQÍ K«^∞Œ =Ù`«∞<åfl"å?
Mamayya: You see, she has a lot of work at home. So, she could not come. How are
your studies going on?
- -
ranga : i nela parikshalo- nene
- - fastu mamayya!
.
- -
~°OQÆ : D <≥Å Ñ¨sHõÖ

∆ ’ <Õ<Õ Ñ¶ã¨ ∞¨ ì =∂=∞Ü«∂º !
- -
Ranga : I stood first in the examinations held this month, mamayya!
- - - - - baga -
- - caduvuko.
mamayya : alaga, mancidi. alage
=∂=∞Ü«∞º : JÖÏQÍ, =∞Ozk. JÖÏˆQ ÉÏQÍ K«^∞Œ =ÙHÀ.
mamayya : Good! Keep it up.
-
ranga : sare- mamayya!
-
~°OQÆ : ã¨~ˆ =∂=∞Ü«∂º!

- -
Ranga : Okay, mamayya!
- - kanabadite- sambhasana
- -
miru bayataku
. vellinapudu
.. . telisinavallu
.. . . . ila undoccu:
.
1.3 g∞~°∞ ÉÜ«∞@‰õΩ "≥o§#Ñ¨Ù_∞» `≥eã≤#"åà◊√§ Hõ#|_ç`Õ ãÖÉèÏ+¨} ~ÚÖÏ LO_˘K∞« Û:
When you go out and meet someone you know, the conversation may be
somewhat like this:
-- - - - -- -
. raja! ela unnavu? ninnu cusi cala rojulaindi.
ramana:
~°=∞} : ~å*Ï! ZÖÏ L<åfl=Ù? x#∞fl K«∂ã≤ KåÖÏ ~ÀAÖˇO· k.
Ramana . : Hello Raja! How do you do? It has been a long time since I last saw you.
- - : nuvvela- unnavu?
raja - asalu ma- intivaipu -
ravadam - -
ledem?
. .
~å*Ï : #∞"≥fiÖÏ L<åfl=Ù? Jã¨Å∞ =∂ WO\˜"Ñ·≥ Ù¨ ~å=_»O ÖËÔÕ ?
- - : How about you? How come you are not at all coming to our house?
Raja
- - - ninnu ikkada kalavadam naku - - santosanga
- cala - - undi.
ramana : vilu kavadam
. ledu. . . .
~°=∞} : gÅ∞ HÍ=_»O ÖË^∞Œ . x#∞fl WHõ¯_» HõÅ=_»O <å‰õΩ KåÖÏ ãÖ`À+ÖQÍ LOk.
. : Of late, I am a bit busy. I am really happy to meet you here.
Ramana
14
mana samskruti
.
2. =∞# ãÖã¨¯ $u
Our culture
- -
- - -
evarini noppincakunda
. matladadam
. . . vilainantavaraku- mancidi.
Z=ih <˘ÑÊ≤ OK«‰Ωõ O_® =∂\Ï¡__» O» gÖ~Ú#O`«=~°‰Äõ =∞Ozk.
Remember, it is good to speak without hurting anybody's feelings.
- - - itarulaku antarayam
mana pani manam cesukovali. - - -
kalagakunda - -
. cusukovali.
=∞# Ñ¨x =∞#O KÕã∞¨ HÀ"åe. W`«~∞° Å‰õΩ JO`«~åÜ«∞O HõÅQÆ‰Ωõ O_® K«∂ã¨∞HÀ"åe.
We should always mind our business and not disturb others.
- - anumati adagali.
- - pani unte- maryadaga
edutivarito -
. . .
Z^Œ∞\˜"åi`À Ñ¨x LO>Ë =∞~åº^ŒQÍ J#∞=∞u J_»QÍe.
When we have any work with others, we should courteously ask for their permission.
15
- - -
ala namrataga- naducukovadame
. . manci paddhati.
JÖÏ #„=∞`«QÍ #_»∞K«∞HÀ=_»"∞Õ =∞Oz Ñ¨ûúŒ .
That is the best policy.
- - - - -
edaina- pani unte
. adi ceyandi,
. idi ceyandi
- ~-
. ani ajnapincagudadu.
.
U^≥·<å Ñ¨x LO>Ë Jk KÕÜ∞« O_ç, Wk KÕÜ∞« O_ç Jx P*Ï˝ÑO≤ K«Q∂Æ _»^∞Œ .
If you have any work to be done, don't dectate to others, 'do this, do that'.
-
vilaite- - - - ani adagadam baguntundi.
cestara? . .
-
.
gÅ~Ú`Õ KÕ™êÎ~å? Jx J_»Q_Æ O» ÉÏQÆ∞O@∞Ok.
The decent way to ask is : "Will you please do it?"
- leka
dayacesi, - daya unci, ani cepite- maryadaga
- - untundi.
.
'^ŒÜ∞« KÕã—≤ , ÖËHõ '^ŒÜ∞« LOz—, Jx K≥Ñ`≤ Õ =∞~åº^ŒQÍ LO@∞Ok.
Or "Kindly do it".
- - - mata,
- ekkuva upayogince -- -
- miremi - - - ani,
telugu sambhasanallo
. . . anukokapote
`≥Å∞QÆ∞ ãÖÉèÏ+¨}Ö’¡ Z‰õΩ¯= LÑ¨Ü∂≥ yOKÕ =∂@, 'g∞ˆ~g∞ J#∞HÀHáõ È`Õ— Jx,
In Telugu conversations, one frequently used expression is, ‘If you don’t mind’.
- - - - - - -
emi anukokandi,
. marola bhavincakandi
. ani adagali
.
'Ug∞ J#∞HÀHOõ _ç—, '=∞~ÀÖÏ ÉèÏqOK«HOõ _ç— Jx J_»QÍe.
The variants are : ‘‘Don’t think otherwise’’; ‘‘I hope you won't feel otherwise’’.
-
peru -
civara ‘garu’ -
ani cercadam - paddhati.
mana telugu vari
.
¿Ñ~°∞ z=~° 'QÍ~°∞— Jx KÕ~Û° _»O =∞# `≥Å∞QÆ∞ "åi Ñ¨ûúŒ .
-
In Telugu culture, ‘garu’ is an honorific plural suffixed to a name. For instance,
- - - itu randi’.
‘Murti garu, . .
=¸iÎQÍ~°∂, W@∞ ~°O_ç.
- - please come here.
Murty garu,
16
- - - - -
sitagaru, a kitiki
. teravandi.
.
ã‘`Q« Í~°∂, P H˜\H˜ © `≥~=° O_ç.
- - if you don't mind please open that window a little.
Sita garu,
-
ila- peruku -
civara garu -
kaluputam. varasalato- pilustu- ila- antam.
.
-
2.1 WÖÏ ¿Ñ~°∞‰õΩ z=~° QÍ~°∞ HõÅ∞Ñ¨Ù`åO. =~°ãÅ¨ `À Ñ≤Å∞ã¨∂Î WÖÏ JO\ÏO:
-
The garu suffix is also used for older relatives .
- - naku
vadinagaru, - ti- - -
. istara?
=k#QÍ~°∂, <å‰õΩ \© W™êÎ~å?
- - (honoured sister-in-law), will you please give me some tea?
Vadina garu,
- - - - -
mamayyagaru, mi kosam evaro- vaccaru.
-
=∂=∞Ü«∞ºQÍ~°∂, g∞ HÀãÖ Z=~À =KåÛ~°∞.
-
Mamayya - - (honoured father-in-law), someone has come for you.
garu
- - - - -
attayyagaru, miru gudiki
. velle
.. velaindi.
.
J`«Ü
Î ∞« ºQÍ~°∂, g∞~°∞ QÆ∞_çH˜ "≥à¡ı "Õà~◊ ÚOk.
- - (honoured mother-in-law), it is time for you to go to the temple.
Attayya garu
-
byanklo-
2.2 ÉÏºOH±Ö’
In the bank
dayacesi - mi- kalam istara?
- okasari --
^ŒÜ∞« KÕã≤ XHõ™êi g∞ HõÅO W™êÎ~å?

Will you please give your pen for a moment?
- -
- - tisukondi.
alage .
JÖÏˆQ fã¨∞HÀO_ç.
Yes, you can take it.
- - - - -
idigondi
. mi kalam, na valla miku alasyamaindi.
WkQÀO_ç g∞ HõÅO, <å =Å¡ g∞‰õΩ PÅã¨º=∞~ÚOk.
Here is your pen, please take it back. Sorry, you are delayed on my account.
17
--
paravaledu. - -
danikemundilendi.
.
Ñ¨~"° åÖË^∞Œ . ^•xˆH=ÚOkÖˇO_ç.
Never mind. What does it matter!
-
railu pettelo
..
2.3 Ô~·Å∞ ÃÑ>ˇìÖ’
In the railway compartment
-- - - - - a- kitiki- koncem mustara?

- - - naku
- - padadu.
miremi anukokapote . caligali .
g∞ˆ~g∞ J#∞HÀHõáÈ`Õ P H˜\H˜ © H˘OK≥O =¸™êÎ~å? <å‰õΩ K«eQÍe Ñ¨_^» ∞Œ .
If you don't mind, will you please close the window? I am susceptible to cold.
- - -
alagenandi.
.
JÖÏˆQ#O_ô.
As you wish.
- - kavalemo, -
- - - - tisi -
miku gali uncana?
g∞‰õΩ QÍe HÍ"åÖË"∂≥ ? fã≤ LOK«<å?
I don't know, if you want breeze; shall I keep the window open?
-- - -
parvaledandi,
. sarduku pogalanu.
Ñ¨~"° åÖËÔŒ _ô, ã¨~∞° ‰Ì Ωõ áÈQÆÅ#∞.
Never mind; I can adjust.
- -
miru enta mancivaru!
g∞~°∞ ZO`« =∞Oz"å~°∞.
How nice you are!
-
ayyo! - - - - em
intamatranikena? - paravaledu.
--
JÜ≥∂º! WO`«=∂„`åxˆH<å? UO Ñ¨~"° åÖË^∞Œ .

This is such a simple thing. You should not take it as a favour.
18
- vastamani
evarintikaina - - - - a- visayam vallaku
ceppi vellalekapote - ceppadam -
. .. . .. . maryada.
2.4 Z=iO\ỖH·<å =™êÎ=∞x K≥ÑÊ≤ "≥à§◊ ÖËHáõ È`Õ P q+¨Ü∞« O "åà◊§‰õΩ K≥ÑÊ¨ _»O =∞~åº^Œ.
If we promise to visit somebody’s house, and fail to do so, it will be courteous
to tell the reason.
- - - -
ninna sayantram mi intiki
. vastanani ceppanu.
x#fl ™êÜ«∞O„`«O g∞ WO\˜H˜ =™êÎ#x K≥áêÊ#∞.
I promised to visit your house last evening.
- - ralekapoyanu.
kani - - - - -emi- anukokandi.
-
.
HÍh ~åÖËHáõ ÈÜ«∂#∞. Ug∞ J#∞HÀHõO_ç.
But I could not make it. Don't think otherwise.
- - - - - - -
paravaledu. vilu kanappudu
. em cestam?
Ñ¨~"° åÖË^∞Œ . gÅ∞ HÍ#Ñ¨ÙÊ_»∞ UO KÕ™êÎO?
Never mind. What can one do when something unforeseen happens?

-
- pujaku - - -- -emi- anukovaddani
-
rama intlo
. i roju ralenu. ceppandi.
.
~°=∞ WO\’¡ Ñ¨Ó[‰õΩ D ~ÀA ~åÖË#∞. Ug∞ J#∞HÀ=^ŒxÌ K≥ÑÊ¨ O_ç.
I cannot attend the puja (worship) at Rama's house today. Please tell her not to take
it amiss.
-
sarenandi. - - -
. alage cebutanu.
ã¨~ˆ #O_ç. JÖÏˆQ K≥|∞`å#∞.
All right, I will tell her so.

19
- - -
manam evarinuncaina- sahayam
- korutunnappudu
. sambhasana
. . i vidhanga untundi:
. .
2.5 =∞#O Z=i#∞OK≥·<å ã¨Ç¨ Ü«∞O HÀ~∞° `«∞#flÑÙ̈Ê_»∞ ãÖÉèÏ+¨} D q^èOŒ QÍ LO@∞Ok:
When we seek help from anybody, the conversation will be somewhat like this:
- - - - - -
ni pustakam tisukuni samayaniki ivvalekapoyanu.
h Ñ¨ÙãÎ̈HOõ fã¨∞‰õΩx ã¨=∞Ü«∂xH˜ W=fiÖËHáõ ÈÜ«∂#∞.
Sorry, I could not return your book on time.
- -
nuvvu sare- ante -
. o visayam
. adugutanu.
.
#∞=Ùfi ã¨~ˆ JO>Ë F q+¨Ü∞« O J_»∞QÆ∞`å#∞.
If you don't mind, I would like to ask you one thing.
- - kadantana
- - -!
miru adigite
. .
g∞~°∞ J_çy`Õ HÍ^ŒO\Ï<å !
If you ask, can I say 'no'?
-
'srama anukokapote, -
- - i- selavuciti - - istara?
- -
. ma badilo
.
„â◊=∞ J#∞HÀHõáÈ`Õ, D ÃãÅ=Ùp\˜ =∂ |_çÖ’ W™êÎ~å?
If it is not inconvenient to you, will you please give this leave letter in our school?
- -- - -
ayyo! 'srama -emiledu. tappakunda
. istanu.
JÜ≥∂º! „â◊=∞ Ug∞ÖË^∞Œ . `«ÑÊ¨ ‰õΩO_® W™êÎ#∞.
No inconvenience at all. I will definitely give it.
- - - - - - -
ilanti
. vakyalanni vinayanni teliyajestayi.
WÖÏO\˜ "åHÍºÅhfl q#Ü«∂xfl `≥eÜ«∞*Ë™êÎ~Ú.
All such sentences denote modesty or propriety of conduct.
20
-
evaraina- manaku o- pani cesi
- pettinapudu krutajnatalu
.. . .
~ teliyaceyadam
. mana
- -
samskaranni -
teliyajestundi.
Z=Ô~·<å =∞#‰õΩ F Ñ¨x KÕã≤ ÃÑ\˜ì#Ñ¨Ù_∞» Hõ$`«[`˝ Å« ∞ `≥eÜ«∞KÕÜ∞« _»O =∞# ãÖ™ê¯~åxfl
`≥eÜ«∞*Ëã¨∞ÎOk.
When anybody does a favour to us in any manner, we express our gratitude.
That shows our refinement.
- - - - - -
atuvanti
. . samskaranni miru alavatu
. cesukondi.
.
J@∞=O\˜ ãÖ™ê¯~åxfl g∞~°∞ JÅ"å@∞ KÕã∞¨ HÀO_ç
Cultivate such refined qualities.
- ekkada unna- emi - - mi- mata

- cesina -
- tiru -
miru . . miku gauravam tecci pedutundi.
.
- - - - -
'noru mancidaite uru mancidi autunda'ni telugulo oka sameta undi.
g∞~°∞ ZHõ¯_» L<åfl Uq∞ KÕã<≤ å g∞ =∂@ f~°∞ g∞‰õΩ Q“~°=O `≥zÛ ÃÑ_»∞`«∞Ok.
'<À~∞° =∞Oz^≥·`Õ T~°∞ =∞Ozk B`«∞O^Œ—x `≥Å∞QÆ∞Ö’ XHõ ™ê"≥∞`« LOk.
No matter where you are, and what you do, your polite manner of speaking brings
you appreciation. This idea is well brought out in a Telugu proverb, "Tame your
tongue and the town will be nice to you".
21
-
cinna cinna sambhasanalu
. .
3. z#fl z#fl ãÖÉèÏ+¨}Å∞
Short dialogues
- - -
- pratiroju - - - pedda pedda vakyalu
- matalalo
- - - avasaram undadu.
sadharananga
. matladukune
. . . .
-
cinna cinna matalato - spastanga- ceppavaccu.
. ..
™ê^è•~°}OQÍ „Ñü~ÀA =∂\Ï¡_∞» ‰õΩ<Õ =∂@ÖÖ’ ÃÑ^ŒÌ ÃÑ^ŒÌ "åHÍºÅ∞ J=ã¨~O° LO_»^∞Œ . z#fl
z#fl =∂@Å`À ã¨Ê+ì̈OQÍ K≥ÑÊ¨ =K«∞Û.
We do not use long sentences in day-to-day conversations. We express our ideas in
short and simple words.
- - -itaku vastava?
nato - - ani ni- snehitudu
- -- -
- nito - ani ceppavalasina
. adigite
. itaku vastanu
avasaram ledu. -
- vastanu - ani cebite- calu.
- ranu
leka -
<å`À D`«‰Ωõ =™êÎ"å? Jx h ¿ãflÇ≤Ï`«∞_»∞ J_çy`Õ h`À D`«‰Ωõ =™êÎ#∞ Jx K≥ÑÊ¨ =Åã≤#
J=ã¨~O° ÖË^∞Œ . =™êÎ#∞ ÖËHõ ~å#∞ Jx K≥a`Õ KåÅ∞.
If your friend asks you, "Will you come with me to swim", you need not say, "Yes, I will
come along with you for swimming". It is lengthy.
You can just say, "Yes" or "No".
22
- ila-
idigo,
WkQÀ, WÖÏ
Here are some examples:
- - : ninnati homvark
gopal - -' - -
cesava?
.
QÀáêÖò : x#fl\˜ Ç¨ÏŸ"£∞=~ü¯ KÕâß"å?
- - : Did you do your yesterday's homework?
Gopal
-
. : ledu.
sarala
ã¨~à° ◊ : ÖË^∞Œ .
. : No.
Sarala
- - : repu
gopal -
- parkuku - -
veldama?
.
QÀáêÖò : ˆ~Ñ¨Ù áê~°∞¯‰õΩ "≥àÏÌ=∂?
- - : Shall we go to the park tomorrow?
Gopal
-
. sare.
sarala:
ã¨~à° ◊ : ã¨~ˆ .
. Yes.
Sarala:
-
- - : ticar - - ceppaledenti?
- -
gopal galipatam
. gurinci adigite
. .
QÀáêÖò : \©K~« ü QÍeÑ¨@O QÆ∞iOz J_çy`Õ K≥ÑÊ¨ ÖËÔÕ \˜?
- - : Why didn’t you answer when the teacher asked you to tell something about
Gopal
a kite?
- - -
. baga gurtu ledu.
sarala:
ã¨~à° ◊ : ÉÏQÍ QÆ∞~°∞Î ÖË^∞Œ .
. : I could not recollect the details.
Sarala
- - : ninnati nunci adokala- unnavu.

