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2011-10-05 Example Using Response 2000 PDF
2011-10-05 Example Using Response 2000 PDF
Problems to be Solved Using R2K: For the 300 × 600 mm section, obtain the following using program R2K (Search for
“Response 2000” on Google.com to download)
1. Mcr and φcr of the gross section (easier to do this by hand using geometric properties calculated by R2K)
2. Mcr and φcr of the transformed section with three 20 mm diameter bars at 65 mm from bottom of section
3. My and φy of this section with these three 20 mm diameter bars
4. Mn and φn of this section with these three 20 mm diameter bars
5. The Effect of Axial Compression on Moment‐Curvature Response
6. As,min of this section so that the section so that My > Mcr
2
7. My and φy of this section but with five 32 mm diameter (Area = 804 mm ) bars
8. Determine As,max (Amount of Reinforcement for which first yield occurs when top strain = ‐0.003)
9. Effect of Adding Compression Reinforcement on Moment‐Curvature Response
10. Axial Load – Moment Interaction Diagram
11. Effect of Adding a Top Flange
Problem 1: Determine Mcr and φcr of the gross section
(i) Options Preferences SI Metric
(ii) To define the concrete section:
Define Concrete Section Rectangle Section (input b = 300, & h = 600) Select OK
(iii) To define the concrete and reinforcement material properties
Define Material Properties Concrete ‐ Detailed f’c (input “cylinder strength = 35 MPa”, “tension
strength = 3.5 MPa”, make “Tension Stiffening Factor = 0”, Select Base Curve = Parabola or Popovics, “Peak
Strain = 0.002”Select Modify or Add and then OK)
Define Material Properties Non Prestressed Reinforcement ‐ Detailed fy, set yield & ultimate strength
to 400 MPa
(iv) Select the cross‐section icon (beneath the word loads at top of screen) to review input & calculated values
(v) Solve Full or Sectional Response” to solve Problem 1.
When asked about leaving off tension stiffening, select “Yes”
May wish to Select “More Detail” a Few Times, Review effect of this on predicted response
Problem 2: Determine Mcr and φcr of the Transformed Section with three 20 mm diameter bars (work from #1)
(i) Define Longitudinal Reinforcement Individual Layers (Name = bottom; Number of Bars = 3, Select
2
bar by area, Bar Area = 314 mm , Dist. From bottom = 65 mm, Select “Add” and then “OK”
(ii) To define material properties of steel: Define Material Properties Reinforcement Detailed fy
(input “Yield Strength” = 400, Ultimate Strength” = 400)
(iii) Select the cross‐section icon to review input and calculated values
(iv) Solve “Full or Sectional Response” to solve Problem 2.
When asked about leaving off tension stiffening, select “Yes”
May wish to Select “More Detail” a Few Times, Review effect of this on the predicted response
Problem 3: The My and φy of this section with three 20 mm diameter bars
Use from problem #2, run the sectional analysis a few times (using the more detail feature), scroll along Load‐
Deformation response to find location where the reinforcement has yielded (this is where the steel first turns red). The
yield point is somewhere between this point and the previous value.
Alternatively, select the “1 Strain” feature from the Solve menu and then enter the yield strain (in millistrain) and its
distance from the bottom of the section (2, 65) in this case. Compare the solution with the first method.
2
Problem 4: Solve for Mn and φn of this section (with the three 20 mm diameter (Area = 314 mm ) bars)
Use section from problem #2 or #3; After solving several times, obtain the moment and curvature when the top strain =
0.003. These values in the ACI code would be their nominal strength and associated curvature (Mn and φn). They could
also be found using the “1 Strain” solution method using the inputs of ‐3, 600. Compare with the first method.
Problem 5: The Effect of Axial Compression on Moment‐Curvature Response
Use section from problem #2, #3 or #4; Goto Loads Loads Enter a Constant Axial Load of ‐1000 kN.
Conduct Sectional Analysis; Review Influence of Axial Compressive on Moment‐Curvature Response
Problem 6: Determine As,min of the Section so that My > Mcr
Use section from problem #2, #3 or #4; To define the longitudinal reinforcement: Define Longitudinal Reinforcement
Individual Layers (input Number of bars = 1; Select bar by area, Bar designation/area = trials; Distance from
Bottom = 65 mm). To calculate the As,min of the section, the procedure is iterative. First, input an initial guess (trial) of
the bar area; then obtain the sectional response and observe the “Control M‐Phi” graph, and follow the iterative
procedure shown below:
If (Cracking Moment) > (Yielding / Ultimate Moment) increase the reinforcing bar area
If (Cracking Moment) < (Yielding / Ultimate Moment) decrease the reinforcing bar area
If (Cracking Moment) ≈ (Yielding / Ultimate Moment) OK. (~End of Iterations). Solution to Problem 3.
Compare with hand calculations
2
Problem 7: My and φy of More Heavily Reinforced Section (with five 32 mm diameter (Area = 804 mm ) bars)
2
Repeat problem 3 with five bars each with an area of 804 mm
Problem 8: Determine As,max
Use similar approach to that in problem #6 but with the goal of finding the amount of reinforcement for which for which
first yield occurs when top strain = ‐0.003
Problem 9: Effect of Adding Compression Reinforcement on Moment‐Curvature Response
Using section from Problem #8, add four 32mm diameter bars at 535 mm from bottom of section. Review beneficial
effect on the Moment‐Curvature Response developed in problem #8.
Problem 10: Calculating the Axial Load – Moment Interaction Diagram
Goto Loads Loads Enter a Constant Axial Load of ‐1000 kN. Conduct Sectional Analysis to Investigate influence of
Axial Compressive on Moment‐Curvature Response
Problem 11: Effect of Adding a Top Flange
Define Concrete Section T‐Beam Section input (“btop”, “h”, “bweb”, “ttop”). Obtain the sectional response and
observe the effect of adding a top flange.
Note: To plot Moment‐Curvature prediction from Program R2K; click right mouse button from bottom left figure and put
into Excel spreadsheet or other tool for plotting