Annotated Bibliography

Breuner C.C & Mattson G. (August, 2016) Sexuality Education for Children and Adolescents

Retrieved from http://pediatrics.aappublications.org/content/138/2/e20161348.long

This clinical report is provided as an update for pediatricians on providing

developmentally appropriate, sexual and reproductive health education. Breuner and
Mattson define the scientifically effectual, and evidence based procedure for informing
children and young adults on human sexuality, including healthy relationships, human
anatomy, safe sex practices, gender identity, sexual orientation, reproductive
responsibility, contraception, and abstinence.
This report provides this paper with a medically informed source on evidence
based sexual education, and emphasizes the benefits of the comprehensive method. The
report identities the qualities sexual education should have in order to protect adolescents,
and help them to make informed decisions regarding their sexual health.

Burns, J. (August, 2017) Research Confirms That Abstinence-Only Education Hurts Kids

Retrieved from https://www.forbes.com/sites/janetwburns/2017/08/23/research-

confirms-the-obvious-that-abstinence-only-education-hurts-kids/#390e0b996615

This article summarizes the research of recent scientific reviews regarding the
effect of abstinence-only education. The article states that AOUM programs have failed
in preventing sexual activity in teens, and has wasted millions of dollars in education
funds. Research finds that AOUM programs have also violated adolescent human rights
by denying basic medical information, stigmatizing the LGBT community, and
consistently rejecting the advise of health professionals.
The article provides this paper with the most recent scientific study of the
outcome of abstinence-only programs. It provides an important factor in the harmful
effects of abstinence-only, and provides evidence that the method withholds accurate
medical information.

Hall K.F & Hall D.W (October, 14 2011) Abstinence-Only Education and Teen

Pregnancy Rates: Why We Need Comprehensive Sex Education in the U.S. Retrieved

from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3194801/

This article studies the trend between sex education programs in each state and
the rate of teen pregnancy in that state. The authors analyze how abstinence-only and
comprehensive sex education programs effect these rates, and to what degree these
programs cause or deter teen pregnancy.
The article provides this paper with statistics and data that provide evidence for
the effectiveness of each method of sex education in the U.S.
Kaiser, H.J. (2018) Abstinence Education Programs: Definition, Funding, and Impact on Teen

Sexual Behavior. Retrieved from https://www.kff.org/womens-health-policy/fact-sheet

/abstinence-education-programs-definition-funding-and-impact-on-teen-sexual-behavior/

The KFF defines federal and state programs for sex education. They provide the
history and current state of sex education, and its funding in the U.S. The article analyzes
the effectiveness of each method with scientific data.
The report provides this paper with a definition of the abstinence-only programs
that are funded by the U.S. government, including the regulations and rules that must be
followed in order to receive government funding.

Perrin, K., & DeJoy, S. (2003) Abstinence-Only Education: How We Got Here and Where We're

Going. Journal of Public Health Policy. Retrieved from

https://www.jstor.org/stable/3343387?read-now=1&seq=8#metadata_info_tab_contents

This journal article provides a history of sex education in the U.S., and analyzes
the arguments of both abstinence-only and comprehensive sex education supporters. The
article concludes with the opinion that federal funding of abstinence-only programs has
yet to be proven as effective, and funding should be supplied to programs that have been
medically and scientifically backed.
This journal article provides this paper with the arguments of both methods of sex
education, and each method’s public opinion. Describing the majority as positive toward
comprehensive sex ed.

Planned Parenthood Action Fund. (2019) Sex Education Laws and State Attacks &

Abstinence-Only-Until-Marriage Programs. Retrieved from

https://www.plannedparenthoodaction.org

This website provides statistics and public opinion on the effectiveness of

abstinence-only and comprehensive sex education. Including the history of sex education
in the U.S., and current policies that restrict sex education from being taught in public
schools.
The planned parenthood action fund provides this paper with an important and
authoritative view on the consequences of inaccurate and limited sexual health
information.