gopal - -
emaindi -
sarala?
. .
QÀáêÖò : x#fl\˜ #∞Oz J^˘HõÖÏ L<åfl=Ù. U"≥∞Oÿ k ã¨~à° Ï?
- - : You have been looking rather dull since yesterday. What is the matter, Sarala?
Gopal
23
- - - gopal.
- -
. : anta tivramaina visayam
sarala . kadule
ã¨~à° ◊ : JO`« f„="≥∞#ÿ q+¨Ü∞« O HÍ^Œ∞ÖË QÀáêÖò.
- -
. : Nothing serious, Gopal.
Sarala
- -
- - : 'srinivas -
- - vadu - - - -
gopal intiki
. veldama?
. . vayolin konukkunnadata,
. . cuddam.
QÀáêÖò : Nx"åãπ WO\˜H˜ "≥àÏÌ=∂? "å_»∞ =Ü≥∂e<£ H˘#∞‰õΩ¯<åfl_»@, K«∂^•ÌO
- -
- - : Shall we go to 'Srinivas’
Gopal house? It seems he has bought a violin. Let us go and
see it .
- - pada.
. : sare veldam
sarala .
ã¨~à° ◊ : ã¨~ˆ "≥àÏÌO Ñ¨^.Œ
. : Yes, let us go.
Sarala
- - - - - -
- - utsahanga
- untunnadu
- -
gopal : 'srinivas i madhya cala . kadu?
QÀáêÖò : Nx"åãπ D =∞^èºŒ KåÖÏ L`åûÇ¨ÏOQÍ LO@∞<åfl_»∞ Hõ^∂Œ ?
- -
- - : Of late, 'Srinivas
Gopal looks very enthusiastic, you know.
- - -
. : nenantaga gamanincaledu.
sarala
ã¨~à° ◊ : <Õ#O`«QÍ QÆ=∞xOK«Ö^Ë ∞Œ .
. : I didn't notice him much.
Sarala
- - ' - - - - -?
gopal : srinivas unnadandi
. .
QÀáêÖò : Nx"åãπ L<åfl_®O_ô ?
- -
- - : Is 'Srinivas
Gopal at home?
-
amma : unnadu, - -
. randi
. kurcondi.
.
J=∞‡ : L<åfl_»∞, ~°O_ç ‰õÄ~ÀÛO_ç.
Mother : Yes. Come in and sit.
24
- -
- - : adigo- 'srinivas - - - - - !
gopal vaccadu.
. are! vayolin kuda teccadu
.
QÀáêÖò : JkQÀ Nx"åãπ =KåÛ_»∞† JÔ~! =Ü≥∂e<£ ‰õÄ_® `≥KåÛ_»∞!
- -
- - : Look, here comes 'Srinivas.
Gopal Good, he has brought his violin, too .
- -
'srinivas - - - -
- cudadaniki -
: naku telusu. miru vayolin . . vaccarani.
Nx"åãπ : <å‰õΩ `≥Å∞ã¨∞. g∞~°∞ =Ü≥∂e<£ K«∂_»_®xH˜ =KåÛ~°x.
' - - : I know, you have come to see my violin.
Srinivas
- - : okasari
gopal - -
- vayincara!
QÀáêÖò : XHõ™êi "å~ÚOK«~å!

- - : Play on it once!
Gopal
- - - - -
. : a ... telisindi. idi mana prardhanagitam kada!
sarala
ã¨~à° ◊ : P... `≥eã≤Ok. Wk =∞# „áê~°<÷ åw`«O Hõ^•!
. : Ah! I know this is our prayer song, isn't it?
Sarala
25
- -
'srinivas : avunu.
Nx"åãπ : J=Ù#∞.
- -
Srinivas : Yes.
- - - - - --
. : naku cupincava ela vayincalo !
sarala
ã¨~à° ◊ : <å‰õΩ K«∂Ñ≤OK«"å ZÖÏ "å~ÚOKåÖ’!
. : Please tell me how to play on it.
Sarala
gopal - - nercukuntanura.
- - : nenu - - -
.
QÀáêÖò : <Õ#∂ <Õ~∞° Û‰õΩO\Ï#∞~å.
- - : I will also learn.
Gopal
- - - ekkada ela- pattukovalo

- - edi? - - ceppu.
. : nenu kuda,
sarala . . ..
ã¨~à° ◊ : <Õ#∞ ‰õÄ_®. Un? ZHõ¯_» ZÖÏ Ñ¨@∞ìHÀ"åÖ’ K≥ÑÙ¨ Ê.
. : I too. Show me how to hold the violin and the bow.
Sarala
- - - - - - -
'srinivas : ala- radu.
- mundu sangita svaralu nercukovali.
Nx"åãπ : JÖÏ ~å^Œ∞. =ÚO^Œ∞ ãÖw`« ã¨fi~åÅ∞ <Õ~∞° ÛHÀ"åe.
' - - : You cannot play like that. We have to first learn the musical notes.
Srinivas
- - : emiti!
- -
- padakapote - -
- - rada?
gopal . pata
. .
QÀáêÖò : Uq∞\˜! áê@ áê_»Háõ È`Õ ~å^•?
- - : What ! Cann’t we learn it without knowing how to sing?
Gopal
- -
'srinivas - - -
: patakadu;
. svaralu.
Nx"åãπ : áê@HÍ^Œ∞† ã¨fi~åÅ∞.
' - -
Srinivas : Not the faculty of singing. You must know the notes of the musical scale.
- - - - - --
. alagaite sa, ri, ga, ma, pa, lu nercukovala?
sarala:
ã¨~à° ◊ : JÖÏÔQ`· Õ ã¨, i, QÆ, =∞, áê, Å∞ <Õ~∞° ÛHÀ"åÖÏ?
. : You mean to say we need to learn Sa, Ri, Ga, Ma, Pa?
Sarala
26
- -
'srinivas : avunu.
Nx"åãπ : J=Ù#∞.
' - -
Srinivas : Exactly.
- - - - - - nercukovali?
- - -
. : kani manaku vilavutunda? e velalo
sarala .
ã¨~à° ◊ : HÍx =∞#‰õΩ gÅ=Ù`«∞O^•? U "ÕàÖ
◊ ’ <Õ~∞° ÛHÀ"åe?
. : Is it possible? At what time should we learn it?
Sarala
- - -
- - : 'srinivas - kada. - -
- alage.
gopal nercukunnadu
.
QÀáêÖò : Nx"åãπ <Õ~∞° Û‰õΩ<åfl_»∞ Hõ^•. JÖÏˆQ.
' - -
- - : As Srinivas
Gopal has learnt it.
- -
. : ayite
sarala sare.
ã¨~à° ◊ : J~Ú`Õ ã¨~ˆ .
. : It is OK, then.
Sarala
- - visayam telisindi sarala- !

- - : nako
gopal . .
QÀáêÖò : <åHÀ q+¨Ü∞« O `≥eã≤Ok ã¨~à° Ï !
- - : I have realised one thing, Sarala !
Gopal
-
. : emitadi?
sarala . ceppu.
ã¨~à° ◊ : Uq∞@k? K≥ÑÙ¨ Ê.
. : What is it?
Sarala
- - : ante- naku
gopal - - - mamayya
sontanga- teliyaledanuko - -
ceppadu.
. .
QÀáêÖò : JO>Ë <å‰õΩ ™⁄O`«OQÍ `≥eÜ«∞ÖË^#Œ ∞HÀ, =∂=∞Ü«∞º K≥áêÊ_»∞.
- - -
Gopal : I did not know it myself, mamayya (uncle) told me.
- - -
. : abba ! asalu sangati ceppu babu.
sarala
ã¨~à° ◊ : JÉÏƒ ! Jã¨Å∞ ãÖQÆu K≥ÑÙ¨ Ê ÉÏ|∂.
. : God! Come to the point.
Sarala
27
- - : mana pani manam saraina samayamlo- cesina,
gopal -
- - edaina
- kotta visayam
- .
- - untamata.
nercukunna- utsahanga -
. .
QÀáêÖò : =∞# Ñ¨x =∞#O ãÔ̈~#· ã¨=∞Ü«∞OÖ’ KÕã<≤ å, U^≥<· å H˘`«Î q+¨Ü∞« O <Õ~∞° Û‰õΩ<åfl
L`åûÇ¨ÏOQÍ LO\Ï=∞@.
- - : When we finish our work on time, or learn a new thing we will be excited.
Gopal
- - -
. : nijamenemo.
Sarala
ã¨~°à◊ : x["Õ∞<Õ"∂≥ .
. : Maybe, true.
Sarala
- - - - - - - - bhale- santosanga
- - undi.
i roju sangitam nercukovalani anukuntunnanu
. kada, .
D ~ÀA ãÖw`«O <Õ~∞° ÛHÀ"åÅx J#∞‰õΩO@∞<åfl#∞ Hõ^•, ÉèÖ
í Ë ãÖ`À+ÖQÍ LOk.
As I think of learning music today, I too feel very happy.
- - : kani
gopal - anukuntu- unte- caladu...
- - - - sadhana
nercukovali. - - -
ceyali.
. .
QÀáêÖò : HÍx J#∞‰õΩO@∂ LO>Ë KåÅ^Œ∞... <Õ~∞° ÛHÀ"åe. ™ê^è#Œ KÕÜ∂« e.
- - : Just thinking is not enough. You must start learning, and practise studiously.
Gopal
- - - - - -
. : tappakunda
sarala . cestanu. nuvvu custavuga.
ã¨~à° ◊ : `«ÑÊ¨ ‰õΩO_® KÕ™êÎ#∞. #∞=Ùfi K«∂™êÎ=ÙQÍ.
. : I will definitely do it. You will see it.
Sarala
- - : mancidi. nenu
gopal - - custanu.
- -
QÀáêÖò : =∞Ozk. <Õ#∂ K«∂™êÎ#∞.

- - : Good. I will be watching your performance.
Gopal
28
- ~
ajnalu
4. P[˝Å∞
Commands
manam konni samayalalo -~ -

- - ajnapurvakanga - - -
- matladutam. -~ -
manam ajnaluga
- - - - ~ - - - - - .
bhavincakapoyina avi ajnavacaka vakyale.
=∞#O H˘xfl ã¨=∞Ü«∂ÅÖ’ P*Ï˝ÑÓ¨ ~°fiHõOQÍ =∂\Ï¡_∞» `åO. =∞#O P[˝Å∞QÍ ÉèÏqOK«Háõ È~Ú<å
Jq P*Ï˝"åK«Hõ "åHÍºÖË.
We sometimes speak with a certain amount of authority; or express commands. Though
they are not reckoned as serious commands, they are imperative in nature.
-~
ajnalu : P[˝Å∞ : Commands
- L^•: Eg :
uda:
-
itura
.
W@∞~å
Come here.
29
- vinu.
ceppedi - - -
- varaku
i pani purtayye
K≥¿ÑÊk q#∞. maro- pani ceyaku.
-
Listen to what I say. D Ñ¨x Ñ¨Ó~°Ü

Î ∞Õ º =~°‰Äõ
=∞~À Ñ¨x KÕÜ∞« ‰õΩ.
-
ikkade
. undu.
. Until this work is completed, do not take
WHõ¯_Õ LO_»∞. up any other work.
Wait here only. - - ceyyi.
ceppina vidhangane
ikkada - K≥ÑÊ≤ # q^èOŒ QÍ<Õ K≥~Úº.

. agu
Do as you are told.
WHõ¯_» PQÆ∞
Stop here. a- kalam ivvu.
- -
matladaku P HõÅO W=Ùfi.
. .
=∂\Ï¡_»‰õΩ Give me that pen.
Do not talk. - - -
stesanku
. . velli
.. tikketlu
. . tisukura.
¿ãì+<¨ ‰£ Ωõ "≥o§ \˜HÔ ¯@∞¡ fã¨∞‰õΩ~å.
-
idi tisuko- Go to the station and get the tickets.
Wk fã¨∞HÀ -
rajuni rammani ceppu.
Take this.
~åAx ~°=∞‡x K≥ÑÙ¨ Ê.
- to come.
Ask Raju
adi ivvu
Jk W=Ùfi akkadaku vellakandi.
. .. .
Give it.
JHõ¯_»‰Ωõ "≥à§◊ HõO_ç.
- - undu.
jagrattaga Don’t go there.
.
*Ï„QÆ`QÎ« Í LO_»∞. a- visayam
.
-
naku ceppakandi.
.
Be careful. P q+¨Ü∞« O <å‰õΩ K≥ÑÊ¨ HõO_ç.
Don’t tell it to me.
- -
nemmadiga- matladu - -- - -
. . mire- alocinci oka nirnayam
. tisukondi.
.
<≥=∞‡kQÍ =∂\Ï¡_∞» g∞ˆ~ PÖ’zOz XHõ x~°Ü
‚ ∞« O fã¨∞HÀO_ç.
Speak in low tones. Think over for yourself and take a decision.
30
abhyardhanalu
5. JÉèºí ~°#÷ Å∞
Requests or entreaties
- ~- -
manam ajnapurvakanga - kondariki ceppali. - andariki- kadu.
- kani - - -
anni samayallonu
- - - - - ‘koncem’, ‘mi- istam’, ‘okasari’,
-
miru avasaranni anusarinci pai vakyalaku ‘dayacesi’, ..
- - anukokapote’,
‘emi - - - ane- matalu
- - - - avi abhyardhanalavutayi.
kalipi matladite -
. . .
=∞#O P*Ï˝ÑÓ¨ ~°fiHõOQÍ H˘O^ŒiH˜ K≥áêÊe. HÍx JO^ŒiH© HÍ^Œ∞. Jxfl ã¨=∞Ü«∂Ö’¡#∞ g∞~°∞
J=ã¨~åxfl J#∞ãïOz ÃÑ· "åHÍºÅ‰õΩ '^ŒÜ∞« KÕã—≤ , 'H˘OK≥O—, 'g∞ W+Öì —, 'XHõ™êi—, 'Ug∞
J#∞HÀHõáÈ`Õ—, J<Õ =∂@Å∞ HõeÑ≤ =∂\Ï¡_`ç Õ Jq JÉèºí ~°#÷ Å=Ù`å~Ú.
We can command some people. Not all. Depending upon the context and necessity,
if you add such words as 'kindly', 'a bit', 'please', 'once', 'if you don't mind' either as
prefix or suffix to the foregoing expressions given under the title "Commands'', they
become requests or entreaties.
31
- - matladetappudu
peddavallato - - - -
.. . . . . civara andi. kalapadam. valana maryada iccinatlu,
.
- - - - - - - -
gauravanga adiginatlu
.- . untundi.
. pai vakyalu miru ala marci palakandi,
. enta maryadaga
untundo - mike - telustundi.
.
ÃÑ^Œ"Ì åà◊§`À =∂\Ï¡_@
Õ Ñ¨ÙÊ_»∞ z=~° 'JO_ç— HõÅÑ¨_O» =Å# =∞~åº^Œ WzÛ#@∞¡, Q“~°=OQÍ
J_çy#@∞¡ LO@∞Ok. ÃÑ· "åHÍºÅ∞ g∞~°∞ JÖÏ =∂iÛ Ñ¨ÅHõO_ç. ZO`« =∞~åº^ŒQÍ LO@∞O^À
g∞ˆH `≥Å∞ã¨∞OÎ k.
When we speak to elders and respectable people, we must add "andi'' at the end of
the sentence to show our regard for them. Modify the commands mentioned earlier
by adding these words. You will know how polite and dignified they sound.
- a- pandu ila- ivvandi.
dayacesi . .
^ŒÜ∞« KÕã≤ P ÑÖ_»∞ WÖÏ W=fiO_ç.
Kindly give me that fruit.
koncem ikkada -
. agandi
.
H˘OK≥O WHõ¯_» PQÆO_ç.
Please wait a bit here.
- nemmadiga- matladandi.
dayacesi - -
. . .
^ŒÜ∞« KÕã≤ <≥=∞‡kQÍ =∂\Ï¡_O» _ç.
Talk in low tones, please.
- - anukokunda
emi - - - - - - -
. a pani nenu ceppina vidhangane ceyandi.
.
Ug∞ J#∞HÀ‰õΩO_® P Ñ¨x <Õ#∞ K≥ÑÊ≤ # q^èOŒ QÍ<Õ KÕÜ∞« O_ç.
If you don’t mind, do that work as I said.
-
koncem rajuni --
rammani cebutara?
H˘OK≥O ~åAx ~°=∞‡x K≥|∞`å~å?
Would you mind asking Raju to come over here?
dayacesi -
- -a visayam naku ceppakandi.
. .
^ŒÜ∞« KÕã≤ P q+¨Ü∞« O <å‰õΩ K≥ÑÊ¨ HõO_ç.
For God’s sake, do not tell me that.
32
- - - -
mi istam,
.. mire- oka nirnayam
. tisukondi.
g∞ W+ì̈O, g∞ˆ~ XHõ x~°Ü
‚ ∞« O fã¨∞HÀO_ç.
Take your own decision, it is left to you.
-
- cebutanu
oka mata - -
vintava?
. .
XHõ =∂@ K≥|∞`å#∞ qO\Ï"å?
Would you care to listen to what I say?
- naku
- -
dayacesi ti. ivvu.
^ŒÜ∞« KÕã≤ <å‰õΩ \© W=Ùfi.
Please give me some tea.
- - - - - - - -
* inati
. -telugulo ‘dayacesi’ ane mataku
. badulu ‘plij’ ane- inglishu padam vadatam
-
. .
paripati. aindi.
* D<å\˜ `≥Å∞QÆ∞Ö’ '^ŒÜ∞« KÕã—≤ J<Õ =∂@‰õΩ |^Œ∞Å∞ 'Ñ‘*¡ —ò J<Õ WOw¡+µ¨ Ñ¨ÔŒ "å_»@O Ñïáê\˜
J~ÚOk.
(Note: Nowadays, the English word 'please' is preferred to the Telugu word
-
‘dayacesi’.)
33
'
prakatanalu–prasnalu
.
6. Ñ„ H¨ @
õ #Å∞ - Ñ„ â
¨ fl◊ Å∞
Opinions – questions
konni visayalalo - -
- - mana abhiprayalu - konni
- anaga- prakatistam.
vyaktaparustam.
. .
eduti - - - - - - - - -' - -
. varito cebutam. konni yathalapamga, anaga evarni uddesincakunda
. antam.
.
ave- matalu
- - - - avutayi.
- prasnalaganu
cinna marputo ' -
.
H˘xfl q+¨Ü∂« ÅÖ’ =∞# Jaè„áêÜ«∂Å∞ =ºHõÑÎ ~¨ ∞° ™êÎO. J#QÍ „Ñ¨H\ õ ™˜ êÎO. H˘xfl Z^Œ∞\˜
"åi`À K≥|∞`åO. H˘xfl Ü«∞^ä•ÖÏÑÖQÍ, J#QÍ Z=sfl L^ÕtÌ OK«‰Ωõ O_® JO\ÏO. J"Õ =∂@Å∞
z#fl =∂~°∞Ê`À „Ñ¨âfl◊ ÅQÍ#∂ J=Ù`å~Ú.
When we give our opinion on some matters, it means we proclaim or reveal. We just
tell something to others. Sometimes we casually say something without aiming at a
particular person. The same statements with minor changes can be converted into
interrogative sentences.
34
prakatanalu
.
Ñ„ H¨ @
õ #Å∞
Opinions
- - - -
kasepatilo
. vanakurustundi.
HÍ¿ãÑ¨\Ö
˜ ’ "å#‰õΩ~°∞ã¨∞OÎ k.
It will rain shortly.
- - tagadam
kaphi - -
mancidikadu.
.
HÍÑ¶‘ `åQÆ_O» =∞OzkHÍ^Œ∞.
It is not good to drink coffee.
-
a- sinima- bagundadu.
.
P ã≤x=∂ ÉÏQÆ∞O_»^∞Œ .
That movie is not exciting.
- vastundi.
kamala repu
Hõ=∞Å ~ˆ Ñ¨Ù =ã¨∞OÎ k.
Kamala will come tomorrow.
ramani - - -
. baga rastundi.
~°=∞}˜ ÉÏQÍ ~åã¨∞OÎ k.
Ramani
. writes well.
- - tadiste- jalubu cestundi.
vanalo -
.
"å#Ö’ `«_¿ç ãÎ [Å∞|∞ KÕã∞¨ OÎ k.
You will catch cold if you get drenched in rain.
'
prasnalu
Ñ„ â
¨ fl◊ Å∞
Questions
- - - -
kassepatilo -
. vanakurustunda?
HÍ¿ãûÑ¨\Ö
˜ ’ "å#‰õΩ~°∞ã¨∞OÎ ^•?
Will it rain shortly?
35
- - tagadam
kaphi - - -
. mancidi kada?
HÍÑ¶‘ `åQÆ_O» =∞Ozk HÍ^•?
Is it not good to drink coffee?
a- sinima- bagundada?
-
.
-
P ã≤x=∂ ÉÏQÆ∞O_»^•?
Is not that movie exciting?
- - tadiste- jalubu cestunda?

vanalo - -
.
"å#Ö’ `«_¿ç ãÎ [Å∞|∞ KÕã∞¨ OÎ ^•?
Will it cause cold if drenched to the skin?
- prakatanalu, cinna marputo
pai abhipraya - - '
prasnaluga - -
- marayi.
.
ÃÑ· Jaè„áêÜ«∞ „Ñ¨H@
õ #Å∞, z#fl =∂~°∞Ê`À „Ñ¨âfl◊ Å∞QÍ =∂~•~Ú.
Thus the affirmative statements mentioned earlier have become questions with
some minor alterations.
- - -
matladetappudu - - - - '
. . . . manam palike tirulone prasna dhvanistundi.
=∂\Ï¡_@
Õ Ñ¨ÙÊ_»∞ =∞#O ÑëHˆ f~°∞Ö’<Õ „Ñ¨âfl◊ ^èfiŒ xã¨∞OÎ k.
In speech, the question is expressed by means of intonation.
' -
prasnardhaka - - rasinappudu
vakyalu - ' - - -
. civara prasnardhakam "?" cercali.
„Ñ¨âßfl~°H÷ õ "åHÍºÅ∞ ~åã≤#Ñ¨ÙÊ_»∞ z=~° „Ñ¨âßfl~°H÷ Oõ ''?—— KÕ~åÛe.
The interrogative sentences when written carry a quetion mark at the end.
36
- - -
matladagalava?
. .
7. =∂\Ï¡_Q» Å
Æ "å?
Can you speak?
- - - upayogistu
- - galagala matladandi,
- - - -
miru nercukunnavanni . . . naku vinalani undi.
- - miru
kani - galagala- matladalante
- - - - inka- - konni sahayaka
- - - - avemitante
- nercukovali.
padalu - -
. . . . .
g∞~°∞ <Õ~∞° Û‰õΩ#fl=hfl LÑ¨Ü∂≥ yã¨∂Î QÆÅQÆÅ =∂\Ï¡_O» _ç, <å‰õΩ q<åÅx LOk.
HÍh g∞~°∞ QÆÅQÆÖÏ =∂\Ï¡_®ÅO>Ë WOHÍ H˘xfl ã¨Ç¨ Ü«∞HõÆ Ñ¨^•Å∞ <Õ~∞° ÛHÀ"åe.
J"Õq∞@O>Ë
I would like to hear when you speak fluently using what you have learnt.
But to speak fluently you need to learn some more helping words or auxiliary verbs.
-
‘galanu’, ‘vaccu’, ‘kani’, ‘endukante’, - - - -
. ‘anduvalana’—ivanni miru nercukunnave
'QÆÅ#∞—, '=K«∞Û—, 'HÍx—, 'ZO^Œ∞HõO>ˇ—, 'JO^Œ∞=Å#——W=hfl g∞~°∞ <Õ~∞° Û‰õΩ#fl"Õ
You have already learnt about words like ‘can’, ‘may’, ‘but’, ‘because’, ‘thereby’..
37
- - -
ayina- ipudu
. matladi
. cudandi.
. .
J~Ú<å WÑ¨Ù_»∞ =∂\Ï¡_ç K«∂_»O_ç.
However, you try to speak now.
- -
-
i padalanu upayoginci ela- matladalo - -
- - - - telusukundama?
. .
D Ñ¨^•Å#∞ LÑ¨Ü∂≥ yOz ZÖÏ =∂\Ï¡_®Ö’ `≥Å∞ã¨∞‰õΩO^•=∂?
Let us know how to speak using these words:
-
sita- ! nuvvu mamidi
- - -
. kaya tinagalava?
ã‘`å ! #∞=Ùfi =∂q∞_ç HÍÜ«∞ u#QÆÅ"å?
-
Sita ! Can you eat a mango?
-
sagam matrame - - tinalenu.
- tinagalanu. purtiga -
ã¨QOÆ =∂„`«"∞Õ u#QÆÅ#∞. Ñ¨ÓiÎQÍ u#ÖË#∞.
I can only eat half of it. I cannot eat the entire fruit
ikkada - - - -
. tinu ane kriya taruvata 'galanu' ane padam kalipite adi
-
'saktini teliyajestundi. -
'lenu' ane- padam ceriste
- - asaktatanu
' -
teliyajestundi.
WHõ¯_» u#∞ J<Õ „H˜Ü∞« `«~∞° "å`« 'QÆÅ#∞— J<Õ Ñ¨ÔŒ HõeÑ≤`Õ Jk
â◊HxÎ̃ `≥eÜ«∞*Ëã∞¨ OÎ k. 'ÖË#∞— J<Õ Ñ¨ÔŒ KÕi¿ãÎ Jâ◊H`Îõ #« ∞ `≥eÜ«∞*Ëã∞¨ OÎ k.
The auxiliary verb 'can' indicates ability or capacity; and 'cannot' indicates inability
or incapacity (a negative aspect).
- - -
lalita- ! prarthanagitam - -
padagalava?
.
Åe`å! „áê~°<÷ åw`«O áê_»QÅ
Æ "å?
Lalita! Can you sing the prayer song?
ippudu - -
. padalenu.
.
WÑ¨ÙÊ_»∞ áê_»Ö#Ë ∞.
I cannot sing now.
- - - - adagalava?
- -
ramu! nivu haki .
~å=Ú! h=Ù Ç¨H© P_»QÅ
Æ "å?
-
Ramu! Can you play hockey?
-
nenu -
- matrame
futbal - - -adalenu.
- -adagalanu. haki -
. . .
<Õ#∞ Ñ¶Ù¨ \òÉÏÖò =∂„`«"∞Õ P_»QÅ
Æ #∞. Ç¨H© P_»Ö#Ë ∞.
I can only play football, not hockey.
38
lata! -
- sayantram ma- intiki
.
- -
ragalava?
Å`å! ™êÜ«∞O„`«O =∂ WO\˜H˜ ~åQÆÅ"å?
Lata- ! Can you come to our house this evening?
-
sayantram --
ralenu. - -
somavaram -
ragalanu.
™êÜ«∞O„`«O ~åÖË#∞. ™È=∞"å~°O ~åQÆÅ#∞.
I cannot come this evening. I can come on Monday.
ma- intiki - ‘vastanu’

- - ani adigite,
vastava? - -
ani cebutam.
. .
- - -
- - ‘ranu’ - -
vilukakapote ani cebutam.
=∂ WO\˜H˜ =™êÎ"å? Jx J_çy`Õ, '=™êÎ#∞— Jx K≥|∞`åO.
gÅ∞HÍHõáÈ`Õ '~å#∞— Jx K≥|∞`åO.
When someone asks, ‘‘Will you come to our house?’ you say ‘I will’.
If it is not possible, you say, ''I will not''.
'vaccu'
'=K«∞Û—
(To know well, good at, happen, occur)
It is used with the auxiliary signifying permission, possibility or probability.
-
'vaccu' ane- padanni - vidhaluga
mudu - - upayogincukovaccu.
- -
.
'=K«∞Û— J<Õ Ñ¨^•xfl =¸_»∞ q^è•Å∞QÍ LÑ¨Ü∂≥ yOK«∞HÀ=K«∞Û.
The word ‘vaccu’ can be used in three ways :
1 - -
mana 'saktini teliyajeyadaniki
.
2 - - - -
auno kado anumanamga- unnappudu.
3 -
anumati adagadaniki.
. .
1. =∞# â◊HxÎ̃ `≥eÜ«∞*ËÜ∞« _®xH˜
2. B<À HÍ^À J#∞=∂#OQÍ L#flÑ¨ÙÊ_»∞
3. J#∞=∞u J_»Q_Æ ®xH˜.
1. To express our ability or capacity
2. When in doubt ‘yes’ or ‘no’.
3. To seek permission.
39
-
samardhyam teluputaku. ™ê=∞~°º÷ O `≥Å∞Ñ¨Ù@‰õΩ To express competence
- - -
naku lekkalu bagavaccu.
<å‰õΩ ÖˇH¯õ Å∞ ÉÏQÍ=K«∞Û.
I am good at mathematics.
- - - -
niku vaccunu kabatti
. . ila cebutavu.
h‰õΩ =K«∞Û#∞ HÍ|\˜ì WÖÏ K≥|∞`å=Ù.
You say that, since you know well.
-
naku -
bommalu veyadam - - vaccu.
kuda
. .
<å‰õΩ ÉÁ=∞‡Å∞ "ÕÜ∞« _»O ‰õÄ_® =K«∞Û.
I also know how to draw pictures.
- - ani adigite-
niku telugu cadavadam. vaccuna? .
o- ! naku
- telugu cadavadam
.
- - vaccu, ani cebutavu.
baga -
h‰õΩ `≥Å∞QÆ∞ K«^=Œ _»O =K«∞Û<å? Jx J_çy`Õ
'F ! <å‰õΩ `≥Å∞QÆ∞ K«^=Œ _»O ÉÏQÍ =K«∞Û—, Jx K≥|∞`å=Ù.
When asked, "Do you know how to read Telugu'',
you say, ''O, I know very well how to read Telugu".
40
- -
khaccitamga ceppalenappudu . YzÛ`«OQÍ K≥ÑÊ¨ ÖË#Ñ¨ÙÊ_»∞
When in doubt
-
sayantram -
- ravaccu,
vana ane- vakyamlo
- - anumanam
- -
undi. khaccitamga- ceppalemu.
™êÜ«∞O„`«O "å# ~å=K«∞Û, J<Õ "åHõºOÖ’ J#∞=∂#O LOk. YzÛ`«OQÍ K≥ÑÊ¨ ÖË=Ú.
In a sentence like, ‘It may rain in the evening’; there is an element of doubt. We
cannot definitely say.
- - - -
sumati repu vastundi. ante
. khaccitamga vastundani miku telusu.
ã¨∞=∞u ~ˆ Ñ¨Ù =ã¨∞OÎ k. JO>Ë YzÛ`«OQÍ =ã¨∞OÎ ^Œx g∞‰õΩ `≥Å∞ã¨∞.
Sumati will come tomorrow. It means you know for certain that she will come
tomorrow.
- - - - - unnappudu ravaccu
- -
sumati repu ravaccu. miku anumananga . ani cebutaru.
ã¨∞=∞u ~ˆ Ñ¨Ù ~å=K«∞Û. g∞‰õΩ J#∞=∂#OQÍ L#flÑ¨ÙÊ_»∞ ~å=K«∞Û Jx K≥|∞`å~°∞.
Sumati may come tomorrow. You say that when you are not sure of her arrival.
- -
i pani eppudu
. purti avutundi?
D Ñ¨x ZÑ¨ÙÊ_»∞ Ñ¨ÓiÎ J=Ù`«∞Ok?
When will this work be completed?
- - - - - - - -
repatiki
. i pani purti kavaccu. ante
. kavaccu, kakapovaccu.
~ˆ Ñ¨\H˜ ˜ D Ñ¨x Ñ¨ÓiÎ HÍ=K«∞Û. JO>Ë HÍ=K«∞Û, HÍHõáÈ=K«∞Û.
It may be completed by tomorrow. It means it may or may not be completed.
rajani ippudu - -
. intlo
. untunda?
.
~°[x WÑ¨ÙÊ_»∞ WO\’¡ LO@∞O^•?
Will Rajani be now at her house?
- -
intlone undavaccu.
. .
WO\’¡<Õ LO_»=K«∞Û.
Maybe, she is.
- - - - - -
- nito
- - nenu
sayantram tvaraga- vastava? matladali.
. .
™êÜ«∞O„`«O `«fi~°QÍ =™êÎ"å? <Õ#∞ h`À =∂\Ï¡_®e.
Will you come early in the evening? I have to talk to you.
-
sayantram -
naku -
alasyam -
kavaccu.
™êÜ«∞O„`«O <å‰õΩ PÅã¨ºO HÍ=K«∞Û.
I may be delayed in the evening.
41
-
- kalusukundam.
Lakshmi pellilo
..
ÅH˜‡∆ ÃÑo§Ö’ HõÅ∞ã¨∞‰õΩO^•O.
We shall meet at Lakshmi’s wedding.
-
nenu lakshmi pelliki - -
rakapovaccu.
..
<Õ#∞ ÅH˜‡∆ ÃÑo§H˜ ~åHõáÈ=K«∞Û.
I may not come for Lakshmi’s wedding.
‘galanu’, ‘vaccu’ ane- padalalo

- - unna cinna teda
- - telustondi
.
- -
kada.
'QÆÅ#∞—, '=K«∞Û— J<Õ Ñ¨^•ÅÖ’ L#fl z#fl `Õ_® `≥Å∞™ÈÎOk Hõ^•.
You must be knowing the little difference in the use of ‘galanu’ and ‘vaccu’ (can
and may).
-
ragalanu - - khaccitamga- mi- nirnayanni
- anemata - teliyaparustundi.
. .
'~åQÆÅ#∞— – J<Õ=∂@ YzÛ`«OQÍ g∞ x~°Ü
‚ ∂« xfl `≥eÜ«∞Ñ¨~∞° ã¨∞ÎOk.
‘Can come’ indicates a decisive reply.
-
ravaccu - anemata -
- ravaccu, - -
rakapovaccu ane- anumananni
- - -
teliyajestundi.
.
'~å=K«∞Û— J<Õ =∂@ ~å=K«∞Û, ~åHõáÈ=K«∞Û J<Õ J#∞=∂<åxfl `≥eÜ«∞*Ëã∞¨ ÎOk.
-
The word ‘Ravaccu’ (likely to come) indicates doubt–‘may come’ or ‘may not come’.
-
- - ‘ralenandi’
-- - - - - - -
alage, . ani cepparanukondi.
. miru khaccitamga raru ane artham vastundi
JÖÏˆQ, '~åÖË#O_ô— Jx K≥áêÊ~°#∞HÀO_ç. g∞~°∞ YzÛ`«OQÍ ~å~°∞ J<Õ J~°O÷ =ã¨∞ÎOk.
Similarly, if you say ‘cannot come’, you are sure you are not coming.
- -
‘rakapovaccu’ -
ante - - - -
. prayatniste ragalanu ane artham teliyajestundi.
'~åHõáÈ=K«∞Û— JO>Ë „Ñ¨Ü∞« ufl¿ãÎ ~åQÆÅ#∞ J<Õ J~°O÷ `≥eÜ«∞*Ëã∞¨ ÎOk.
- -
The term ‘‘Rakapovaccu’’ indicates ‘I can come if I try’. (or I may not come.)
-
anumati adagadaniki - - i- ‘vaccu’ ane- padam upayogistam.
kuda - -
. . .
J#∞=∞u J_»Q_Æ ®xH˜ ‰õÄ_® D '=K«∞Û— J<Õ Ñ¨ÔŒ LÑ¨Ü∂≥ y™êÎO.
This word ‘vaccu’ (may) can also be used to seek permission.
42
sabhyata ã¨Éºíè `« Etiquette
-
memu - - memu
- ani khaccitamga- ceppadaniki,
vastunnam - - -
ravaccuna?
.
-
- - adagadaniki
ani maryadaga - - teda
cala - - undi.
. .
"Õ∞=Ú =ã¨∞Î<åflO Jx YzÛ`«OQÍ K≥ÑÊ¨ _®xH©, "Õ∞=Ú ~å=K«∞Û<å?
Jx =∞~åº^ŒQÍ J_»Q_Æ ®xH˜ KåÖÏ `Õ_® LOk.
There is a lot of difference between saying definitely ‘‘We are coming’’ and politely
asking ‘‘May we come?’’
ikkada - - - ela- - - - - vinandi.

. raju teliphonulo
. matladutunnado
. . . .
WHõ¯_» ~åA >ˇeá¶È#∞Ö’ ZÖÏ =∂\Ï¡_∞» `«∞<åfl_À q#O_ç.
-
Now hear Raju’s telephonic conversation.
-
halo!
Ç¨ÏÖ’!
-
Hello!
halo- dayacesi
- ramananu pilustara?
.
- -
Ç¨ÏÖ’, ^ŒÜ∞« KÕã≤ ~°=∞}#∞ Ñ≤Å∞™êÎ~å?

Hello, will you please call Ramana?
.
-
mirevaro- telusukovaccuna?
- -
g∞Ô~=~À `≥Å∞ã¨∞HÀ=K«∞Û<å?
May I know who is calling?
-
- nandi,
- raju
nenu ramana
. mitrudini.
.
<Õ#∞ ~åA #O_ô, ~°=∞} q∞„`«∞_çx.
- a friend of Ramana.
I am Raju; .
-
- - lainulo- undandi pilustanu.
alaga! . .
JÖÏQÍ! Öˇ#· ∞Ö’ LO_»O_ç Ñ≤Å∞™êÎ#∞.
I see! please hold the line.
43
- - - - -
alagenandi
. ! dhanyavadalu.
JÖÏˆQ#O_ô ! ^è#Œ º"å^•Å∞.
OK ! Thanks.
- - - - - - - - -
(ilanti
. sandarbhalalo dhanyavadalu teliyajeyadaniki
. ‘thanks’ ane- inglishu
. padam
-
upayogincadam manaku alavataindi).
. .
(WÖÏO\˜ ãÖ^Œ~åƒùÅÖ’ ^èŒ#º"å^•Å∞ `≥eÜ«∞*ËÜ«∞_®xH˜ '^ä•ºOH±û— J<Õ WOw¡+¨µ Ñ¨^ŒO
LÑ¨Ü∂≥ yOK«_O» =∞#‰õΩ JÅ"å@~ÚOk).
(In such contexts we are accustomed to using the English word ‘thanks’ as a substi-
-
tute for ‘Dhanyavadamulu’.)
halo- raju
- - !
Ç¨ÏÖ’ ~åE !
-
Hello- Raju!
halo- ramana, -
. ninna badiki
.
- - -
raledem?
Ç¨ÏÖ’ ~°=∞}Ï, x#fl |_çH˜ ~åÖËÔÕ ?
-
Hello Ramana,
. why didn’t you come to school yesterday?
jvaram vaccindira- !
[fi~°O =zÛOk~å !
I had fever !
neni - mi- intiki

- - roju - -
ravaccuna?
.
<Õh ~ÀA g∞ WO\˜H˜ ~å=K«∞Û<å?
May I come to your house today?
- - - -
o- ! tappakunda - -
. ra. ni kosam eduru custuntanu.
.
F ! `«ÑÊ¨ ‰õΩO_® ~å. h HÀãÖ Z^Œ∞~°∞ K«∂ã¨∞OÎ \Ï#∞.
Yes, definitely; I will be waiting for you.
-
sare.
ã¨ˆ~.
OK.
44
railve- stesan
-
. . daggara
8. Ô~·ÖËfi ¿ãì+¨<£ ^ŒQÆæ~°
Near the railway station
- -' - - leka
vimanasryamlono, -
- railu stesanlono -
- - digutaru.
. .
- -
mi kosam evaraina- vaste- anta- bagane
- - - untundi.
.
- - kalasi vari -
- intiki veltaru. - --
- - mire - kada!
- appudu
varito . . rakapote vellali
.. .
q=∂<å„â◊Ü∞« OÖ’<À, ÖËHõ Ô~·Å∞ ¿ãì+<¨ Ö£ ’<À kQÆ∞`å~°∞.
g∞ HÀãO¨ Z=Ô~·<å =¿ãÎ JO`å ÉÏQÍ<Õ LO@∞Ok.
"åi`À HõÅã≤ "åi WO\˜H˜ "≥àÏÎ~∞° . ~åHõáÈ`Õ g∞ˆ~ "≥àÏ§e Hõ^•! JÑ¨ÙÊ_»∞:
When you alight from an aeroplane or a train, if someone comes to receive you, it
will be nice. You can go along with him to his home. Otherwise, you have to man-
age on your own. Then :
- -!
taksi
\ÏH©û !
- -!
Taxi
45
ekkadiki -
vellali?
. ..
ZHõ¯_çH˜ "≥àÏ§e?
Where do you want to go?
- - -
somajiguda.
.
™È=∂lQÆ∂_».
- -
Somajiguda.
.
- - -
mitaru
. mida iravai ivvali.
g∞@~°∞ g∞^Œ W~°"·≥ W"åfie.
You have to pay Rs. 20 extra over the metre–charge.
- -
enduku iravai rupayalu -
ekkuvivvali?
ZO^Œ∞‰õΩ W~°"·≥ ~°∂áêÜ«∞Å∞ Z‰õΩ¯q"åfie?
Why should I pay Rs. 20/- extra?
dari - - ledu.
- baga -
^•i ÉÏQÍ ÖË^∞Œ .
The road is damaged.
- mari- ekkuvunte- inko-

lagej -
iravai ivvali.
.
ÅˆQ*ò =∞s Z‰õΩ¯=ÙO>Ë WOHÀ W~°"·≥ W"åfie.
If you have more luggage, you have to pay Rs. 20/- more.
- inko-
vaddule, - - - veltanu.
taksilo -
.
=^Œ∞Ö
Ì ,Ë WOHÀ \ÏH©ûÖ’ "≥àÏÎ#∞.
No. I will engage another taxi.
-- - - - - - -
randi
. randi...
. milanti. varu ala ante
. ela babu?
~°O_ç ~°O_ç... g∞ÖÏO\˜ "å~°∞ JÖÏ JO>Ë ZÖÏ ÉÏ|∂?
Come sir, come....If people like you say like that how can we manage?
- - ikkadi vallame.
memu - - cusi
- kotta mukhalu - intinta adagala
--?
. .. .
"Õ∞=¸ WHõ¯_ç "åà◊§"Õ∞. H˘`«Î =ÚMÏÅ∞ K«∂ã≤ WOuO`« J_»QÍÖÏ ?
We belong to this place. Seeing new faces, you shouldn’t ask for more.
46
idigo- inti. nambaru. ikkada -
. apu.
WkQÀ WO\˜ #O|~°∞. WHõ¯_» PÑ¨Ù.
Here is the House Number. Stop here.
are- ! dati -' -

- vaccesam.
. venakku tippu.
Jˆ~! ^•\˜ =KÕÛâßO. "≥#‰õΩ¯ uÑ¨ÙÊ.
My goodness ! We have crossed the house. Turn back.
- - - -
ikkada
. venakku tiragakudadandi
. . ! avatali sandulonci veldam.
.
WHõ¯_» "≥#‰õΩ¯ u~°Q‰Æ Äõ _»ÔŒ _ô ! J=`«e ãÖ^Œ∞Ö’Oz "≥àÏÌO.
Sir, we cannot turn back here! We have to go from the next lane.
sare- pada.
ã¨~ˆ Ñ¨^.Œ
OK. Proceed.
- - rangu meda
a- ! adigo- a- gulabi - -
. daggara apu.
P ! JkQÀ P QÆ∞ÖÏc ~°OQÆ∞ "Õ∞_» ^ŒQ~æÆ ° PÑ¨Ù.
Stop at that pink building.
- -
samanu - - ! idigo- ni- kirayi.
dincava -
™ê=∂#∞ kOKå"å! WkQÀ h H˜~å~Ú.
Have you put down the luggage? Take your fare.
-
idigondi
. cillara.
WkQÀO_ç zÅ¡~.°
Please take this change.
--
paravaledu. -
uncuko.
Ñ¨~"° åÖË^∞Œ . LOK«∞HÀ.
It doesn’t matter. Keep it.
47
bandhuvulato-
9. |O^è∞Œ =ÙÅ`À
With relatives
- manaku bandhuvulaina,
- vallu -
- mana -atmiyatanu,
- snehitulaina
-
intiki
. vellaka,
.. ..
- - telipe- vidhamga- matladali.
- - manaku unna anubandhanni
vallato - - -
.. . .
WO\˜H˜ "≥àÏ§Hõ, "åà◊√§ =∞#‰õΩ |O^è∞Œ =ÙÖˇ<· å, ¿ãflÇ≤Ï`«∞Öˇ<· å =∞# Pf‡Ü«∞`«#∞,
"åà◊§`À =∞#‰õΩ L#fl J#∞|O^è•hfl `≥e¿Ñ q^èOŒ QÍ =∂\Ï¡_®e.
After reaching home, we must talk to them with love and affection whether they are
relatives or friends, and move informally.
-' - - ramana!- - - - - - - -
- - kanabadaleda?
atta : vaccesava . mi mamayya ni kosam stesanku
. . vaccaruga .
J`«Î : =KÕÛâß"å ~°=∞}Ï ! g∞ =∂=∞Ü«∞º h HÀãÖ ¿ãì+<¨ ‰£ Ωõ =KåÛ~°∞QÍ Hõ#|_»Ö^Ë •?
Atta (aunty) : How nice you have come, Ramana! -
. Your mamayya (uncle) went to
the station to receive you. Didn’t you see him?
- - - - - - matladukunna.
- - -
. ledatta ! nenu sarasari bayataku
ramana: . vacci taksi . .
~°=∞} : ÖË^`Œ åÎ ! <Õ#∞ ã¨~åãï ÉÜ«∞@‰õΩ =zÛ \ÏH©û =∂\Ï¡_∞» ‰õΩ<åfl.
. : No, Atta (auntie)! I straight away came out and engaged a taxi.
Ramana
-
- viparitamayina - - nilabadi
selavulu kada! janam. kasepu .
- - - - - - - -
mamayya kosam cudadanike
. . vilu kaledu.
ÃãÅ=ÙÅ∞ Hõ^•! qÑ¨s`«"∞≥ #ÿ [#O. HÍ¿ãÑ¨Ù xÅ|_ç
=∂=∞Ü«∞º HÀãÖ K«∂_»_®xˆH gÅ∞ HÍÖË^∞Œ .
Holidays, you know! There was heavy rush of passengers. I could not wait and look
-
for mamayya.
- kadukkunira. -
- ivigo- mancinillu. - - - - -
atta : kallu
.. . . . kaphi ivvana, ti. ivvana?
J`«Î : HÍà◊√§ Hõ_∞» ‰õΩ¯x~å. WqQÀ =∞Ozhà◊√§. HÍÑ¶‘ W=fi<å, \© W=fi<å?
Atta : Have a wash. Here is drinking water. Would you like coffee or tea?
48
- - - - --
. : mamayya rani atta, pillaleri?
ramana
~°=∞} : =∂=∞Ü«∞º ~åh J`åÎ, Ñ≤ÅÖ
¡ sË ?
Ramana: - -
. Let mamayya come, Atta. Where are the children?
atta: adigo- a- mula
- nilabadi - -
. tongi tongi custunnaru.
J`«Î : JkQÀ P =¸Å xÅ|_ç `˘Oy `˘Oy K«∂ã¨∞<Î åfl~°∞.
Atta : Look there. They are peeping from that corner.
- -
- itura- ! nenu - -
. : eai
ramana cinna, . bavanira.
~°=∞} : UÜü∞ z<åfl, W@∞~å ! <Õ#∞ ÉÏ=x~å.
Ramana
. : Hey Cinna, come here. I am your Bava (brother–in–law).
- -- - - -
abbo- papanu
- -
nenu -
.
-
- ledu.
cudane ni peremiti
. cinni? da...da..
JÉ’ƒ áêÑ¨#∞ <Õ#∞ K«∂_»<Õ ÖË^∞Œ . h ¿Ñˆ~q∞\˜ zhfl? ^•...^•..
O, I didn’t notice papa (baby). What is your name, Cinni? Come..., Come....
49
-
atta : dani peru - -'
- rajesvari; - - ani pilustunnam
raji - ramana.
-
.
J`«Î : ^•x ¿Ñ~°∞ ~å*Ëâfi◊ i† ~år Jx Ñ≤Å∞ã¨∞<Î åflO ~°=∞}Ï.
- -'
Atta : Her name is Rajeswari. -
- Ramana.
But we call her Raji, .
- - - - - -
. peru bavundatta. mi tammudu
ramana: . ippudu
. e klasatta?
- - - kada?:
-
idivaraku selavulaku mi intiki
. vaccevadu
.
~°=∞} : ¿Ñ~°∞ ÉÏ=ÙO^Œ`.Î« g∞ `«=Ú‡_»∞ WÑ¨ÙÊ_»∞ U HÍ¡ã`¨ åÎ?
Wk=~°‰Ωõ ÃãÅ=ÙÅ‰õΩ g∞ WO\˜H˜ =KÕÛ"å_»∞ Hõ^•?:
Ramana . : The name is very good, Atta. In what standard is your brother studying?
Earlier he used to come to your house during the holidays, is that not so?
- - suryam.
atta : vada? - ippudu - -
. . tommido taragati caduvutunnadu.
.
J`«Î : "å_®? ã¨∂~°ºO. WÑ¨ÙÊ_»∞ `˘q∞‡^À `«~Q° uÆ K«^∞Œ =Ù`«∞<åfl_»∞.
-
Attha : Oh, that boy Suryam. Now he is in the 9th standard.
ramana: ayite- - - nakanna

na- klase! - - -
- peddvadanukunta?
. . .
~°=∞} : J~Ú`Õ <å HÍ¡¿ã ! <åHõ<åfl ÃÑ^Œ"Ì å_»#∞‰õΩO\Ï?
. : That means we both are in the same standard. I think he is older than I am.
Ramana
- - kani,
atta : peddavade - - - ballo- vesaru.
alasyanga -' -
. ..
J`«Î : ÃÑ^Œ"Ì å_Õ HÍx, PÅã¨ºOQÍ |à’§ "Õâß~°∞.
Atta: Yes, older. But he was admitted to school very late.
-
nuvvostunnavani - - vastunnadule.
telisi vadu - -
. .
#∞"˘fiã¨∞<Î åfl=x `≥eã≤ "å_»∂ =ã¨∞<Î åfl_»∞ÖË.
Coming to know of your visit, he is coming here.
- - - - - - - -' -
. : a ! nijangana? bhale bhale. adigo mamayya vaccesaru.
ramana
~°=∞} : P ! x[OQÍ<å? ÉèÖ
í Ë ÉèÖ
í .Ë JkQÀ =∂=∞Ü«∞º =KÕÛâß~°∞.
- -
. : Is it so ! Hurrah for Suryam. Very good. Look, mamayya has come back.
Ramana
50
-
mamayya: - - ramana- ! ni- kosam
emra - - -
- platform
ippativaraku anta- tiriganu.
-
. .
ela- vaccavu?
- -
- - telisinda?
illu teligga -
=∂=∞Ü«∞º : UO~å ~°=∞}Ï ! h HÀãÖ WÑ¨Ê\˜=~°‰Äõ áê¡\áò ê¶ ~°O JO`å uiQÍ#∞.

ZÖÏ =KåÛ=Ù? WÅ∞¡ `ÕeQÍæ `≥eã≤O^•?
- : Hello Ramana
Mamayya . ! I virtually rummaged the entire platform looking for you.
How did you come? Could you locate the house easily?
ramana. : anta mandilo- kanabadarani

.
-' -
vaccesanu.
- - - -
'sramapadi antaduram -
miru nakosam . vaccaru.
-
nenakkade -
. undavalasindi.
. tappayindi.
~°=∞}: JO`« =∞OkÖ’ Hõ#|_»~x° =KÕÛâß#∞.
g∞~°∞ <åHÀãÖ „â◊=∞Ñ¨_ç JO`«^∂Œ ~°O =KåÛ~°∞.
<Õ#Hõ¯_Õ LO_»=Åã≤Ok. `«ÑÊ¨ ~ÚOk.
Ramana. : Thinking that it would be difficult to spot you in that rush, I came by a taxi car.
You have taken the trouble of going to the station all the way for me.
I made a mistake. I should have stayed there itself.
- --
- - isari
mamayya : parvaledu. vaccinappudu
.
-
nuvvu digina kampartumentu -
. . daggare undu.
.
=∂=∞Ü«∞º : Ñ¨~"° åÖË^∞Œ . D™êi =zÛ#Ñ¨ÙÊ_»∞
#∞=Ùfi ky# HõOáê~°∞"ì ∞≥ O@∞ ^ŒQ~æ̂Æ LO_»∞.
-
Mamayya : It doesn’t matter. When you come next time, stand near your compart-
ment after alighting.
- - -
atta : adigo- ramana, - - vaccadu -
- cudu.
. suryanni adigavuga;
. . .
J`«Î : JkQÀ ~°=∞}Ï, ã¨∂~åºxfl J_çQÍ=ÙQÍ; =KåÛ_»∞ K«∂_»∞.
Atta : Ramana, - -
. you have asked for Suryam; and there he is!
ramana: - - - - -
- bavunnava?
- -
. ra suryam ippude
. ni gurinci adugutunna.
.
~°=∞} : ~å, ã¨∂~°ºO. WÑ¨ÙÊ_Õ h QÆ∞iOz J_»∞QÆ∞`«∞<åfl. ÉÏ=Ù<åfl"å?
-
. : Hello Suryam, come on. We were just talking about you. How do you do?
Ramana
51
- - - -
suryam : a ! bavunnanu.
ã¨∂~°ºO : P ! ÉÏ=Ù<åfl#∞.
-
Suryam : Fine !
: ikkadikostunte- - - - -
ramana. . . naku nuvvu baga gurtoccavu.
-
- mi- uru
- - - - - emaina
- -
- nuvvu ravadam -
kani ravalante
. kastamayyedi.
.. . bavundi.
~°=∞} : WHõ¯_çH˘ã¨∞OÎ >Ë <å‰õΩ #∞=Ùfi ÉÏQÍ QÆ∞~˘ÎKåÛ=Ù.
HÍh g∞ T~°∞ ~å"åÅO>Ë Hõ+=ì¨ ∞ÜÕ∞ºk. U"≥∞<ÿ å #∞=Ùfi ~å=_»O ÉÏ=ÙOk.
Ramana. : When I was coming here, I remembered you very much.
It would be difficult for me to come to your village. Whatever it is, your visit is quite
welcome, and most enjoyable.
-
suryam -
: nuvvostunnavani -' -
telisindi. vaccesanu.
- - ala- totaloki
sare- gani - - veldama?- -
. .
ã¨∂~°ºO : #∞"˘fiã¨∞<Î åfl=x `≥eã≤Ok. =KÕÛâß#∞.
ã¨~ˆ QÍh JÖÏ `À@Ö’H˜ "≥àÏÌ=∂?
-
Suryam : I came to know of your visit.
So I rushed off. That is all right. Shall we go into the garden?
. : pada pada!
ramana
~°=∞} : Ñ¨^Œ Ñ¨^!Œ
Ramana
. : Let us go; don't tarry!
- - vaccadu?
atta : ippudegadara - - - -
appude --
. . . totaloki
. vellala!
..
J`«Î : WÑ¨ÙÊ_ÕQ^Æ ~Œ å =KåÛ_»∞? JÑ¨ÙÊ_Õ `À@Ö’H˜ "≥àÏ§ÖÏ!
Atta : He has come just now! What is the hurry to go to the garden?
- - koncem tini vellandi.

emaina .. .
U"≥∞<ÿ å H˘OK≥O ux "≥à§◊ O_ç.
Eat something and go.
- - - -
. : ippude
ramana . vastamatta. ra suryam.
~°=∞} : WÑ¨ÙÊ_Õ =™êÎ=∞`«.Î ~å ã¨∂~°ºO.
Ramana -
. : We will be back soon, atta. Come along, Suryam.
52
-
hotalku vellinappudu
. .. .
10. Ç¨ÏŸ@Öò‰Ωõ "≥o§#Ñ¨ÙÊ_∞»
When you go to a hotel
- -
- kavalandi?
sarvar : em .
ã¨~°fi~ü : UO HÍ"åÅO_ç?
Server : What do you want, Sir?
- : -emunnayi?
balu -
ÉÏÅ∞ : U=Ú<åfl~Ú?
- : What is available to eat?
Balu
- -' - -
sarvar : idli,
. vada,
. dosa, upma, puri.
ã¨~°fi~ü : W_ô,¡ =_», ^Àâ◊, Láê‡, Ñ¨Ói.
Server : Idli, -' - -
. Vada,
. Dosa, Upma, Puri.
- : idli- vediga
balu - - unda?
-
. .
ÉÏÅ∞ : W_ô¡ "Õ_Qç Í LO^•?
- : Is idli- hot?
Balu .
53
-
sarvar : ledu. vada - - undi.
. vediga
.
ã¨~°fi~ü : ÖË^∞Œ . =_» "Õ_Qç Í LOk.
Server : No. Vada
. is hot
- : ayite- okka pletu
- vada, rendu dosalu
-' - -
balu . . . tisukura.
ÉÏÅ∞ : J~Ú`Õ XHõ¯ ¿Ñ¡@∞ =_», ~Ô O_»∞ ^Àâ◊Å∞ fã¨∞‰õΩ~å.
- : In that case, bring one plate Vada and Dosa
Balu -' two plates.
.
-' -
sarvar : dosalu koncem -alasyamavutundandi.
.
ã¨~°fi~ü : ^Àâ◊Å∞ H˘OK≥O PÅã¨º=∞=Ù`«∞O^ŒO_ô.
-' will take some time, Sir.
Server : Dosa
-
- : anduke- vada mundu tisukura!
-
balu .
ÉÏÅ∞ : JO^Œ∞Hˆ =_» =ÚO^Œ∞ fã¨∞‰õΩ~å!
- : That is why bring Vada first!
Balu .
-
anand -
: udayam vadina intlo - cesindira!
vadale - -
. .
P#O^£ : L^ŒÜ∞« O =k# WO\’¡ =_»ÖË KÕãO≤ k~å!
-
Anand : Vadina (sister–in–law) prepared Vadas
. this morning.
- -
- : mari puri - -
balu tindama?
ÉÏÅ∞ : =∞i Ñ¨Ós uO^•=∂?
- : In that case shall we eat puri?
Balu
- : ikkada - - - -
anand . upma cala bavuntundi.
.
P#O^£ : WHõ¯_» Láê‡ KåÖÏ ÉÏ=ÙO@∞Ok.
-
Anand : Upma- is very tasty here.
-- -
- : sare- rendu upma tisukura.
balu .
ÉÏÅ∞ : ã¨~ˆ ~Ô O_»∞ Láê‡ fã¨∞‰õΩ~å.
- : OK then, bring two plates of upma.
Balu
54
- - -
postaphiski vellinappudu
.. .
11. áÈ™êìÑ¶‘ãπH˜ "≥o§#Ñ¨ÙÊ_»∞
When you go to the post office
- - - - - - - - ante- tapala
- -
miru konnisarlu postu
. aphisuki vellavalasi
.. vastundi. postaphisu
. .
- -
karyalayam. akkada - - - - -- -
. nunci mana uttaralu batvada
. . avutayi. mani ardar
. pampistamu
g∞~°∞ H˘xfl™ê~°∞¡ áÈã¨∞ì PÑ¶ã‘ ∞¨ H˜ "≥à§◊ =Åã≤ =ã¨∞OÎ k. áÈ™êìÑã‘¶ ∞¨ JO>Ë `«áêÖÏ HÍ~åºÅÜ«∞O.
JHõ¯_» #∞Oz =∞# L`«~Î åÅ∞ |\Ïfi_® J=Ù`å~Ú. =∞h P~°~¤ ü ÑÖÑ≤™êÎ=Ú.
Sometimes you may have to go to a post office. Post office is a place to arrange for
transport and delivery of letters, money orders etc.
- - - - - - - -
anand : emandi
. nalugu kardulu,
. rendu
. inland. kavarlu kavali.
P#O^£ : U=∞O_ô <åÅ∞QÆ∞ HÍ~°∞Å
¤ ∞, ~Ô O_»∞ W<å¡O_£ Hõ=~°∞¡ HÍ"åe.
-
Anand : Hello, please give me four postcards and two Inland letters.
55
gumasta- : ivigo-
QÆ∞=∞™êÎ : WqQÀ
Clerk : Here they are.
-
anand : alage -
- - revinyu- stampulu - - ivvandi.
-aru kavali
. .
P#O^£ : JÖÏˆQ ~Ô q#∂º ™êìOÑ¨ÙÅ∞ P~°∞ HÍ"åe W=fiO_ç.
-
Anand : Also give me six revenue stamps.
- revenyu- stampulu
gumasta: - - repurandi.
- ledu
staku -
. . .
QÆ∞=∞™êÎ : ~Ô "≥#∂º ™êìOÑ¨ÙÅ∞ ™êì‰Ωõ ÖË^∞Œ † ~ˆ Ñ¨Ù~°O_ç.
Clerk : Revenue stamps are out of stock. Please come tomorrow.
- - - - - kavali.
anand : nakiroje - - -
- - evarinaina- pedda postaphisuku
- - poni pampinci teppincandi.
.
P#O^£ : <åH©~À*Ë HÍ"åe. áÈh Z=i<≥<· å ÃÑ^ŒÌ áÈ™êìÑã‘¶ ∞¨ ‰õΩ ÑÖÑ≤Oz `≥ÑÊ≤ OK«O_ç.
-
Anand: I need them today. If you don't mind, send someone to the head-post office
to bring them.
-
gumasta- : ippudu bantrotu -
ledu.
. .
atanu vaccaka -
- pampistanu. oka ganta -
. taruvata randi.
.
QÆ∞=∞™êÎ : WÑ¨ÙÊ_»∞ |O„\’`«∞ ÖË_∞» .
J`«#∞ =KåÛHõ ÑÖÑ≤™êÎ#∞. XHõ QÆO@ `«~∞° "å`« ~°O_ç.
Clerk : Office boy is not available now.
When he comes, I will send him. Please come after an hour.
- -
- vastamu.
anand : sare,- nenu
- - ma- annayya kani
kani
P#O^£ : ã¨~ˆ <Õ#∞ HÍx =∂ J#flÜ«∞º HÍx =™êÎ=Ú.
-
Anand : OK. I will try to come, or send my elder brother.
tappakunda-
. teppincandi.
.
`«ÑÊ¨ ‰õΩO_® `≥ÑÊ≤ OK«O_ç
Please get them without fail.
gumasta- : alage.
- -
QÆ∞=∞™êÎ : JÖÏˆQ.
Clerk : Sure!
56
pelliki
.. vellinappudu
.. .
12. ÃÑo§H˜ "≥o§#Ñ¨ÙÊ_»∞
When you attend a wedding
daggara bandhuvula intlo- pellaite- entaduramaina

- - vellavalasinde- kada!
-
. .. ..
-
pellipanditlo - - - - - -
.. . idigo ilanti . sambhasanalu
. . etu
. cusina vinabadatayi.
.
^ŒQ~æÆ ° |O^è∞Œ =ÙÅ WO\’¡ ÃÑà◊§~Ú`Õ ZO`«^∂Œ ~°"∞≥ <ÿ å "≥à§◊ =Åã≤O^Õ Hõ^•!
ÃÑo§ÑÖk\’¡ WkQÀ WÖÏO\˜ ãÖÉèÏ+¨}Å∞ Z@∞ K«∂ã≤<å q#|_»`å~Ú.
If there is a wedding in the house of our near relation, we attend it wherever it is
celebrated. The guests indulge in this sort of conversation in the pandiri (Pandal or
- -
shamiana):
-
maga pellivaridi
.. e- vuru?
-
=∞QÆ ÃÑo§"åik U =Ó~°∞?

To which place does the bridegroom's party belong?
57
-
nelluru
<≥Å∂¡~°∞.
-
Nellore.
pelli -
- udyogam - -
.. koduku
. em cestadu?
.
ÃÑo§ H˘_»∞‰õΩ UO L^ÀºQÆO KÕ™êÎ_∞» ?
What is the bridegroom?
- -
- aphisar
byank
ÉÏºOH± PÑ¶ã‘ ~¨ ü
He is a bank officer.
e- vurilo?
- -
U =ÓiÖ’?
Where?
- -
bengulurulo
.
ÉˇOQÆ∞à◊¥~°∞Ö’
In Bangalore.
- -
erpatlu ghananga- unnayi.
-
.
U~åÊ@∞¡ Ñ¶∞¨ #OQÍ L<åfl~Ú.
Arrangements are excellent.
-
aunu. vantavallekkadi - vantalanni- goppaga- unnayi!
- - gani -
. .. . vallo
.. .
B#∞. =O@"åà‹§Hõ¯_ç "åà’§ QÍx =O@Åhfl Q˘Ñ¨ÊQÍ L<åfl~Ú !
Yes. I do not know wherefrom the cooks have come, all the preparations are delicious!
intaku- pelli
.. enni gantalaku?
.
WO`«‰Äõ ÃÑo§ Zxfl QÆO@Å‰õΩ?
-
By the by, when is the Muhurtam?
- padi gantalaku.
ratri .
~å„u Ñ¨k QÆO@Å‰õΩ.
At 10 P.M.
- - - -i cinna kanuka
- - ratravutundemo
cala - -
pellikuturiki - -
- vellipotanu.
iccesi
.. ..
KåÖÏ ~å„`«=Ù`«∞O^Õ"∂≥ D z#flHÍ#∞Hõ ÃÑo§‰õÄ`«∞iH˜ WKÕÛã≤ "≥o§áÈ`å#∞.
I am afraid it will be too late. I will give this little gift to the bride and go.
58
sare- vellandi. - - - - - vastaru.
na- snehitulanta -
.. . kani nenu untanu.
.
ã¨~ˆ "≥à§◊ O_ç. HÍx, <Õ#∞ LO\Ï#∞. <å ¿ãflÇ≤Ï`«∞ÅO`å =™êÎ~∞° .
OK, you can go. I will stay on; all my friends will come.
mancidi.
=∞Ozk.
Good.
- - ! nenu
saroja - - -
lakshmini; nannu gurtupattaleda?
..
ã¨~À*Ï ! <Õ#∞ ÅH˜‡∆ x† ##∞fl QÆ∞~°∞ÑÎ @
¨ Ö
ì ^Ë •?
- - ! I am Lakshmi; didn’t you recognise me?
Saroja
- -
ekkado - - - - maripoyavu?
- - -
. cusinatle
. undi anukuntunna;
. baga
ZHõ¯_À K«∂ã≤#>Ë¡ LOk J#∞‰õΩO@∞<åfl† ÉÏQÍ =∂iáÈÜ«∂=Ù?
I am just thinking that I had seen you somewhere earlier. You have changed a lot!
- - - - mi- cellelekkada undi?

nuvvu- maripoyavule. .
#∞=Ófi =∂iáÈÜ«∂=ÙÖË. g∞ K≥ÖÖ
¡ˇ Hˇ ¯õ _» LOk?
You too have changed. Where is your younger sister?
e- cellelu- ratna, -
- lalita?
U K≥ÖÅ
¡ˇ ∂ ~°`åfl, Åe`å?
Which one––Ratna- or Lalita?
-
lalitega - - -
- - natopatu cadivindi !
.
dani -
- sangate adugutunnanu.
-
.
Åe`ÕQÍ <å`Àáê@∞ K«kqOk !
^•x ãÖQÆ`Õ J_»∞QÆ∞`«∞<åfl#∞.
I think it is Lalita who studied with me!
I am asking about her only.
- - skullo
adi deharadun - - - - panicestondi.
ticaruga - -
. . .
Jk _≥ÇÏ¨ ~å_»∂<£ ã¨∂¯Ö’¡ \©K~« ∞° QÍ Ñ¨xKÕ™ÈÎOk.
She is working as a teacher in a Dehra Doon school.
59
-
'kani' ane- padam gurinci -
telusukundam
13. 'HÍx— J<Õ Ñ¨ÔŒ QÆ∞iOz- `≥Å∞ã¨∞‰õΩO^•O
Let us learn about the word 'kani' (but, thereby)
- -
manam enno- panulu ceyalanukuntam. - anna samayaniki
- - -
- ceyalemu.
purti a- mata
-
- .
itarulaku artham ayela -
- ceppadaniki - ‘anduvalana’ ane- padala
‘kani’, - sahayam
- tisukuntam.-
. .
=∞#O Z<Àfl Ñ¨#∞Å∞ KÕÜ∂« Å#∞‰õΩO\ÏO. J#fl ã¨=∞Ü«∂xH˜ Ñ¨ÓiÎ KÕÜ∞« ÖË=Ú. P =∂@
W`«~∞° Å‰õΩ J~°O÷ JÜÕ∞ÖÏ K≥ÑÊ¨ _®xH˜ 'HÍx—, 'JO^Œ∞=Å#—, J<Õ Ñ¨^•Å ã¨Ç¨ Ü«∞O fã¨∞‰õΩO\ÏO.
We propose to do many things. We cannot complete them on time. To drive home
this point we use words like 'kani' and 'anduvalana'(but and thereby).
-
sayantram badi - - - - -
. vadilaka kondaru snehitulu matladukuntunnaru.
. . . vinandi.
.
™êÜ«∞O„`«O |_ç =kÖÏHõ H˘O^Œ~∞° ¿ãflÇ≤Ï`«∞Å∞ =∂\Ï¡_∞» ‰õΩO@∞<åfl~°∞. q#O_ç.
After the school hours in the evening, some friends are conversing. Listen to it.
- - ninna ma- intiki vastanannavu
radha! - - kani
- raledu.
-- enduvalana?
.
~å^è•! x#fl =∂ WO\˜H˜ =™êÎ#<åfl=Ù HÍx ~åÖË^∞Œ . ZO^Œ∞=Å#?
- - ! you said you would come to our house yesterday. But you did not, why?
Radha
-
ninna ade- samayaniki kamala ma- intiki - -- - -
. vaccindi. anduvalana nenu raleka poyanu.
x#fl J^Õ ã¨=∞Ü«∂xH˜ Hõ=∞Å =∂ WO\˜H˜ =zÛOk. JO^Œ∞=Å# <Õ#∞ ~åÖËHõ áÈÜ«∂#∞.
At the same time yesterday Kamala came to our house. That’s why I could not make it.
- - ! ninna sinimaku
ramu - - - ?
vellava
..
~å=¸! x#fl ã≤x=∂‰õΩ "≥àÏ§"å ?
- - Did you go to a movie yesterday?
Ramu!
- - kani
vellalanukunnanu -
- vana vaccindi. - - -
anduvalana vellalekapoyanu.
.. ..
"≥àÏ§Å#∞‰õΩ<åfl#∞ HÍx "å# =zÛOk. JO^Œ∞=Å# "≥à§◊ ÖËHáõ ÈÜ«∂#∞.
I thought of going, but it rained. So, I could not go.
- - ! ninna a- patham
rani - - -
cadivava?
. .
~å}©! x#fl P áê~îO° K«k"å"å?
- - ! Did you read that lesson yesterday?
Rani
.
60
ninna ma- intiki - -
cuttaloccaru. -
andukani caduvukovadam - -
vilupadaledu.
. .. . .
x#fl =∂ WO\˜H˜ K«∞\ÏìÖÁKåÛ~°∞. JO^Œ∞Hõx K«^∞Œ =ÙHÀ=_»O gÅ∞Ñ¨_Ö
» ^Ë ∞Œ .
Some relatives came to our house yesterday. So, it was not possible to read it.
-- - - -
sita! repu gudiki
. veldama?
.
ã‘`å! ~ˆ Ñ¨Ù QÆ∞_çH˜ "≥àÏÌ=∂?
-
Sita ! Shall we go to the temple tomorrow?
- naku
repu - -
sangitam - undi. andukani ralenu.
klasu - -
~ˆ Ñ¨Ù <å‰õΩ ãÖw`«O HÍ¡ã∞¨ LOk. JO^Œ∞Hõx ~åÖË#∞.

I have a music class tomorrow. So, I cannot come.
- - ! repu
raji - -
nenu badiki -
. ranu.
~år ! ~ˆ Ñ¨Ù <Õ#∞ |_çH˜ ~å#∞.
- - ! I am not coming to school tomorrow.
Raji
endukani?
ZO^Œ∞Hõx?
Why?
- ma- akka kuturi

Repu - modati -
. puttinaroju.
..
~ˆ Ñ¨Ù =∂ JHõ¯ ‰õÄ`«∞i "≥Ú^Œ\˜ Ñ¨Ù\ì̃#~ÀA.
Tomorrow is the first birthday of my elder sister’s daughter.
- -
aite- -
mi akka vaccesinda?
J~Ú`Õ g∞ JHõ¯ =KÕÛã≤O^•?
You mean, your sister has come?
raledu -
- - rijarvesan - -
. dorakaledu. repu vastundi.
~åÖË^∞Œ . i[ˆ~fi+¨<£ ^˘~°HÖ
õ ^Ë ∞Œ . ~ˆ Ñ¨Ù =ã¨∞OÎ k
No. She could not get her train ticket reserved for her journey. She will come tomorrow.
61
- - nadustunnada,
papayi - rani?
-
. .
áêáê~Ú #_»∞ã¨∞#Î fl^•, ~å}˜?
-
Is the baby walking, Rani?
.
- -
inka- ledu,
- i madhya daniki jvaram vaccindi.
WOHÍ ÖË^∞Œ , D =∞^èºŒ ^•xH˜ [fi~°O =zÛOk.
Not yet. She had fever recently.
- - - -
puttina
.. roju patalu
. niku vacca?
Ñ¨Ù\˜#ì ~ÀA áê@Å∞ h‰õΩ =KåÛ?
Do you sing birthday songs?
vaccu raji! - - repu

- - kani - - -
padalenu. - - - daggu vastunnadi
endukante
. . padite
.
=K«∞Û, ~år! HÍh ~ˆ Ñ¨Ù áê_»Ö#Ë ∞. ZO^Œ∞HõO>Ë áê_ç`Õ ^ŒQ∞Æ æ =ã¨∞#Î flk.
- - But I cannot sing tomorrow. Because when I try to sing I get cough.
Yes, Raji!
- - - - - - - --
- ralenu.
naku mi papanu cudadaniki
. . ravalani undi kani
<å‰õΩ g∞ áêÑ¨#∞ K«∂_»_®xH˜ ~å"åÅx LOk HÍx ~åÖË#∞.
I would like to come and see your baby, but I cannot come.
--
enduku ralevu.
ZO^Œ∞‰õΩ ~åÖË=Ù.
Why can’t you come?
- uru
- mem
repu - -
veltunnam.
.
~ˆ Ñ¨Ù "Õ∞O T~°∞ "≥à√◊ <Î åflO.
We are going to the village tomorrow.
- - - -
- - pani manaku vilukakapoina, - -
- - - cestam.
edaina okkokkappudu
. istam
.. lekapoina
-
alanti - - - - - -
. sandarbhalalo - 'aina' ane padam upayogistam.
U^≥·<å Ñ¨x =∞#‰õΩ gÅ∞HÍHõáÈ~Ú<å, XH˘¯Hõ¯Ñ¨ÙÊ_»∞ W+¨ìO ÖËHáõ È~Ú<å KÕ™êÎO
JÖÏO\˜ ãÖ^Œ~åƒùÅÖ’– 'J~Ú<å— J<Õ Ñ¨ÔŒ LÑ¨Ü∂≥ y™êÎO.
We perform a certain task even if it is not convenient for us or if we are disinclined to
- (though, but, however).
do it. In such cases we use the word ‘‘Ayina’’
62
-
kinda iccina sambhasanalu cadavandi.
. . .
HÕ^Œ WzÛ# ãÖÉèÏ+¨}Å∞ K«^=Œ O_ç.
Read the following conversations.
- - mata
miku e- sandarbhalalo - ane
- - 'aina' - upayogapadutundo
.
-
.
- telustundi.
g∞‰õΩ U ãÖ^Œ~åƒùÅÖ’ 'J~Ú<å— J<Õ =∂@ LÑ¨Ü∂≥ QÆÑ_¨ ∞» `«∞O^À `≥Å∞ã¨∞OÎ k.
- (however)can be used.
You will know the contexts in which the word ‘‘Ayina’’
- intiki
ranga- ! raju - -
veldama?
. .
~°OQÍ ! ~åA WO\˜H˜ "≥àÏÌ=∂?
- Shall we go to Raju’s
Ranga! - house?
- intiki
raju -
ravadam -
nakistam -
. . . . ledu
~åA WO\˜H˜ ~å=_»O <åH˜+Oì¨ ÖË^∞Œ .
-
I don’t like to go to Raju’s house.
-
aina- mirandaru- veltunnarani
.
- -
vastunna.
J~Ú<å, g∞~°O^Œ~∂° "≥à√◊ <Î åfl~°x =ã¨∞<Î åfl.
However, since you are all going, I will go with you.

- - ninna bassulonci
radha - - - debba tagilinda?
paddavataga, -
.. .
~å^è• x#fl |ã¨∞ûÖ’Oz Ñ¨_®¤=@QÍ, ^≥|ƒ `«yeO^•?
It seems you fell from the bus yesterday. Were you hurt?
-
avunu. kaliki debba tagilindi. aina- - - badiki vaccanu.
alage -
.
J=Ù#∞. HÍeH˜ ^≥|ƒ `«yeOk. J~Ú<å JÖÏˆQ |_çH˜ =KåÛ#∞.
Yes. My leg was hurt. But I have somehow managed to come to school.

--
balu ninna pelliki - -
.. vellava?
..
ÉÏÅ∂, x#fl ÃÑo§H˜ "≥àÏ§"å?
- - Did you attend the wedding yesterday?
Balu!
-
artharatri pelli
.. ani amma nannu vaddannadi.
J~°~÷ å„u ÃÑo§ Jx J=∞‡ ##∞fl =^Œ#Ì flk.
No. As the wedding was at midnight, my mummy did not allow me to go.
63
-
- vellanu.
nenu - - nidra vaccindi. aina- pelli cudadam
baga - -
kosam -
akkade -
.. .. . . . unnanu.
<Õ#∞ "≥àÏ§#∞. ÉÏQÍ x„^Œ =zÛOk. J~Ú<å ÃÑo§ K«∂_»_O» HÀãÖ JHõ¯_Õ L<åfl#∞
I attended. Though I was very sleepy, I stayed there to witness the wedding.
- - -- -
i vidhanga- miku naccani pani ceyavalasi
- -
vaste- anduku karanalu
.
- alocinci mi mitrulato-
- -
matladandi.
. . .
D q^èOŒ QÍ g∞‰õΩ #K«Ûx Ñ¨x KÕÜ∞« =Åã≤ =¿ãÎ JO^Œ∞‰õΩ HÍ~°}ÏÅ∞ PÖ’zOz
g∞ q∞„`«∞Å`À =∂\Ï¡_O» _ç.
Thus whenever you have to do something you don’t like, think of the reasons for it
and converse with your friends.
mana abhiprayam- - -
teliyajeyadaniki - - matladutu
enno- vidhalunnayi. - - - unte-
. . . .
-
avi telustayi. kathalu caduvutunte - - - -
. telustayi. kinda iccina konni sambhasanalu
. . cudandi.
. .
- - - - - - - -
kriyapadanni rendusarlu
. anadam
. valana a pani ento samayam tisukundane artham
vastundi.
=∞# Jaè„áêÜ«∞O `≥eÜ«∞*ËÜ∞« _®xH˜ Z<Àfl q^è•Å∞<åfl~Ú. =∂\Ï¡_∞» `«∂ LO>Ë
Jq `≥Å∞™êÎ~Ú. Hõ^Å Œä ∞ K«^∞Œ =Ù`«∞O>Ë `≥Å∞™êÎ~Ú. HÕ^Œ WzÛ# H˘xfl ãÖÉèÏ+¨}Å∞ K«∂_»O_ç.
„H˜Ü∂« Ñ¨^•xfl ~Ô O_»∞™ê~°∞¡ J#_»O =Å# P Ñ¨x ZO`À ã¨=∞Ü«∞O fã¨∞‰õΩO^Œ<Õ J~°O÷ =ã¨∞OÎ k.
There are many ways to express our opinion. As we speak, we come to know of them.
We also get to know them if we read stories. Read the following dialogues. Repetition
of the verb indicates the long time taken to finish the work.
-
ramu - -
vaccada?
.
~å=Ú =KåÛ_®?
-
Has Ramu come?
-
ledu. - -
vadikosam - cusi
cusi - - -
visigipoyanu.
.
ÖË^∞Œ . "å_çHÀãÖ K«∂ã≤ K«∂ã≤ qã≤yáÈÜ«∂#∞.
No. I waited and waited for him and got vexed
ti.- ivvana?
-
\© W=fi<å?
Like to drink tea?
- - -
- madhyahnam
abbo! - nunci- ti. tagi -
tagi virakti pudutondi.
.
JÉ’ƒ! =∞^è•ºÇ¨ÏflO #∞Op \© `åy `åy q~°HÎ˜ Ñ¨Ù_»∞`ÀOk.
O no! Drinking tea after tea from noon onwards, I have developed an aversion to it.
64
- katha ceppana?
taruvati -
`«~∞° "åu Hõ^Œä K≥ÑÊ¨ <å?
Shall I continue the story?
- calu
calu - a- katha vini navvi navvi kadupunoppi -
vastondi.
.
KåÅ∞ KåÅ∞ P Hõ^Œä qx #qfi #qfi Hõ_∞» Ñ¨Ù<˘Ñ≤Ê =™ÈÎOk.
Enough, enough; listening to that story I had to hold my sides with laughter.
-
babu - - -
nidralecada?
.
ÉÏ|∞ x„^ŒÖKË å_®?
Has the boy (babu) not woken up yet?
- - -
a- ! ni kosam - edci
edci
.
-
. malli
- -
.. nidrapoyadu.
.
P ! h HÀãÖ U_çÛ U_çÛ =∞m§ x„^ŒáÈÜ«∂_»∞.
No. Having cried and cried for you, he fell asleep again.
- - ceppina padyalu
mastaru -' - -
- rasava?
.
=∂™êì~∞° K≥ÑÊ≤ # Ñ¨^•ºÅ∞ ~åâß"å?
Did you write the poems the teacher told you to?
- ippati varaku- rasi
a, - ceyi
- rasi - noppipudutondi.
-
. .
P, WÑ¨Ê\˜ =~°‰Äõ ~åã≤ ~åã≤ KÕ~Ú <˘Ñ≤ÊÑ¨Ù_»∞`ÀOk.
Yes. I wrote and wrote till now; and my hand started paining.
lalita intiki - - -
. veltunnam,
. vastava?
Åe`« WO\˜H˜ "≥à√◊ <Î åflO. =™êÎ"å?
We are going to Lalita’s house. Would you like to come?
-
ranu; ippatike -
- nadici nadici kallu -
noppipudutunnayi.
. . . .. .
~å#∞† WÑ¨Ê\˜Hˆ #_çz #_çz HÍà◊√§ <˘Ñ≤ÊÑ¨Ù_»∞`«∞<åfl~Ú.
No. My legs are aching having walked and walked till now.
- - - -
paina upayogincina kriyapadalaku dirgham ivvadam
. maro- vidhamaina
- - -' - - -
bhavaprakatana.
. mi uddesyanni inka balanga cebutundi.
ÃÑ·# LÑ¨Ü∂≥ yOz# „H˜Ü∂« Ñ¨^•Å‰õΩ n~°O… W=fi_»O =∞~À q^è"Œ ∞≥ #ÿ ÉèÏ=„Ñ¨H@
õ #. g∞ L^ÕâÌ ßºxfl WOHÍ
|ÅOQÍ K≥|∞`«∞Ok.
Another way of expressing our feelings and opinions is by ending the above verbs
with a long letter (consonant). That usage will emphasise the meaning.
65
- - cusi
cusi - - visigipoyanu.
- - navvi- navvi- kadupu -
noppi vastondi.
.
K«∂ã‘ K«∂ã‘ qã≤yáÈÜ«∂#∞. #gfi #gfi Hõ_∞» Ñ¨Ù <˘Ñ≤Ê =™ÈÎOk.
- - cusi)
Having seen and seen (cusi,
-
- - I am tired. Having laughed and laughed (navvi,
-
navvi), my stomach is aching.
- - edci
edci - - nidrapoyadu.
- - -- -- - -
. . . rasi rasi ceyi noppedutondi.
.
U_ôÛ U_ôÛ x„^ŒáÈÜ«∂_»∞. ~åã‘ ~åã‘ KÕ~Ú <˘ÃÑÊ_»∞`ÀOk.
Having cried and cried (edci, - - he fell asleep. Having written and written (rasi,
- - edci) --
- - my hand started paining.
rasi)
- -'
- oka pani manaku ascaryam - - jarigite-
edaina kaligenta ventane
.
U^≥·<å XHõ Ñ¨x =∞#‰õΩ Pâ◊Û~°ºO HõeˆQO`« "≥O@<Õ [iy`Õ
When something happens in quick succession
-
balu eppudu -
. vaccadu?
.
ÉÏÅ∞ ZÑ¨ÙÊ_»∞ =KåÛ_»∞?
- come"?
When did Balu
nuvvu ala- vellavo

..
- - balu
- - ledo -
- vaccadu.
.
#∞=Ùfi JÖÏ "≥àÏ§"À ÖË^À ÉÏÅ∞ =KåÛ_»∞.
- arrived .
No sooner had you gone out than Balu
railubandi - -
. saraina samayaniki vellinda?
..
~Ô Å
· ∞|O_ç ãÔ̈~#· ã¨=∞Ü«∂xH˜ "≥o§O^•?
Did the train leave the platform on time?
- - ledo
- railu ekkaro
vallu - - railu kadilindi.
..
"åà◊√§ ~Ô Å
· ∞ ZHÍ¯~À ÖË^À ~Ô Å
· ∞ HõkeOk.
As soon as they boarded the train, it started.
- - - - -
ademiti,
. tadisi
. vaccaru? mi inti. daggara vana kurustunnada?
J^Õq∞\˜, `«_ãç ≤ =KåÛ~°∞? g∞ WO\˜ ^ŒQ~æÆ ° "å# ‰õΩ~°∞ã¨∞#Î fl^•?
How come, you are drenched! Was it raining in your area?
66
ila- bayata
. adugu
.
- - ledo
pettamo
..
- - vana
- pattukundi.
..
WÖÏ ÉÜ«∞@ J_»∞QÆ∞ ÃÑ\Ïì"∂≥ ÖË^À "å# Ñ¨@∞ì‰Ωõ Ok.
No sooner had we stepped out than it started raining.
randi - - -
. bhojanam ceddam.
~°O_ç Éè’[#O KÕ^•ÌO.
Come, let us have our lunch.
vaddu, ala- tinnamo
- - ledo
- - ila- -' -
vaccesam.
=^Œ∞,Ì JÖÏ u<åfl"≥∂ ÖË^À WÖÏ =KÕÛâßO.
No. As soon as we finished eating, we came rushing.
- pramukhyata
edutivari - - -
teliyajeyadaniki
.
Z^Œ∞\˜"åi „áê=ÚYº`« `≥eÜ«∞*ËÜ«∞_®xH˜
To give due importance to the person spoken to
pelliki - -
vellava?
.. ..
ÃÑo§H˜ "≥àÏ§"å?
Did you go to the wedding?
- - - - -
miru tisuku vellakunda
.. . ela veltam?
.
g∞~°∞ fã¨∞‰õΩ "≥à§◊ ‰õΩO_® ZÖÏ "≥àÏÎO?
How can we go without your taking us?
-
bhojanam -' - -
cesara?
Éè’[#O KÕâß~å?
Have you had your food?
-
nuvvu rakunda- - - -
. ela cestam!
#∞=Ùfi ~å‰õΩO_® ZÖÏ KÕ™êÎO!
Without you, how can we eat!
67
-
matalni -
marci ceppadam
. .
14. =∂\efl =∂iÛ K≥ÑÊ¨ _O»
Twisting the words
- - - - matale
eppudu - - cinna cinna marpulato
- - veru
- veru
- arthalanu
- -
- cudandi
. matlade
. . istayi. . .:
ZÑ¨ÙÊ_»∂ =∂\Ï¡_Õ =∂@ÖË z#fl z#fl =∂~°∞ÊÅ`À "Õ~∞° "Õ~∞° J~å÷Å#∞ W™êÎ~Ú.K«∂_»O_ç :
The words we commonly use when twisted give a different meaning. Read the
following sentences :
- - -
"idi manci pustakam", ani mi abhiprayam cebutunnaru.
''Wk =∞Oz Ñ¨ÙãÎ¨ HOõ ——, Jx g∞ Jaè„áêÜ«∞O K≥|∞`«∞<åfl~°∞.
‘This is a good book’. By this, you are expressing your opinion about the book.
- - ani mi- mitrudi abhiprayam
"idi manci pustakamena?" - -
adugutunnaru.
. .
''Wk =∞Oz Ñ¨ÙãÎ¨ H"õ ∞Õ <å?—— Jx g∞ q∞„`«∞_ç Jaè„áêÜ«∞O J_»∞QÆ∞`«∞<åfl~°∞.
‘‘Is it a good book?’’ By this you are asking your friend’s opinion.
identa manci pustakamo- kada! -
- - - - - - - -
ante. mi abhiprayamto mi mitrudini . kuda
. kalupukuntunnaru.
.
W^≥O`« =∞Oz Ñ¨ÙãÎ¨ H"õ ∂≥ Hõ^• !
JO>Ë g∞ Jaè„áêÜ«∞O`À g∞ q∞„`«∞_çx ‰õÄ_® HõÅ∞Ñ¨Ù‰Ωõ O@∞<åfl~°∞.
‘What a good book it is!’ By expressing your opinion thus, you are involving your
friend also.
- - - - - mi- abhiprayam.
-
i roju eppatiki
. marcipolemu, anedi
D ~ÀA ZÑ¨Ê\˜H˜ =∞iÛáÈÖË=Ú, J<Õk g∞ Jaè„áêÜ«∞O.
‘We will never forget this day’'. This is your opinion.
- - - maruvagalama- !
i roju eppatikaina
.
- --
- - mito - - -
edutivarini
. kuda
. kalupukuni matladutunnaru.
. .
D ~ÀA ZÑ¨Ê\˜ÔH·<å =∞~°∞=QÆÅ=∂ !
Z^Œ∞\˜"åix ‰õÄ_® g∞`À HõÅ∞Ñ¨Ù‰Ωõ x =∂\Ï¡_∞» `«∞<åfl~°∞.
‘Can we ever forget this day?’ By this you are involving others, too.
uda- L^•: Eg.
- - - -
miku oka visayam
. patla
. khaccitamaina abhiprayam unnapudu . ila ceppali.
g∞‰õΩ XHõ q+¨Ü∞« O Ñ¨@¡ YzÛ`«"∞≥ #ÿ Jaè„áêÜ«∞O L#flÑ¨ÙÊ_»∞ WÖÏ K≥áêÊe.
If you have a precise opinion about a thing, you should say:
68
- - -
"i tota
. bavundi"
''D `À@ ÉÏ=ÙOk——.
‘‘This garden is pleasant’’.
inka- cudaledu,
- -
.
-
koncem sandeham -
undanukondi.
.
- - - -
- ani adagali.
i tota. bavuntunda?"
. .
WOHÍ K«∂_»Ö^Ë ∞Œ , H˘OK≥O ãÖ^ÕÇÏ¨ O LO^Œ#∞HÀO_ç.
''D `À@ ÉÏ=ÙO@∞O^•?—— Jx J_»QÍe.
Suppose you haven’t seen the garden yet, and have a doubt about its beauty, you
should say, ‘‘Is this garden
- pleasant?’.’
- - cala
- - bavundi.
- - - - - -
miku mi mitrulaku kuda . bavuntundani
. miku telusu. appudu .
g∞‰õΩ KåÖÏ ÉÏ=ÙOk. g∞ q∞„`«∞Å‰õΩ ‰õÄ_® ÉÏ=ÙO@∞O^Œx g∞‰õΩ `≥Å∞ã¨∞. JÑ¨ÙÊ_»∞
You liked the garden. You know your friends also will find it good. Then you say,
- - kadu"!
- enta bavundo
- -
"i tota
. anali.
''D `À@ ZO`« ÉÏ=ÙO^À Hõ^∂Œ — ! J<åe.
‘A nice garden, isn’t it?’.
69
- - - -
e visayamaina
. spastanga
.. ceppali.
U q+¨Ü∞« "≥∞<ÿ å ã¨Ê+¨ìOQÍ K≥áêÊe.
Be precise in your statements.
-
inko- sangati emitante,
- - -
. . oka visayam
. ceppalanukuni mitrudini
. kalusukuntam.
.
WOHÀ ãÖQÆu Uq∞@O>Ë, XHõ q+¨Ü∞« O K≥áêÊÅ#∞‰õΩx q∞„`«∞_çx HõÅ∞ã¨∞‰õΩO\ÏO.
Another point is this. We meet a friend with the intention of telling him something.
- a- sangati sarigga- ceppamu.
kani
HÍx P ãÖQÆu ãïQÍæ K≥ÑÊ¨ =Ú.
But we say it vaguely.
-
repu na- puttina -
roju -
veduka, - -
tappakunda -
.. . . ra antamu.
.
ekkadiki - - - ceppadam marcipotamu.
ravalo - -
. .
'ˆ~Ñ¨Ù <å Ñ¨Ù\ì̃# ~ÀA "Õ_∞» Hõ, `«ÑÊ¨ ‰õΩO_® ~å— JO\Ï=Ú.
ZHõ¯_çH˜ ~å"åÖ’ K≥ÑÊ¨ _»O =∞iÛáÈ`å=Ú.
‘Tomorrow is my birthday. Please come without fail’.
By saying that, we clearly forgot to tell them when and where to come.
- tappaka ravali
"repu -
- - marcipovaddu".
''ˆ~Ñ¨Ù `«ÑÊ¨ Hõ ~å"åe =∞iÛáÈ=^Œ∞—Ì —.
‘‘Come tomorrow. Do not forget.’’
ekkadiki - - - ceppaledu.
ravalo - -
ceppakunda - -
. . vallu
.. ela vastaru?
ZHõ¯_çH˜ ~å"åÖ’ K≥ÑÊ¨ ÖË^∞Œ . K≥ÑÊ¨ ‰õΩO_® "åà◊√§ ZÖÏ =™êÎ~∞° ?
It is vague as it does not mention the time and place. How can they come, otherwise?
- -
"adivaram, mana ramana - -
. intlo
. kaluddam".
''Pk"å~°O =∞# ~°=∞} WO\’¡ HõÅ∞^•ÌO——.
‘‘We will meet at our Ramana’s
. house on Sunday.’’
- ceppaledu.
enni gantalako - vallu - - -
. .. e samayaniki vastaru?
Zxfl QÆO@ÅHÀ K≥ÑÊ¨ ÖË^∞Œ . "åà◊√§ U ã¨=∞Ü«∂xH˜ =™êÎ~∞° ?
It is not proper as it does not mention time. At what time do they come?
kanuka mukhyamaina visayam -

nokki ceppali.
.
Hõ#∞Hõ =ÚYº"≥∞#ÿ q+¨Ü∞« O <˘H¯˜ K≥áêÊe.
Therefore we have to stress the important point.
70
- - - - gantalaku railve- stesankura!
- -
- maraci povaddu.
" i roju sayantram aru . . .
- gantalaku". ila- spastanga- ceppali.
sarigga- aru -
. ..
''D ~ÀA ™êÜ«∞O„`«O P~°∞ QÆO@Å‰õΩ ~Ô Ö· fiË ¿ãì+<¨ ‰£ Ωõ ~å! =∞iÛ áÈ=^Œ∞.Ì
ãïQÍæ P~°∞ QÆO@Å‰õΩ——. WÖÏ ã¨Ê+ì̈OQÍ K≥áêÊe.
Try to be precise in your statement :
‘‘Come to the railway station at 6 o’ clock this evening. Don’t forget. At 6 p.m. sharp’’.
- - - ceppetappudu
- - - unnada, - - gamanincukondi.
- leda -
miru edaina . . a visayam
. spastanga
.. .
g∞~°∞ U^≥<· å K≥¿ÑÊ@Ñ¨ÙÊ_»∞, P q+¨Ü∞« O ã¨Ê+ì̈OQÍ L#fl^•, ÖË^• QÆ=∞xOK«∞HÀO_ç.
So, when you say something, you should check if your statement is precise and very
clear.
nokki ceppadam
. <˘H¯˜ K≥ÑÊ¨ _»O To stress a point
manam matlade - -
- - - vidhananni batti - - - - - -
. . . . arthalu maripotayi. manam e padanni nokki
- -
- - vakyanni
cebutunnamo, ekkada - - - - -
. virici cebutunnamo, e padaniki pramukhyata
ivvakunda- - - - - telusukondi.
- - -
. datavestunnamo
. . kinda iccina vakyam cudandi:
. .
=∞#O =∂\Ï¡_Õ q^è•<åxfl |\˜ì J~å÷Å∞ =∂iáÈ`å~Ú. =∞#O U Ñ¨^•xfl <˘H˜¯ K≥|∞`«∞<åfl"≥∂,
"åHÍºxfl ZHõ¯_» qiz K≥|∞`«∞<åfl"≥∂, U Ñ¨^•xH˜ „áê=ÚYº`« W=fi‰õΩO_® ^•@"Õã¨∞Î<åfl"≥∂
`≥Å∞ã¨∞HÀO_ç. HÕ^Œ WzÛ# "åHõºO K«∂_»O_ç:
The meanings of sentences will change as per the manner in which we speak them.
When we speak we must know which word needs to be stressed, where we should
pause or break the sentence, and which word we are overlooking. Read the following
sentence:
"a- pani naku

- ceppaku".
''P Ñ¨x <å‰õΩ K≥ÑÊ¨ ‰õΩ——.
‘Don’t assign me that work’.
- pani naku
'a' - ceppaku.
- - -
'a' pratyekanga ceppadam - -
. valana a okka pani matram ceppavaddu, ani artham vastundi.
'P— Ñ¨x <å‰õΩ K≥ÑÊ¨ ‰õΩ.
'P— „Ñ¨`ºÕ HõOQÍ K≥ÑÊ¨ _»O =Å# P XHõ¯ Ñ¨x =∂„`«O K≥ÑÊ¨ =^Œ∞,Ì Jx J~°O÷ =ã¨∞OÎ k.
‘That work’? Don’t assign it to me.
By breaking the sentence, it means that ‘Do not assign me that particular work’.
71
- ane- padanni
'naku' - - - ceppadam valana a- pani inkevarikaina- ceppu.
pratyekanga .
naku -
- matram ceppaku.
'<å‰õΩ— J<Õ Ñ¨^•xfl „Ñ¨`ºÕ HõOQÍ K≥ÑÊ¨ _»O =Å# P Ñ¨x WOÔH=iÔH<· å K≥ÑÙ¨ Ê.
<å‰õΩ =∂„`«O K≥ÑÊ¨ ‰õΩ.
By mentioning the word 'me’, particularly with a stress, it may mean ‘‘assign that
work to anybody else, but not to me’'.
-
inko- udaharana -
. cudandi:
. .
WOHÀ L^•Ç¨Ï~°} K«∂_»O_ç.
Take another example :
-
'nenu - -
ninnu rammannana'!
'<Õ#∞— x#∞fl ~°=∞‡<åfl<å— !
‘‘Did ‘I’ ask you to come!’’
-
nenu -
rammanaledu. - - ane- artham vastundi.
inkevarannaro
<Õ#∞ ~°=∞‡#ÖË^∞Œ . WOÔH=~°<åfl~À J<Õ J~°O÷ =ã¨∞OÎ k.
It may mean, ‘I did not ask you to come. I do not know who asked you’.
-
nenu 'ninnu' - -
rammannana?
<Õ#∞ 'x#∞fl— ~°=∞‡<åfl<å?
‘‘Did I ask ‘you’ to come?’’
-
ninnu rammanaledu. inkokarini ane- artham vastundi.
x#∞fl ~°=∞‡#ÖË^∞Œ . WOH˘Hõix J<Õ J~°O÷ =ã¨∞OÎ k.
It may mean, ‘‘I did not ask you to come; but someone else’’.

72
anukunnatlu - -
. jaragakapote
J#∞‰õΩ#fl@∞¡ [~°QÆHõáÈ`Õ
If something does not transpire as intended
- - - - - - -
miru mi snehitudi
. daggara o- pustakam tisukuntaru.
. cadivi repu istanani -
cebutaru.
- - - - -
kani ivvaledu.
. appudu
. mirila anali.
g∞~°∞ g∞ ¿ãflÇ≤Ï`«∞_ç ^ŒQ~æÆ ° F Ñ¨ÙãÎ¨ HOõ fã¨∞‰õΩO\Ï~°∞. K«kq ˆ~Ñ¨Ù W™êÎ#x K≥|∞`å~°∞. HÍx W=fiÖË^∞Œ .
JÑ¨ÙÊ_»∞ g∞iÖÏ J<åe:
You borrow a book from your friend. You promise to read and return it the next
day. But you fail to do so. Then you say like this:
- - anukunnanu,
chaduvagalanemo - - - caduvalekapoyanu.
kani - - - - tappakunda-
cadivi repu
- .
istanu
K«^∞Œ =QÆÅ<Õ"∂≥ J#∞‰õΩ<åfl#∞, HÍh K«^∞Œ =ÖËHáõ ÈÜ«∂#∞. K«kq ~ˆ Ñ¨Ù `«ÑÊ¨ ‰õΩO_® W™êÎ#∞.
I thought I could read it; but faild to do so. I will read and return it tomorrow without
fail.
-
sumati vaccinda?
ã¨∞=∞u =zÛO^•?
Has Sumathi come?
- - anukunnanu,
vastundemo --
- inka- raledu.
=ã¨∞OÎ ^Õ"∂≥ J#∞‰õΩ<åfl#∞, WOHÍ ~åÖË^∞Œ .
I thought she would come, but has not come yet.
- - - - - -
i roju miru vakinguku vellaleda?
..
D ~ÀA g∞~°∞ "åHÕQ∑‰Ωõ "≥à§◊ ÖË^•?
Didn’t you go for a walk today?
vana - -
- vastundemonani -
vellaledu.
..
"å# =ã¨∞OÎ ^Õ"∂≥ #x "≥à§◊ ÖË^∞Œ .
Thinking that it might rain I did not go.
krusna - - - inka- raledu?

--
. . . vaccadani
. ceppavu, kani
Hõ$+¨‚ =KåÛ_»x K≥áêÊ=Ù, HÍx WOHÍ ~åÖË^∞Œ ?
You said that Krishna had come, but he has not come till now.
73
- - -
- - vastanannadu. -
- - - anukunnanu.
i roje . vaccademo
.
D ~À*Ë =™êÎ#<åfl_»∞. =KåÛ_Õ"∂≥ J#∞‰õΩ<åfl#∞.
He had said he would positively come today. That is why I thought he might have
come.
- intlo- unnada?
sita -
.
ã‘`« WO\’¡ L#fl^•?
Is Sita in the house?
- ledamma.
sita -
ã‘`« ÖË^=Œ ∞‡.
- is not in the house.
No. Sita
- - - - - - vastanu.
-
sita untundemonani
. vaccanu. inkosari
ã‘`« LO@∞O^Õ"∂≥ #x =KåÛ#∞. WOHÀ™êi =™êÎ#∞.
I came thinking that she would be in the house. All right, I will come again.
74
'
prasnalu
15. Ñ„ â
¨ fl◊ Å∞
Questions
adigi -
. telusukondi.
.
J_çy `≥Å∞ã¨∞HÀO_ç.
Ask and know.
- - - - - - -
miru edaina telusukovalante
. adagali.
.
g∞~°∞ U^Œ~Ú<å `≥Å∞ã¨∞HÀ"åÅO>Ë J_»QÍe.
You need asking to know anything.
- - mi- anumanalu -- -
- - milone
adagadaniki
. - .
-
sandehiste - -
undipotayi.
. a- prasnalaku
'
- - - - -
samadhanamulu eppatiki
. miku teliyavu. anduke adigi
. telusukondi.
.
J_»Q_Æ ®xH˜ ãÖ^ÕÇÏ≤ ¿ãÎ g∞ J#∞=∂<åÅ∞ g∞Ö’<Õ LO_çáÈ`å~Ú. P „Ñ¨âfl◊ Å‰õΩ ã¨=∂^è•#=ÚÅ∞
ZÑ¨Ê\˜H© g∞‰õΩ `≥eÜ«∞=Ù. JO^Œ∞Hˆ J_çy `≥Å∞ã¨∞HÀO_ç.
If you hesitate to ask, you will never know the answers to your doubts. That is why
ask and get your doubts cleared.
evaru? enduku? eppudu? ekkada? -
ela?
. .
Z=~°∞? ZO^Œ∞‰õΩ? ZÑ¨ÙÊ_»∞? ZHõ¯_»? ZÖÏ?
Who? Why? When? Where? How?
- - - -
i aidu matala
. upayogam telusukondi.
.
D J~Ú^Œ∞ =∂@Å LÑ¨Ü∂≥ QÆO `≥Å∞ã¨∞HÀO_ç.
These are known as four W’s and H.
Now try to know their meanings and application.
- evaru?
ame
P"≥∞ Z=~°∞?
Who is she?
-
ame anjali.
P"≥∞ JO[e.
She is Anjali.
75
ekkada -
. nunci vaccaru?
ZHõ¯_» #∞Oz =KåÛ~°∞?
Where is she from?
-
rajamandri -
. nunci vaccaru.
~å[=∞O„_ç #∞Oz =KåÛ~°∞.
-
She is from Rajahmundry.
.
akkada - - -
. emi cestaru?
JHõ¯_» Uq∞ KÕ™êÎ~∞° ?
What does she do there?
- - taragatulu nirvahistaru.
yoga -
Ü≥∂QÍ `«~Q° `Æ ∞« Å∞ x~°fiÇ≤Ï™êÎ~∞° .

- - classes.
She conducts Yoga
76
ikkadaku -
enduku vaccaru?
.
WHõ¯_»‰Ωõ ZO^Œ∞‰õΩ =KåÛ~°∞?
Why has she come here?
mana badilo - - gurinci ceppadaniki.

- yoga -
. .
=∞# |_çÖ’ Ü≥∂QÍ QÆ∞iOz K≥ÑÊ¨ _®xH˜.
- - in our school.
To give a talk on Yoga

-
- emaina
edi - ani ceppadaniki
- a- pani jaragali - ila- antamu:
-
. .
Uk U"≥∞<ÿ å P Ñ¨x [~°QÍe Jx K≥ÑÊ¨ _®xH˜ WÖÏ JO\Ï=Ú:
To express the view ‘Come what may, that should be done’, we say:
- - - petti -a billulu
unna adayamanta - migulutundi?
- - migata- kharculakem
katteste
.. ..
L#fl P^•Ü«∞=∞O`å ÃÑ\˜ì P aÅ∞¡Å∞ Hõ>¿ìË ãÎ q∞QÆ`å Y~°∞ÛÅˆHO q∞QÆ∞Å∞`«∞Ok?
If we spend all the income to pay the bills, what about the other expenses?
migilina, - - manam tinna- tinakapoina

- migalakapoina, - - vallaku
- a- dabbu -
kattali.
.. . ..
q∞ye<å. q∞QÆÅHõáÈ~Ú<å, =∞#O u<åfl u#HõáÈ~Ú<å "åà◊§‰õΩ P _»|∞ƒ Hõ\Ïìe.
We have to pay the bills whether something remains or not and whether we eat or
not.
-
vadu - pani cesadante
-' - - - - -
. ilanti
. . . nammalekapotunna.
"å_»∞ WÖÏO\˜ Ñ¨x KÕâß_»O>Ë #=∞‡ÖËHáõ È`«∞<åfl.
I could not just believe that he had done such a thing.
- - adi nijam!
nuvvu nammina- nammakapoina
#∞=Ùfi #q∞‡<å #=∞‡HõáÈ~Ú<å Jk x[O!
Believe it or not, that is the truth!
- - - -
nikem ennaina- -
cebutavu. - naku
kani vilu padali
.
-
- kada!
hˆHO Z#fl~Ú<å K≥|∞`å=Ù. HÍx <å‰õΩ gÅ∞ Ñ¨_®e Hõ^•!
You say so many things, what do you lose? But it should be convenient to me.
77
- - - padakapoina,
- - a- pani ceyadam
- - -
niku vilu padina
. . . ni badhyata.
h‰õΩ gÅ∞ Ñ¨_<ç å Ñ¨_H» áõ È~Ú<å, P Ñ¨x KÕÜ∞« _»O h ÉÏ^èºŒ `«.
Convenient or not, it is your duty to do that work.
- vaccina- rakapoina
vallu - - - -
manam pilavali.
..
"åà◊√§ =zÛ<å ~åHõáÈ~Ú<å =∞#O Ñ≤Å"åe.
Whether they come or not , we have to invite.
- - - - - - - -
oka pani ceyalekapote kanisam marokataina . ceyalane- sandarbhamlo-
XHõ Ñ¨x KÕÜ∞« ÖËHáõ È`Õ HõhãÖ =∞~˘H>
õ <ÿ̌ å KÕÜ∂« Å<Õ ãÖ^Œ~ƒ° Où Ö’
To do at least something else if onething cannot be done.
- mi- gruhapravesaniki
akka- ! nenu -' - --
ralenu.
.
JHÍ¯! <Õ#∞ g∞ QÆ$Ç¨Ï„Ñ¨"âÕ ßxH˜ ~åÖË#∞.
- I cannot attend your house–warming ceremony.
Sister(Akka),
-' -
gruhapravesaniki - - - gani
- - rakapoyavu
rakapote - - ammayi
- pellikaina- ra!
-
. ..
QÆ$Ç¨Ï„Ñ¨"âÕ ßxH˜ ~åHõáÈ`Õ ~åHõáÈÜ«∂=Ù QÍx J=∂‡~Ú ÃÑo§ÔH<· å ~å!
If you do not want to come for house–warming, don’t come; but attend at least the
wedding of my daughter.
- naku
amma, - - -
- ledu,
akaliga -
annam tinalenu.
J=∂‡, <å‰õΩ PHõeQÍ ÖË^∞Œ J#flO u#ÖË#∞.
Mummy, I am not hungry. I cannot eat food.
- - gani
- - tinakapoyavu
annam tinakapote - palaina
- - tagu.
-
J#flO u#HõáÈ`Õ u#HõáÈÜ«∂=Ù QÍx áêÖˇ<· å `åQÆ∞.
If you don’t want to eat do not eat, but at least drink milk.
-
amma- ! nenu
- sita intiki
.
-
veltunna.
.
J=∂‡ ! <Õ#∞ ã‘`« WO\˜H˜ "≥à√◊ <Î åfl.
Mummy, I am going to Sita’s house.
-
velte - - - sayantraniki
- - -
. vellavugani
.. tirigi ra!
"≥àÎı "≥àÏ§=ÙQÍh ™êÜ«∞O„`åxH˜ uiy ~å!
If you want to go you can go. But come back by evening.
78
- - - - - - - - -
ila ceppalante
. ilantivi
. enno andamaina vakyalu, arthavantamaina vakyalu mana
- -
- Telugu nercukuni, - caduvutu- unte, - -
- matladutu
- unte-
bhasalo
. unnayi. telugu pustakalu . . . .
- - - - -
miku anni baga telustayi.
WÖÏ K≥áêÊÅO>Ë WÖÏO\˜q Z<Àfl JO^Œ"∞≥ #ÿ "åHÍºÅ∞, J~°=÷ O`«"∞≥ #ÿ "åHÍºÅ∞ =∞# ÉèÏ+¨Ö’
L<åfl~Ú. `≥Å∞QÆ∞ <Õ~∞° Û‰õΩx, `≥Å∞QÆ∞ Ñ¨ÙãÎ̈HÍÅ∞ K«^∞Œ =Ù`«∂ LO>Ë, =∂\Ï¡_∞» `«∂ LO>Ë g∞‰õΩ
Jhfl ÉÏQÍ `≥Å∞™êÎ~Ú.
There are so many beautiful expressions in the Telugu language. Learn Telugu and
read Telugu books; and if you practise speaking in Telugu, you will know many things.
- teta
- telugu mata -
- tiyanaina -
teta
. . . telugu mata.
.
`Õ@ `Õ@ `≥Å∞QÆ∞ =∂@ fÜ«∞<≥#· `≥Å∞QÆ∞ =∂@.
Telugu is lucid, Telugu is sweet.
- - nercukondi.
manasara - - -- - -
. tanivi tira matladandi.
. . .
=∞#™ê~å <Õ~∞° ÛHÀO_ç. `«xq f~å =∂\Ï¡_O» _ç.
Learn it earnestly and willingly. Speak in melodious Telugu to your heart's content.
- yanna, desambu
telu gadela -' -
telugenu
telugu vallabhunda,
. telugokanda,.
yella nrupula goluva nerugave - - -
basadi
. .
-' -
desabhasalandu telugu lessa.
.
`≥Å∞ QÆ^Å Õ Ü«∞#fl, ^ÕâO◊ |∞ `≥Å∞ˆQ#∞
`≥Å∞QÆ∞ =Å¡É∞íè O_», `≥Å∞Q˘HõO_»,
Ü≥∞Å¡ #$Ñ¨ÙÅ Q˘Å∞= <≥é∞QÆ"Õ ÉÏ™ê_ç
^ÕâÉ◊ Ïè +¨ÅO^Œ∞ `≥Å∞QÆ∞ Öˇãû¨ .
If you ask why Telugu, it is
the Telugu land,
I am a Telugu king, and a Telugu man;
Speak Telugu compelling
admiration of all kings;
Telugu is the sweetest of all
languages of the country.
79

Telugulo Matladukundam: Let Us Speak in Telugu

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Telugulo Matladukundam: Let Us Speak in Telugu

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- - - -

annayya, tammudu - - undoccu.

ÃÑ^Œ<Ì å#ﬂ ÉèÏ~°º ÃÑ^Œ=Ì ∞‡ J=Ù`«∞Ok. ÉÏÉÏ~Ú ÉèÏ~°º Ñ≤xﬂ J=Ù`«∞Ok.

evaraina iddaru krottavallu - sambhasanalo

ã‘`« : <å ¿Ñ~°∞ ã‘`.«

J=∞Å : U |_çÖ’ K«^∞Œ =Ù`«∞<åﬂ=Ù?

~°OQÆ : D <≥Å Ñ¨sHõÖ

~°OQÆ : ã¨~ˆ =∂=∞Ü«∂º!

^ŒÜ∞« KÕã≤ XHõ™êi g∞ HõÅO W™êÎ~å?

-- - - - - a- kitiki- koncem mustara?

JÜ≥∂º! WO`«=∂„`åxˆH<å? UO Ñ¨~"° åÖË^∞Œ .

- ekkada unna- emi - - mi- mata

- - : ninnati nunci adokala- unnavu.

QÀáêÖò : XHõ™êi "å~ÚOK«~å!

- - - ekkada ela- pattukovalo

- - visayam telisindi sarala- !

QÀáêÖò : =∞Ozk. <Õ#∂ K«∂™êÎ#∞.

manam konni samayalalo -~ -

Listen to what I say. D Ñ¨x Ñ¨Ó~°Ü

ikkada - K≥ÑÊ≤ # q^èOŒ QÍ<Õ K≥~Úº.

- - tadiste- jalubu cestunda?

ma- intiki - ‘vastanu’

‘galanu’, ‘vaccu’ ane- padalalo

ikkada - - - ela- - - - - vinandi.

Ç¨ÏÖ’, ^ŒÜ∞« KÕã≤ ~°=∞}#∞ Ñ≤Å∞™êÎ~å?

neni - mi- intiki

- mari- ekkuvunte- inko-

are- ! dati -' -

ramana: ayite- - - nakanna

=∂=∞Ü«∞º : UO~å ~°=∞}Ï ! h HÀã¨O WÑ¨Ê\˜=~°‰Äõ áê¡\áò ê¶ ~°O JO`å uiQÍ#∞.

ramana. : anta mandilo- kanabadarani

- - koncem tini vellandi.

daggara bandhuvula intlo- pellaite- entaduramaina

=∞QÆ ÃÑo§"åik U =Ó~°∞?

- - - - mi- cellelekkada undi?

~ˆ Ñ¨Ù <å‰õΩ ã¨Ow`«O HÍ¡ã∞¨ LOk. JO^Œ∞Hõx ~åÖË#∞.

- ma- akka kuturi

vaccu raji! - - repu

nuvvu ala- vellavo

kanuka mukhyamaina visayam -

"a- pani naku

krusna - - - inka- raledu?

Ü≥∂QÍ `«~Q° `Æ ∞« Å∞ x~°ﬁÇ≤Ï™êÎ~∞° .

mana badilo - - gurinci ceppadaniki.

migilina, - - manam tinna- tinakapoina

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